DE1769070C - Functional fluids - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to functional fluids, the useful life of any lubricant

that inhibit the corrosion of metal surfaces can be adjusted based on many criteria,

and control. The functional liquid wedges as de: i the extent of the increase in viscosity, des

reveal an additive amount of aromatic extent of the scale and extent of the

Compounds which, in a certain position, are substi- 5 Corrosion to metal surfaces with the

tiiierl are. Lubricants come into contact, the specialist

As functional fluids have so far been many there are many ways to improve

different types of material and in very under- Lubricants Ivw. to delay or advance »

used in different applications. Such fluid- hindrance is known to have negative effects that the

as electronic coolants, atomic io shortening the useful life of a lubricant. It is

reactor coolants, diffusion pump fluids, syn- therewith generally common, small amounts of others

(Animal lubricants, damping fluids. Materials or additives to add to the lubricants

Basics for greases, power transmission fluids give to one or more properties of the

(hydraulic fluids), heat transfer base lubricant to influence favorably. It is

liquids. Separating or Entfornningsmittel at 15 difficult, especially to the extent that in

Injection molding in the metal extrusion process and as which the working temperatures are increased,

Filter media used in air conditioning systems. To find basic materials that still function

the multitude of instructions for use and the ones for which they are intended and additional

different application conditions of the radio additives, which have a given function

tional liquids necessarily change for which they are added and which

which, with a good radio-controlled fluid, do not pose other problems like that

th properties depending on the respective increased occurrence of deposits in machines

Intended use, as each individual use or the adverse effect on the oxidation

purpose a functional liquid with a spu / i- a given base material,

fishing class of properties requires. 25 From the above-mentioned uses ei.ier

From the application-functional fluid described above, it is easy to see that form represents the use of the functional a liquid depending on the application Liquids as lubricants, especially when lubricants come into contact with various metals, such as medium in jet gears, probably the difficult ones - for example with lead, aluminum, copper, bronze, most application area. To the extent that 30 steel and many alloys. (In the alloys The working temperatures of the lubricants increased, many types of metal are included.) The corrosion of it is becoming more and more difficult to find lubricants for mechanical parts, such as bearing shells with lead, The notches that are sufficient at machine temperatures have a disadvantageous effect (1) on such mechende Time to work properly. The anchanical parts of a system that deal with the liquid Requirements for a lubricant come into contact with a jet 35, (2) the functional fluid gears are as follows: the liquid should be high-self and (3) the lubricating function of the liquid, and low temperature stability, foam resistance The main problem arising from the corrosion of ability to have good storage stability, non-corrosive mechanical parts, especially lead corrosion, and does not damage the mechanically moved ones, is the effect of the corrosion products Metal parts act that are in contact with the fluid 40 on the functional fluid and on the lubricant. In addition, such fluids should function of the fluid. The corrosion products corresponding temperature viscosity properties and can be used both on the mechanical parts, with have satisfactory lubricity, d. i.e., which the liquid comes into contact with The lubricants at very high temperatures, stanchions form as well as in the functional fluid to which they are subjected, not too thin, nor 45 to be loosened. Certain corrosion products can that they become too thick at low temperatures in addition to the formation of deposits, the oxide may and that they must at the same time be capable of dation by catalyzing the oxidation of a Promote lubricating functional fluid over such a temperature range, thereby increasing the to be. Additionally, such lubricants should not encourage sludge and deposit formation. Deposits form which the correct work of a 5 ° It can therefore in general also be caused by the Affect the jet gear. Oxidation of the base material as well as by the

As well as the speed and height of the corrosion of mechanical parts exposed to the

Airplanes with jet engines increase, the liquid in contact will form deposits

Lubrication problems become more difficult because of the increased. The corrosion products can for example

Working temperatures and the higher bearing pressures, 55 wise due to the corrosion of mechanical parts

which result from the increased thrust which are necessarily generated by the oxidized liquid. the

is, high speeds and great heights lead to the formation of deposits contaminating the liquid

reach. To the extent that occurs and makes the premature drainage of the fluid

Increasingly difficult performance conditions, becomes necessary from the system, but also pollutes

the useful life of the functional fluid 60 the filters and requires excessive filter replacement,

shortened, primarily as a result of the oxidation of the addition, the deposits can be the appropriate

Fluid, adversely affect the corrosiveness of the fluid with respect to lubrication of the bearings, viz

mechanical metal parts and the formation of Ab- for example by limiting the ability

fought over 232 C. In general, and in some cases through complete

n the same way as the working conditions of a 65 switch the ability of a liquid to be critical

Jet gear are increased to reach the Maschinenicmpera- mechanical parts so that the lubrication

acids, and oil temperatures occur in the area of the function of the liquid is maintained. Additionally

! 8SC and higher; ιιιί. can use the debris as insulation materials

Viruses when such deposits and other possible materials form from mechanical parts. When such an insulating effect occurs, the liquid does not easily absorb heat from the mechanical parts at temperatures higher than the liquid, and as a result, metal fatigue and cavitation of the mechanical parts may occur.

From the properties of a jet gear described above, it follows that a functional Liquid can reach temperatures up to 288'C and higher, which is an oxidativin and thermal Degradation of a lubricant can result, therefore a special BaEismaterial, which for Creation of a functional fluid preparation »5 used to a certain extent have the ability to oxidative and thermal Resist degradation. Additionally, any additive that a given base material should add to for example to inhibit corrosion damage, »o incorporated does not adversely affect the other critical properties of the base material. Hence should, for example, be an additive that is a base material to inhibit and control lead corrosion incorporated does not adversely affect the oxidative stability of a given base material. From the foregoing about the properties of a given functional fluid it can be seen that the problem of developing a functional fluid with the given Properties is extremely complex.

The invention therefore relates to the creation of functional fluids in which to achieve a a corrosion inhibitor is incorporated into improved resistance to corrosion damage.

It has now been found that the corrosion of metal surfaces is inhibited and controlled and that thereby the useful life of the functional fluids without adversely affecting the critical properties of the base material even under severe conditions, such as those in jet drives and other devices occur that can be significantly expanded if one considers the functional Liquids aromatic compounds which are substituted in a certain position, namely (a) a compound of the general formula

R ₁ -Ar-R

in which Ar is an aromatic nucleus, namely benzene and / or naphthalene; in which R a hydroxyl group or the group

Il

R _{3 is} -CO-; R _{1 is} a group

55

60

R ₄ - (Yh-C-

is where b and c are O or 1 and the sum of b + c is O or 1; α is an integer from 0 to 6; wherein R ₃ denotes a hydroxy, a hydrocarbyl _{oxy radical, an R 1} and / or R ₄ group, and, when has a value dtr is greater than I, any two groups R _{8 connected to the adjacent carbon atoms represent} can form non-quinoid carbocyclic ring and / or a heterocyclic ring, the cyclic ring having 3 to 10 atoms , which are optionally interrupted by 0 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur; wherein the radicals Rj and R ₄ denote a hydrocarbon radical and / or a heterocyclic ring with 3 to 10 atoms, which are optionally interrupted by 1 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur; wherein Y is oxygen, sulfur or

- N--

where R _{6 is} hydrogen or an R ₄ group and K ₄ and R ₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are connected can form a heterocyclic ring, with 3 to 10 atoms, optionally replaced by 1 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur are interrupted, provided that when R and R ₁ are linked to the same carbocyclic ring, R 1 to R is in the ortho position when c is 0 and R ₁ in ortho - or is meta to R when c has a value of 1, and further provided that when Ar is naphthalene, in which R and R _{1 are} connected to different carbocyclic rings, R and R _{1 are} 1,5- or 1 , Occupy 8-positions and when R _{1 is} ortho to R or when Ar is naphthalene and R and R ₁ occupy 1,8-positions, R and R ₁ together with the aromatic nucleus to which they are connected can form cyclic carbonate,

(b) optionally metal derivatives of compounds of the above general formula or

(c) Mixtures of compounds or of metal derivatives of the compounds of the above general formula.

The functional fluids to which the compounds represented by (a), (b) and (c) for Formation of the preparations according to the invention are added and which are hereinafter referred to as "ester base materials" include base materials containing a pentaerythritol base material, hereinafter referred to as “pentaerythritol base material”, which in turn is pentaerythritol ester, dipentaerythritol ester and mixtures thereof and ester materials containing a major amount of a "pentaerythritol base material", wherein "A larger amount" is to be understood here as meaning that the pentaerythritol base material is in such a concentration is present that is greater than the single concentration of any other base material that is functional Liquid preparation. Typical examples are changing base materials to those of the pentaerythritol base material Monoester base materials, diester base materials and triester base materials can be added materials, complex ester base materials and mixtures thereof.

While the incorporation of any stranger

ticments in an estor base material the properties Substiluenteu are located on a carbon structure |

a functional fluid can change, the odor they can contain two or more hydrocarbon ·

Concentration of the connections gi-mäß (n), (b) and reste connect. A hydrocarbon fresl can do this |

(c) in the ester base materials in each case on the elements both in substitution and as binding]

special system set, and the ester basismale- 5 links between the hydrocarbon residues enl- |

rial, which is used in this system, is whttfft. S.

the functional fluids according to the invention, for example, substituents can be present as in both

preparationon, the additive. Amounts of a compound, for example, the radicals aryloxy, aryl, alkyl, alkoxy,

according to (a), (b) and (c) which are sufficient, polyaryloxy, aryl mercupto, acyl, aroyl, dialkylamino,

To inhibit corrosion damage and to con- io mono- and polyhydroxyaryl, mono- and polyacylaryl,

! roll, while the critical properties of the hydroxy and acyl-substituted aryl, cyano, oxo and

Estcr base material are not adversely affected. Carboalkoxy,

It has generally been found that the preferred groups described above can be found in I.

Additive concentration according to (a), (b) and (c) with regard to the number of carbon j

Estcr base materials generally in the range of 15 atoms and the number of j present in a group

0.001. Weight percent to about 10 weight elements other than carbon and hydrogen, j

percent, preferably of about 0.005 weight- adjusted so that one of (a), (b) and (c)

percent to about 2.5 percent by weight. described compound in a special ester

A compound according to 00, (b) and (c) is soluble in the base material to which the intended Vcrl'functional Liquid wedges are incorporated in a concentration of binding. It can therefore, depending on which is sufficient, corrosion damage gig from the special base material, one below to inhibit and control. The compound described in accordance with the invention (a), (b) and (c) is modified appropriate functional fluids can be in any, for example by adjusting the chains of a, those skilled in the art produced length of the group or by adjusting the in a such as adding an existing branch to ensure that bond according to (a), (b) and (c) to the ester base that the particular compound in a given material while stirring until a preparation obtained is soluble in ester base material. The solubilizing will. In addition, the compounds can be produced in situ properties of the ester base materials be, d. H. be different in ester base stocks such as. Therefore, the solubility must be preceded by its own described. Additive stocks of the concentrates described under (a), (b) and (c) can also be used which are set apart from the ester bonds. The different base materials from about 10% to about 60% of the groups indicated above; H. the coal one Contain compounds under (a), (b) and (c) hydrogen radical, the hydrocarbonoxy radical, the are described. carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings, are not

The various groups represented by a coal- 35 Critical Subjects of this Invention. It can Hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbonoxy radical, therefore these groups join over a wide range carbocyclic ring and one heterocyclic in terms of the number of carbon rings present Represented are generally explained in such a way, substance atoms and the number of elements, other than that they include groups that are both unsubstituted carbon and hydrogen with the different as well as are substituted. In the subsequent loading 4 ° groups are connected, change. In general Spelling includes the term "hydrocarbons - it is preferred that the various groups Substance residue "not just an upper limit with regard to the number of pre-residue due to a hydrocarbon residue group shown, but also includes any carbon atoms present per aromatic nucleus the hydrocarbon fraction of the hydrocarbon - approximately 28 carbon atoms per aromatic nucleus oxyrestes. Additionally, there can be two or more substituents, and more preferably up to about 10 carbon atoms tuenten together contain a carbocyclic or hetero-per aromatic nucleus. Additionally you can form cyclic ring. Hence, for example, if one of the groups designated beforehand by the number heterocyclic ring is the group represented which may include elements other than carbon and water the substituents on a heterocyclic substance that are present per aromatic nucleus, Ring along with the heterocyclic ring a 50 can be explained. Therefore, with the various form carbocyclic ring. For example, groups can be formed by a hydrocarbon radical, a two or more substituents an aromatic ring, hydrocarbonoxy radical, a carbocyclic ring such as benzimidazolyl. This group will be represented in the or a heterocyclic ring general description as a heterocyclic ring the upper limit of the number of elements, others designated. 55 as carbon and hydrogen, like oxygen,

The term "hydrocarbon residue" as it is nitrogen and sulfur, the per aromatic nucleus

explained here includes hydrocarbons which may only be present as an upper limit approximately

Contain carbon and hydrogen and also 6 elements, especially about 4 elements, especially

Hydrocarbon derivatives, the other elements in particular about 4 elements per aromatic nucleus

in addition to carbon and hydrogen, ⁶ ° preferred.

and compounds that are both fully saturated Typical examples of a hydrocarbon radical

are as well as those containing unsaturation. are alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl. Isopropyl,

Hence the term "hydrocarbyl" includes butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, hydroxy, and lleptyl. OcIyI, nonyl,

rest «in addition to the hydrocarbons, which are only octadecyl, alkenyl such as Pmpenyl, Butcnyl, Hcptenyl,

Contain carbon and hydrogen. Compounds, 65 dodecnyl and similar cycloaliphatic radicals such as

the one or more elements (such as oxygen, stick- cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, mono- and

substance and sulfur), others; ils carbon and polymethylcyelolicxyl, mono- and polyisopropyl-

Contain hydrogen. The elements can prove to be cyclohexyl. Naphthenyl. Cyclopentyi. NonylcycJo-

7 8

hexenyl and similar, aryl explained here in such a way that it is dipentaerythrityltributyrattricaproate, dipentaery-

Mono-, di- and polynuclear hydrocarbons thrilyl rivalerate trinonylate and dipentaerythrityl-ge

includes such as phenyl, naphthyl and anthryl, with mixed hexaesters of C ₄ to C ₁₀ fatty acids. ·

typical examples of aryl are phenyl. Alkylphenyl, Typical Examples of Base Materials Used to-

Xenyl, tert-amylphenyl, naphthyl, ToIyI, cresyl, 5 mixed together with pentaerythritol base materials

halogenated phenyl, mono- and polyhydroxyphenyl, are the monoester base materials,

Dialkylaminophenyl, mono- and polyacylaryl, hy- die base materials, triester base materials, com-

hydroxy- and acyl-substituted aryl, cyanophenyl, alkyl plexester base materials and mixtures of the

hydroxyphenyl, alkylchlorophenyl, alkylcyanophenyl, base materials designated in the upright position. Typical examples

Butylcyanonaphthyl, cyclohexylphenyl, phenoxyphe- io games of mono- and diester base materials are

nyl, tert-butylphenoxyphenyl, dialkylaminophenyl monoesters of long-chain monobasic acids such as

and similar, aralkyl such as benzyl, methylbenzyl, a pelargonic acid with polyglycols such as polyethylene

Phenylethyl and similar oxy- and / or oxo-ent- glycols, bis- (2-methylbutyl) sebacate, bis- (l-methyl-

holding aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aroma- cyclohexylmethyO-sebacaUbis - ^^^ - trimethylpentyl) -

Table residues such as aroyl, benzoyl, 3-methylbenzoyl, sebacate, dipropylene glycol dipcrlargonate, the diesters

Acyl such as acetyl, aryl-substituted acyl, alkoxy-substituted acids such as sebacic, azcalic and adipic acid

Alkyl radical, cycloalkoxy-substituted alkyl radical, alkenoxy with complex-C ₈ _, (, - primary, branched-chain alcohol

Subst.-alkyl radical, carboalkoxy such as carboethoxy, carhol such as those produced by the oxo process

boalkoxy-substituted-aryl or -alkyl radical, aroxy-substituted- are produced, polyethylene glycol 200 bis (2-ethyl-

Alkyl radical, alkoxy-substituted cyclohexyl, aroxy-substituted hexyl sebacate, diisoamyl adipate, 1,6-hexamethylene

Cyclohexyl, carboalkoxy-cycloalkyl and the like; glycol di (2-ethylhexanoate), bis (dimethylamyl) aze-

and the groups described above, which are further lat, di- (2-ethylhexyl) azelate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) -

are substituted with a heterocyclic group, sebacate, diisooctyl sebacate, 2-ethylhexyl-3,5,5-tri-

the 4 to 10 atoms, optionally interrupted, methylhexyl sebacate, diisoctyl azelate. Di- (3,5.5-tri-

by 1 to 4 heteroatoms, the nitrogen, sulfur 25 methylhexyl) sebacate, di- (I-methyl-4-ethyloctyl) -se-

or oxygen or combinations thereof be bacat, diisodecylazelate, diisotridecylazelate, di-

can contain, such as substituted or not (l-methyl-4-äthyloctyl) -glutarate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) -

substituted pyridyl and the like. adipate, di- (3-methylbutyl) azelate, di- (3,5,5-trimethyl-

Typical examples of heterocyclic groups are hexyl) azelate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di- (C ₁₀ -OXO) -

Furyl, thienyl, piperidyl, pyrryl, thiazolyl, thiadiazo adipate, bis (diethylene glycol monobutyl ether) adipate,

IyI, pyrazinyl, pyridyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, DKisooctyl / isodecyU-adipate, diisotridecyladipate, tri-

Pyrimidinyl or a benzene derivative of the same as iithylene glycol di (2-ethylene hexanoate), hexanediol-l, 6-di-

Benzisoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl. Benzo- (2-ethylhexanonate) and dipropylene glycol dipclargonate.

thiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothienyl, typical examples of triester base materials are

indazolyl or isoindazolyl. 35 trimelhylolpropane tri-n-pelargonate, trimethylolpro-

Typical examples of compounds corresponding to pantricaprat, Trimethylolpropantricapryku and the

(a), (b) and (c) are 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoyianilide, trimethylolpropane triesters of mixed octanoates.

o-Acctylphenol, o-n-Butyrylphenol, 2,4-Diacctylphe- Typical examples of complex esters are

nol, Rcsorcinmonoacetat, Resorcinhexanoat, Brenz- erallen by esterification of dicarboxylic acids with

katechinmonoaceta ^ pyrocatechin monohexanoaURe- 40 a mixture of monohydric alcohol and one

sorcine monobutyrate, pyrocalechine monobutyrate. 3,4-glycol with the formation of complex esters. Complex-

Dimethylpyrocatechol monoacetate, 3,4-Dimethylrc- ester, which can be used, can by

sorcinmonoacetat, S-MethyM-acelylbrenzkatechin- esterification of a dicarboxylic acid (1 mol) with a

monoacetate, "S-methyl ^ -acetylresorcinol monoacetate, glycol (2 mol) and a monocarboxylic acid (2 mol)

8-butyryl-1,3-naphthalenediol, 1-hydroxy-5-acetoxy-45 or with 1 mole each of one glycol. one

naphthalene. 2-HydlΌxy-4-aceloxyacctophenon, 2-Acct- dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol or

oxy-4-hydroxyacetophenone, 2,2'-di-hydroxy-4,4'-di- with 2 moles each of a monohydroxymono-

acetoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-2 ', 4,4'-iriacetoxycarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol

benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-5-acetoxy-ρ-benzoquinone. Further other complex esters can

2-Hydroxyacetophenone, bronze carbonate, 50 by esterification of a glycol (1 mol) with a

1,8-naphthalene carbonate, 4-acctoxycatechol carbonate monohydroxymonocarboxylic acid (2 moles) and an i

and 3-aceloxy-1.8-naphthalene carbonate. Monocarboxylic acid (2 moles) can be produced.

The ester base stocks to which the compounds Other suitable complex esters are prepared are ¹

according to (a), (b) and (c) are incorporated. by polymerizing a dihydroxy compound mi

comprise at least a larger amount of a penta 55 of a dicarboxylic acid and by conversion / cn of the end

crythrite base material. It has been found that the 'permanent hydroxy and acid residues with a Ge

Pentaerythritol base materials have a particularly good high mix of a monocarboxylic acid and a monovalent!

temperature, oxidation and thermal resistance alcohol. Spc? Itischc examples of polymers, ie

have ability. Typical examples of pentaerythritol additives within the scope of this invention

and Dipcntaerythrilbasismatcrialicn are Pentaery- 60 can be polymers, which by polymer

thrityl tetrabutyrate, pentaerythrityl telravalcrate, penta-acidification of adipic acid and 1,2-propanediol i

crythrityl tetracaproate, pentacrythrityldibutyratdica- presence of small amounts of cur / kitiger mom

pront. Pentaerythrityl butyrate caproate divalcrate. Pentacarboxylic acids and a monohydric alcohol hergi

erythritylbutyrate trivalerate, pentaerythritylbtityrattri- can be provided. In the process, polymers are formed

caproat, pctaerythrityl tributyrate aproate. Suitable 63 sates with molecular weights of about 700 b

Dipcnlacrythrityl esters include Oipenlacrylhritylhexa- about 40,000 or higher,

valcrat, dipentaerythritylhcxaeapmat. Dipentaery- The mono-, di-. Tri- and polyvalent alcohol

«Liriivlhexahcploiit. DipcntaerythritylhexacapryUtt, and the monocarboxylic acids that are used to produce d

The esters given above are used can also contain ether-oxygen bonds.

Specific examples of suitable complex esters are esters made from methylene glycol (1 mol), adipic acid (2 mol) and 2-ethylhexanol (2 mol); Ester of tetraethylene glycol (1 mol), sebacic acid (2 moles) and 2-ethylhexanol (2 moles); Ester of 2-ethyl-L: 3 hexanediol (1 mol), sebacic acid (2 moles) and 2-ethylhexanol (2 moles); Esters of diethylene glycol (1 mol), adipic acid (2 mol) and n-butanol (2 moles); Esters of polyglycol 200 (1 mol), sebacic acid (2 mol) and ethylene glycol mono- (2-ethylbutyl) ether (2 moles); Esters of sebacic acid (1 mol), tetraethylene glycol (2 mol) and caproic acid (2 mol); Esters of triethylene glycol (1 mol), adipic acid (1 mol), n-caproic acid (1 mol) and 2-ethylhexanol (I mole); Esters of sebacic acid (1 mol), lactic acid (2 mol) and n-butanol (2 mol); Tetraethylene glycol ester (1 mole), lactic acid (2 moles) and butyric acid (2 moles); Complex ester from neopentyl glycol (2 mol), dicarboxylic acids (1 mol) and monocarboxylic acids (2 mol) and complex esters of neopentyl glycol (1 mol), dicarboxylic acids (2 mol) and monohydric neoalcohols, / .. B. 2.2,4-trimethylpentanol (2 mol).

To explain the excellent properties of the functional fluids according to the invention various compounds corresponding to (a), (b) and (c) were mixed into an ester base material and the resulting functional fluids were found to control and inhibit lead corrosion rated. One of the main comparative methods used to evaluate lead corrosiveness in various The Federal Test Method Standard No. 791, Method. No. 5321.1. In this test procedure, 500 ml of the test liquid is poured into a tube which Contains a lead test plate. The tube is immersed in a bath, which in turn is at a temperature

ίο is kept at 375 C. Air is blown through the liquid sample at a rate of approximately 56.6 liters / hour. The weight loss or net weight gain of the test sample is measured after a period of 5 hours. DerGewichtsverlust is rated in milligrams per cm ^2.

In the table, in Examples 1 to 9, a mixture of short-chain pentaerythritol esters and short-chain dipentaerythritol esters with an average length of about 6 carbon atoms was used as the base material. In Examples 1 to 6, the ester base material contained I% phenyl-v-naphthylamine (mixture I). In Examples 7 to 9, the ester base material contained a small amount of a ^{triaryl phosphate, 2 1} V _{0 of} a mixture of phenyl naphthylamine and dioctyldiphenylamine and a small amount of potassium salt (mixture II). The percent lead corrosion inhibition reported in the table below was obtained using the following formula:

Pro / disinhibition \ on lead corrosion

table

mg / cm ² loss without additive - mg / cm ² loss with additive
mg / cm loss without additive

at Wed Corrosion inhibitor Conc
tration inhibition
tion of the
Hl! game schung connection Weight IiICl-
corrosion percent "/" 1
2 I.
1 Catechol 0.05 89.0 carbonate 3 I. Catechol 0.05 92.5 diacetate 4th I. 2,4-dihydroxy 0.05 96.7 acctophenon 5 I. 2.2 ', 4,4'-Tctra- 0.05 99.2 hydroxybenzo phenone 6th I. 1.5-diacctoxy 0.05 93.7 napluhalin 7th 11th 2-llydroxy- 0.10 94.0 3-nuphthoylanilide K Il Ucsorcin diacetate 0.05 69 9 Il Diethylresorcinol 0.05 90

To explain .dall the connections according to (a). (h) and (c) do not adversely affect the critical liquid coolant components. How to influence the oxidative stability, certain liquid preparations were used with and without additives and the corresponding oxidation rate determined. One of the main assessment methods / ur evaluation of the oxidative stability of a lubricant is dus in the i'cdcral Test Method Standard No. 591, Method No. 5308, procedure after which dus under trial standing lubricants at a specific temperature in the presence of certain metals and oxygen heated and the viscosity increase of the lubricant is determined. Various functional liquid formulations, which contained the additive were after

4 checked in the above procedure and the following Conditions used: 125 g liquid, temperature 232 C, air velocity 10 l / hour. The metal samples used were, as indicated in the procedure, steel, copper, silver, titanium, Magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy. The viscosity of the liquid was before and after Test determined at 38 C. Illustrative of the results is the fact that using the same recipe as in Examples 7 to 9 in the table had been applied, the additive 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoylnnilid after 48 hours showed an increase in viscosity which was different from that when using the functional fluid without an additive does not increase in viscosity over the same period of time difference.

As / u seen from the table, it is apparent that the incorporation of the compounds according to (a), (b) and (c) in a Esterbasismatcrial a functional \ lüssigkcits / ubcrcitung manages, which has the ability. Inhibit and control lead corrosion 711 and therefore significantly extend the service life of a functional liquid kit preparation. In particular, the table shows the inhibition and control of corrosion damage by the compounds according to (a). (b) and (c). Thus the inhibition was in most cases of the order of 90 ¹ Vo »J ^cr better. This is of particular importance because the control of lead corrosion

Damage to the use of a functional Liquid preparation extended. Therefore, the control of lead corrosion inhibits the formation of Deposits. The deposits can have a detrimental effect on the lubricating function of a particular fluid works. In addition, the debris clogs both filters and critical feeds which a liquid must necessarily flow in order to reach critical areas in a jet gear lubricate.

As stated above, the additives do not affect the critical properties of the fluid. It has been found that the oxidative stability is not significantly affected by the incorporation of an additive in an ester base material was increased. But the oil corrosion was inhibited and controlled without adversely affecting the other critical properties of the liquid. As previously stated an additive must perform its intended function without adversely affecting its critical properties the liquid carry out.

As a result of the excellent stabilization of functional fluids, which compounds according to (a), (b) and (c) were incorporated, a lubrication of the gas turbine engines is over allows for a longer period of time.

Due to the use of the specified functional liquid kits / preparations in this area, it is possible to build improved hydraulic pressure devices. This device include the combination of a liquid chamber and a liquid preparation moving thereto. the According to the invention, liquid comprises a mixture of one or more of the base materials described here and a small amount sufficient to inhibit and control corrosion damage, the additive preparation. In such a system, the parts include that are lubricated in this way friction surfaces of the power source, namely the pump, valves, working pistons and cylinders, Fluid motors and, in some cases, machine tools, paths, plates and slide rails. The hydraulic system can have both a constant and a variable volume.

The pumps in which the functional fluids according to the invention can be used are of various types. For example, they can be used in centrifugal pumps, jet pumps, turbine fluid pumps, liquid piston gas compressors. Pumps of the piston type, in particular in piston pumps with variable stroke, in piston pumps with variable discharge capacity or variable displacement, in radial piston pumps or in axial piston pumps in which a pivotic cylinder block is set at different angles to the piston arrangement, for example in the Vickers axial piston pump , or in which the mechanism that drives the pistons is arranged at an adjustable angle to the cylinder block. They can also be used on gear type pumps. (The gears can be spur gears, helical gears or herringbone gears, modifications of internally toothed gears or a screw pump or vane pumps.) , Poppet or drain valves. The fluid motors are usually constant or variable displacement piston pumps which are caused to rotate by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid of the system with the power supplied by a pump. Such a hydraulic motor can be used in conjunction with a variable displacement pump to provide a variable speed transmission. It is therefore of particular importance that the rubbing parts of the fluid system, which are through the functional

ίο liquid lubricated, protected from damage will. Such damage may result in seizure and excessive wear the rubbing parts and makes premature replacement of the parts necessary.

The liquids according to the invention which incorporate a metal compound according to (a), (b) and (c) because of their excellent physical properties are suitable for heat transfer systems in which a liquid heat exchanger medium is used in heat exchange with another material. The material has a given temperature. It can therefore be one of the functions of the liquid heat exchange medium the following properties or a combination of these properties: heat transfer, heat absorption and maintaining the material constant at a given temperature.

The liquid formulations of this invention can when used as a functional liquid as well as dyes, pour point depressants, metal deactivators, acid scavengers, antioxidants, Contain defoaming agents in a concentration sufficient to give the preparations anti-foam properties such as about 10 to about 100 parts per million, viscosity index improvers such as polyalkyl acrylates, polyalkyl methacrylates, polycyclic polymers, polyurethanes, Polyalkylene oxides, polyalkylene polymers, polyphenylene oxides. Polyesters, lubricants and the like.

The base materials described above can be used individually or as a liquid preparation two or more base materials can be used in varying proportions. The basic materials can also contain other liquids.

derived from coal products and synthetic oils, e.g. B. alkylene polymers (such as polymers of propylene. Butylene etc. and mixtures thereof) alkylene oxide type polymers (e.g. propylene oxide polymers) and derivatives, including alkylene oxide polymers. by polymerization voi Alylene oxide can be produced in the presence of water or alcohol, e.g. B. ethyl alcohol, alkylben / oli (e.g. monoalkylhenzene such as dodecylbenzene, tetra decylhenzene etc.) and dialkyl benzene (e.g. n-nonyl 2-ethylhexylben / ol). Fs can also be polyphenyl (ζ. B. biphenylc and terphenyls), hulogenicrlcs benzene halogenicrtcs lower alkylbenzene, halogenicrtcs Bi phenyl, monohalogenic diphenyl ether. Trialkyl phosphinoxides, diarylalkylphosphonates. Trialkyl phosphonates. Aryl dialkyl phosphonates. Triarylpho " phonate. Triaryl phosphates. Be trialkyl phosphates in mixed aryl alkyl phosphates.

Claims (4)

Claim: Functional fluids, consisting of 1. a larger amount of a F.sterbasismateria and possibly - with this Fsterbasi material mixed out 2,419 2. Alkylene and / or alkylene oxide polymers, dialkylbenzenes, polyphenylene, halogenated benzene, halogenated biphenyl, halogenated lower alkylbenzene, monohalogenated diphenyl ethers, trialkylphosphine oxides, diarylalkyl-, trialkyl-, aryldialkyl-, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarylphosphates, triarylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates, triarykylphosphates , out 3. a corrosion & inhibiting material, and optionally made of 4. usual additives, characterized in that the functional Liquids as a corrosion-inhibiting material. (a) a compound of the general formula R ₁ -Ar-R in which Ar is an aromatic nucleus, namely benzene and / or naphthalene; in which R a hydroxyl group or the group O Rp O
• j - \ _, - \ _f means; R _{1 is} a group O R ₄ - (Y) ₆ -C- (O) ₀ is where b and c are O or 1 and the sum of b + c is O or 1; α is an integer from 0 to 6; wherein R ₂ denotes a hydroxy, a hydrocarbyl oxy radical, an R ₁ and / or R ₄ group, and when a has a value which is greater than 1, any two groups R _{2 connected to the adjacent carbon atoms represent} non-quinoid carbocyclic ring and / or a hetero- can form cyclic ring, the cyclic ring having 3 to 10 atoms, which are optionally interrupted by 0 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur; wherein the radicals R ₃ and R _{4 represent} a hydrocarbon radical and / or a heterocyclic ring with 3 to 10 atoms, which are optionally interrupted by 1 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur; wherein Y is oxygen, sulfur or - N - where R _{5 is} hydrogen or an R ₄ group and R ₄ and R ₅ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are connected can form a heterocyclic ring, with 3 to 10 atoms, optionally replaced by 1 to 4 heteroatoms, namely oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur are interrupted, provided that when R and Rj are linked to the same carbocyclic ring, R _{1 is} ortho to R when c is 0 and Rj is ortho is meta to R when c is 1 and further provided that when Ar is naphthalene, where R and R _{1 are} joined to different carbocyclic rings, R and R _{1 are} 1.5- or 1.8 -Position and when R _{1 is} ortho to R or when Ar is naphthalene and R and R _{1 are in} 1,8-positions, R and R ₁ together with the aromatic nucleus to which they are connected form a cyclic carbonate can form (b) optionally metal derivatives of compounds of the above general formula or (c) Mixtures of compounds or of metal derivatives of the compounds of the above general formula.