DE1729196A1 - Method and device for producing bars or tubes provided with a filling material - Google Patents

Description

DIPL-ING. CURT WALLACH DIPL.-ING. GÜNTHER KOCH

DR. T ₁ NOHAIBACH 1729196

• Munich 2, 1Ί. RpriH ⁹⁶⁷

OUR SIGN: "| O 799

HYPEIi, INO., West öonshohooken, Pennsylvania, V.St.v.A.

Method and device for the production of bars or tubes provided with a filling material

The invention relates to methods and devices for producing rods or tubes from a material to which a .filler is added · More precisely, "relates to the Invention, methods and devices for producing rods or ions from a polymer plastic, the filler material attached, which is an abrasive material, e.g. aluminum oxide, crushed glass fibers, Asbestos particles, particles of ceramic material, etc.

It is already known to produce rods or tubes from a material containing a filler. However, results the nate part of a low uniformity, since the filler not evenly in the base material of the bars or Pipes is distributed. Until now it has been common to use both the filler as well as the plastic in Ji'ona from grains into one Bring containers. This process leads to a rather uneven distribution of the materials because of the filler is usually heavier than the thermoplastic, and since the cells of the filler have smaller dimensions than

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those of plastic. As a result, the filler particles settle in the lower part of the container. aside from that the use of a single container to contain the filler and plastic particles creates significant difficulties as a result of wear and tear if the filler is a material with an abrasive effect. Such wear occurs, for example, on the throat plate at the feed end the screw conveyor to such an extent that the passage plate after a period of use of one or two days must be renewed.

These and other difficulties can be avoided according to the invention if one does not use the filler in the same Mixing container with the plastic particles. The plastic particles or the so-called pellets can be thermoplastic. It is also possible to use the thermoplastic pellets in one To convert semi-liquid state before the filler is introduced into the plastic. Is the plastic in the liquid or semi-liquid state, it envelops the particles of the filler material, so that the wear and tear of the relevant parts Ie of the device reduced · An even distribution of the filler material in the carrier material formed by the plastic is achieved with the aid of an extruder screw. the Products according to the invention in the form of rods or bores can have a wide variety of cross-sectional shapes, and their diameter can, for example, be between about 0.25 mm and about 3.2 mm *

The extruded products according to the invention can be cut into pieces with a length of about 125 to about 250 mm

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so that bristles are obtained that can be used in the manufacture of grinding wheels · Should brooms be manufactured the product in question is cut into pieces with a length of about 600 to about 900 mm. Alternatively the length of the sections produced can be between about 3 mm and about 6.5 mm when the material is in the form of Grains or pellets when spraying standard parts of the most varied Kind to be used.

The apparatus of the invention comprises two separate extrusion cylinders, and in each of these cylinders there is one rotatable Worm arranged, the axes of the two cylinders preferably form a right Y / angle, so that each worm can assign a separate drive motor} in this way it is possible to drive the second worm a little faster than the first snail. However, one could also use an extrusion apparatus with cylinders and screws of the same axis provided that the capacity of the second cylinder is greater than that of the first cylinder. That The outlet end of the second cylinder is provided with an extrusion tool or a nozzle, by means of which the inventive Product is squeezed out and delivered to a conveyor belt. You can put a liquid, e.g. Yiasser, on the extruded Guide product while it is on a conveyor belt to allow product to cool and solidify facilitate or accelerate.

The invention thus provides novel methods and arrangements for making extruded rods or tubes'. The invention also provides methods and devices for

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Extrusion of rods or tubes before where within a filler is distributed throughout the material, the devices according to the invention having a considerably longer service life reach. Furthermore, the invention provides novel methods and devices that make it possible to produce a composite to produce an extruded product, wherein a plastic carrier material or a plastic is first melted before this material is mixed with a filler. Another object of the invention is to provide of methods and apparatus for producing an extruded composite material in the form of a rod or a tube made of plastic, in which a filling material is distributed more evenly than it is with the help of up to now known methods and devices can be achieved. The invention also provides a method in which only in a filler is distributed to an outer "skin" of the pipe or rod produced. Finally, the invention looks Processes and devices are proposed which make it possible to produce extrusions Manufacture tubes or rods made of plastic in a simple, reliable and economical way.

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment on the basis of the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention in plan, with certain parts broken away for the sake of clarity are drawn

Figure 2 is a section taken along line 2-2 in Figure 1. 109823/1516

Figure 3 is a section along line 3-3 mx ^; ig. 1. iig, 4 is a DCnnivG along the line n -— \ - : uj 1.0._. , *.

In the drawings, corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals in Pig. 1 recognizes an extrusion device according to the invention, designated as a whole by 10. The device 10 includes a first housing 12, in which an extrusion cylinder 14 is arranged in the Cylinder 14, an extrusion screw 16 is rotatably mounted. A heating device 18 encloses the cylinder 14. The heating device 18 is preferably adjusted so that its temperature is about 10 ° to about 55 C above the melting point of the Plastic lies. For example, if the plastic is nylon, the temperature of the heater 18 would be between about 260 ° and about 275 ° C.

A motor 20 is connected to one end of the screw 16, by means of which the screw can be driven so that it can rotates around its longitudinal axis. Furthermore, means, not shown here, are provided in order to vary the speed of the screw 16. Furthermore, a feed container 22 is provided, the outlet 24 of which is connected to the left end of the screw 16 as shown in FIG stands. The supply of the plastic pellets 28 from the container 22 to the cylinder 14 is regulated with the aid of an adjustable slide 26. The pellets 28 are preferably made made of a thermoplastic material. As examples of plastics which can be used in accordance with the invention, the following are given called: nylon (types 6, 6-6, 6-10, 6-11), polypropylene, polycarbonate (Lexan), acetals (Delrin), acrylic resins, polyethylene,

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Polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride and combinations of with a polyester «

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a bearing 30 is provided on the end of the screw 16 facing away from the motor 20. In this camp the free end of the screw 16 is mounted so that this screw can rotate about its longitudinal axis. The camp 50 will in turn supported by an extrusion screw 32 similar to the screw 16. The screw 32 is in an extruder barrel 34 arranged, which is enclosed by a heating device 36 is. The heating device 36 is designed similarly to that above-described heating device 18 «

A motor 38 is shown in FIG. 3 with the left end of the Connected screw 32. The motors 20 and 38 are preferably variable speed motors. Preferably the speed of motor 38 is up to $ 50 higher than that of the motor 20, so that the worm 32 was calibrated Can rotate up to $ 50 faster than the worm 16.

The cylinder 34 is accommodated in a housing 40. Furthermore, an output container 42 is provided, the outlet with the cylinder 34 is in communication. The container 42 is structurally separate from the outlet 44 and is provided with a vibrator 46 equipped. The supply of fillers to the cylinder 34 can be regulated in the manner described with the aid of a slide The operating speed of the vibrator 46 can also be varied for the same purpose. There are numerous known devices are available that make it possible to compare the speed of the feed of the filler material

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To regulate the speed of the supply of the plastic pellets 28 to the cylinder 14.

The screw 32 carries a tapered extension 48 which partially protrudes into a heatable extrusion die 50 which has a plurality of channels and which is connected to the adjacent end of the cylinder 40 with a sealing effect. According to FIG. 4, the extrusion die 50 may for example three orifices 52, 54 and 56 be provided _o The selected as an embodiment of device 10, for example, is capable of simultaneously produce three massive rods 62.

A conveyor belt 58 is also provided to receive the extruded products, e.g., the bars 62, and take them up away from the extrusion die 50. The rods 62 are splashed with water to allow them to cool quickly and freeze; spray nozzles which are connected to a distribution line 60 are provided for this purpose. After graduation In this treatment, the rods 62 are cut into pieces, the length of which is between about 3.2 mm and several feet (about 300 mm) which, as already mentioned, depends on the type of product to be manufactured from it. To this end any suitable cutting or shredding device known in the art can be provided.

By suitable experiments it is possible to establish the desired relationship between the feed rate of the milling material to the cylinder 40 and the feeding speed of the plastic to the cylinder 14. As the filling material mixed with the plastic in cylinder 40 where the

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Plastic is in the liquid or semi-liquid state, the particles of the filler are surrounded by the plastic. envelops so that the filler can not have a harmful effect on the device. The amount of filler material attached can be varied according to the properties of the filler material. , - ■,

If the filling material is abrasive grains that pass a sieve with ÖO up to 320 meshes per inch, the proportion of the abrasive in the plastic is preferably 20 percent by weight. However, the proportion of abrasive used as a filler material can be varied between!? and 60 # vary. If shredded glass fibers are used as filler material, the proportion of glass fibers in the plastic is the same preferably 20 to 30 percent by weight, but you can also choose a proportion in the range between 1 and 50 $. When using of asbestos, the percentage by weight corresponds to the values given above for abrasive grains. at The abrasive grains can be aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or trade diamond dust.

It is often desirable to make the article 62 in a crimped form in order to improve its properties. Around To effect such a curl, the bars 62 are passed between corrugated rollers after they have emerged from the nozzles of the extrusion tool have leaked, and before they are old water splashed in the manner described.

Furthermore, it is often desirable to manufacture a product in which the filling material in all parts of a "Hau}" of the rod

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or the like is distributed. For this purpose, the product can first be in the form of a Manufacture Rohrs. After this product has been cut into pieces of the desired length, the pipe sections be filled with a solid rod in any suitable manner. Alternatively, one could use a compound Generate rod, with the help of an extrusion tool resembling a cross head, by means of which the filler material containing skin is pressed around a solid core, this core made of the same material or from another material with completely different properties. For example, the core could be made of metal by a wire are formed. In this way it is possible to achieve that in the end product the filler material in all parts of a Skin of the product is distributed over a depth that corresponds to the wall thickness of the pipe used.

The above indication that the screw 32 with a revolves higher speed than the screw 16, is based on the assumption that the screws are the same length and the same other Have dimensions. The screws can be driven at the same speed, or the screw 16 can be faster revolve »than the worm 32 if the dimensions of the worm 32 are larger than those of the screw 16, so that the screw 32 has a larger capacity. In any case it is desired that the cylinder 40 dispense a greater amount of material than the cylinder 14.

Furthermore, in many cases it is desirable to use the product

62 «It is known, for example, to use thermoplastic materials

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to orientate them in order to increase their tensile strength. If brushes are made from product 62, and if brushes like that are driven at high speed, it is found that the bristles elongate if the product 62 is not oriented beforehand has been. If an oriented product is to be made, the product 62 can be cut before cutting Submit stretching process. For this purpose, one could, for example, let the cooled product 62 run over so-called godet rollers, which are driven at different speeds. Other known Beck methods can also be used. Thereafter the oriented product can be curled and then cut into pieces of the desired length such a crimp can be dispensed with.

It should be noted that in the embodiments described above, various modifications and Can provide modifications without departing from the scope of the invention. *

Patent claims :

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Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS 1ol process to extrude a massi / es or to produce a hollow plastic product, comprising measures to remove a granular plastic from a feed container to a heated extruder with a revolving screw, so that the plastic is preplasticized and liquefied is to learn to convey the liquefied plastic with the help of the rotary motion of the screw through an extrusion die, to cool the pressed product and then to cut the product into pieces, characterized in that from a separate feed container (42) an abrasive filler material or an abrasive to the liquefied plastic inside the extruder is fed at a point where the extruder has a higher operating speed or has a larger capacity than where the feed container (22) for the conical Plastic (28) is located. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler material is selected from the group which includes aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and diamond dust, and that the grain size of the filler material is such that the material passes through an area of 80 to 320 meshes per inch. , 3 «The method according to claim 1, wherein the way of extrusion manufactured product is hollow, thus g e Jt e η η - 109823/1516 draws that the hollow product after cutting the product in pieces is filled with a filling so that a solid core is created so that a rod is obtained, in which the filling material is distributed over a depth that corresponds to the thickness or the v / and strength of the originally pressed pipe is equivalent to. · 4. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim, characterized in that the extruder (10) comprises a first cylinder (14) in which a first screw (16) is arranged, to which the granular plastic (28) is fed is, as well as a second cylinder (40) in which a second screw (32) is arranged, wherein an ". Auf gas container (42) is provided for the filling material or the abrasive which is in communication with the second cylinder. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that each screw (16, 32) is a separate one Motor (20, 58) is assigned, wherein the one motor (38) can be operated at a higher speed than the other Engine (20). 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the extruder (10) has two separate cylinders (14, 34), which are in communication with each other, wherein the throughput of the second cylinder (34) is greater than that of the first cylinder (14). 7. Apparatus naph claim 6, characterized in that; g β ke η η - · shows that the two cylinders (Τ4 · »Ι3ί4φ Pp are arranged so that their axes are perpendicular to each other {vi '. ■' ■. ■■ · '-' ■ 'V ■ ■' "> \ \ 10 9Ä23 / 151 6 -