DE1800528A1 - Method and device for packing objects - Google Patents

Description

(Italy 21203 A / 67 prio: 3.IO. 67 12925 - 5776)

WR Grace & Co.

New York, N.Y., V.St.A.

Hamburg, October 1st, 1960

Method and device for packaging objects

The invention relates to a method and a device for packaging objects by wrapping them and preferably for wrapping objects in a sheet of thermoplastic film which has the ability to shrink either monoaxially or biaxially when heated to an appropriate temperature.

The inventive method is particularly suitable for packaging two or more objects that either are arranged next to each other or lying on top of one another, so that the solid cohesion between the objects during packaging is not compromised as the need to lift, tilt or rotate the group of packages not applicable.

Various wrapping methods are already in use, but they have a number of disadvantages,

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which includes the need for complex and time consuming wrapping. In one type, the packing sleeve held in place by sealing side splits. It is preferred that the objects be clearly and fully visible are, but in this way of working, at least two sides of the pack are hidden by the lateral folds.

On others currently available. Packing machines the turning is achieved with the help of zx * ei tracks, the ends of which are connected to one another. The strength of the weld seam can be unsatisfactory, as well as these seams It must lie along the sides of the pack they both the visibility of the packaged items and the appearance of the pack itself.

The invention relates to a method of packaging of objects, one or more objects be wrapped in a sheet, the ends of which are attached to each other over the item to be packaged, the is characterized in that the object to be packaged is placed on the front end of a packing table in such a way that the rear part of the object protrudes over the edge of the table, and part of the object protrudes into the arch

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Wraps packing material from one below the level of the table arranged roll is unwound, with the free end of the sheet on the surface of the back of the to packaging item is set, whereupon the The subject inngs of the packing table is moved forward until the item has passed a sheet delivery slot in the table, thereby wrapping the item to be wrapped Object is completed, and that the overlapping areas of the arch and the previously on the Packet attached end connects together, wherein the sheet is severed to allow Siitfernen the wrapped object.

The subject of the invention is also a device for Packaging of items ii ο .ig-.ifo- \ rigerB material which a packing table for laying on the p-ioüs ^ iicke, a holder for holding a roll of packing material below the level of the packing table and a cutting device for cutting the Packing material and detachment of the wrapped package for removing the same from the packing table, which thereby is characterized in that the packing table has at least one slot which extends across the table and exno passage opening for the bow-shaped cat la ;, which is unwound from the roll, as well as a stop for Aus

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set up the packages in a suitable position the table in relation to the slot for the web so that the free end of the arcuate wrap material can be anchored to the rear floor surface of a package before the item is along the Tisohes and across the slot is moved to loop the wrap around the underside of the item, as well as a front Direction for welding the overlapping ends of the wrapper sheet Above the package and during cutting the film for separating the wrapped packaged goods from the web in order to remove the wrapped item from the packing table to allow. Preferably, the table has a device for controlling the length of the around the package wound wrapping sheet, which is driven by the wrapping material unwound from a roll. In a particularly favorable and preferred embodiment ordered the device to control the amount of wrapping material used from a pair of rollers attached to the Table are attached and are located near the slot for the passage of the packaging material and through Packing material passing through the slot rotated flocks, whereby there is an adjustable braking device for the rollers used to control the length of the tipping sheet.

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In the following, the invention will be based on an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings to be explained; show it:

Figures 1 to 5 - schematic longitudinal sections through a packing device according to the invention as well as the various Steps in a packaging method according to the invention;

Figures 6 and 7 - a part of the device with a braking device for the packaging web in enlarged Scale and in two different working positions;

FIGS. 8 and 9 - a modification of that shown in FIGS. 1 to 5

device shown.

The packaging process will first be explained below with reference to the various work steps shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. The packing table, which can be arranged between one or more conveying and packing devices, is denoted by A in the figures. The table is provided with a slot A ₁ arranged in a suitable position, through which the end B _{1 of} a web B protrudes, which is unwound from a roll C fastened below the table A.

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Subsequent to the slot A ₁ , the table A has an opening Ag for the passage of a device D, which consists of a welding head D and a cutting tool Dp, the latter being a cutting knife or a heated wire; the device is used to fasten the ends the web B to each other and to cut the insert B ₂ from the web. The work steps mentioned can either be carried out at the same time or separately from one another, since the cutting tool is located in front of the welding machine near the bottom of aes slot A-, and is used to control the Abivickelris of the web B, »This device consists of two rollers O ^ u ::. d Gp, which are attached to the table A by means of suitable brackets. The holders of the roller Gg are designed so that the roller Gg can slide in horizontal guides G., and the roller Gp is pressed against the roller G ₁ by a spring Q ^. The rollers G ₁ and Qg can be moved away from each other when the spring force cer fader Gh is overcome.

A gear G ₁ - is connected to the roller G 1. A flexible element in the form of an endless chain Gg is guided over the toothed wheel Gc and the free-running wheel G. A counterweight Gg is attached to the chain Gg between the stops Gq and G ₁₀ ,

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BATH ORIGINAL

one of which is movable along a guide in order to adjust the path length of the counterweight O. If the track B

is moved in the direction of arrow Y (Fig. 6), then the rollers G ₁ and G ₂ rotate and the counterweight Gg moves away from the stop G ₁₀ until it reaches the stop Gq and thereby blocks the rotation of the rollers, while when the end B _{1 of} the web is pulled in the direction of the arrow X, the roll Gg is _{pushed away from the roll G 1} against the spring action, so that the web B can be unwound further. The device shown is completed by the stops E, which are used to align the object K with respect to the slot A ₁ .

The procedure for striking ;: dos aegenstandes K (the from a single unit or several units of the same type, e.g. cans, bottles or in general Rod-shaped objects can exist side by side or lying on top of one another) is carried out either • automatically or by hand in the following widths:

The object 3C is placed on the table A, butting against the stop E (see. Fig. 1) so that its rear end K ₁ protrudes a certain distance over the front edge Δ, of the table.

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The operator (or a corresponding and suitably driven device) first grasps the end of the web B and pulls the latter upwards. In this way, the rollers O ₁ and Og are rotated and the counterweight Gg is raised until it hits the stop Gg and the rolling movement stops. In this way, a predetermined length of the web B ₂ protrudes through the slot A ₁ as shown in FIG.

The end B _{1 of} the section B _{2 of} the web is pulled over the article so that the upper side K and the rear side K _{1 of} the article K are covered in such a _{way that the end B 1 is} rearward from the lower side Kh as in FIG shown lies. The end B _{1 of} the web section B ₂ is then attached to the underside K ^ of the object K. This attachment can be achieved in various ways, for example with the help of clips, glue or by taking advantage of the weldability of the web B or even by using suitable devices which, after folding the side parts of the end B ^ against the sides of the object K, a movement of the cause the latter on table A. This work step can also be carried out by hand.

After this step, the partially wrapped Object K pushed further on the surface of table A,

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until it passes _{opening A 2.} This working step (cf. also FIG. 7) leads to a tensioning of the web section Bg of the web, so that the web Bp _{touches the sides K 1} , K ₂ and K, of the object K or adheres to them. At the same time, the section B _{1 is} pulled over the roller G _{g , which is pushed away from the roller G 1} against the force of the springs G ^ and thereby allows the unwinding of another piece B, the web B, which is against the underside K ^ des Item K is pressed. During this process, the _{pressure exerted by the roller G 2} on the roller O ₁ is released and the counterweight Og is released, so that it is as in FIG. 7 shown up to the stop G ₁₀ falls. The braking device G is now again in the starting position for the next working cycle for wrapping a new object K. The movement of the object K in the direction of the arrow X is continued until the front side K _{2 of} the object reaches the opening A ₂ . Here the device D (see FIG. 4) is actuated, ie it is raised so that the welding head D ₁ strikes the two overlapping edges formed by the ends B ₁ and B- * of the web B; at the same time the knife D ₂ cuts the section B ^ -B ₂ of

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ίο -

the web B, so that a new free end of the web ₁ B is created for the next ^E inschlagzyklus. As already mentioned, the device D consists of a sealing bar D ₁ and a cutting tool Dp ₅ which, when thermoplastic films are used, consists of an electrically heated wire which runs parallel to the sealing bar.

The wire D "is arranged above the welding _{bar D 1 in} such a way that when the device D is actuated, the web B is first cut and only then is the bar D ₁ brought into contact with the free ends of the web to be welded.

The web B is cut in an area which lies immediately next to the rear side K _{1 of} the article K. During the subsequent welding of the free ends lying one above the other, the web shrinks and contracts completely, so that it coincides with the _{corner formed by the surfaces K 1} and K ^ of the object K. As a result of the cutting, the tensile force exerted on the web B during the forward movement of the object K along the table A is canceled. As a result, the roller G _{2 is pressed again against the roller O 1} by the action of the springs Oh and the end B _{1 of} the web B is held as shown in FIG. Upon completion of the wrapping, the device is immediately ready for one

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Repeat the work cycle described above so that another item K lying on table A can be wrapped.

Another embodiment of the device is shown in Figures 8 and 9 "where the parts that correspond to the same parts of the device according to Figures 1 to 5 are provided with the same reference numerals" The table A of the device shown; has on its front side A- a series of rollers Ah * which form a sliding surface for the object K and end with the rollers O ₁ and CJ _{2 of} the device G for controlling the unwinding of the web B, the latter device as anhaue; of Figures β and 7 works, so that a repeated description does not appear necessary. Sin adjustable stop H is held in place by a swivel arm H ₀ , which in turn

he.

from a swivel joint H- attached to the table A, is held. Bas opposite end of the swivel arm Hg is moved by a cam Hj, which moves on a shaft located by a main engine (not shown) an electromagnetic clutch (not shown) is driven. The power supply for the electric power supply mentioned Coupling is through one of the stop. H operated switch

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controlled when the stop is touched by the object K. The device D for welding the overlapping ends of the web section B and for cutting off the film is located at one end of a Sehwenkarmes Dh, which is also pivotably articulated on the table A _{- the pivot arm D 2} is moved by a cam D ₁ - which is connected to the above-mentioned cam Hh so that it is driven by the same motor. To move the object K with its wrapping after the film has been cut and sealed, a conveyor M is used, which consists of a flexible element or an endless belt M ₁ that runs over the rollers M ₂ and M 2. The roller M _{2 is held} by the same axis H as the swivel arm H ₂ , while the axis for the wheel M is located at the end of a viewing swivel arm, which is also movable around the swivel axis H- and is controlled by a cam M ^, which is also connected to the drive members of the cams D, - and H ^ and serves to move the wheel M, upwards in order to bring the Ban in a plane with the surface of the table A.

The work cycle carried out by the device described last is analogous to the work cycle shown in FIGS. After attaching the end B _{1 of} the web B to the rear floor surface K _{h of} the article K

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the latter is moved in the direction of arrow X against the stop H. This closes an electrical switch which controls the power supply for the electromagnet, which in turn is located between the motor and the shaft or shafts on which the cams Dc, H ^ and M ^ are attached. The cam D ₁ - is operated first to raise the welding and cutting device D and _{to press the latter against the overlapping free ends B 1 of} the web B and to seal them together. At the same time, the part D ₂ cuts the sheet B ₂ from the path B. The subsequent rotation of the cam D ₁ - leads the device D back to the starting position. After actuation of part D, the cam Hj lowers the stop H (cf. Pig. 9), whereupon the cam M ^ comes into action in order to raise the wheel M-, and thus the belt M _1, above the table A. Since the belt M ₁ is in motion due to the rotation of the wheels M _{2 and M 1} , the belt M 1 pulls the wrapped object K in the direction indicated by the arrow X and places the object at the rear of the table A. The band M _{1 is then returned} to its original lower position, and the entire process is repeated as soon as a new object K is placed on the front part A of the table A.

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A duty cycle of the cams D ₅ , H ₁ ^ and M ^ is achieved during one complete revolution. As soon as the cams reach their respective initial rest position, the electromagnet drops and thereby holds the cams in their original position, whereupon they are ready for a repetition of the cycle described.

On the basis of the above description it is clear that the wrapping of an object or a plurality of objects K is carried out according to the invention in a simple and practical manner, since the objects do not have to be rotated or lifted after being placed on the table A. The devices described above can be modified and adapted according to the desired wrapping and according to the end use of the wrappings; For example, it is possible to design the device according to the invention in such a way that it can be installed on a production and packaging machine. In this case, the device is controlled by the devices which are connected upstream and downstream of the device in order to achieve an automatic work sequence. For example, the device G for controlling the unwinding of the web B can be provided with electrical contacts which in turn can be controlled by a cam which forms part of one of the two rollers G ₁ and O ₂ .

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Claims (16)

(Italy 21203 A / 67 prio: 3. 10. 67 12925 - 5776) W. R. Grace & Co. New York, N.Y., V.St.A. Hamburg, October 1, 1Q68 claims 1. A method for packaging objects in which one or more objects are wrapped in a sheet, the ends of which are fastened to one another above the object to be packaged, characterized in that the object (K) to be packaged is placed on the front end of a packing table (A ) so that the rear part of the object protrudes over the edge of the table, and wraps part of the object in the sheet (B) of packing material, which is unwound from a roll (C) arranged below the level of the table (A) where the free end (B ₁ ) of the sheet is fixed on the surface (K ^) of the back of the object to be packaged, whereupon the object (K) is moved forward along the packing table until the object has a discharge slot (Aj) for the sheet in which the table has passed, where the wrapping of the object to be packed is completed, and then, one of the other ^; \ b er the lapping areas of the sheet (B ^) and the end ("B ₁ ) already attached to the package beforehand" connects the sheet to be separated to enable the wrapped object to be removed ^ 909825/0930 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Side parts of the sheet folds and at least during the movement of the object along the packing table against the sides of the subject. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that da & man folds the sides of the sheet by hand. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that. that the free end (B ₁ ) of the arch between the surface of the packing table (A) and the bottom surface height CK ^) of the package is inserted so that the weight of the latter anchors this end tangled with the movement of the package along the packing table . 5 «Device for packing objects in sheet-like material, which has a packing table for placing the packages, a holder for holding a roll of packing material below the level of the packing table and a cutting device for cutting the packing material and separating the wrapped package for removing it from the packing table Contains, characterized in that the packing table (A) has at least one slot (A ₁ ) which extends across the table and a passage opening for the . γ ^ ^v: 90 9825/0 930 sheet material (B) that is unwound from the roll (C) and a stop (E) for aligning the packages (K) in a suitable stowage on the table (A) in relation to the slot (A ₁ ) for has the track so that the free end (B ₁ ) of the arcuate wrapping material can be anchored to the rear floor surface (X ^) of a packing piece before the object is moved along the table and over the slot Wrap an envelope around the underside of the item, and that a device is provided for welding the overlapping ends of the envelope over the package . 6, device enjoyed claim 5 »characterized by a device (Q) on the table (A) for controlling the length of the wrapping sheet (B) wrapped around the package (K), wherein the device (O) by the one Roll (C) unwound wrapping mai; erial (B) is driven. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the device (0) for controlling the particular N! Close to _{wrapping material used consists of a pair of rollers (O 1} and O ₂ ) which are attached to the table (A) and are located near the slot (A ₁ ) for the packing material to pass through and through the packing material passing through the slot 90 9 825/0930 be rotated, as well as an adjustable braking device (Ge to G ₁₀ ) for the rollers used to control the length of the impact arc. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that one of the rollers (G ₂ ) is supported in a _{spring guide (O 2} ,), "which presses the roller (Gg) against the other shaft (G ₁ ), which is rotatably mounted on a fixed axle together with a wheel (G ₁ -), an endless flexible element (Gg) being guided around the wheel to which a member (Gg) moving back and forth between a pair of adjustable stops (Gq and G ₁₀ ) is attached in such a way that the stops limit the rotation of the roller with a fixed axis (G ₁ ) when the turning arc (B) passes through the slot (A ₁ ) is withdrawn in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the packing table (A), while the roller (G ₂ ) can be moved away from the shaft with a fixed axis (Gj) and releases the latter when the material (B) is unwound in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the packing table (A). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the flexible element is a chain (Gg) and the link attached to it for the movement between the stops is a counterweight (Gg) through which the roller with a fixed axis (G ₁ ) BAD ORiGiNAL 909825/0930 /1 is turned back when this is released by the roller (O ₂ ). 10. Device according to claims 5 to 9 #, characterized in that the packing table is provided with an opening (Ag) located beyond the slot (A ₃ ), the device (D) for welding and cutting the envelope thereof opening is assigned. 11. The device according to claim 5 to 10, characterized in that the welding device consists of a heated rod (D 1) in coordination with a cutting part (E ₂ ). 12. The device according to ^ ß claim H ₁ dadurcn that the cutting part (D ₂ ) is designed so that cia.O the Einscnlagbogen (B) is separated before welding. 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that along the path of movement of the packing piece on the packing table Drive device is arranged, which also controls the operation of the welding and cutting device (D) when the The package is completely enclosed by the packaging material. 909825/0930 14. The device according to claim Ij5, characterized by a Conveyor system (M) behind the cutting device (D) for Ejection of the wrapped packages is arranged. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the conveyor system (M) is controlled by a stop (H) which can be actuated by the packed items. 16. The device according to claim I5, characterized by three Cams (De »Mn and EL) that work together one after the other with the welding and cutting device (D), with the conveyor device (M) for removing the wrapped packages and step into action with the stop (H) for the wrapped objects. 'igs s bb 90982b / 0930 Blank page