DE171670C

DE171670C -

Info

Publication number: DE171670C
Application number: DENDAT171670D
Authority: DE

Description

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KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Bei Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit langsamer Verbrennung, bei denen also der Brennstoff während seines Eintritts in den Verbrennungsraum des Arbeitszylinders proportional der Kolbengeschwindigkeit verbrennen soll, besteht eine Schwierigkeit darin, daß jedes Brennstoffteilchen nun auch sofort, nachdem es in den Verbrennungsraum eingetreten ist, entzündet wird. Wenn nämlichIn internal combustion engines with slow combustion, i.e. where the fuel is used proportional during its entry into the combustion chamber of the working cylinder to burn the piston speed, a difficulty is that every fuel particle now also immediately after it has entered the combustion chamber is ignited. If namely

ίο nur die Spitze des eintretenden Brennstoff-Stromes entzündet wird, so muß sich die Verbrennung vermöge der gegenseitigen Zündung der benachbarten Brennstoffteilchen dem Brennstoffstrome entgegen fortpflanzen. Diese Fortpflanzung geschieht natürlich mit einer Geschwindigkeit, die gleich der Zündgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffes ist. Ist nun die Geschwindigkeit des eintretenden Brennstoffstromes größer als die Zündgeschwindigkeit, so wird die Flamme von der Eintrittsstelle weggeblasen, wie man z. B. an jeder offenen Gasflamme beobachten kann, wenn der Gasdruck und damit die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Gases zu groß ist. Damit ist natürlich die Möglichkeit, die Verbrennung zwangläufig zu regeln, ausgeschlossen.ίο only the tip of the incoming fuel stream is ignited, the combustion must be due to the mutual ignition of the neighboring fuel particles Propagate fuel streams in the opposite direction. This reproduction occurs naturally with one Speed equal to the ignition speed of the fuel. Now is the speed the entering fuel flow is greater than the ignition speed, the flame from the entry point blown away, how to z. B. at any open gas flame can be observed when the gas pressure and so the exit velocity of the gas is too great. So that's natural the possibility of forcibly regulating the combustion is excluded.

Um dies zu verhüten, müßte also die Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffstromes im Maximum gleich der Zündgeschwindigkeit sein, und da diese verhältnismäßig klein ist, würden sich außerordentlich große Querschnitte für die Einströmungsöffnung ergeben, da ja in einer bestimmten Zeit eine bestimmte Brennstoffmenge in den Verbrennungsraum eingeführt sein muß.In order to prevent this, the entry velocity would have to be of the fuel flow must be at the maximum equal to the ignition speed, and since this is relatively small, there would be extraordinarily large cross-sections for the inflow opening, because in a certain time a certain amount of fuel enters the combustion chamber must be introduced.

Um dies zu vermeiden, muß die Zündung der einzelnen Brennstoffteilchen von der Zündgeschwindigkeit unabhängig gemacht werden, d. h. es muß, während der Brennstoff in den Verbrennungsraum einströmt, jedes Brennstoffteilchen, sobald es die Eintrittsöffnung verlassen hat, neu entzündet werden.To avoid this, the ignition of the individual fuel particles from the Ignition rate can be made independent, d. H. it must while the fuel Each fuel particle flows into the combustion chamber as soon as it enters the inlet opening has left to be reignited.

Es sind nun Verbrennungskraftmaschinen bekannt, bei denen mit dem Brennstoffstrom kurz vor der Zündung ein Luftstrom zusammentrifft, um dem Brennstoff den zur Verbrennung nötigen Sauerstoff zuzuführen. Die Zündung erfolgt jedoch stets unabhängig hiervon, entweder durch Selbstzündung oder z. B. dadurch, daß der Brennstoff mit an einer Stelle des Verbrennungsraumes zurückgebliebenen Abgasen in Berührung kommt. Zum Unterschiede hiervon soll gemäß dem den Gegenstand der Erfindung bildenden Verfahren die fortwährende Zündung dadurch bewirkt werden, daß ein in irgend einer Weise auf die Entzündungstemperatur des Brennstoffs erhitzter Luftstrom mit dem Brennstoffstrom an der Stelle, an welcher dieser in den Verbrennungsraum eintritt, zusammengeführt wird, wie in Fig. 1 der beiliegenden Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt ist, und daß mindestens ebenso lange, wie der Brennstoff in diesen Raum einströmt, auch heiße Zündungsluft zugeführt wird. Während also bei bekannten Maschinen die mit dem Brennstoff zusammengeführte Luft nur den zur Verbrennung nötigen Sauerstoff liefern soll und darum möglichst rein seinInternal combustion engines are now known in which the fuel flow a stream of air meets shortly before ignition in order to supply the fuel with the oxygen required for combustion. The ignition always takes place independently of this, either by self-ignition or z. B. in that the fuel remained with at one point in the combustion chamber Comes into contact with exhaust gases. To distinguish therefrom, according to the forming the subject of the invention The continuous ignition are caused by the fact that a in any a flow of air heated to the ignition temperature of the fuel with the Fuel flow merged at the point at which it enters the combustion chamber is, as shown schematically in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is, and that at least as long as the fuel flows into this space, hot ignition air is also supplied. So while with known machines the Air combined with the fuel only provides the oxygen necessary for combustion should deliver and therefore be as pure as possible

Claims

I 7-1 must and even be cooled as much as possible in order to achieve an intimate mixture between fuel and air before ignition, in this working method the highly heated air, which can even be mixed with exhaust gas residues, becomes the fuel flow that was previously mixed with air can be fed continuously in order to effect a continuous ignition of the same in the simplest possible way. This type of continuous ignition also has the advantage that with the same the igniting body with the ignited remains for some time in relative rest, whereby the heating of the fuel particles necessary for ignition takes place more safely than when z. B. the fuel flow sweeps past a glowing plate or a glow tube. This flow of hot air can now be effected in various ways. In Fig. 2 is shown schematically how the pushed by the piston α into the combustion chamber b fuel from the pipe c, which can be heated from the outside, in the manner of an injector sucks the hot air, so that as long as fuel in the combustion chamber occurs, hot ignition air is also sucked in. The pipe c must of course, so that a suction effect can occur at all, be connected to the combustion chamber b on the side opposite the injector d. Fig. 3 shows the reverse arrangement, in which the hot air is pressed through the piston e into the combustion chamber f and in this case from the pipe g the fuel, which during the compression stroke in some way, for. B. was brought into this tube through the valve h, sucks. In this machine, the air is heated to the ignition temperature of the fuel in the following way. If the combustion chamber is blown out in the exhaust period with cold air entering through valve i in a known manner, at the same time z. B. through the circumference of the cylinder k, exposed by the piston e slots / or through a correspondingly arranged valve air is blown into the cylinder k, which is preheated so much that it is heated by the subsequent compression to above the ignition temperature of the fuel. The merging of the air flow with the fuel flow and the movement of the same can of course also be effected in other ways. The movement of the ignition air, i.e. the production of an uninterrupted stream, presents no difficulties if the space in which it is located is constantly connected to the compression chamber of the working cylinder, so that the ignition air, in order to cause a flow, is only within this space needs to be moved from one place to another. Godfather ν τ-Α ν Proverbs:

1. Working method for internal combustion engines, characterized in that that with the fuel flow, at the point where it enters the combustion chamber of the working cylinder enters, a stream of air heated to the ignition temperature of the fuel meets during the entire duration of the inflow of this fuel stream, so that every single fuel particle as soon as it enters the Combustion chamber is ignited independently of the previous particles already ignited, to which Purposes, the rate of combustion from the natural ignition rate to make independent.

2. A working method according to claim I, characterized in that, while the combustion chamber at the exhaust is blown out with cold air in a known manner, into the displacement chamber Air is blown in, which is so much preheated that it is in the subsequent Compression reaches the ignition temperature of the fuel.

1 sheet of drawings.