DE1792187A1 - Process for the production of proteins from oxygenated hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

, especially waeeerlOsllohen oxygenated f, as a prlalre source of carbon for this

Procedure. According to a special embodiment of the invention oxidized or partially oxidized hydrocarbon fractions such as liquid or gaseous petroleum oil and bring them then to produce high protein products together with microorganisms under fermentation conditions. The process can be carried out continuously or in batches will·

The global shortage of protein, especially cheap ones animal protein, for the nutrition of humans and animals is known. To remedy this protein deficiency, in recently various biosynthetic processes for biological production of protein by growing micro organisms on various carbonaceous nutrient media,

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developed. One of these methods is that one various microorganisms such as yeast or bacteria on nutrient media containing carbon hydrates. for this procedure however, large amounts of relatively expensive carbohydrates are required, which are quite expensive to manufacture and lead product prices.

According to another, more promising process for biological Synthesis of Protein for Food ^ Purposes one microorganisms on petroleum-containing culture media. This type of fermentative protein synthesis is generally carried out in an »aqueous biosynthesis bath duroh, which contains hydrocarbons; an aqueous living medium, oxygen, nitrogen and which otherwise nooh required and contains sewing materials is inoculated with the microorganism to be grown. In this process one starts from hydrocarbons, welohe are usually available in sufficient quantities and are cheaper than carbohydrates. It is also known in Fermentation processes use biological catalysts. - The inventive blosynthetisohe method can be used for Biosynthesis of all microorganisms are applied, which on oxygenated hydrocarbons, especially oxygenated Nutrient media containing petroleum hydrocarbons grow.

109Θ42 / 08Θ1

bath

For the inventive method, a Ieο the .various ten microorganisms are used »jedooh are particularly well suited for certain microorganisms the assimilation of oxygenated coal substances. These microorganisms are listed in the following tables 1 (bacteria) and 2 (yeasts) with their ATCC, CBS or QMB number. The identification numbers refer to X cultures of the American Type Culture Collection, Washington, D, C, USA (ATCC), of the Centraalbureau voor Sohimmeloultures, Baarn, Holland (CBS) and the Quartermaster Culture Collection, Katlok, Mass., USA (QMB).

109842/0891

BATH ORIGINAL Tab !! 1 - bacteria Department of Klaaae

Okay family

genus

Art

Protophyte * —SoMzosgrcates-p-Psaudononadelee — Paeudomonadaoeae Paeudononaa-r-llgustri

-pseudomall-

-Eubaotarialee · -tttoroooooaceae

Micrococeua-oerificana
Sareina ———— sp

Ihaalii
—Aonromobacteraeeae ^ Alcaligenea — sp

- ^ Corynebaoteriaoeaei-Cellunonaa—— galba

-Corynebaoterira — βρ

Uv.

-ATCC

-ATCC

ATCC

15523 1552 * I49 & 7

• ATCC -ATCC JWCC * ATCC

ipaurometeboltuB-ATCC

.Arthrobacte

T.

implex
sp

ATCC

iATCC

LAotlnoiayoataoeae.

• IQrooba c ter ium ~ rhodocbrous ------ sATCC

Nooardi «, sp
.sp

15528 155 »7 15525 15526

15529

I553O

6946

19140

13808

- 4th

Table 2 - Yeasts

Asoo- «ycetee

order

Bndomyoetalee

family

Bodo- aqreetaaeae

on CD

Under
famllle Sacoharo ~ - nyeetoideae

Generic genus group myoes Art Mr. ATCC 8766 myoopaeae aqroopsls ATCCI3053 oapsularls ATCC 2471 ATCCI3053 fibular ATCC 2080 javanensls ATCC 10628 mall —Saccharo- ~ r- Saocharo- biepora nyoeteae oererlsiae CBS rouxii ATCC 2624 exiguus ATCCl0599 taaroianus ATCCl0606 logos ATCCl0603 wlllianus ATCCIO598 uvarum ATCCl0612 fragilio ATCCl0022 lactis ATCC10689 roe egg ATCCl0664 chevalier! ATCCl0604 fermentatl ATCC 255I aoldifaclens (B) fruotuum elegans

Portmetsiin «- Table Z - Yeasts

order

family

Under «fainllie

Genus"·
group

genus

Art

Mr

- Hanaenula anomala CBS

saturnua ATCC 2379

■ uaveo ·

lens ATCC 9847

aehneggii callfoxv

—Pichia

nioa

ATCC IO68O

eubpelll.

oulosa ATCC 1 * 462

mrakll IBIRL Y-12 ailvloola CBS

* CBS

icembrana- *

• Faoien »ATCC 10649 _Cs

farino »a ATCC 2252 1 polyiDorpha ATCCI5158 fermentans ATCC 10651

Continued - Table 2 - Yeasts Department of Caaaa order family

ο <o OD

ro

cn CO

Subfamily OattungB- genus Art
group .

Mr.

ibaryomy

cee-

-Nadaonleae-Nadeonii

-NenatoB-poroldeae.

Hematoepora—

hanaenll
kloeckeri
«Ubgloboeue
vinl

nicotianae
• fulvesoen «
elongata

-ooryli

-ΙΑ pot toidea *

—- Crypto —- Crypto-j-Cryptooo— "• iBjperfecti ooooalea ooooaceae oooideae

Pungl-Lipomyoes-atakeyl

Crypto »- neoformans
eoccue

albioue
luteolua

ATCC

ATCC

CBS

CBS

ATCC

ATCC

ATCC

2557 10620

9564

10645

10644

ATCC 10647

ATCC 12659 ATCC 11259 ATCC 9981 ATCC Ϊ0666 ATCC 10671

Continued - Table 2 - Yeasts Department class order family

under- Oatt- genus
faailie group

Ir

—Torulopsis boladi

CO CO

K>

ο cn molisahiaxu

dattll *

ephaerica

fwaata

»Tellata

sake

globoaa

vereatilie

anomala

inoonaplcua

Erettanomytjee

ATCC 10670

ACC IO69I AfCC 13195 ASCC 256O ASCC I279O KMG 10673 ASCC 1 * 478

CBS

IO56O AICC 13563

ATCC 10559 ATCC 1056t

Continued - Table 2 - Yeasts Class department Order cases under- Oatt-

family group

ο «o et»

to O cn to

genus

Candid * -

Mr.

nyooderae ATCC
atcc 10641
9889 kruaei ASOC 2I59 mesenterloa ATCC IO569 tropicalia ATCC I569 pseudotropioali ATOC 2540 Suilliereondii (H) ATCC 9590 hunioola ATCC 14438 rugosa ATCC IO571 zeylanolde » ATCC 10674 pellieulosa ATCC 2149 utilis ATCC 9226 < lipolytica (E) ATCC 8662 C * carapsilcsla ATCC 7555 Stellatoidea ATCC 11006 robust scottl ATCC 10572 curveta ATCC 10567 olaussenii CBS solani ATCC 14440 ^ melibiosi CBS (D KJ

Porting ~ Table 2 - Yeasts

Class department

Order of the Uhter family

family

O CO OO

ro

O σι co genus genus Art
group

■ Kloeckera — a piculata
africana
corticis
javanica
lafarii
magna

JTrigonop-

Mr"

sis

Trichosporoideae - Tricho-Bporon

-Rhodotoruloideae .Rhodoto ·
rulla

.variablilis (C)

.pullulans

cutaneuo

infestans

he icetun

oapitajtum

fermentans

behrendli
.glutinis (0)

rubra

mucilaginosa

aurantiaca

rainuta

ATCC 1063 * ATCC 10632 ATCC 10635 ATCC IO636 ATCC IO638 ATCC 10640

CBS 1040

ATCC 1O67T ATCC 14255

ATCC
ATCC
ATCC
ATCC
ATCC
ATCC
ATCQ
ATCC
ATCC

10678

10663

10675

14465

2527

9449

2503

10657

IO658

Mlcroooccus ctrificanas (14987), which was developed by Dr. R.B. Kallio tt al. Journal of Bacteriology, Vol. 78 »Mon. 5, pp. 44l-448 (September 1959) Isolated and Identified 1st particularly suitable. This bacterium has the following additional characteristics:

Morphology: The cells are small and round and have the Propensity to be in nitrogen-rich ancient cultures and media assume an elliptical shape. Cells from defined media have an average diameter of 0.5 up to 1.0 micron and cells made from complex media have an average diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 microns. The cells occur individually or in clusters. Immobile metachromatic grains and pseudanophyllic grains were made not observed.

Qram Beaktlon: Negative. ,

The colonies on defined agar are small (1 mm), round convex with a whole border. The colonies on nutrient agar are larger (2 to 5 am), raised niuköe and generally round.

Within a species there can be many different races due to variations or natural or induced Mutations are present.

The morphology and wholesomeness of others in the

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Organisms listed above are in the United States patent 3 508 035.

The growth media consist of a mineral salt containing aqueous medium and excess oxygen, the oxygen can be present in any of the inoculated microorganisms easily assimilable form introduced flocks. Oxygen-containing compounds can also act as oxygen suppliers can be used as long as they support the growth of microorganisms ~ do not affect the cells and the conversion of the oxidized hydrocarbons in microorganism cells. Of the Oxygen can be in the form of an oxygen-containing oase such as air at atmospheric pressure or elevated pressure or as oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content up to 70 to 9OJ6 can be fed. In general are about 0.1 to about 10 and preferably about 0.8 to, About 2.4 parts of air per minute per volume of liquid introduced into the reactor in the fermenter. ·

The presence of nitrogen is important for biological growth. Any organic nitrogen source can be used as a nitrogen source or inorganic nitrogen-containing compound can be used, which nitrogen is grown in one of the Microorganisms releases metabolisoh usable form «For this

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organic nitrogen compounds such as proteins, acid-hydrolyzed proteins, enzymatic, are suitable Digested proteins, amino acids, yeast extracts, asparagine and urea “Suitable inorganic nitrogen compounds are ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid or salts thereof such as ammonium phosphates, ammonium citrate, Ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium acid pyrophosphate. A very advantageous method of introducing nitrogen is to use ammonium hydroxide, Ammonium phosphate or acid ammonium phosphate; the latter can be added in the form of the salt itself or by introducing or adding ammonia gas to the nutrient solution Ammonium hydroxide to the nutrient solution, which was previously mixed with phosphoric acid, in situ in the aqueous solution Fermentation medium are generated. In this way, the desired pH range of 5.0 to 8.5 is maintained and the necessary nitrogen is provided. If yeasts are used as microorganisms, the preferred pH range between 5.0 and 7 # 5 and in particular between 4.0 and 5.0. When using bacteria as Microorganisms is a pH between 5.0 and 8.5> e.g. of 7.0, advantageous. Ammonium hydroxide can be used in amounts from about 0.08 to 0.20, and preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.15 g of nitrogen per g of dried cells produced

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be given to the bioeynthesis bath. This corresponds approximately 0.01 to about 1.0% by weight and preferably about 0.1 to about 0.15% by weight of nitrogen on the entire biosynthesis bath.

In addition to oxygen and nitrogen, you also need the required amounts of certain mineral nutrients be available in the nutrient medium in order to achieve the desired growth of the microorganisms and the greatest possible assimilation to achieve the oxidized hydrocarbons through the microorganism cells “So must in the aqueous living medium Potassium, sodium, iron, magnesium, calcium, manganese, phosphorus and other nutrients may still be contained, which on in any manner and preferably in the form of their aqueous salts.

For example, potassium can be added as potassium chloride, potassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium citrate, potassium acetate or potassium nitrate. Most of the phosphorus is generally added as ammonium phosphate. When using ammonium phosphate or acidic ammonium phosphate, this also serves as a nitrogen and phosphorus supplier for the growing microorganism cells _e

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The composition of the fermentateJonsmediurae, in particular for bacteria, at the beginning of the fermentation, for example, can be in the following areas:

component Concentration in g per liter 5 more common * 7-I3 more preferred • possible 05 area O.2-O.9 Ready area C5 5-80 ' 0.005-0.04 10-50 oxygenated
Hydrocarbon
fabrics 4-120 Z TO 0.2-0.6
0.005-0.04 2-8 K ₂ HPO ₄ O.5-I5 0.005-0.04 8-12 (NH ₄ I ₂ HPO ₄ 515 loo wt. * 0.3-0.8 Na ₂ SO ₄ 0.1-1.0 O.OI-O.O3 FeSO ₄ .7Hg ^ 0.002-0. O.3-O.5
Ο.Ολ-0.03 MgSO ₄ ^ H ₂ O
MnSO ₄ .7HgO 0.1-0.7
0.002-0. 0.Ολ-0.03 NaCl 0.002-0. water Differen

The following mineral nutrients may also be contained in trace amounts:

1 0 9 S 4 2/0 5 9 1

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Component part possible
area Concentration In me; ^ liiter 0-0.4
0-0.06
0-1.2 more common
area more preferred
area ZnSO ₄ .H ₂ O
Na ₂ MoSO ₄ . HgO
CoCl ₂ 0-0.08 0-0.2
0-0.05
0-1.1 ■ X- ■
0-0.2
0-0.04
0-1.2 H ₃ BOj 0-0.2 0 »0.07 0-0.06 CuSO ₄ .5H ₂ O 0-0.14 04 .25 0-0.2 CaCl ₂ -OH ₂ O 0-0.01 oo. ι? 0-0.12 NiCI ^ .6H ₂ O P-O.008 0-0.006

The necessary and possible nutrients can of course also may be added in the form of salts or acids other than those specified above.

A very satisfactory nutrient medium is, for example
manufactured as follows:

-Medium: (NH ₄ I ₂ HPO ₄ g / l tap water K ₂ HPO ₄ ""'■■''ler^{; :} '"■' ■ Na ₂ SO ₄ * ■■ "■ 'ι' 0.5

This mixture is mixed with 10 ml / liter of the following "saline solution A ^w :

109642/0591

g / l distilled water

40

PeSO ^. 71 ^ 0 2

2 NaCl ♦ 2

The P ₁ medium has a pH of 7 »8. In a modification, the phosphate is added in the form of phosphoric acid.

In the case of yeasts, the following media I, II and III achieved satisfactory results}

Medium It g / l tap water

NaHPO ₄ UaH ₂ O 2.5

KH ₂ PO ₄ 3.5

MgUO ₄ -TK ₂ O 1.0

MaCl 0.5

5.0

the pH is adjusted to 6.5.

Medium II »

This medium has the same composition as medium I,

However, 0 _v 001ji yeast extract is still used as a growth substance

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Medlu »HI; This medium also has the same composition as medium I, but 2 ppn biotin is added as a growth substance.

The growth substances are added to the Orundmedlun «to the Accelerate growth of various yeasts.

When microorganisms are first cultivated on oxygenated hydrocarbons as the primary carbon source, sometimes they are heavy so that it is necessary « Microorganisms to use as a vaccine, which beforehand were grown on the same nutrient medium and are adapted to this. In addition, microorganisms themselves in particular yeasts, which in the presence of one of the required levels aqueous minerals containing teaching elements Medium cultivated, manoh times difficult, since the KUltür does not contain the welfare factors found in carbohydrate flour are front odors, unless »mti» sets the * · wuehefaittoreo do. ^

The waohatua of the yeasts used is determined by adding very low quantity yeast extract (one of the vital

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Nutrilites, i.e. the product rich in growth substances obtained by hydrolysis of a yeast) or, more generally, the essential ones Nutrilites promoted to the culture medium. The grooves or growth substances include biotin, pantothenic acid, Nicotinic acid, thiamine, inositol and pyridoxine. The yeast extract is generally, based on the aqueous fermentation medium, added in amounts of the order of 25 ppm. Depending on the selected growth conditions, this amount can of course also be bigger or smaller. It can be with the individual microorganisms may also be necessary to add a small amount of antifouling agent to the growth medium.

The temperature of the Biosynthesebades can, depending on the microorganism used is between about 20 ⁰ C and about 55 ° C, however, be in bacteria "temper" temperatures of about 25 ° C to about 45 ° C, eg about 35 ° C, are preferred. The pH value is preferably in the range from 5.5 to 8.5, for example 7 * 0 «

When using yeast, the temperature is, depending on the cultured microorganism is between about 20 ⁰ C and 47 ° C, however, temperatures in the range of about 20 ⁰ C to 40 ⁰ C, for example 30 ⁰ C, preferably. The pH value is in the range from 3.0 to -7.5 and preferably between 4.0 and 5.0, for example about 1.5.

1 0 % 8 A 2/0 5 9 1
ORIGINAL BATHROOM

17S2187

In the known cr * entation processes, which are processed using hydrocarbons, the greatest difficulty is that the coal fuels are insoluble in water and therefore high energy levels and / or non-hot emulsifiers are required, the hydrocarbon phase can be used well to keep the pergiert. This is particularly important if high remote action sensitivities or high cell yields are to be achieved. In addition, a considerable amount of water develops in these processes, which must be removed, which is usually done with available cooling water, but is extremely uneconomical.

Many of these sewing parts, which when using, straight chain Hydrocarbons occur »can be eliminated and the process can be made much more flexible are used when partially oxidized carbons are used as the fuel, which are made of one Alcohol, see B * Ethanol, or Hiacbunge "from alcohols" Aldehydes, ketones, setters, xethers and syllables exist lcoons. as mentioned earlier, there is an advantage of the method according to the invention therein »da0 - da die

Conversion of hydrocarbons to oxidized compounds

takes place with the development of heat and these oxidized

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Compounds represent intermediate products in the phenantation process - the one developed during this preliminary transformation Heat of reaction before the actual permentation process can be removed in the desired orade. This leads to a very advantageous reduction in the development of heat in the fermentation process, which between about 10 and 2Q $ lies. Other advantages of using oxygenated «! Starting materials are the reduction of the

required Mlsohenergie, since the solubility of the nutrient is substantially increased by the oxidation, and the reduction in the amount of air required.

The source of carbon and preferably the only coal « source of material for the fermentation process according to the invention are oxygenated hydrocarbons, which are not made from Carbohydrates such as sugars or starch or cellulose consist.These oxygenated hydrocarbons should be more than 50Ji, preferably more than £ 80 and especially 100% of the required Deliver carbon. They can consist of alcohols,% ketones, aldehydes, prayers and acids, preferably Sue compounds bit about 1 to 50 carbon atoms la molecule which are obtained by oxidation of petroleum fractions. Oxygenated hydrocarbons are preferred, welohe from "crude oil fractions with about 2 to 20 coals *

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atoffatoeen lit molecule can be obtained · in particular Alcohols old 2 to 10 carbon atoms 1 »molecule and, above all «ethyl alcohol preferred.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawing, in which an embodiment of the procedure scheraatisoh presented iat.

In this process, a hydrocarbon fraction such as light maphtha or a C ^ -C ^ g fraction is introduced through a line 1 into an oxidation zone 10. In the present case, the oxidation zone is operated at elevated temperature and lower conversion per pass. The oxidation can be catalytic or non-catalytic and, if necessary, carried out in the presence of free boric acid or boron oxide compounds which promote the formation of alcohols in the oxidation zone.In this case, hydrolysis and boric acid removal are carried out before the alcohol extraction described below. Duroh a line 2, air is fed into the Oxydatlonssone "The Teeperatür twiachen is about 120 ° and 205 ° C, for example at about 163 ⁰ C, The pressure in the zone 10 is at about 1.05 to 17 * 5" tu, xB held at about 8.75 atu, ".

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JAVMOFIO OAB BAD OBIQiNAL.

The reaction products of the oxidation are passed through a pipe 3 sucked out of zone 10 and into an extraction zone introduced. They contain about 10 to 15 pounds of oxidized products, which introduced a line 4 into zone 20 with a duroh large amount of water can be extracted. The water is used in an amount of 1 to 90 parts by volume, e.g. J5 to Parts by volume such as 9 parts by volume per part by volume introduced through the line 5 partially oxidized product is used. The extractant supplied through line 4 can consist of pure water, but preferably a nutrient solution of the type described above is used. By a Line 5 becomes a base, preferably before the extraction such as ammonia supplied in such an amount that in the Any acids present in the solution are completely neutralized.

Since the oxygenated compounds are much more soluble in water than the straight-chain hydrocarbons, During the extraction with water all oxidation products become selectively removed from the reaction mixture. Highly implemented * Hydrocarbons are withdrawn from zone 20 through a line and preferably through line 7 into the oxidation zone 10 lead to Uok. The extract becomes duroh a Line θ withdrawn from zone 20 and into a fermentation zone 30 introduced. Duroh a pipe 15 will be so much water

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and required sals · added that the desired Ferwaiatatlonabondungen be achieved,

Under certain conditions it can be useful that To lead the extract through a line 9 into a zone 40, where if it is wiped off with air, it is fed in through a line 11 and a line 13 is withdrawn. The air can then be used again as oxidation air in zone 10. The stripped products are passed through a pipe 12 withdrawn from zone 40 and passed through line 8 into fermentation zone JO. The protein product will then withdrawn through a line 14 from the fermentation zone JO. Harvesting the protein cells from the Fermentation solution can then take place in different ways, for example in two stages. Aan first separates the cells from the supernatant liquid from what, for example, by centrifugation (e.g. in an empty container), liquid cyclones (or hydrocyclone), evaporation (e.g. as a trickle fil * or Wiping film), filtering (e.g. micropocenf titration, dialysis, reverse osmosis), flocculation, settling and decanting (e.g. by adding flocculants ^ coagulants or filtration aids or duroh pH or tea temperature reductions) or other separation processes or combinations this procedure can be done. The separated cell concentrate

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179Z187

can then be dried, for example by spray drying, Drum drying, freeze drying, vacuum drying, tray dryer, oven drying or other drying methods or combinations of these methods. Regardless of which of the above methods for separating and Drying of the protein cells was used, the method according to the invention proved to be extremely economical, as there are no special and cumbersome separation processes and no washing out with surfactants to remove unreacted nutrients and by-products requires (although these treatments can also be carried out within the broader scope of the invention) to a finished product with a very high protein content and no contaminants harmful to humans or animals obtain·

During the pre-oxidation of the substances supplied to the peraentation process Hydrocarbons · alcohols, aldehydes, ketones ·, ethers and related acids ·· * and ester compounds are formed. Through this the loss of starting material in the remote ventilation air is reduced, as is the fermentation tent shortened · For a given number of carbon atoms, the oxygenated compounds have a significantly lower rate Vapor pressure than the corresponding hydrocarbons.

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In addition, owing to their high solubility in water, the oxygen compounds only exert a small fraction of their oesant vapor pressure when they are in dilute aqueous solutions, while the hydrocarbonaceous substances exert their own vapor pressure at low concentrations due to their very low water solubility. As a result, the air passed through the fermentation solution absorbs significantly less oxygenated hydrocarbons than ordinary hydrocarbons. This not only leads to a strong reduction in losses down to zero if the outflowing air is washed with water or an aqueous solution, but also practically eliminates the risk of fire and explosion that always exists when hydrocarbons are old in certain proportions be mixed. _ψ

Bel * erfindungsgeeAseen method, the WHree development la Fereentator elao vm about 10 to ysjk is lowered.

The main idea of the present invention is thus

in the use of oxygenated substances such as oxygenated tea

natural gas and oxygenated BrdOlkohlenwesseratoffraktioaen

«With boiling points up to approx. * 85 ° C and especially aolohen

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with about 1 bi »JO carbon atoms, these can consist of alcohols, esters, aldehydes, ketones and acids. Preferred oxygenated compounds are the alcohols and especially ethyl alcohol .. Other well-suited oxygenated compounds are, for example, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, acetic acid , Glycols, Huüyialkohcl, Aceton, Oebanoi, Carprinaäure, the "ibutyl ester of sebacic acid and Dimethylad! Pat. Suitable alkali oils are, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, straight-chain and branched primary C 1-4 alcohols, 2 ° A * thylhexanol, Iaooctylalkohol, Olykol, glycerol, cyclohexanol, of normal or isoparaffins derived secondary C. ^ - to C, _Q alcohols, secondary alcohols Monoäthoxylate and crotyl alcohol (unsaturated C ^ -alcohol} Suitable ketones and aldehydes are acetone, methyl ethyl ketone , Methyl isobutyl ketone, isoborneone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, stearylaldehyde, laurylaldehyde, acetaldehyde and crotonaldehyde (unsaturated Cj ₁ -ald ehyd). Suitable acids are acetic acid, propionic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, * linoleic acid, arachidic acid, toluic acid, oxalic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, malonic acid, hexahydroraellitic acid and crotonic acid (unsaturated C ^ acid). Suitable esters are, for example, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl stearate, glycol acetate, isopropyl val ^ riate,

109842/0591 BATH ORIGINAL

Dimethyl phthelet, oleoperyl trioleate and aek. _{C 12 alcohol acetate.} Examples of suitable ethers are ethoxylates, diethyl ethers, tetrahydrofuran and Dlieοpropylather.

Natural gases such as methane, ethane, propane and butane can be oxidized with air to alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, ethers and acids using known processes, for example a "solid sprinkling process or in a reactor with a packed bed". As already mentioned, is preferably oxidized substrates of Kohlenwasserstoffraktlonen having about 1 are used cleats to JO carbon atoms, and especially those from 1 to 5 carbon · The oxygenated compounds may natürlioh to other catfish and by other methods of de «a C ₁ - to C ₅₀ -Carbon hydrogen is produced. . *

Okygenists are also familiar with the invention-based tea process Crude oil fractions are used, for example such with the following composition:%

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1792T87

, ·. \ Mieohung A - Oxygenated Compounds

Methyl alcohol 56.6 * acetone Ethyl alcohol 8.1 Ethyl acetate 2.7 Methyl acetate Dleethylpropane o> tert-butyl alcohol 0.3 Methyl ethyl ketone 0.3 Methyl isopropenyl ketone 0.3 water 0.3

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples: Example 1

Bs was a series of continuous aerobic · Feraentationsversuohe using the P performed ₁ "medium and ethyl alcohol as einsiger carbon source. The temperature was maintained at 35 ⁰ C and the pH by addition of Ammoniuothydroxyd to 7.0. Oer energy consumption was due to the solubility of the Xthanole in Permentatlonsmedium below 3.5 PS / 100 Osllonen broth. The oxygen consumption was below Ifc per g cell yield due to the use of oxygenated * hydrocarbons. The yield was about 0.6 g cells per g ethanol. The results are shown in detail in Table 3 below

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Trial Dwell time growth ethanol Yield hours total ia starting g cell end material g ethanol fi / l / h _

1 2.0 e, 3 2.8 0.60

2 1.5 10.5 2.6 0.59

3 1.5 10.3 2.6 0.55

A continuous process can therefore be carried out with little energy consumption.

When using a C ^ g-hydrocarbon fraction, at growth rates corresponding to this low energy input only by introducing large amounts of oxygen, i.e. about three times as much oxygen as with the Use of ethanol, can be achieved (see example 4), This reduced oxygen utilization when using straight-chain hydrocarbons is due to the increased resistance against the mass transfer by the presence of an additional% hydrocarbon phase.

Example 2 Further continuous aerobic peroentation attempts were made

in the same manner as in Example 1 using the

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Pj medium and about 2 liters of ethanol or paraffin lngemisoh. The paraffin length had the following composition:

Geredkettlee Paraffins 1 , 6 ° 13 32 , 3 ^C l » «/ ~ ^C 16 22nd , 6 8th .1 C ₁₈ 0 .8th ° 19 0.01 Aromatics. under

The results of these tests are given in Table k below.

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Table 4 Carbon source!

Application of the dried cells flew JS -χ

Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol
Ethanol

Paraffin isoh
Paraffin compound
Paraffin isob
Parafflngenieoh

Oeeautproteln - (K χ 6.85)

76.6 78.7 77.0 78.8

85 ^ 6

66.5 65.6 61.8 68.0

Oily fat

4.0

6.0

2.3 3.1 5.6

12.1 15.0 17.4 19.9

ash

J, 4.20

} .9β 4.10

4.70 4.14

The table above shows that when using ethanol significantly higher protein yields can be achieved. Besides is the fat content of the product is significantly lower when using ethanol.

Example ?

There were further continuous aerobic Fementatlonsversuohe carried out, whereby wlederua comparisons swisohsn de »equate Paraffin mixture as in Example 2 and ethanol and also xwisohen one relatively low energy input of 3 hp / 100 oallons and one relatively high energy input of 10 PS / Oallonen were employed. In each case 20% of ethanol were again used in paraffinee * ieoh In a P. mediua used. The results of these experiments are in the following table 5 siis isswngea divides »

109842/0591

BATH

ar ' ■ '- ■ -, Table 5 «• ohstuwe- selectivity - with ethanol and paraffin C.
* - Analysis of the dry cells ash
% ι Qesant-t: AolnoV
fatty acids
%% 60
55 H ₂ O
%
W, psAoo Comparative Fementation Attempts swift
dlgkelt g cells g cells
Per g per g C
Starting in
substrate substrate 0 _o content O ^ -Ver- 44.9 N 2.4
4.7 8.7
3.2 48
34 •
4.5
7.2 Galln. Substrate 8.1
10.5 0.70 1.34
0.59 1.13 ti
the ImT ^ t need 50.3
55.4 11.2
12.5 M.
24.8 16.0
20.6 52
52 iV 3 8.5
10.7 0.71 0.83
0.54 0.64 41.0
57.0 48,
32, 47.0
44.7 3.2
7.0 4.7
4.7 47 5: 1 Ethanol 10.6
9.4 0.59 1.13
0.58 1.11 70.8
78.0 46.2
50.4 ^u ·?
12.4 3.6
5.9 8.6
22.1 4.4
10.1 co
co 10 paraffin 11.2
9.3 0.94 1.10
0.71 0.83 48.0
42.3 49,
57, 9.4
10.7 IO 10 Ethanol 49.5
53.0 45,
51, CJ
cn
co paraffin , 0
7th I. , 0
► 0 , 7
, 0

- 54 -

The values in Table 4 show that when used ethyl alcohol can produce unexpected beneficial results compared to the use of paraffin. So became the cell yield in g per g of carbon in the substrate increased from 0.83 to 1.34 with 3 FS / 100 oallons. Likewise were beneficial results in terms of oxygen content of the product. These benefits are significant at relatively low horsepower, such as examples at around 1-8 horsepower and in particular 3-4PS / 100 oallons showed.

These values show the same advantages in quality of the product as described above for oxygenated substrates shown, i.e. lower fat content and higher content of amino acids and total ticket off. Also goes the improvement of the penultation effect from the values when using oxygenated substrates. This is shown in particular by the values for the low mixing energy (3 PS / 100 Oallonen) that when using Xthanol lower oxygen concentration ^ to achieve the same guard *% tuasses owlndigkelt than are necessary for η-paraffins » The advantages of using oxygenated substrates with low energy consumption go in particular from dea closest example.

109862/0591

BAD OWQiN ^ ÖiHO QAS Example "

Ea further continuous aerobic permeation tests were carried out using a P ₁ medium and ethanol at 25 ° C. with Micrococcus cerifloans. The percentage increase in oxygen consumption compared to the use of an n-paraffin substrate is shown by curve 1 in the accompanying drawing.

Since the ethanol in Fernentatlonsmedium 1st soluble, the Fermentetor when using Xthanol e ⁿ s comprises a substrate phase is less than when using η-Pa raff ynes. As a result, when ethanol is used as the only source of carbon and the same supply of energy, the resistance to the wet transition is reduced and the acidic utilization is increased. When using Xthanol instead of n-paraffins, the oxygen consumption is increased by 210J * with an energy supply of> PS / 100 gallons (see curve 1). From this it follows that in order to achieve the same growth rate as the same low energy supply when using n-paraffins, the driving force for the oxygen cup transition would have to be increased. According to the results obtained, when η-paraffins are used, about three times the oxygen "tightness" would have to be continuously introduced into the permentator.

109842/0591

BATH

to achieve the same cell yield. Without enrichment The incoming gas flow with oxygen could have the same growth rate, only by increasing it the energy supply can be obtained. So with the same Cell build-up and inflowing oxygen concentration through the use of ethanol due to its solubility in the Fercientationemedlum the NaaaenUbergang weeentllch promoted and enables fermentation to be carried out with significantly lower energy input. Oa this one Advantages based on the solubility of «ethanol can concluded that with other soluble substrates the same advantages can be achieved.

Example 5

Eicosan (C ₂₀ ) was oxidized using a potassium peroanganate solution containing a small amount of sodium hydroxide; The solution containing the elosan was blown with air for about 4 hours at the tea temperature

the Löoung ISO was ⁰ C. The response warning miMe old

ν "Sodium hydroxide neutralized and" water added.

_{An aqueous PhSSe 4} containing the acids formed and was drained off. The remaining oil was treated with hexane and extracted again with water. Because

1098A2 / 0691

SADORlQfNAt

the hexane was removed and a phase of oxygenated C ₁₂ -C ₁ g carbon dioxide was separated off. In a P ₁ medium, welohes based \ on Kohlenetoff% of oxygenated C contained ₁₂ -Cjg compounds, was grown at 30 ⁰ C with a stirring speed of 300 rev / min Micrococcus cerificans (14987). The cells · yield was 3.46 g / l. This is the maximum achievable yield based on the amount of carbon present. The vital ones obtained with this substrate

Amino acids are compared to those with a C-carbon

16 amino acids obtained hydrogen fraction as substrate

reproduced in the following table 6.

Table 6

_Vital C l6 carbon oxygenated f> increase amino acids hydrogen C ^ -C ^ Yer ·

3.2 ties 15th Isoleucine 5.0 3.7 10 Leucine 4.6 5 * 5 2 Lysine 2.5 2.8 12th Phenylalanine 2.3 2.4 4th Tyrosine 0.7 40 Cystine 1 ^ 4 1.6 14th Methionine 3.7 4.1 11 Threolin 3.7 4.4 19th Valine

By using the oxygenated compounds in the Compared to the C, ^ hydrocarbon, the content of

109842/0591

Sulfur amlnoa cures (cystine and methionine) accordingly 21Ji increased and overall a general increase in essential amino acids.

Example 6

In a P ^ medium with 1% of the mixture of oxygenated compounds described above as "Mixture A", Micrococcus cerlficans (14987) was grown at 150 ° C. and 200 rpm. A cell yield of 2.66 g / l was achieved. This is the maximum achievable cell yield, assuming that the microorganism cells consist of 30% carbon and half of the carbon is converted into COg. Micrococcus ceriflcans grown on the mixture of oxygenated compounds showed a substantial increase in the sulfur amino acid content, namely by $ 14, and in the protein content by $ 14 compared to that grown on a C ^ g hydrocarbon fraction. This can be seen from the following table 7:

Table 7

ino acid
Sulfur amino acids lysine (N χ 6.25)

Substrate μ Amino acid per 100 g protein total protein *

C ₁₆ -carbons- 1.86 4.57 61.7

hydrogen

Mixture A (oxy- 2.12 5.01 72.2

generated connections)

*) Determination according to JCJeldahl.

109842/0591

As can be seen from Examples 5 and 6, Micrococoue grows oerlflcana based on a mixture of oxygenated compounds. The harvested microorganism has a high protein content, a high content of essential amino acids and a good distribution of those beneficial for nutrition Amino acids.

Example 7

A series of aerobic Fermentatlonsver £ u chen using a P- "medium and various oxygenated hydrocarbons at a temperature of t'rwa carried out 30 ⁰ C. Micrococcus cerifleans (14987) was used as the microorganism.

The protein content, the index of the essential amino acids and the amino acid profile of the microorganisms grown on the various pure oxygenated hydrocarbons were determined according to the usual methods and calculated on the usual catfish « _%

The percentage protein content was determined from the nitrogen content determined by the Kjeldahl method in% by weight of the cells by multiplying this content by 6.23 calculated. The index of the vital AndnosMuren in the

109842/0591

BATH ORIGINAL

~ 40 -

harvested cells were taken according to the usual procedure Determined to use Si as a basis for comparison. Si will ale Ideal protein with an index of vital Amino acids of 100.0 considered.

The determination of the arainoacid profile of the harvested cells was carried out ohromatographiach for all specified components with the exception of tryptophan, which is microbiologically

was determined.

The results of these investigations are shown in Table 8 below.

109842/0591

BAOORfQlNAt Table 8

On different oxygenated ethyl .- 6.5 Connections of cultivated Mlcrooocfeus verificans • 5.76 Cetyl methyl 7.4 & ek. Ieo » 6.2 Nonoal methyl Notice conditions alcohol 4.2 • alcohol alcohol 5.1 Butyl propyl 4.1 propyl ethyl Substrate (IJt related 7.9 Oleic acid 7.0 alcohol . alcohol 6.1 alcohol ketone on carbon) 3.69 0.1 5.58 _ P. 0.1 6.96 0.3 6.7 4.62 0.3 4.40 1.41 0.3 1.01 1.25 Cell weight, 8.8 4.2 10.8 g / 1/24 hours 3.5 7.6 g-amino acid each 3.6 100 g protein 3l4 g / 1/48 hours
« 2.3 0.2 6.1 5.5 2.1 5.9 5.2 amino acids 4.6 0.4 4.8 3! 4th 3.3 2.1 4.1 * Alanine 6.1 8.4 6.3 5.6. 6.2 4.6 6.4 5.3 Arginine w, -w
3.5 ° 5 0.2 3.8 0.1 0.2 ^ AsparsglnsMure 0.4 3.1 0.4 l !? 0.0 1.3 0.5 0 A Cysteinic acid 3.7 9.4 0.2 6.5 0.1 8.2 5.9 * Cystine 3.4 5.2 ^, ^
3.3 \ #, b
2.6 ^w , "^
3.2 2.4 3.3 2.9 Qlutas) 1 ntiMtint 2.3 3.3 3.3 2.5 1.6 2.7 Glycine 1> 2.7 2.7 2.3 3.0 2.5 Histidine 2.7 0.1 3.9 4.3 3.5 5.4 3.7 Isoleucine 6.6 ", *
2.9 4.1 2.0 4.8 2.0 4.3 4.6 Leucine ; n.a. 2.6 1.6 4.3 0 3.1 1.6 0.8 IjTS in 78.75 3.1 0.2 0.72 0.3 0.78 0.3 0.3 Methionine 4 68.4 2.6 69.75 2.6 64.50 2.5
2.4 M ȣ ti ^ QFiI Ttsu3 foxytf 2 ^ 4 55.2 2.7 47.0 2.6 2% Phenylalanine 3.4 111 2.6 2.8 2.6 Erolln 1.12 2.9 3.1 2.1 3.2 Serine 44.63
57.9 2.1 1.8 4.0 1.8 Threonine 3.5 n.b. 3.0 Tyrosine 0.67 o ', 67 67.60 n.b. Valine 74.13 55.00 53.5 55 * 63 Tryptophan 51.3 50.3 45 1 Oily protein (Mx6.25) * ff TtTif dorrt πφ *

nb · m ntmta, Destiset

The table above shows that according to the inventive method of cultured ItLcrocoocus oeriflcans the valuable combination of high protein content of over , High Index of Vital Amino Acids from Over and amino acid profile advantageous for harvesting purposes Koraus continues to demonstrate the usefulness of the invention for the blosynthetic production of protein on KuBerat Host liability way emerges. The invention is suitable alao especially for the production of protein-rich Products «with high nutritional value for human and animal · Nourishment.

Example 8

There were further carried out aerobic fermentation experiments using a P -Mediums with 9 different bacteria at a temperature of 30 ⁰ C and an initial pH of I _9. 8 Ethyl alcohol was used as the substrate. The nitrogen content, the protein content, the index of
The essential amino acid and the amino acid profile were determined in the same manner as in Example 7. The results are shown in Table 9 below.

109842/0591

Table 9 Various microorganisms grown on ethyl alcohol

Fermentation conditions

Microorganism, ATCC-Kr. 15528 15522 15523 15524 15525 15526 15527 - 191 * 0

QMB no. - - - - 1518

na ethyl alcohol

Cell weight & / 1 / 9A hrs. G / 1/48 hrs.

amino acids

- »Alanine ° arginine

"'Aspartic Acid

^ Olutamic acid coiycin

"^ Isoleucine" iLeucine lysine methionine

Methionine sulfoxide Phenylalanine

Proline Serine Threonine Tyrosine Valine

Total Protein (Nx6.25) Amino acid index

1.6 1.6

4.04 3 * 6

6.7 7.1

5.9

5.0

6.5
0.2
0.3
7.6

3.1

§ ' ⁵
4.5
1.6
0.3
2.6
2.4
2.8

2.9
2.2

67 ^ 63
54.1

1.6

3.94
8.0

1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

1.6 1.6

4 _f 38 3 * 28 3.32 3.70 1.08 1.5 8.5 7.07 6.0 6.85 2.22 3.2

k amino acid per 100 g protein

6.2

0.1

0.4

9.3

3.5 3.3 2.7

1.8

0.3 2.4

2.5 2.7 3.0 2.1

68, '63 52.7

0.1
0.4

8.8
3.7
3.2
3.1
5.9

2.6
2.8

2.4

4.1
68.69
57.5

6.2

5.3

7.0

0.1

2 · ⁵
8.0

3.7
3.1
3.1

1: 1

1.4
0.6
2.6
2.4
2.8
3.2
2.2

3.9
68.31
56.3

0, t)

0.5
8.2
3.3
1.6
3.0

, 3
1.6
0.3
2.5
2.4

2.6
2.8
2.1

67 ^ 56
52.9

6.5
5.2
6.7
0.2
0.4
8.6
3.8
3.1
3.1

1.7
0.3
2.7

2.5
3.0

3.1
2.3

4.1
68.75
57.1

6.2 4.7 6.5 0.1 0.4 8.6 3.4 2.5

"4

0.4 2.7 2.8 2.2

3.9 2.1 4.0

67.69 56.3

5.0 4.0

5.5 0.1 0.2 16.9 3.7 3.0 1.8 3.4 6.9 0.9 0.1 1.5 2.5

2.6 1.2 3.2

§S » ⁹

44.1

1792117

-M-

Table 9 shows that the various tested Bacteria easily woke up to a pure oxygenated hydrocarbon. All nine had microorganisms a high protein content of over 650, a high index of vital amino acids of over 45 # and one amino acid profile beneficial for nutritional purposes.

Example 9 A number of aerobic fermentation attempts have been made Using the media I, II and III and ethanol at 30 ⁰ C

performed with the following yeasts · The pH was between 3 and 6.5 and preferably between 4 and held.

A. Saccharomycee cerevislae - CBS B. Sacoharomyces acidifaciena - ATCC 8766 C. Trlgonopeis variabllls - IiCC 10679 D. Hansenula anomalous - CBS E. Candida lipolytic ca - ASCC 8662

F. Candida puloherrina - AfCC 9889 0. Rhodotorula glutinls - ATCC 2587 H. Candida guillieraondil - AtCC $ 3tg®

The nitrogen content, the protein content, the In <! Ex of the essential amino acids and the amino acid content were determined as in Example 7. The result ·· »iodine in the following Tables 10 to IJ

e o.m

Different on Table 10 I. II II III 8.2 Β « Saccharomyces acidifaciens protein 5.8 II II ΙΙΪ III Fermentation conditions 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 5.0 (Zygosaochapomyces) 5.2 10.2 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 yeast Ethyl alcohol grown yeasts 4.9 6.8 7.2 6.9 9.9 I. I. 5.1 6.6 6.2 7.7 8.3 6.0 medium 72 72 72 96 0.9 1.6 1.6 8.0 0.3 72 72 72 72 ml of ethyl alcohol Amino acid 100 g each 0 2.1 4.5 0.3 0.5 Cell weight, g / l 5.4 7 7 6.7 11 6 96 96 0.6 8.8 9.4 6.8 5.5 5 "5 Feeentation since, hours 5.2 5 ^ 0 4.1 4.3 8 7 3.1 3.5 5.1 3.8 5 * 8 amino acids t \, Saccharomyces cerevislae 7.1 8.6 7.8 3.2 2.9 8.2 7.3
0.4 7.4 -Λ ^A l # nvti » T
X 0.2 0.2 0.2 6.7 3.2 3.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0 ^ 4 O
ro Arginine 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.7 6.9 3.3 5.0 0.4 10 5 0.7 0.4 * · *
GD Aspartic acid 6.3 10.5 1 "5." 5 12. "5 1.2 5.7 6.0 11.2 3.3 8.4 8.0 Cysteic acid 4? * ^χ *, •
3.0 3.9 3.6 0.5 7.2 1.0 8.7 2.7 3.4 3.0 to Cystine 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.8 1.2 0.6 2.0 3.1 2.8 2.5
3.4 ft T ι ιίΐ ah1 η fi αϊ ι τ * λ 6.6 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.5 0.5 2.8 4.7 5.1 3.4 5.4 Glycine 5.7 5.0 6.0 5.5 4.9 3.3 3.7 5.7 5.7 5.4 cn
co Histidine 7.1 5.7 6.6 6.6 5.1 1: 1 3.9 7 *, 4 0.8 6.0 1.1 —A Isoleucine 0.3 1.1 1.5 1.4 3.0 4.5 6.0 1.0 0.3 1.1 0.3 Leucine 0.8 0.2 0 0.5 5.3 2.7 2.4 0.3 3.0 0.2 3.0 lysine 11.5 3.2 3.1 42.9 4.2 2.3 2.7 3.1 2.6 Methionine ** tJ
3.1 2 ^ 8 l '% 2, Q 76.9 43.4 38.4 3.3 4.5 2.9 3.3 M # thioniPHU 1 T oxytü 2.9 3.9 4.5 4.4 67.4 63.0 4.2 4.3 4.1 Phenylalanine 3.1 3.8 2.9 4.3 4.4 2.6 l \\ _, Proline 5.1 2.9 6.0 ² ' ⁸ 1.3 3.9 2 *, 8 3.8 ^ Serine 5.9 3.5 36.4 5.7 32.5 59.3 cd Threonine 1.0 39.1 70.8 J4O, 7 36.9 60.2 4 '" 59.0 fsj Tyrosine 0.3 59.0 67.0 63.6 63I8 Valine * 2.9 Total protein (Hx6.25) 2.9 Amines cure index ^ 4.1 4.3 3 ^ 8 33.3 60.8

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1096 ^ 2/0591

BATH

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4 * 43 S 109Ö42 / 05Ö1

Table 13
Various yeasts grown on ethyl alcohol

yeast

medium

ml of ethyl alcohol
Cell weight g / l
Fermentation time hours

Amino acids ,

Alanine

Arginine

Aspartic acid CystelnsXure

Cystine

Glutamic acid

Glycine

Histidine

Isoleucine

G. Rhodotorula glutinis H. Candida guilllenaondli

Methionine
nethi'onineulfoatyu
! taenylalaniri.
Proline

Oe * a * tproteJÄ (* c6,25)

IPi

III 1.6 4.7 72

I I II

1.6 1.6 X, 6

5.2 5.9 6.8

96 96 48

II 1.6 7.6 48

III 1.6 4.8 48

III 1.6 5.0 48

st Amino acid Je κ protein

.6

, 5 7.9 0.1 0.6 7.8 3.3 2.7 4.1 6.2 6.2 1.5 0.3 5.f

I; 4th
3.2
5.2
5.3
1.1

4.9 3.3 5.9 0.2

- w - 2.7 2.1 2.6

0.8 0.2 2.5 2.9 3.5 3.3 2.2 4 ?: ^l 4

48.9

8.4

3.7 8.6 0.2

8.9 2.0

4.9 1.3 7.9 1.1 0.2

2.3 3.3

5.0

5.1

·>? 41.4

61.2

12.5 3.6 8.1

0.5 0.4 10.2 8.9 f, l 4.3 1.1 7.0

0.9 0.3 2.0

3.1 4.7 4.5

1.1

35.6 55.3

7.7 4.4

7.5 0.3

³ * i 8.1

3.13 | .l

«.4 4.1 6.6

0.9 0.6

8.7 2.9 3.1

5. 5,

2.5

fc, 2

*.O

42.0 60.6

2.§

} * 2 4.3 2.3 3.5

Il

* S

From the above tables 10 bla 1? it is clear, that 1) yeasts live on an oxygenated hydrocarbon in simple mineral salt media (medium I), growth however, growth factors (e.g. yeast extract) can be increased significantly (media II and III) and

2) the yeasts cultivated according to the invention have the valuable combination of high protein content, high content of essential amino acids and an amino acid profile which is advantageous for nutrition, from which it can furthermore be seen that, according to the method according to the invention, by cultivating yeasts on oxygenated hydrocarbons, a valuable protein product is obtained by biosynthetic pathways can be produced in an extremely economical manner . The invention is therefore particularly suitable for the production of protein-rich products with a high nutritional value for human and animal nutrition.

bbtsoh.

109642/0691

BATH

Claims (1)

Claim 1. A process for the production of protein-rich products using aerobic fermentation, characterized in that, as a primary carbon source, ooqrgenated hydrocarbons are used, which are derived from petroleum fractions with about 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the molecule, fermentation under aerobic conditions in an aqueous one Wuehsmedlum containing inorganic salts using microorganisms "bath maintaining a temperature of about 20 ⁰ C to * 7 ° C and a pH value of about 3.0 to 8.5 drive through and then" in protelnrelchea product reaps. ■ - ■■ -; ■. ■: ■■ -. ^; -5r ^; . ^> 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that gekewzeiohoe », 4 * 0 one al microorganism one of the yeasts 3acoharo «ycea cereviaiae OBg Saocharoeyoea aoldlfaolea Hißt * 8756 Trigc ^ nopais variabllla CBB 10% 0 Hanaenula anoatla ISBS Candida lipolytioa ATOC 8662 Candida puloherrima & Ψ * $ 1! Ύ £. Rhodotorula glutinia AtCC 25C7 Candida guillierawodli ATCC 9390 used and the fermentation under Äui * real * lti * ig a temperature of about 20 ⁰ C to * 0 ° C and a pH value of about 3 _f 0 to 7 # 5 durohfÜhJTt. 10II42 / 0S91. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that ■ an al * microorganism! «One of the bacteria Brevlbaeterlua Inaeotlphlliua ATCC 15528 PfteudoMonas Ugustrl ATCC 15522 PseudoBonaa pseudonallei ATCC 15523 Pseudononas orvilla ATCC 15524 AXoallgeriB ep ATCC 15525 CelluiDonae galba ATCC I5526 BrevlbaeterluB healil ATCC 15527 Jttorooocoue cerlfloans ATCC 14987 Saroina ap QHS 1518 Katiok Arthrobaoter ap ATCC 19140 used and the fermentation while maintaining a temperature of about 25 ⁰ C to 45 ⁰ C and a pH of 5.0 to 8.5 carries out. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that nan alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ethers, ketones or acids are used as oxygenated hydrocarbons. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and esters has about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms per molecule Al «oaqrgtnlsrt * hydrocarbons used. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that dad An alcohol is about 1 to 18 carbon atoms old la molecule used as an oxygenated hydrocarbon. 109842/0691 'BADORlQINAi. Λ- 7. The method according to claim 6 *, characterized in that «Used in essential ethyl alcohol. 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that nan methyl alcohol, eek. Butyl alcohol, iaopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol or cetyl alcohol is used, 9. The method naoh claim 4, characterized in that Nan essentially uses methyl ethyl ketone as an oxygenated hydrocarbon. * 1O.Verfahren according to claim 2, characterized in that one looks for the yeast in a NKhrnedlun »which one Contains yeast extract. 11.Verfahren naoh claim 5, characterized in that nan used as the microorganism Microooccue oerifloans (14987). .,. .. _ · .. ■; ] ■■ -: ■■ - ■:.: K, 12.Verfahren according to claim}, thereby kennaielohnet, dug nan as a microorganism Micrococous eerlfloans (149 & Ύ) and used as an oxygenated hydrocarbon ethyl alcohol 1098A2 / 0S81 .Continuous process for the production of high protein Products by aerobic fermentation according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that öats man the oxygenated hydrocarbon, a non-limiting one aqueous growth medium containing inorganic salts and excess oxygen-containing gas continuously into one the oxygenated hydrocarbon and that -the wKssrlge medium contained / and beforehand with a microorganism inoculated reactor with vigorous stirring of the reactor contents imports and continuously harvests a protein-rich product. 14.Verfahren according to claim 13, characterized in that the liquid is about 1.5 to 4 pounds Minimum development time of the microorganism used Lets stay in the reactor for a long time. 15.Verfahren according to claim 12, characterized in that nan the oxygen-containing «gas in the ratio of about _% 0.5 to 4 parts by volume of air per part by volume of liquid in the reactor per minute per Qe *.% Dry cells in the reactor per Flusslgkeitsverellselt in hours Introduces reactor. 109l42 / 0 £ g1 BATH ORIGINAL, 16. The process indicated by Aittpfueh 1% daduroh that continuously produces a concentration containing O ₉ I to 10 Oetr.ff oxygenated hydrocarbons. 17.Verfahren according to Anspruoh IJ, characterized in that »The time spent in the reactor is 1.5 to 4 hours adjusts. .Method according to claim IJ, characterized in that da6 aan containing 0.5 to 55 tons oxygenated hydrocarbon Mixtures and introduces old oxygen-enriched air bit an oxygen content of up to $ 90. hb: aoh. 1O9I42 / QS01 BATH