DE1745932B1

DE1745932B1 - Tube cracking furnace for thermal and / or catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons

Info

Publication number: DE1745932B1
Application number: DE19681745932
Authority: DE
Inventors: Albert Kellermann
Original assignee: Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
Current assignee: Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
Priority date: 1968-02-08
Filing date: 1968-02-08
Publication date: 1972-09-21
Also published as: YU33013B; YU28169A; SE359795B; CS154615B2

Description

Durch diese äußerst einfache konstruktive Lösung werden die von den Federn ausgeübten Kräfte unmittelbar auf den oberen Ofenrahmen übertragen. Traversen und Gestänge, die bisher für die Aufnahme der Federtöpfe notwendig waren und beim Ein- und Ausbau der Spaltrohr störten und den Platz auf der Ofendecke verengten, können fortfallen. Die Spaltrohre, die sich beim Betrieb der Anlage bis zu 200 mm aus dem Ofen dehnen, erhalten durch die untere Federauflageplatte eine exakte Führung; dadurch wird vermieden, daß die Spaltrohre einen Druck auf das feuerfeste Material der Ofendecke ausüben. With this extremely simple design solution, the The forces exerted by springs are transmitted directly to the upper frame of the furnace. Trusses and Linkage that was previously necessary to hold the spring pots and when and expansion of the can interfered with and narrowed the space on the furnace roof fall away. The cans that extend up to 200 mm from the system when the system is in operation Stretch furnace, get precise guidance from the lower spring support plate; through this this prevents the cans from exerting pressure on the refractory material of the furnace roof exercise.

Die Erfindung sieht ferner vor, die Bohrungen in dem Flanschring mit einem zu dem Gewinde der Regulierschrauben passenden Gewinde zu versehen. Dadurch ist eine gute Regulierung und Prüfung der Federspannung möglich. Über die Regulierschrauben, die in Kontakt mit der oberen Federplatte und dem Flanschring stehen, können auch während des Betriebs Korrekturen vorgenommen werden. The invention also provides for the bores in the flange ring with a thread matching the thread of the regulating screws. Through this good regulation and testing of the spring tension is possible. About the regulating screws, that are in contact with the upper spring plate and the flange ring can also corrections are made during operation.

Um die Federn vor Wärme zu schützen, sieht die Erfindung vor, das aus dem Spaltofen herausragende obere Ende der Spaltrohre mit zwei im Abstand voneinander und von den Spaltrohren angeordneten Hülsen zu umgeben, die zwischen der Feder und dem Spaltrohr liegen und die kürzer sind als der Abstand zwischen den Federauflageplatten; dabei ist die eine, vorzugsweise die innere Hülse, an der unteren Federauflageplatte und die andere an der oberen Federauflageplatte befestigt. Durch den Raum zwischen den Hülsen kann Kühlluft geführt werden, um eine weitere Kühlung des das obere Ende des heißen Spaltrohres umgebenden Raumes zu erreichen. In order to protect the springs from heat, the invention provides that from the cracking furnace protruding upper end of the cracking tubes with two at a distance from each other and surrounded by the cans arranged sleeves between the spring and the can and which are shorter than the distance between the spring support plates; the one, preferably the inner sleeve, is on the lower spring support plate and the other attached to the upper spring platen. Through the space between Cooling air can be passed through the sleeves to further cool the upper end to reach the surrounding space of the hot can.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung sind die in das Spaltrohr hineinragenden Rohre zum Zu- und Abführen der Gase von einer Isolierbox umgeben, deren Durchmesser etwas kleiner ist als der des Spaltrohres, und die an den Spaltrohrdeckel angeschweißt ist. According to a further embodiment of the invention, they are in the can protruding pipes for supply and discharge of the gases are surrounded by an insulating box, whose diameter is slightly smaller than that of the can, and that of the can cover is welded on.

Auf der Zeichnung, die einen Schnitt durch den oberen Abschnitt eines Spaltofens zeigt, ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Das Spaltrohrl aus Chrom-Nickel-Stahl sitzt in einer entsprechenden Öffnung der Ofendecke 2, deren oberer Ofenrahmen mit 3 bezeichnet ist. In das Spaltrohr 1, das ein Stück aus dem Ofen herausragt, ist das Gaszuführungsrohr4 eingeführt, dessen Querschnitt erheblich kleiner ist als der des Spaltrohres. Das Spaltrohr 1 ist oben mit einem Spaltrohrdeckel 5 verschlossen, der mit einer Nut 6 versehen ist, in die das Rohrende unter Zwischenlegen einer Dichtung eingesetzt ist. In den Spaltrohrdeckel 5 ist konzentrisch das Gaszuführungsrohr 4 eingeschweißt. Außerdem ist am Spaltrohrdeckel 5 eine Isolierbox 7 ebenfalls durch Schweißen befestigt, die das Gaszuführungsrohr annähernd auf der ganzen Länge innerhalb des Spaltrohres umgibt und deren Durchmesser etwas kleiner ist als der des Spaltrohres. Die Isolierbox 7 ist unten verschlossen; der das Gaszuführungsrohr umgebende Ringraum ist mit isolierendem Material gefüllt. On the drawing showing a section through the top section of a Shows cracking furnace, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The canister made of chrome-nickel steel sits in a corresponding opening of the furnace roof 2, whose the upper frame of the furnace is designated by 3. In the can 1, which is a piece from the Oven protrudes, the gas supply pipe 4 is introduced, the cross section of which is considerable is smaller than that of the can. The can 1 is at the top with a can cover 5 closed, which is provided with a groove 6, in which the pipe end is placed between them a seal is used. The gas supply pipe is concentric in the can cover 5 4 welded in. In addition, an insulating box 7 is also through the can cover 5 welding attached, which the gas supply pipe approximately along the entire length within the Can surrounds and whose diameter is slightly smaller than that of the can. The insulating box 7 is closed at the bottom; the annular space surrounding the gas supply pipe is filled with insulating material.

In geringem Abstand von dem Ende des Spaltrohres 1 befindet sich eine umlaufende Nut, in die ein passender zweiteiliger Ring 8 eingesetzt ist. Dieser wird durch einen Flanschring 9 zusammengehalten, der außerdem mit einer Ausnehmung in Richtung auf das Rohrende gegen den Ring anliegt. Der Flanschring 9 und der Spaltrohrdeckel 5 sind durch mehrere Schrauben 10 verbunden, die über den Umfang verteilt sind, derart, daß beim Anziehen der Schrauben die Dichtung 6 zusammengepreßt und das Spaltrohr durch eine lösbare dichte Verbindung mit dem Gaszuführungsrohr verbunden ist. At a short distance from the end of the can 1 is located a circumferential groove into which a matching two-part ring 8 is inserted. This is held together by a flange ring 9, which also has a recess in the direction of the pipe end against the ring. The flange ring 9 and the can cover 5 are connected by several screws 10, which are distributed over the circumference, in such a way that when the screws are tightened, the seal 6 and the can is connected to the gas supply pipe by a releasable tight connection.

Das aus dem Ofen 2 ragende Ende des Spaltrohres 1 ist von einer Spiralfeder 11 umgeben, die sich einerseits auf einer unteren Federauflageplatte 12, die unmittelbar auf dem Ofenrahmen 3 aufliegt, und andererseits an einer oberen Federauflageplatte 13 abstützt. Als untere Führung der Feder dient ein kurzes, auf die untere Federauflageplatte 12 augeschweißtes Rohrstück 14. Zum Schutz der Feder gegen die Wärmestrahlung des warmen Rohrendes sieht die Erfindung zwischen der Feder 11 und dem Spaltrohr 1 zwei Hülsen vor, die im Abstand voneinander und von dem Spaltrohr angeordnet sind. Die innere Hülse 15 ist an der unteren, die äußere Hülse 16 an der oberen Federauflageplatte durch Schweißen befestigt. Beide Hülsen sind kürzer als der Abstand zwischen den Federauflageplatten 12 und 13. The end of the can 1 protruding from the furnace 2 is of a spiral spring 11 surrounded on the one hand on a lower spring support plate 12, which is immediately rests on the furnace frame 3, and on the other hand on an upper spring support plate 13 supports. A short guide on the lower spring support plate serves as the lower guide for the spring 12 welded pipe section 14. To protect the spring against the heat radiation of the The invention sees two warm pipe ends between the spring 11 and the can 1 Sleeves before which are arranged at a distance from each other and from the can. the inner sleeve 15 is on the lower, the outer sleeve 16 on the upper spring support plate attached by welding. Both sleeves are shorter than the distance between the Spring support plates 12 and 13.

Der Spaltrohrdeckel 5 ist mit mehreren Bohrungen und der Flanschring 9 mit entsprechenden Gewindebohrungen versehen, durch die passende Regulierschrauben 17 geführt bzw. geschraubt sind, die so lang sind, daß sie einerseits auf die Federauflageplatte 13 stoßen und andererseits ein Stück aus dem Spaltrohr deckel herausragen. Auf diese Weise stützt sich das Spaltrohr 1 über die Federauflageplatten 12 und 13 und die dazwischen liegende Feder 11 sowie den Flanschring 9 und die Regulierschrauben 17 auf der Ofendecke ab und ist praktisch an dieser aufgehängt. The canned cover 5 has several bores and the flange ring 9 provided with corresponding threaded holes through the matching regulating screws 17 are guided or screwed, which are so long that they are on the one hand on the spring support plate 13 butt and on the other hand protrude a piece from the can cover. To this Way, the can 1 is supported on the spring support plates 12 and 13 and the intermediate spring 11 as well as the flange ring 9 and the regulating screws 17 on the oven ceiling and is practically suspended from it.

Die Federvorspannung kann jederzeit auch während des Betriebs geprüft und durch Verstellen der Schrauben 17 einreguliert werden.The spring preload can also be checked at any time during operation and adjusted by adjusting the screws 17.

Die Verbindung des Spaltrohres 1 am unteren Ende des Ofens erfolgt in gleicher Weise durch die beschriebene lösbare Flanschverbindung. The can 1 is connected to the lower end of the furnace in the same way by the detachable flange connection described.

Claims

Claims: 1. Tube fission furnace for thermal and / or catalytic Columns of hydrocarbons, in which the ends of the can above and below protrude a bit from the furnace, denoted by the fact that the can (1) Connected to the inlet and outlet lines by releasable flange connections are made up of a can cover (5) with a groove (6) into which the pipe end is underneath Interposing a seal is used, and concentrically in the gas supply pipe or gas exhaust pipe (4) is welded, as well as a flange ring (9), which is pushed over the end of the pipe and with the can cover (5) detachable by screws (10) is connected and when tightening the releasable connection with a recess against a two-part ring (8) is pulled below the pipe end in a corresponding groove is used.

2. Tube gap furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper ends of the cans (1) are surrounded by spiral springs (11), which on the one hand on a lower spring support plate (12), which is placed directly on the furnace frame (3) rests, and on the other hand support against an upper spring support plate (13), and that the can cover (5) and the flange ring (9) are provided with bores, through which several, preferably four regulating screws (17) are guided, which against the upper spring support plates (13) are in contact.

3. Tube gap furnace according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that from the cracking furnace (2) protruding upper end of the cans (1) of two is surrounded by sleeves arranged at a distance from one another and by the cans (1), which lie between the spring (11) and the can (1), one of which (15), preferably the inner one on the lower spring support plate (12) and the other (16) is attached to the upper spring platen, and which are shorter than the distance between the spring support plates.

4. Tube fission furnace according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the tubes protruding into the can (1) for supplying and removing the gases are surrounded by an insulating box (7), the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the of the can (1), and which is welded to the can cover (5).

The invention relates to a tube furnace for thermal and / or catalytic cracks of hydrocarbons, in which the ends of the cans protrude a bit from the top and bottom of the oven.

In such tube furnaces there is a particular problem that Thermal stresses at the connection points between the highly heat-resistant cans made of chrome-nickel steel and the pipe end flanges made of normal carbon steel to catch. The can ends protruding from the tube furnace at the top and bottom are in contrast to the inside of the furnace by means of flame radiation heated Pipes relatively cold. It is therefore common for the end flanges to be made from normal carbon steel to be welded to the centrifugally cast pipes made of chrome-nickel steel.

Although proper electrodes are used for these welds intergranular stress corrosion cracking occurred at these points have led to the leak. In addition to the risk of explosion and the great expense For the repair of all cans, some cities and industrial companies took longer Time without gas, so that some of the work had to be stopped in the factories.

The invention is based on the object of avoiding these disadvantages. It consists in the fact that the cans on the inlet and outlet lines through detachable flange connections are connected, which consist of a can cover with a groove into which the pipe end is inserted with a seal in between, and in which the gas supply pipe or gas discharge pipe is concentrically welded, as well as a flange ring, which is pushed over the pipe end and with the Can cover is detachably connected by screws and when tightening the detachable Connection with a recess is drawn against a two-part ring, which is inserted below the pipe end in a corresponding groove.

This constructive solution is surprising in so far as it has been so far was not considered possible, the cans with the inlets and outlets for To connect gases with detachable flange connections, although for decades a similar flange connection for pipelines belongs to the state of the art, in which a ring is arranged at some distance from the pipe end, in which the inwardly protruding part of a multi-part, held together by a coupling ring Ring is fitted with an angular cross-section which encloses the pipe end and its other end is supported on the mating flange (German patent specification 577 979). The advantages of the flange connection according to the invention are that the cans are lighter and expanded and the flanges are made of cheaper material Can be made different than the tubes without welding Materials takes place which give rise to the stress corrosion cracking mentioned that will certainly be avoided. In addition, the holes in the Oven floor and in the oven roof for inserting the tubes are made smaller than before. This has the advantage that the furnaces are exposed to false air are better to seal.

The use of the described weldless flange connection It also allows the coil springs to support the cans directly on the to arrange the upper ends of the can. For this purpose, the invention provides, the spiral springs, which surround the upper ends of the cans, on the one hand on a lower spring support plate, which rests directly on the furnace frame, and on the other hand against an upper spring support plate to support and to provide the can cover and the flange ring with bores, through which several, preferably four, regulating screws are guided against the upper spring support plate are in contact.