DE1810060A1 - Knitted, warp-knitted or woven fabrics with permanent antistatic properties - Google Patents

Description

DR. E. WIEGAND DIPUNG. W. NIEMANN 1810060

DR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C GERNHARDT

MÖNCHEN HAMBURG

TcLEFONi 55547 «8000 MUNICH 15,

TELEGRAMMEiKARPATENT NUSSBAUMSTRASSE 10

2Q, Nov. 190f

¥. 13 998/68 13 / de

leijin Limited Osaka (Japan)

Knitted, warp-knitted or woven fabrics with permanent antistatic properties

The invention relates to fabric with durable antistatic properties for use in clothing and undergarments.

The organic textile fibers generally have the disadvantage that when exposed to frictional forces, especially when used at low humidity, charged with static electricity. This tendency is with hydrophobic fibers, for example synthetic Fibers such as polyamide, polyester, acrylic and. -Olyolefin fibers and semi-synthetic fibers such as Aceta-cund. Triacetate fibers especially noteworthy. This symptom of elicitation causes disturbances, e.g. B. cas occurrence of electrostatic discharge noise, stick clothing on the human body and electric shock.

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To solve these problems, a method has been proposed in which a small amount of metal fibers dem textile fiber material is incorporated (U.S. Patent 3,288,175). Using this method, however, it is necessary to use a metal fiber material of a unit of minimum to use the values. In spite of using a metal fiber material of fine pus, problems still remain during the mixing and treatment stages as well as problems with reference to the handle of the product. This is due to the fact "that the usual! Textile fibers" and the metal fibers are substantially heterogeneous. Moreover, since the manufacture of metal fibers of fine Titer is not easy and metal fibers are expensive, this way of working is in terms of quality and cost of the product obtained is not appropriate and desirable. Electrostatic charging was also proposed by incorporating electrically conductive fibers that disperse carbon black through the fibers.

/ habitual ,

keep, in '£ extilfasera su prevent (see U.S. Patent 2,845,962). However, in the case of conductive fibers with carbon black incorporated therein, such as those mentioned above, the desired conductivity cannot be obtained unless a considerable amount of carbon black is used the inside of the paser is dispersed. Therefore, the mechanical strength of the Paser is low and it possesses a tendency to break during the treatment stages. As a result, the manufacture of antistatic textile materials and products follows this procedure difficult. In addition, the appearance and feel of the product are unsatisfactory because of the use a relatively large amount of the conductive paser with a black parbe, which when incorporated

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and dispersing the aforesaid carbon black into the fiber to obtain the antistatic effect is necessary.

According to the invention there is a knitted, knitted or woven fabric with permanent antistatic properties Created for use in clothing and underwear, where the! you about o, oo5 to about 1o wt <.- $ of an electrically conductive fiber material contains. The cloth according to the invention is characterized in that that the electrically conductive fiber material has a substrate made of a chemical fiber and one thereon comprises formed electrically conductive coating, which consists of a binder polymer as a matrix with therein dispersed finely divided powder of an electrically conductive material in sufficient quantity to the electrical To regulate the resistance of the electrically conductive fiber so that it does not exceed about 10 Ohm / cm, consists, wherein the electrically conductive fiber has the functional properties of textile fibers.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "fiber" as used herein refers to both staple fibers and fibers also endless threads.

The electrically conductive fiber constituting a knitted, knitted or woven cloth according to the invention to be incorporated comprises a substrate of a chemical fiber and an electrically conductive coating formed thereon and has the functional properties of textile fibers.

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As used herein, the term "functional properties of textile fibers" generally refers to the presence of mechanical properties which enable an easer to meet conventional spinning, twisting, crimping, weaving and knitting? or kneading treatments can be subjected and can withstand such conditions to which the fiber is usually exposed during these treatment steps as well as during their use, ie such conditions as friction, tensile stress, bending stress, repeated bending, repeated stretching and relaxation and repeated compression and relaxation} is also referred to The above expression indicates the presence of a compatibility and a processability together with common organic textile fibers. The electrically conductive fiber to be used in the knitted or knitted and woven cloths according to the invention should have mechanical properties which are approximately comparable to those of the substrate made of the chemical fiber. It should generally have a tensile strength of at least about 1 g / denier, preferably at least about 2 g / denier, an elongation at break of at least about 1%, preferably about 10%, and an initial modulus of not more than about 3,000 kg / mm, preferably not above about 2,000 kg / mm. The electrically conductive fiber used should preferably not only have the aforementioned mechanical properties in the longitudinal direction, but also mechanical properties in the lateral or transverse direction, for example flexibility or elasticity, and also chemical properties, for example the ability to. to withstand the usual rinsing or cleaning, dyeing and washing treatments, the electrically conductive fiber to be used according to the invention should generally have a low density of

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less than 2.5 g / cm and preferably a low density of less than 2.0 g / cm.

As a chemical fiber, which is used as the substrate of the electrical conductive paser is used, fibers are .of linear synthetic polyamides, e.g. B. poly-E-capronamide (nylon 6) and polyhexamethylene amide (nylon 66) in terms of mechanical properties and adhesion to the electrically conductive coating are preferred. Regarding due to the mechanical properties, polyester fibers, for example polyethylene terephthalate, are also preferred. However, it is also possible to use fibers from other synthetic polymers, for example those from Polyolefin polymers, acrylic polymers, polyvinyl acetal, polyurea, polyimides and mixtures thereof and cellulose fibers, consisting of cellulose acetate or regenerated cellulose. The fineness of the fibers is usually about 5 Ms 50 den, preferably about 1obLs 3o the. Moreover, the chemical fibers used as the substrate can either be in the form of monofilaments or multifilaments are present.

The electrically conductive coating can be formed on the substrate fiber in the following manner: A Solution or emulsion of a binder polymer containing fine metals, for example syllables, Gold, platinum, Eupfer, brass, nickel, aluminum, tungsten as well as other finely divided electrically conductive materials, e.g. B. itupferoxyd and carbon black, contains dispersed, is applied to the surface of the substrate fiber, whereupon the coating is dried and, if desired, the binder polymer is hardened. As an electrically conductive one

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finely divided powders are finely divided powders from SiI- ' about and soot in terms of their resistance to Rinsing or cleaning, painting, washing and chemicals as well as with regard to their electrical conductiv-

,. , .,/particularly . ability ⁷ preferred.

Binder polymers which can be used are various synthetic resins, e.g. B. Acrylic * epoxy, phenolic, Urethane, melamine, urea, polyester, vinyl and silicone resins, natural and synthetic rubber ·: - ■

™ substances and mixtures thereof. However, it should be in each individual Pail an appropriate selection to be made, whereby ' the properties of the binders, e.g. B. their adhesion to the substrate fiber, the abrasion resistance and chemical resistance of the coating and the flexibility of the coated substrate fiber. Furthermore, this liquid composition can be a thickener, an anti-aging agent, a modifier to give the coating a bendability, a Hff'.rtungczüttel for the binder polymer as well as other additives are incorporated. Examples of suitable binder polymers "include combinations

fc tions of oil-soluble phenolic resins with chloroprene polymerizate, styrene / butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers and other synthetic rubbers; Combinations of a bis-phenol / epoxy ^ arzes of the epichlorohydrin type with an epoxy equivalent. about 17o to 25o with a polyamide resin, an epoxidized vegetable oil, or liquid polyalkylene sulfide; a polyurethane urea with Ή, N-disubstituted ureylene groups of relatively low molecular weight, the combination of a partially saponified vinyl chloride / vinyl

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acetatmiachpolymerisats and one modified with n-butanol Melamine resin; and the combination of Ethylaerylat / styrene / Hydroxyäthylacryiat-Misehpolymerisat with a melamine resin modified with n-butanol.

The electrically conductive fibers used according to the invention have an electrical resistance of not above about 1o "ohms / cm since when the electrical Resistance exceeds this limit, that according to the invention contemplated woven or knitted or

* IJ. "With / antistatic properties. _TT . __ worked cloth 'not' can be obtained. For the production of electrically conductive fibers with a resistance of not above approx. , train is present, and to regulate the thickness of the coating.

To achieve an electrical resistance of not above about 10 ⁹ ohm / cm, the metal content in the coating must generally be at least 50 wt .- #, preferably at least 75 wt .- $, if the finely divided electrically conductive material is made of a metal such as Silver consists, while the content of finely divided electrically conductive material must be at least 5% by weight, preferably 10% by weight, if this consists of carbon (soot). In addition, with a view to stable conductivity, the thickness of the coating should preferably be at least about 0.3 microns in the case of finely divided metals and at least about 0.5 microns in the case of carbon (soot). On the other hand, the upper limit of the thickness of the electroconductive coating and the upper limit of the amount contained in the coating of the finely divided particles of the electroconductive material in practical use as a textile fiber are in view of the above properties, that is, the functional properties as a textile fiber, e.g. . B. the mechanical properties of the fibers and their flexibility,

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limited. A coating of excessive thickness is not only unnecessary in terms of conductivity, but • also "undesirable, especially with regard to the flexibility. A coating that uses finely divided metals as contains electrically conductive material, should preferably have an average thickness of no more than about 10 microns, preferably not above about 5 microns. It is also necessary that a carbon ent-ι holding coating a mean thickness of not more than about 15 microns, preferably not more than 10 microns, owns. Coatings that are finely divided metals in an approximately 9ο amount in excess of weight or carbon (soot) contain in an amount in excess of about 60% by weight, are also generally bad about them strength and their adhesiveness to the substrate and are therefore prone to peeling or peeling from the substrate during treatment stages and use.

Daa knitted, knitted or woven luch for use in garments and undergarments according to the invention consists of organic textile fibers t 'and a small amount of the aforementioned electrically conductive fibers. In order to achieve remarkable antistatic effects, the electrically conductive Fibrous material was found in the knitted, knitted or woven cloth in an amount of at least 0.005 wt be. Although it is sometimes possible, the antistatic effects can also be obtained with amounts smaller than the above to achieve the specified, the effects are often not stable. On the other hand, if the electrically conductive

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capable fiber material is incorporated in an amount of about 2 "to ίο% by weight, the degree of improvement in the antistatic effects corresponding to the increase in the amount of the electrically conductive material gradually decreases as the ratio becomes smaller the latter value approaches Therefore, the use of the electrically conductive fiber in an amount of above about 1o ä half wt .-% for practical purposes unnecessary Z "-.. forth to practical considerations, the electrically conductive fiber material the knitted, crocheted!. Gthe woven cloth to an extent of about 0.005 "£ -:. *. 10 wt .- ^ and preferably about 0.01 to 2 wt .- Jo be incorporated.

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J i

i i

J J

- 10 -

The electrically conductive fiber material can one. knitted, knitted or woven cloth for garments and underwear by mixed spinning, plying, mixed twisting, mixed weaving, mixed knitting or mixed twisting. and incorporated by other desired measures. In general, an electrically conductive yarn, which contains an electrically conductive fiber material,

from the electrically-conductive fibers and an overall

common organic textile fiber material. A knitted, knitted or woven cloth is expedient only using the electrically conductive yarn or from the electrically conductive yarn and a customary non-electrical conductive weaving or knitting yarn according to a common mixed weaving or mixed knitting or knitting process manufactured. '' Depending on the areas of application of the finished product, it is possible to

^ wished woven, knitted or knitted cloth durci. Mixed weaving or mixed knitting or knitting one electrically conductive spun or thread gannets, consisting only of electrically conductive fibers, with a common non-electrically conductive one Manufacture weaving or knitting yarn. It has been found to be advantageous, and preferable, that electrically conductive fiber material in the form of end

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to incorporate loose threads. For example, if the knitting, knitting or weaving yarns are spun yarns "the exercise" of electrically conductive fibers auw— uUw _o wAuii ^v v \ * ** ", - *, then one can use spun yarns that are electrically conductive Contain fibers as part of these knitting, knitting or weaving yarns. Even if the knitting or warping or warping yarns are spun yarns, it is advantageous to use the electrically conductive fibers in the form of endless threads and to connect them with separately produced, non-electrically conductive, spun yarns. According to an advantageous mode of operation for the production of crocheted, knitted or woven cloths or fabrics according to the invention, the weaving, knitting or warp knitting is carried out, whereby enxdlo.se electrically conductive threads and preferably an electrically conductive monofilament with a * part or the entire non-electrical conductive woven or knitting yarns that are to be processed into the knitted, woven or knitted cloth, arranged in parallel. It has been confirmed that a more excellent and stable antistatic effect can be obtained by incorporating the electrically conductive fibers into the form of endless filaments than when incorporating them

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takes place in the form of staple fibers. Accordingly, the shape of endless threads for making a such an antistatic cloth is more advantageous. Especially when the weaving or knitting yarns are endless There are threads, it is also possible to use an electrically conductive thread material in the form of at least one, advantageously a monofilament with a customary organic textile thread bundle to combine and subject this to a mechanical crimping and the material thus obtained as part or to be used as a whole as weaving or knitting yarn.

It was unexpected that the electrically conductive thread material used in accordance with the invention would have a Twisting, shirring, weaving and knitting or birch ^ could withstand «.

As noted above, it is not necessary that all of the weaving and knitting yarns be electrical conductive thread included. As long as the content of electrically conductive fiber material in the knitted, knitted or woven cloth at least is about 0.005 wt. -96, a remarkable one antistatic effect can be achieved, even whom the distance between an electrically conductive yarn

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'tarooBü

and an adjacent electrically conductive yarn is considerably large. The distance between electrical Conductive yarns should correspond to the intended use of the knitted, knitted or woven fabric and the desired antistatic effect can be selected. This distance is also like the content of electrically conductive fiber material, as described above an important factor in obtaining an anti-. static effect on knitted, warp-knitted or

wove cloth for clothing and underclothing. If the distance between electrically conductive yarns in a knitted, warp-knitted or woven cloth is less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, then all of the items of clothing sewn from this cloth are almost free of the appearance of bottom flaring caused by static discharge. or noise when taking off the clothes. In the case of slippers or skirts, sticking to the human body while being worn is hardly observed if the distance is less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm. A cloth with incorporated electrically conductive yarns at shorter intervals provides an increased antistatic effect, if a person wears a work ski e-idung made from this cloth, the charging

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• 181006Ό

tension of the garment and the wearer during of wearing and at the time of looking limited to a very low value with no disturbance as to discharge or electric shock. The person can therefore safely be in a dangerous place, for example, work in a flammable atmosphere. Furthermore, if electrically conductive yarns at intervals of 1 cm or less in a garish arrangement or in Horizontal stripes are incorporated, have the received Cloths have not only an excellent antistatic effect but also an electrostatic shielding effect Flow lines. Thus, the cloth material according to the invention can be used as workwear for people who handle electronics and live high-voltage lines, be processed.

The electrical used according to the invention

Conductive fibers don't just include those at which the electrical resistance is in the range of a conventional conductor, but also those at which the electrical resistance is very high, e.g. 1 ο Ohm / cm. It is surprising to find a remarkable antistatic effect is exhibited even if a small amount of a fiber material with a such high electrical resistance is incorporated.

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for rrr r ι

It is not easy to set up the mechanism of prevention electrification or charging without further explanation ^ »In general, supplies a high voltage above 1000 volts a problem with regard to an unfavorable Charging or electrification of common organic textile fibers, the amount of electrostatic charge BU at this point in time being very low. It is therefore believed that even in the case of Such a high electrical resistance causes a local "internal electrical breakdown of the coating" such a high voltage takes place, and that an electrostatic charge with this electrical conductive & n fiber by such effects as gaseous corona discharge, surface coating and «Surface flashover and tracking and derivation (leakage) is easily drained, reducing the accumulation static electricity is prevented. This seems essential to the prevention of electrostatic effects Charges to contribute. Moreover, the distribution of electrostatic charge appear through the electric conductive fibers through and the shielding effect the fiber to contribute significantly to the antistatic effect.

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The electrically conductive fibers used according to the invention retain the functional properties of textile fibers and have durability and durability against various conditions which are usually encountered during the manufacture of woven, knitted or knitted cloths or fabrics for use in garments and Undergarments and during their use are exposed to e.g. rubbing or rubbing, repeated bending, repeated stretching and relaxing, rinsing or cleaning, dyeing and washing. The electrically conductive fibers according to the invention can be incorporated into the knitted, woven or knitted cloth very easily during its manufacture The cloths according to the invention, which contain a small amount of the electrically conductive fibers, have permanent antistatic properties, and their appearance and feel are also very satisfactory. Moreover, these electrically conductive fibers are with the others Fibers which form the cloth goods are compatible and therefore their tendency to separate from the surface during use of the cloth is low.

The knitted »knitted, or woven fabrics and cloths for clothing and undergarment purposes according to the invention can either consist of woven cloth, 2.B a cloth with plain weave, a twill or twill cloth, satin cloth and another patterned cloth or a knitted or knitted cloth Cloth, for example a weft knitted fabric or warp knitted fabric. Outerwear, shirts, blouses, underwear, women's underwear and other clothing fabrics _;

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0060

made from these woven, knitted or knitted fabrics have permanent antistatic properties Properties.

The invention is explained below with reference to Bei->

play explained in more detail. The resistance of the electrically conductive fibers as shown in the examples below was measured using an FM tester (Frequency Modulation Tester) Model L-19-B and an insulation automatic ohmmeter, Model L-68 (manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Works, Japan) loading a right and the breaking strength, elongation at break and the Young ¹ see initial modulus were using

a sample with a dimension length of 5 cm at a stretching speed of 5 cm / min. Of the

Value of the charging or electrification voltage was measured using a collector-type potentiometer, Model K-325 (manufactured by Kasuga Electric Company, Japan) measured. The content of the electrically conductive

Fibers is in weight-96 of electrically conductive

Fibers, based on the organic textile fiber material, from which the knitted, knitted or woven cloth

is produced, expressed.

Unless otherwise specified, the parts and percentages given in the examples are of the compositions on a weight basis.

example 1

(A) A poly- £ - <apronamide monofilament (nylon 6) with a titer of 15 den was made up of a paste from a mixture of finely divided flaky silver with an average particle size of 1.5 mi

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• · " r

krön and an adhesive of the nitrile chewy / phenol type (solids content 24 %) in the ratio indicated in the next table X with a feed rate of 25 m / min and then passed through a slot to regulate its excess thickness. The monofilament was then slid through a hot air oven at 70 ° C for β seconds and then through an air bath at 19 ° 0 for 6 aec. In each case an electrically conductive monofilament with an electrical resistance as shown in Table I below was obtained

(B) A poly-capronamide monofilament (nylon 6) with a titer of 15 den was replaced by a paste consisting of a mixture of acetylene and an adhesive of the nitrile rubber / phenol type (solids content 24 %) in the The following table II, respectively, given in relation to a feed rate of 25 m / min and then passed through a slot in order to regulate the thickness of the coating. The monofilament was then passed through a hot air oven at 70 ° C for 6 seconds and then through an air bath at 190 ° C for 6 seconds. An electrically conductive monofilament with the electrical resistance given in Table II below was obtained in each case.

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From the values listed in Tables I and ZI below, it can be seen that all the electrically conductive threads obtained have properties as woven and knitted fibers and Have strength, flexibility or flexibility and elasticity properties that differ from the, those of the substrate thread hardly distinguish them «In addition, they are light in weight ·

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Table I.

gang of paste

Properties of the electrically conductive thread

sample

Xelntei

liges
■ fXfc

- ELeb ~

thickness

silver
(Parts)

© lek-. justifiable. net as IeIt-solid-capable content) coating

(Microns) elektrl »Bruche break" goer Wi-strength strength festigdei ^ stood ness ness _s be - (<flU / coL) (g / d) apply '

Fracture-

Titer of

Stibstrat-

Xoimg * scher Spezi initial - f I - modal sch @ s

100 29 100 24 100 '24 100 19th

, 3. , 5 x, , 2 ac.

<■ 2.6

² 3.3 ⁶ 4.2

'. 3.3 ·

"5.4

• 5.5. 5.6

42 / 280 43 250 41 " 260

42

Table II .
zunJTder ^S paste properties of the electrically conductive yarn

Sample no.> fine - 15th Sticky thickness Coating electrical break 1 fracture fracture Younger - 240 Speci liges 10 material of (Micron) shear Wi-strengthening I, firm strain At first 230 fi flaky 10 (Parts, elec state of affairs 8.0 χ 10 ⁸ 3.3 ability {%) module : 10 sches silver 45 calc trisch 7.9 (- «- / cm) (g / den) 3rd, o χ 1o ⁵ 4.0 pulled' (kgmm ² ) 220 weight (Parts) net as guiding 4.3 6, ο χ 10 ⁷ 4.5 on the (g / cm ³ j Solid-capable 2.5 4, o χ 10 ⁴ 4.2 Titer of salary) 3, o; - - Substrate thread (g / den) 1 * 1 909 B-1 85 5.3 38 1.2. OO
NJ B-2 24 5.6 40 1.2 B-3 - 24 5.5 42 U2 O ' B-4 55 5.5 41

For the production of a cloth with a plain weave, in which both warps and wefts consist of polyethylene terephthalate yarns with 36 threads and a denier of 75 den, each of the aforementioned electrically conductive Jiono threads was plied with the polyethylene terephthalate multifilaments of 36 threads and a denier of 75 den. And di The resulting bundles of threads were woven in so that they were arranged at intervals of 2 cm in the warp and weft directions. The ratio of the electrically conduc- ™ enabled threads which were incorporated into the cloth with a plain weave was for the electrically conductive threads (A) o _f o8 to o, 13% and for the electrically conductive threads (B) o, o7 to o , 1 %.

Cloths with the electrically conductive threads incorporated in this way and cloths to which no electrically conductive thread had been incorporated were each cleaned or rinsed and covered with a cloth made of polyacrylonitrile fibers at 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 4o % at a speed of 6 cm / sec. rubbed. The charging or electrification voltage fc of each of these cloths was measured 30 seconds after the electrification voltage reached the saturation value. It was found that the cloths, which no electrically conductive thread had been incorporated, produced a discharge noise during rubbing and had an electrification voltage of such a level as +7,3oo volts, while the cloths that had the electrically conductive threads according to the Er-. found, all an electrification voltage

from only + 45o to + 550j. . Eaimrde observed that

Volts.

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both an electrically conductive thread with a very high electrical resistance, e.g. sample B-1 as well as a good conductive thread when incorporated exhibited the same excellent antistatic effect.

Example 2

(A) A well mixed pesbe of too parts of fine, spherical silver powder with an average particle size of 0.1 micron, 50 parts of an adhesive of the acrylic ester type (emulsion type, solids content 42 %) , 2.5 parts of an aqueous solution of a melamine hair (solids content 5o %) and a small amount of a catalyst would be produced

(B) A well-mixed paste of 10 parts of AcetyrlenruS, 7ο sharing an acrylic ester type adhesive (Emulsionsartι solids content $ 42), 3.5 parts of a aqueous solution of a melamine resin (solids content

50 %) and a small amount of a catalyst were produced «

Any of the so. pastes produced was under application a rotating roller on a polyethylene terephthalate monofilament of 15 the applied as a coating and through Hardened by heating with an infrared ray lamp. ^ Ee were each electrically conductive monofilament (A) and (B) obtained with the properties given in Table III below?

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Table III

of the electrically conductive threads

Mr _e

Dick® d © § EXelrtriseher © Xe & triseh ¥ iderstasd

24

Brach- Brush «» Toiing ¹ scher 'Spesifi-

consolidation-elongation -isifangsiiodul sches

speed, (%) ikg / mm ² ) weight

based on% ^ g / mm j_. _{(tr / t} ^ 3 \

on the Cg / em)

Titer of
Substrate

86 ©

1.Ö

3.5

. 2.9 1.3

electrically conductive threads have the properties listed in the table above and have a strength, flexibility and elasticity, that of the corresponding properties of the substrate thread are little different «In addition, they are light in weight ·

After the aforementioned electrically conductive monofilaments were repeatedly bent 100 χ with a bending angle i of 90 °, their electrical resistance was hardly changed. Even after these threads were furthermore subjected to a load of 0.33 g / denier for 5 minutes by means of a nylon gear (rotational speed 12o rpm.j module 3.61 j number of teeth 4o), calculated on the basis of the Substrate fiber rubbed, there was little change in its electrical resistance and the electrically conductive coating was not peeled off.

The electrically conductive monofilaments described above were plied with a polyethylene terephthalate multifilament material with a titer of 5o and 24 threads f to form an electrically conductive yarn. A tricot fabric for shirts was knitted from the resultant electroconductive yarn and the aforesaid polyethylene terephthalate multi-thread yarn so that the electroconductive yarn was arranged in the warps at intervals of 5 cm. Men's shirts were sewn using the obtained fabric. The content of electroconductive threads incorporated was 0.06 % with respect to the thread material (A) and 0.05 % with respect to the thread material (B).

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With reference to shirt ₉ which di®ee electrically conductive threads were incorporated and to B @ md @ n ₉ which did not contain any such electrically conductive threads _? were 'carried out at 24 ⁰ C and a relative · humidity of 1o% attempts during wearing and taking off, in the case of shirts that contained no electrically conductive threads, these stick to the support when pulling and there was noise from static discharge he perceived Further - »the wearer stopped after taking off the shirt, if a conductive material» ss »B» touches a metal ^ · a strong electric shock »The electrification voltages of the wearer and the human body reached + 8000 yoIt or« - 4700 volts after taking off In contrast, in the case of the shirt, which contains the electrically conductive fiber material (A), the electrification voltage was only + 300 YoIt or -4oo volts. And in the case of the shirt which contained the electrically conductive fiber material (B), the electrification voltage was + 35o YoIt or -4 0 volts. The electrostatic disturbances described above ■ did not occur in these shirts at all, and these shirts had an excellent antistatic effect «,

Bgisp_iel___2

A polychylene terephthalate thread of 15 denier *

was made up of a well-mixed® paste made from Io parts

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Rom finely divided copper with an average particle size of about 10 microns and 20 parts of an adhesive of the acrylic resin type (solvent type, solids content 10 %), passed and passed through a slot to adjust its oversize thickness, whereupon it was cured by heating in hot air obtained electrically conductive thread with an average electrical resistance of 1000 M ^ X / cm and an average coating thickness of 1.4 microns.

The electrically conductive thread obtained had a breaking strength of 3.6 g / den (4.9 g / dea, calculated based on the titer of the substrate thread), an elongation at break of 25 9 ^ and a Young's vision + of 1100 kg / mm. He possessed strength, flexibility and elasticity little different from those of the substrate thread and possessed a light weight as indicated by a specific gravity of 1.6.

For the production of a plain weave cloth, in which both warps and wefts consist of polyethylene terephthalate multifilaments with a titer of 100 denier and j ^ threads, the electrically conductive monofilaments described above were pinned with a polyethylene terephthalate transverse thread material of 100 denier / 46 threads and the obtained thread bundle was woven in such a manner that it was arranged at intervals of 1 cm in the warp and weft directions. The content of incorporated electrically conductive threads was ο, 18 % »

⁺ input module.

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A cloth which had these electrically conductive threads incorporated, and a cloth which had no such Containing electrically conductive filaments were each rinsed or cleaned, and their electrification voltage was determined in the same manner as in Example-1 described by rubbing with a cloth from a Acrylic fiber material measured. The cloth, which did not contain any electrically conductive threads, had a Electrification voltage of + 7300 volts while the cloth, which contained electrically conductive threads, had an electrification voltage τοη only + 350 ToIt showed, indicating a very excellent antistatic effect.

A skirt sewn using the cloth obtained in this example did not adhere nor did it show any flashes of any kind on the legs and good looks could be maintained. On the other hand, a skirt that was made using a Cloth «with a plain weave» that is not electric Removed conductive threads, a strong sticking to it the legs or an upward creep on the legs, so that this rook was very uncomfortable for the wearer.

Example 4 _;

An electrically conductive monofilament (sample A-2, as obtained in Example 1) with 2 polyethylene terephthalate / cotton Miechgarnen (mixing ratio 65/35) a number of yarns τοη 3o combined and one Subjected to end twirming to make a plied yarn with a

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to form electrical conductivity. Using this yarn and an ordinary plied yarn one A yarn count of 3o, which had no electrical conductivity, became a polyethylene terephthalate / cotton twill arranging the electrically conductive yarn in the warp direction at different distances, woven as indicated in Table IT below. Work clothes were being used the resulting twill fabrics are sewn.

Each of these working clothes was 2o min. Length l in warm water at 60 ⁰ C, the 1 g / a non-ionic detergent contained and dried after thorough removal of the detergent. A person wearing the shoes isolated, moved each ^e £ from rbeitskleidungsstücke and a Ausziehtest was carried out at 24 ⁰ C and a relative humidity of 4o%. The results of this experiment are shown in Table IV below.

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Table 17

At the time of taking off work clothing

Sample No *:

Space

des eimrer-v

loved

electric

conductive

Yarn

(cn »)

Ratio electrification

the tension of the

lived human

electrical body

conductive (K - volt) threads
(#)

Electrification

pg

Work garment
(K - volts)

2 3 4 5

not incorporated

10 o, o1

5. o, o2

1 o, 1,

o, 5 o, 2

-45.0

-5, ο -3.5 -o, 5 -o, 4

O O CD CD

Working clothes that are not electrically conductive Contained thread material and the wearer of the same showed a high electrification voltage for Timing of taking them off · An unpleasant static discharge noise was observed and the wearer received an electric shock when touching a grounded conductive material, for example from metal. In the case of work clothing, the side that changed it was that of the electrically capable Contained thread material, the electrification tension for both the garments and the wearers is low. The above-mentioned Disturbances could largely be prevented, and these items of clothing showed a very good performance antistatic effect.

Example 5

One part of acetylene black and 12 µl of a chloroprene / phenol type adhesive (polychloroprene / p-tert-butyl-phenol-formaldehyde resin «100/45 solvent toluene; solid content 24 %) were mixed thoroughly to prepare a paste. A reciprocal number of poly <f -capronamide monofilaments (nylon 6) with a titer of 5 den were aligned in parallel at a small distance from one another and at the same time immersed in the paste while maintaining the parallel state. Then the threads were passed through a slit in order to regulate the coating dioke and were heated by heating

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hardened, whereby the threads would be retained with the small spaces between them in order to prevent their mutual adhesion. In this way the threads were covered with an electrically conductive coating. The filaments were bundled into a strand and taken up on a winder to provide an electrically conductive multifilament yarn having an average electrically conductive coating thickness of 1.2 microns and an average resistance of 10 M · n / cm. each individual yarn possessed · This electrically conductive thread material had a breaking strength of 4.5 g / denier (5.4 g / denier, based on the / fineness in that of the self-threading thread), an elongation at break of 40 % -, a Young's vision Initial modulus of 25® kg / mm and a density of 1.2 g / cnr.

This electrically conductive multi-filament thread was mixed in advance with an acrylic cable in order to produce an acrylic staple fiber material for the production of a cloth with a plain weave _. and then the cable and the yarn were subjected to a crimping device for crimping "whereupon this material was cut into lengths of 76 mm to obtain a staple fiber material combined with the electrically conductive fiber" material according to the invention. The electrically conductive fibers thus incorporated exhibited curling property similar to that of acrylic fibers, but still retained their electrical conductivity to a resting extent.

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In this way, acrylic staple fibers (5 denier χ 76 mm) with a content of about 10 % of the electrically conductive staple fiber material were obtained. Using the so; The resulting staple fibers were spun yarns with a yarn count of 3o. This electrically conductive spun yarn and a conventional spun yarn of 3o count were woven to make an acrylic plain weave cloth, with the electrically conductive spun yarn in the warp and weft directions f

was arranged at intervals of 5 cm. The content of electrically conductive fiber material in the cloth was 0.08 %. A test piece with a size of 10 10 cm was prepared from the cloth thus obtained. When this sample was rinsed or cleaned and was then vigorously rubbed with a cloth made of polyvinyl chloride at 24 ⁰ C and a relative humidity of 4o% a Gerä-usch was not part of a static discharge and the electrification voltage was only +5.0 K -VoIt, which indicated a very excellent * antistatic effect. 'A the other hand, yielded a Acryltruch m ± t plain weave containing no electrically conductive fiber material, while grinding a noise of a static discharge and the electrification voltage reached 6o + K-Voit.

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Claims (9)

- 34 claims 1) Knitted, knitted or woven fabrics with permanent antistatic properties for. Use inKleidungs- and lower garments, the cloth goods such as o, oo5 to 1o percent by _e -% of an electrically conductive fiber material, characterized in that the electrically conductive »Fiber material a substrate made of chemical fibers and an electrically conductive one formed on it Comprising coating, wherein the coating is made of a polymer Binding material as a matrix with a finely divided powder made of an electrically conductive one that is dispersed in the inside Material in sufficient quantity to provide electrical resistance to the electrically conductive fiber of not above about 10 ohm / cm and the electrically conductive fiber material has the functional properties of textile fibers having. 2) cloth according to claim 1, characterized * indicates that the electrically conductive fiber material present in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 percent by weight is. 3) Cloth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically conductive ferrous material has a breaking strength of at least about 1, g / den, an elongation at break of at least about 3 % and a Young * see initial modulus of not above about 3,000 kg / mm. 909829/1081 4) cloth according to one of claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that the electrically conductive Coating of the electrically conductive fibers contains a metal powder dispersed, and an average thickness ^ from about 0.3 to 10 microns 5) cloth according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating * has an average thickness of about 0.3 to 1o microns and therein about 5o to 9o wt, -? 6 one contains finely divided silver powder dispersed. 6) cloth according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating of the electrically conductive fibers has an average thickness of about £ 0.7 to 15 microns and therein about 5 to 60% by weight of a finely divided powder an electrically conductive carbon material contains dispersed. 7) cloth according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrically conductive Fibers are present in the form of endless threads. 8) cloth according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one part of the yarns from which the cloth is formed consists of electrically conductive yarns that are electrically conductive fibers and organic textile fibers. 909829/1061 18100G0 - 56- 9) cloth according to one of claims 1 to 7 »characterized in that some of the yarns, from which the cloth is formed, consists of electrically conductive yarns made of electrically conductive fibers are formed. 1o) Cloth goods according to claim 8 or 9> characterized in that the distance between the one electrically conductive yarn and an adjacent one electrically conductive yarn is not above about 20 cm. 9098 2 9/106