DE1703933A1 - Method and device for clearing mine barriers - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for clearing mine barriers

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the removal of mine barriers or other obstacles in which those are located on a passage to be cleared Mines by means of an explosive charge laid across the barrier, impinging on a relatively large area detonated and rendered harmless.

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In addition to overcoming mine barrier belts by clearing the explosive devices by hand, by triggering the mines individually by means of rollers or clappers or by removing them with a scraper, it has also been suggested that Breaches or alleys through the mine-contaminated area by means of a blast over the entire width of the belt achieve in order to destroy the mines in this way, at least the pressure-sensitive detonators of the mines to respond to bring and after the detonation of the explosive device to enable a safe crossing of the barrier.

For this purpose, a flexible explosive charge is generally used, which is laid over the mine barrier in various ways, for example by means of rockets. Detonating cords or several detonating cords tied together like a ladder were mostly used as explosives (EXPOSITION DE MATERIEL D ¹ ARMEMENT TERRESTRE, SATORY I967, page 206).

In some cases another method is used in which a plastic explosive, e.g. from is squeezed out of a nozzle and pushed over the mine barrier in the form of a tape.

Although the known devices for laying a clearing explosive charge require cumbersome preparation and a

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require great technical effort, they do not work reliably and flawlessly. In addition, the Transporting the explosives to the place of use poses a risk that should not be underestimated for operating personnel and transport vehicles represent.

The object on which the invention is based is to develop the methods known for overcoming mine barriers to improve the supply of the necessary for a demolition Means for the operating team and transport vehicles to make safe and the relocation of Simplify explosives.

The invention is to be seen in the fact that the explosive charge as an explosive gas or gas mixture or a mixture of gas and liquid and / or solid components, e.g. in the form of an explosive foam, over which the barrier is placed.

The use of homogeneous gases capable of detonation is theoretically possible. Even so, be with consideration on the complicated and dangerous handling of homogeneous gases in practice generally mixtures of preferably find two gaseous components or suspensions as smoke or mist in a gas use. The latter th mixture, the gas can also be normal air.

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The advantages achieved by the invention are evident. Gases can be stored safely in cylinders, for example under high pressure or in a liquefied state and transport. The mixing of the components to form an explosive gas or a mixture of the above Art only needs to be done immediately before the blast, so that there is no danger to the operating personnel and the transport vehicles are excluded until then. Also one can order weight and transport space To save, use air as one of the gases, which before the detonation by means of a blower with e.g. acetylene is processed with explosive explosive gas. The introduction of an oxygen component in bottles or the like. this is not applicable and the transport space is saved.

The composition of the gaseous explosive can take place in a stoichiometric ratio. According to the invention it is additionally proposed that the explosive gas mixture can also contain an excess of fuel, which reacts abruptly with the oxygen in the air after a first explosion, i.e. after the initial detonation a post-explosion of the as yet unreacted residues with the oxygen in the air takes place.

The invention is further characterized by the use a multi-component mixture of gases and mist-

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or liquid or solid substances distributed in dust-like form, as well as foams * with a first explosion a gas mixture and in a second explosion the liquid or solid particles mixed with the oxygen in the air react. In this case, a reactive dust can be mixed with the surrounding air as a result of the first reaction that the immediately following second reaction takes place as a dust explosion. For example, a Such an explosive gas may be composed of hydrogen and oxygen, but it is also possible to use acetylene or Carbon disulfide with oxygen or both fuels apply with air. However, the invention is not restricted to the use of the substances mentioned, but extends generally applies to all explosive gas mixtures or homogeneous gases.

The simplest arrangement of the explosive gas, explosive foam or gas mixture over the mine barrier to be broken can be take place freely in the air space, for example by blowing out a portion of the fuel when flying over the barrier a missile designed as a carrier. The sinking fuel forms an explosive one with the oxygen in the air Mixture, which, ignited immediately after its propagation, caused a detonation shock on the earth and thus on the Mines or their release links.

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BATH ORIGINAL

With such a procedure or arrangement, only small amounts of fuel are necessary to create a trail of fire to lay over the mine barrier with a high-energy shock wave. The disadvantage here is that the blown substances, if they are droplets, foam bubbles or dusty solids, they quickly sink to the bottom. If, however, gases are used, they will diffuse into the air, and the faster the more air movement prevails «In the wind, the concentration would drop very quickly to values that a detonation would not Allow more «, In addition, the potentially explosive space could be locally displaced by undesired air movement, i.e. from be pushed back from the mine barrier and blown away.

According to the invention, these difficulties are avoided by the fact that to take up the explosive gases or the explosive Gas-liquid or gas-solid mixture a hose-like gas- and pressure-tight flexible and elongated The container is used, which is laid over the barrier to be removed and the contents of which are ignited. This container is advantageously wound up in a spiral in the unfilled state, which, at the edge of the to be removed Mine barrier applied, automatically when inflated with the explosive gas or the explosive gas mixture or foam unrolls and lays over the lock.

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BAD ORtGlNAL

According to the invention, hoses are arranged approximately parallel to one another by means of hose-like cross connections Completed to form a mat that, when folded and rolled up, both unrolls and unrolls when inflated unfolded to the sides.

Such hose mats can, for example, made of plastic or the like. can be manufactured in the appropriate shape and size at low cost. They are thin-walled and yet relatively tear-resistant, so that they can be laid in the open without damage.

Because compressed gases propagate the explosion faster, at speeds comparable to those of solid explosives come close, it is advantageous if the containers are pressure-tight at least to a certain extent.

With regard to the dimensioning of the cross-sectional area of the Explosive hoses or mats, it is necessary to determine the required quantities of gas and their weights with those to compare the gelatinous or solid explosives used so far, especially as a result of the application of the The advantages achieved by the object of the invention are particularly evident.

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The following explanations are based on the use of oxyhydrogen. But the invention is based on this in no way limited, but have the underlying knowledge for all explosive gases, Explosive foams and gas mixtures valid.

Oxyhydrogen, for example, has a density of around 1.2 kg / m 2. Compared to the density of conventional explosive charges with a solid nature of about 1.5DO to 1.750 kg / nr this that less than one thousand and five hundredths of units of weight of the explosive gas compared to conventional explosives can be used, albeit the same explosive volume is taken as a basis. In other words, instead of a detonating cord cross-section of

1.5 cm a tube of around 250 mm diameter with explosive gas be filled to a wide lane through a mine barrier to blow up. For example, for the passage of armored vehicles, it is necessary to have a number of such vehicles Arrange hoses side by side with spaces in between. One Arrangement of hoses lengthways and crossways with a diameter of 100 to 300 mm, with a grid spacing of 100 to 500 mm attached will be sufficient for this purpose. The hoses and their cross connections are made with explosive gas filled. The detonation initiated at one point spreads quickly through the longitudinal and transverse tubes

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BATH ORIGINAL

over the entire barrier width from «V / he experiments have shown Blasting evacuation is also possible if the blasting hoses or mats detonate at a certain distance from the floor. In this case, too, that's enough pressure exerted on the ground to detonate the mines.

It is within the scope of the invention that a container containing the blasting mixture or the blasting foam flies over the barrier and expels the blasting foam over the barrier. This can be the recoil of the ejected Foam can be used for the forward and / or buoyancy of the plug body.

According to the invention, the container for the explosive is provided with discharge openings, e.g. nozzles or a jet pipe, through which, for example, the foam is sprayed over the barrier. Finally, according to the invention, the container can also be arranged on a vehicle and equipped with an adjustable jet pipe, through which it allows e.g. to lay an explosive foam carpet up to a certain limit directly across the entire width of the barrier belt.

On the drawing are various for the practice of the invention Process suitable hose mats as well as the

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Laying such a mat and a carpet made of explosive foam through a vehicle or a plug body, for example shown.

Show it

Fig. 1 shows a hose mat for blasting a wide alley, e.g. by vehicles with large gauge, such as armored vehicles or tractors, can be driven through;

Fig. 2 shows a light and narrow design of a hose mat, which is then used, for example can be found if only a narrow passage is blasted into a mine belt got to;

Fig. 3 shows one consisting of three longitudinal tubes, Middle blast mat connected by herringbone-like arranged cross tubes Broad;

4 shows the laying of a hose mat by an armored vehicle;

5 shows the spraying of an explosive foam by a missile and

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6 shows the laying of a show carpet by a caterpillar vehicle.

Four longitudinal hoses 1 to 4 are in at their filling end a common mouthpiece 9 combined by means of inclined intermediate hose pieces 5 to 8. On the conical Mouthpiece 9 is connected to a filling hose 10 and the introduction for an ignition wire 11 is provided. in the A suitable igniter is arranged inside the mouthpiece 9.

Between the approximately parallel longitudinal tubes 1 to 4 are connecting tubes 27 to J> 2. etc. arranged so that each rectangular fields are delimited by the tubes. The hoses are at such a distance from one another that at any point of the mentioned fields the explosive effect when the hose contents detonate is sufficient to trigger the detonators of the mines hidden in the grid fields or next to the hoses.

According to FIG. 2 12 debouching parallel longitudinal hoses \ J> are in a mouthpiece _t 14 by connecting hoses 15 * 16 is connected to a ladder-like construction. When rolled up, the hose takes up little space and several such explosive hoses can be placed next to each other.

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be placed when wider alleys in a mine belt to be blown up.

Another blasting hose mat ~ $ K according to FIG. J5 consists of three longitudinal hoses 18, 19 and 20, which are connected by cross hoses 21, 22, 2j5, 24 etc. arranged in a herringbone pattern. The mouthpiece 25 of the blasting hose mat is connected to a filling hose 26 and equipped with an inlet for the electrical ignition wire J>Z> . To transport the device, the outer hoses are folded towards the middle before the empty hose mat is rolled up so that the longitudinal hoses 18 to 20 lie next to one another. When it is wound up, a roll is created which is only slightly more voluminous than the roll of the hose mat according to FIG. 2, which is about half the narrower.

Figure 4 shows the laying of a hose mat from one Armored vehicle. The latter drives in front of the mine barrier, where the hose reel moves in the direction of travel of the vehicle this is lowered to the ground and connected. By filling in a e.g. gaseous or foamy The hose rolls up automatically and lies over the barrier. The means of an ignition device Detonation initiated with a delay spreads quickly through the longitudinal and transverse hoses over the

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Blocking width. The laid mines are also rendered harmless if the explosive hoses are in one detonate at a certain distance from the ground.

A remote-controlled missile 35 according to FIG. 5 is equipped with wings 42 and nozzles J> 6 for spraying an explosive foam 37. This is ejected during the flight, falls to the ground and lies like a carpet 38 on the overflown area of a mined area. The recoil of the explosive foam emerging from the flying container can be used to propel and / or lift the missile. The deposited explosive foam carpet is ignited by means of a device (not shown).

FIG. 6 shows another device for applying explosive foam. Inside a caterpillar 39 is a container 40 housed, which contains the components required to produce the foam. By means of a adjustable jet pipe 41, the foam is mined from the stationary or moving vehicle over the area to be cleared Relocated area and then ignited by means of a device, not shown.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Procedure for the removal of mine barriers or similar obstacles in which the on one to clearing passage located by means of a laid across the barrier, a relatively large one The explosive charge acting on the surface can be detonated and rendered harmless, characterized in that the explosive charge is an explosive Gas or a gas mixture or a mixture of gas and liquid and / or solid components, e.g. a foam. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive gas mixture is a fuel Contains excess, which reacts abruptly with the oxygen in the air after the first explosion. 3. Process according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by the use of a multicomponent mixture from gases and liquid or solid substances distributed in it like a mist or dust, e.g. in -15- 209812/0027 Form of a foam, with part of the gas mixture in a first explosion and part of the gas mixture in a second Explosion, the liquid or solid particles mixed with the oxygen in the air react. 4 ·. Device for performing the method according to the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that to accommodate the explosive gases or the explosive Gas-liquid or gas-pesticide mixture or foam a hose-like gas- and pressure-tight, flexible and elongated container (34) is used, the over the barrier to be removed is relocated and ignited. 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the flexible container (j54) is unfilled is wound into a spiral, which, placed on the edge of the mine barrier to be cleared, moves when inflated automatically unrolled with explosives and placed over the barrier, 6. Device according to one or more of the claims received before, characterized in that that approximately parallel to each other arranged hoses (18 to 20) by means of hose-like cross connections (21 to -16-, 209812/0027 24) are supplemented to form a mat (^ 4), which are folded together and rolled up, when inflated it automatically both unrolls and unfolds to the sides. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a missile (35) * containing the explosive foam or its components, which flies over the barrier and ejects and spreads the explosive (37) over the barrier, the recoil of the ejected explosive is used for the forward and / or buoyancy of the plug body. 8. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a container (40) for the explosive with an adjustable discharge opening (4l), e.g. a jet pipe which a disintegrant, e.g. an explosive foam (37) »is injected over the barrier. 209812/002 7 Blank page