DE167022C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE167022C DE167022C DE1903167022D DE167022DA DE167022C DE 167022 C DE167022 C DE 167022C DE 1903167022 D DE1903167022 D DE 1903167022D DE 167022D A DE167022D A DE 167022DA DE 167022 C DE167022 C DE 167022C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- ammonia
- gases
- hot
- concentrated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organs Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036826 Excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/102—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids containing free acid
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
ptVz. cUU^\X<yd\ fa-aac ptVz. c UU ^ \ X <yd \ fa-aac
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
KLASSEGREAT
Die Gewinnung von Ammoniak und Ammoniakverbindungen aus den Destillationsgasen von Kohle, Holz, Torf usw. erfolgte bisher durch Behandlung mit Wasser oder mit Säuren. In letzterem Falle wurde die Säure, selbst wenn sie anfänglich in konzentriertem Zustande zur Verwendung gelangt, durch den hohen Gehalt der Destillationsgase an Wasserdampf sehr rasch verdünnt, indemThe extraction of ammonia and ammonia compounds from the distillation gases of coal, wood, peat, etc. took place up to now by treatment with water or with acids. In the latter case, the Acid, even if it is initially used in a concentrated state, very quickly diluted by the high content of water vapor in the distillation gases by
ίο der Wasserdampf bei der zur Anwendung gelangenden gewöhnlichen Temperatur sich in der Säure kondensierte.ίο the water vapor at the usual temperature used condensed in the acid.
Es ist zwar auch schon ■ vorgeschlagen worden, die von der Vorlage kommenden, also heißen Gase über konzentrierte Schwefelsäure von 50 bis 550 Be. zu leiten; indessen läßt dieses Verfahren keinen guten Erfolg erwarten, da die Teerabscheidung auf der Oberfläche der Säure der Absorption des Ammoniaks bald hinderlich werden dürfte.It has also already been proposed that the gases coming from the template, ie hot gases, via concentrated sulfuric acid of 50 to 55 0 Be. to direct; however, this process is not expected to be very successful, since the tar deposition on the surface of the acid will soon become a hindrance to the absorption of the ammonia.
Die den Gegenstand der Erfindung bildende Neuerung besteht nun darin, daß die Destillationsgase in feiner Verteilung durch geeignete konzentrierte Säuren, z. B. Schwefelsäure von 6o° Be., bei einer solchen Temperatur geleitet werden, daß die Ammoniaksalze sich direkt in fester Form ausscheiden. Sie werden aus der heißen Flüssigkeit in bekannter Weise ausgeschöpft, und der Zulauf frischer Säure wird nach Bedarf geregelt. Die erforderliche Temperatur der Flüssigkeit wird durch die heißen Destillationsgase selbst erzeugt und innegehalten.The innovation forming the subject of the invention is that the distillation gases finely divided by suitable concentrated acids, e.g. B. sulfuric acid of 60 ° Be., are passed at such a temperature that the ammonia salts excrete directly in solid form. You will be known from the hot liquid in Wise exhausted, and the supply of fresh acid is regulated as required. The required temperature of the liquid is generated and paused by the hot distillation gases itself.
Die Behandlung der heißen Gase mit konzentrierter Schwefelsäure erfolgt in der Weise, daß das Gasleitungsrohr mit einer kastenartigen Erweiterung in die in offenem Trog befindliche Säure eintaucht und daß auch die in der kastenartigen Erweiterung angebrachten Einleitungsorgane in' die Schwefelsäure ein- ^0 tauchen. Bei diesem Prozeß, der bei einer hohen Temperatur verläuft — die Temperatur der Säure in den Trögen außerhalb der Einleitungsorgane wird zu etwa 90 ° gemessen —, wird Wasserdampf in erheblicher Menge nicht kondensiert, sondern mit dem größeren Teil des Teers weitergeführt. Ein Drittel des Teers sammelt sich als Schicht auf der Schwefelsäure an und wird zeitweilig abgeschöpft oder abgeschoben.The treatment of the hot gases with concentrated sulfuric acid is carried out in such a manner that the gas pipe dips with a box-like extension in the contained in an open trough acid and also that mounted in the box-like extension Introduction organs in 'turn the sulfuric ^ 0 dive. In this process, which takes place at a high temperature - the temperature of the acid in the troughs outside the inlet organs is measured at about 90 ° - a considerable amount of water vapor is not condensed, but carried on with the greater part of the tar. A third of the tar collects as a layer on the sulfuric acid and is temporarily skimmed off or pushed off.
Das abgeschiedene und ausgeschöpfte schwefelsaure Ammoniak hat einen einfachen Waschprozeß durchzumachen.The separated and exhausted sulfuric acid ammonia has a simple one Going through washing process.
Die beiliegende Zeichnung veranschaulicht einen Apparat zur Ausführung des neuen Verfahrens. In den mit konzentrierter Säure gefüllten Behälter α taucht ein nach unten offener Kasten b mit mehreren Kammern c c1 c2 c3 c4 und d d1 d2 ds d4, deren Zwischenwände unten gezahnt sind. Quer über diesen Kammern liegen die Rohre e und f, von welchen e mit den Kammern c c1 c2 c3 c4, / mit den Kammern d dl d2 ds d* durch Öffnungen in Verbindung stehen.The accompanying drawing illustrates an apparatus for carrying out the new process. A downwardly open box b with several chambers cc 1 c 2 c 3 c 4 and dd 1 d 2 d s d 4 , the partitions of which are toothed at the bottom, is immersed in the container α filled with concentrated acid. The tubes e and f lie across these chambers, of which e are connected to the chambers cc 1 c 2 c 3 c 4 , / with the chambers dd l d 2 d s d * through openings.
Die Gase gelangen aus dem Verteilungs-The gases come out of the distribution
streichen unter den gezahnten Zwischenwänden in feiner Verteilung die Säure, treten in die Kammern d d1 d% da di und aus diesen in das Sammelrohr f, an welches die Rohrleitung zur Weiterführung der Gase angeschlossen ist.paint the acid in a fine distribution under the toothed partition walls, enter the chambers dd 1 d % d a d i and from these into the collecting pipe f, to which the pipeline for the continuation of the gases is connected.
Gegenüber den bisher üblichen Verfahren bedeutet die Neuerung folgenden wesentlichen Fortschritt:Compared to the previously common methods, the innovation means the following essentials Progress:
a) Die Ammoniaksalze werden unmittelbar in fester, nahezu reiner Form gewonnen. Die erheblichen Kosten für das Eindampfen der verdünnten Lösungen behufs Ausscheidung der festen Ammoniakverbindungen fallen weg.a) The ammonia salts are obtained directly in a solid, almost pure form. The considerable cost of evaporating the diluted solutions for excretion of the solid ammonia compounds are eliminated.
b) Im Vergleich mit dem zur Zeit am meisten verbreiteten Verfahren, dem Waschen mit Wasser, sind die Vorteile noch wesentlich größer, da zum vollständigen Auswaschen des Ammoniaks aus den Gasen große Wassermengen erforderlich sind. Diese müssen entweder , nachdem das freie Ammoniak an Säure gebunden ist, zur Ausscheidung der Ammoniakverbindungen stark eingedampft oder mit Kalkzusatz destilliert werden, um das Ammoniak vollständig auszutreiben und in Säure oder Wasser aufzufangen.b) In comparison with the most common method currently used, washing with water, the benefits are even greater since it is completely washed out the ammonia from the gases requires large amounts of water. These must be either After the free ammonia is bound to acid, it is strongly evaporated to eliminate the ammonia compounds or distilled with the addition of lime to drive off the ammonia completely and to be collected in acid or water.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT28606D AT28606B (en) | 1903-02-04 | 1905-11-20 | Process for separating ammonia from the gases of dry distillation of coal, wood, peat and the like. like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE167022C true DE167022C (en) |
Family
ID=432372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1903167022D Expired - Lifetime DE167022C (en) | 1903-02-04 | 1903-02-04 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE167022C (en) |
-
1903
- 1903-02-04 DE DE1903167022D patent/DE167022C/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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