DE1660460A1 - Process for producing fiber bundles from the bark of sugar cane - Google Patents

Description

Expl.

Process for the production of fiber clusters from the bark of the <Sugar cane.

The invention relates to a method and a device for Treating sugar cane stalks to produce a commercial one Paser product from the outer bark of the stalk and to the Manufacture of various objects, such as components, from this fiber product.

Sugar is produced from sugar cane using a known process, which first of all requires the complete destruction of the whole stalk of sugar by a heavy machine, the whole Sugar cane stalks cut, crushes, tears and briohts and then under very great pressure the natural juice vigorously squeezed out * This procedure is related to the extraction of the, Juice from the whole pipe successfully * but many desirable structural properties of the bark of the stalk are destroyed. The essential trade item that is used in the known reconditioning is supposed to be obtained from sugar cane and is practically the only commodity that is usually obtained from sugar cane is the sugar juice itself, taking care of the extraction of

009083/0794

no consideration is given to other products. Pressed sugar cane falls as a by-product in the usual processing of sugar cane Sugar cane, which is the Paser or wooden cane and in the Most sugar mills are used as fuel.

It was found that the fiber structure of the bark of the sugar cane has certain desirable physical and structural properties when the fibers are used in the form of fiber bundles will. In the usual processes for processing sugar cane these desirable fiber properties are completely destroyed, and it is with the usual processes for processing sugar cane impossible to get these properties. The problem is not exhausted with the processing of the bark alone, there it is necessary to simultaneously extract the juice from the stalk as well as the bark fibers in such a form win that their properties are preserved. With the usual Methods and known devices, it is practically impossible to to extract the juice from the sugar cane and at the same time the bark fibers practically on their own and in a cohesive way To gain shape ^ so that the bark fibers for the purpose of Invention can be used.

Der'Rindenteil of sugar cane as it is referred ₌ naohstehenden containing numerous fiber bundles, which are also referred to as fibrovasale bundles are the groups of natural fibers in separate elongate units. The natural fibers of the sugar cane bark are roughly the same as the natural fibers of the reed palm and the hackberry tree, but they differ significantly

006883/0764

from the bast fibers of certain dicotyledonous plants, such as Flax, hemp, ramie and jute. The fiber bundles in the bark of the Sugar cane differ significantly from fibrovasal ones Bundling of certain monocotyledons, such as Si sal, hemp, bamboo trees, Pineapple and ristra, manila hemp and other such plants. Even though The sugar cane bark contains similarities between the natural fibers of these plants and the natural sugar cane fibers Bundles of fibers which, as has been found, the cane ^ rind especially for the manufacture of the products yet to be explained make suitable. ·.

The bark product produced according to the present invention is a very useful product which cannot be obtained with the methods and devices known for processing sugar cane. The FaserbündeIn can be processed into various forms, for example, to building panels, boards, mats · elastic films and the like. _T the many uses have. The bark product according to the invention has fiber bundles which are practically unbroken and not impaired. An effect called fiber flow, which will be explained in detail later. While the fiber bundles generally form individual strips, the fiber bundles flow or move across their length when subjected to heat and pressure. They can be compressed into a cohesive, homogeneous mass of aligned long fiber bundles, each strip losing its individuality.

009893/079 * '^ original

In the drawing is the method and apparatus of the invention and illustrates the products obtained according to the invention. Show it! ■

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the individual parts of a part of a sugar cane stalk ·

Pig. 2 a flow diagram of the process!

Pig. J a side view of a device shown schematically the invention!

4 shows a plan view of the device according to Pig * J5j

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a typical part of a Stalks of a sugar cane showing, among other things, the different types of stems;

Pig. 6 and 7 are perspective views of typical strips of bark; showing the inner and outer surfaces, respectively;

Fig. 8 _ß 9 and 10 are one Elan views of the surfaces of products from the in Figs. 6 and 7, strips
are made, and

in
Pig. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing the manufacture of a panel from the fibers of the bark.
strip illustrated. ,

009883/0794

Sugar cane is a species of grass that is found in many tropical udd suptro- ■ in some areas of the world. Fig. 1 shows a typical Part of a sugar cane stalk. This part of the straw 10 has two Node 12, between which a stalk member lies. The outer part or bark 14 of the stalk is hard and contains many fibrovasal bundles which strengthen the stalk. The inside 15 of the stem 10 consists mainly of soft pulp, which is the largest part of the sweet natural sugar juice contained. The exterior of the mature

* ■ The shoot member is generally covered with a thin water-containing film or, as it is called auoh, with a wax cuticle. Wax is also present throughout the bark part as well as on the surface. A ring 16 below the node 12 contains a high concentration of wax. A band 17 above the guard 16 is called the leaf scar. A root ligament 13 is a small part of the knot immediately above the leaf scar 17, which is generally different in terms of color from the spreader and has many tiny dots. With favorable moisture conditions, a root can develop on every potted flea, if part 10 of the Stalk is placed in the ground. Exactly above the root band 18, and, generally not clearly underneath it, there is a transition area which is referred to as the growth ring 19. The extension and the growth of the branch joint take place in this area. With favorable conditions of fire and temperature and suitable heating, a new shoot can develop from the bud 20. An enlargement of the. Durohmessers of the blade 10 can lead to a growth of the cracks 21-. ren; It can extend inwards through the entire bark.

, nen. Smaller, barely pronounced cork-like R & ssee can go lengthways

of the splint limb and separate the fibrous material of the bark over short distances. Sugarcane has Durohsohnitt about 9 wt.% Beef © and about 91 wt. # Water and soluble in Mark present © solids.

Pig, Fig. 2 schematically shows the method of the invention for preparation a fibrous object made from the bark of sugar cane. The stalks, called rait 30, are harvested, the leaves are removed and the cane can optionally be planted or planted Pipe cleaning systems are washed at 3I. According to the invention the stalks are processed separately at 32, compared to the known methods in which the stalks are processed in bulk will.

To make fiber bundles that are free of foreign matter, loosen Fibers and other parts of the stalk are, the stalk is first cleaned by removing the outer surface of the cuticle removed every stalk in 33. This naturally adheres to the bark Wax is removed as wax or powder · No attempt is made to remove the wax extending through the bark remove only the wax that is on the outer surface of the bovine duck lies, of the stalk along the bud stalk and on the Waohband according to FIG. 1 adheres. Since the wax of the sugar cane has commercial value, it can be collected and made commercially available Waohsprodukte are processed.

The thin epidermal layer of fine, loose fibers is in 35 of removed from the outer surface of the bark to expose the relatively hard, strong fiber bundles. The epidermis does not have one

94 - 6 -

structural value, and / if left unchanged, it could be essential some of the physical as well as chemical properties more often ultimately affect the bark strips produced. Since the epidermis of some types of sugar cane is very colored, for certain Purposes of use the epidermis, as will be explained, remain. It is important that from the outside of the whole zuoker cane stalk Removes dirt, wax and loose parts including the epidermis will, although, as just stated, the epidermis remain attached can. The sticking of the stalk is done without penetration or concern the paserbund carried out in the bark.

When the wax and epidermis are removed from the outer surface, the whole stalk is cut lengthways over its entire length into two parts cut up to expose the ismere pulp and dl © bark from & u-

spread what is in 37 -g © s @ hieho Öaas Ze ^ & etesiden and dlas spreading serves the purpose, finally oils Blsid © ~ ö © s stoles in se gF © D3 & pieces, as they are legally possible to get , and at the same time to open the straw to gain access to the pulp filled with juice and to remove it. However, it is also possible to divide each stalk in the longitudinal direction into more than two parts - or to make only a single longitudinal cut in one side only of the bark. ^

If the market let exposed to the "longitudinal splitting of the straw, the marrow is carefully removed in 39 of the Halmsträifen J, without squeezing the marrow for squeezing the juice. The straw is separated at this point the device in two main parts, namely the soft The pulp, which still contains most of the juice in the marrow cells, and the cleaned, fibrous parts of the cortex.

At no point is the stalk subjected to any pressure to make a to squeeze out a considerable amount of juice ", and furthermore the rind becomes ari not crushed or subjected to any other physical action than the single cutting process.

After the separation, the pulp can be processed further to extract the juice. The bark is in the form of longitudinal strips of pieces of the stalk. Sharply curved pieces of the stalk can be divided transversely ± n smaller pieces so that they are easier to handle for the method of the invention.

The bark strips are then conditioned to make the long individual fibers usable. This can be done as a substep the removal of the mark. To e.g. veneer sheets and making panels for which it is desirable to form individual bark fibers in dense and continuous particular shapes To bring about, it is beneficial to establish the natural bond between Individual fibers can be mechanically loosened or broken without as a result, the longitudinal tensile strength of the fibers is considerably weakened This can be done in various ways, e.g. by guiding the strips of bark between two rollers which serve to press the strips and flatten them to squeeze and spread the individual fibers apart through the pressure of the rollers. This can also be achieved in the catfish be that one of the bark strips in the longitudinal direction over and firmly against a stable part of a curved surface pulls, advantageously with the outer surface of the bark this surface is engaged in such a way that the strips leave the surface at an angle with respect to the direction, with which the strips engage the surface

stand. In this way, the strips from the usually curved shape are blown into a flat shape and the disk in a Ria & fcung leave the entgegeijgesetzt to the engagement with the 1st Soheibe.

. ': In a continuous process for processing sugar corn stalks, the bandage contains a small amount of moisture after the pulp has been removed. The conditioning of the bark to loosen the fibers should take place soon after the pulp has been removed and before the bark is dry because it bends and warps if you let it dry to room temperature or cool it down and it is extremely difficult to handle the bandage in it, especially in order to put the individual fibers into eating and shaping "

The ΗΐηαβηφίΓβΙίβη 40 can be washed in 4l by spraying or dipping before the conditioning carried out to loosen the fibers. It has been found d & q the strips air dry quickly! However, if the strips are to be bundled, it is desirable to cleanly run the strips through a mechanical dryer.

in
Nen handled and / one that still has to be drilled in detail

Way to be further edited.

The fii furan 3 and 4 thus show a concept according to the invention Processing ν «;;. Device serving sugar cane. Sugar cane sharks SO are introduced into the front of the device after they have been defoliated and preferably also washed. The Zuokerhalm 50 is immediately power-driven between two rollers 52 and 5 ^ recorded, which serve to put the stalk 50 in suitable catfish in bring an aligned position and guide the stalk through the device. The whole stalk 50 becomes the first one Series of treatment sites run from a rotating

Brush in the form of an iris skin consists «through which the

56 Stalk goes. The rotating brush has wire bristles or one other suitable stiff material, such as nylon, existing bristles. The bristles 56 extend radially to the longitudinal axis of the tube and they rotleren in the plane of the path of the stalk. When the brushes 56 vote and brush the outside of the surface of the blade 50, they remove cuticle wax as the blade moves forward. When the brush 56 contact the wax dust, the wax is _t taken away from the bristles and led to a recovery and processing point by a negative pressure in the conduit 57th The brushes 56 can also pick up foreign matter such as field dirt that has not been washed off. The bristles 56 are preferably of such a length and pliable that only de * Waohs are removed, but not the bursts

penetrate the bark. Bristles that have great flexibility and with rotate at high speed, are too? Removal of the wax suitable. According to the invention, the wax can also be removed other means can be used in place of the borates, such as scrapers.

- 10 -

009861/0794

.in the ·

A second rotating brush 59, the structure of which corresponds to the brush 55, is arranged at a distance and it takes the stalk

60 and 61 '

50 after it has been guided by two guiding rollers /. The brush 59 may have bristles 62 that Bristles 56 correspond, but the. in particular to remove the thin epidermal layer on the outer surface of the stalk are suitable. The epidermis and other foreign matter are passed through a line 6? discharged *

The yanze straw 50 is then driven by two other rollers 52 and 54 detects which bring the stalk 50 to a cutting device, which lies in the way of the stalk and has a fixed shape nessers or blade u4. others can also divide it up Separating devices in place of the fixed blade 64, e.g. ua moving saw will be used · Whatever shape the device used to cut the stalk has, the pith inside the stalk must not be subjected to a dztuak sufficient to squeeze out a significant amount of the juice · It is desirable to use as much juice as possible at this point in the process in the marrow for the extraction at a later point "remains

The stalk, which is now in two pieces, leaves the separating device and is carried on to the next point,

two where it spread apart and powered by 4r * 4 Aufbreitsohalben 65 and 66 is advanced. The two stalks * halves 50 are separated by successive frustoconical surfaces of the wheels 65 and 66.

INSPECTED - 11 * -

spreads and held by the discs 67 and 68 in position, both halves of the stalk are denoted by 50a and 50b. The frustoconical-conically designed surfaces of the corresponding Sides of the spreading discs 65 and 66 are used around the bark part of one half of the stalk and not around the inner soft market part capture. Since the bark is hard and rigid compared to the pulp, there is little, if any, pressure on the pulp exercised.

The halves of the stalk 50a and 50b leave in a partially opened up State the spreading discs 65 and 66 and are continued to the next point, which is a turning or straightening element which serves to turn the two halves of the stalk 50a and 50b by 1/4 turn, so that the pith or the inner part after

is directed downwards and the outer curved part of the bark is directed upwards. The directional member 70 has a vertically extending one thin plate 71, which bend in the middle part 72 to form a horizontally extending part 73. The halves of the stalk engage with and slide along part 7I, and if when they reach the horizontal part 73, they are in the correct position Location.

The next location has two flat washers 75 and 76 which guide the halves of the stalk and prepare them for the next location. Disc 75 may have a flat cylindrical surface to engage the cortex, while disc J6 is a soft, air-filled disc, both of which serve to flatten the cortex slightly and spread the halves of the stalk further apart to more complete the pith to expose, wherein

009883/0794 ^ "~~

but no such pressure is applied to squeeze a significant amount of juice from the pulp. The two disks 76 and 75 also serve to move the stem halves 50a and 50b forward into the following station, at which the stem halves have to be pushed forward relatively forcefully. The Halmhälften then come to the separation of the pith from the rind with a device 80 in engagement, is formed of a lower disposed brush roll 82 and an overhead roller 8L, which is _t is a ** # is a control roller having a flat has a cylindrical surface for engaging the upper part of the bark. The bristles 85 of the brush roller 82 rotate in the path of the set in motion halves of the stalk. The bristles 83 may be made of wire or some other suitable material and of suitable length to carefully scrape away the pith from the inside of the bark. The bristles touch the brought pith tangentially with respect to the bark. Little or no pressure is exerted on the pith by the brushes in a direction perpendicular to the path of the bark. This prevents or practically limits the amount of juice that is extracted from the pulp. The invention contemplates devices other than the described device 80 for removing the pith from the cortex.

A second device 84 is spaced from the first device device 80 arranged to separate the pith from the cortex, and this device consists of a control roller 85 and a lower Brush roller 86, which corresponds to the brush roller 82, but can have the bristles 87, which are somewhat stiffer and shorter than the bristles 83 are to ensure that practically all of the marrow

is separated from the bark. The speed of the rotating brushes can also be different, so that forces different Art to be used to remove the marrow. Additional devices, such as provisions 80 and 84, can if necessary, can also be used to remove adhering marrow. Between the devices 80 and 84 are for Guiding the halves of the stalk, co-rotating rollers 88 and 89 are arranged.

The pith removed from the inside of the bark contains the largest Part of the sugar content of the cane sugar stalk. To facilitate removal of the marrow from brushes 82 and 86, a stream, e.g., air, is forced through conduits 90 and 91 to blow the pulp off the brushes and from the bark on conveyors that take the pulp for further processing further transport for the purpose of obtaining the juice. The one in the drawing The device shown and described above shows only the treatment of a stalk; however, several devices can also be used be arranged side by side so that the same KrtCtquelle drives different parts of this device and several stalks can be processed at the same time.

Fig. 5 shows a typical part of a stalk with complete bark before processing. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate typical strips of bark, which were made according to the method of the invention and are obtained by means of the apparatus according to the invention, the outer wax and also the thin epidermal layer and the medulla have been removed »The individual fiber bundles are in general not broken and not affected, although the bark

009113/0714

something is flattened. The strips have considerable tensile strength in the longitudinal direction.

The stem part 100 shown in Fig. 5 has an outer bark 101, surrounding the inner medulla 102. The stalk nodes 103 limit the Rungs 104 and 105. The rungs of the cane are not always cylindrical; the diameter is in the longitudinal direction at different points and more often different than constant. The branches of sugar cane stalks have different shapes and these shapes are known as swelling, coiled, denoted conical, inverted conical and concave-convex. The shoot member 104 of the stalk 100 can be referred to as being spool-shaped because the central portion of the stalk member has a smaller Durohmesser than the ends of the stalk member at the knot 103 lie. The shoot member 105 of the stalk 100 can be referred to as concavo-convex. The invention relates to all types of Stem link shapes.

108
FIG. 6 shows the exterior of the portion of the strip 107 which can be obtained from the handle portion 100 of FIG. If growth cracks are originally in the bark, such growth cracks can appear in strip 107, for example at 109. Such horizontal cracks can extend through the entire thickness of the bark strip. As a result of the flattening of the strips caused by the action of the rollers, the knots tend to disappear. Even if the complete equality of the individual fiber bundles can be interrupted, there is not necessarily also a decrease in the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the strip. -ir. X? Outside of the strip

009883/0794 * Ü® CRKaswfe

- 3 '-

107 has the same general appearance as the outer surface of the stalk 10Ö. However, cork-like cracks tend to flatten out of the stripe, while they can clearly stand out in the whole stalk. The inner surface 110 of the strip 107 is shown in Fig. 7 and this has an appearance considerably different from that of the outer surface. Various individual Fiber bundles do not emerge as clearly and the surface is not as hard as the outer surface. The knots are on the Inner surface less noticeable when you look at it careful observation.

A desirable effect or phenomenon may be obtained between the long bundles of fibers of the bark where ^ through the stripes unusual for the manufacture of a wide variety of items, are well suited. A lateral movement of the individual fiber bundles can be caused, which for reasons of For the sake of simplicity, hereinafter referred to as fiber flow. this has Advantages both in terms of structure and appearance. When fiber flow is caused, the fiber bundles tend to separate SU and to the side of the longitudinal axis of the bark strip to move.

It has been found that the phenomenon of fiber flow is related of heat, pressure, time and moisture content of the bark is due. When the bark strips are subjected to sufficient heat and sufficient pressure during sufficient After time and the moisture content of the bark is sufficiently high, fiber flow occurs. The fiber bundles become evident through lignin "and maybe through

006663/0794

other naturally occurring binders held together. It seems that "the natural binders are melted or that a chemical reaction under the conditions of heat, pressure, 'Moisture and moisture enter, and that under this influence the Binding properties of the binders decrease to a sufficient extent and thus enable the fiber bundles to be moved relatively easily with respect to one another without sacrificing tensile strength or other physical properties of the individual fiber bundles be impaired or reduced. After the fa-

the adverse reaction conditions are normalized again, i.e. after the temperature has dropped and the pressure has decreased, The binding properties of the natural binders come back come into their own and hold the blind people together in their new position.

If you put several strips of bark next to each other and on top of each other and apply the conditions causing the flow of passers, then will the fiber bundles interleaved and intermingled, thereby uniting the strips into a uniform homogeneous mass of fiber bundles , which generally go in the same direction. By The fiber flow is also the growths and cork-like Cracks closed so that they are no longer visible and in some cases actually no longer exist and the various Shapes of the original stems or the curvatures of the stalk disappear,

Various objects such as panels, cladding, * veneers, floorboards and the like from the bark strips can be used

000803707 9

1660A60

of the fiber flow phenomenon. The areas of The temperature and pressure, time periods and moisture content of the bark are in varying relative proportions significant. Heat leads in connection with a high humidity » content for releasing a syrupy brown liquid, which by the find fibers from parts of low density to such high density can migrate and accumulate there. Through a

Excessive release of this brown material can cause color browns earth discolored. As it cools, the aptCi material appears to harden and set and its presence has one Influence on the resulting desirable sticky ice cream between the oriented fiber bundles. The amount to release dos brown material is the moisture content in cur

Beef

proportional; Washing and crushing the bark; before heating reduces the amount of released orange matter. In order to influence the flow of water and the desirable Lyenaehaftan To increase the number of objects to be made from the bark fiber, the release of the brown material must be regulated will. If you put pressure on the bark layers with a press, an object with an unusually soft η Surface can be obtained if there is a sufficient flow of water initiates and controls this.

It can be different adhesives or binders, either those that harden at a low or high temperature, added to the fibers in the case of the bark. Appli ^; from Holding heat and pressure together. It has been found that especially Desirable results can be obtained by using a & Aek- high temperature curing melainin adhesiveΓ

0 0 9 8 81/0794

takes. Since melamine forms formaldehyde, it can be assumed that formaldehyde with certain substances naturally occurring in the bark reacts or requires a conversion in such a way that unusually strong bonds are achieved between the fiber bundles, not achieved by using other adhesives or resins can be.

For example, there were various objects in the form of tablets.

and cladding under the following conditions and under

2 attention to the following areas divided into heart: 21.1 - 42.2 kg / cm, which were applied by a press or mold to layers of bark strips! Temperatures between 1 ^ 8 and 16O ° C, moisture content of 5-35 wt.%, And pressing times between 3 minutes and 2 1/2 hours. Numerous findings have been made, for example, that the increase in the pressure increases the density of the article and improves the fiber flow phenomenon. Rising temperatures above 13 ° C have a direct influence on an increasing release and flow of the brown material. A moisture content of the bark of at least 10% seems hei about 42.2 kg / cm and a temperature of 138 ⁰ C is required to achieve the fiber flow, but an increase of the moisture content requires less pressure. Articles with good properties were made from bark that had significantly less than 10 % moisture content, but with less fiber flux. A moisture content of the bark above 25 Jb leads to the squeezing out of water when pressure and heat are applied, which leads to the washing out of added glue or resin and also the possibility of

^INSra0TED -

Controlling fiber flow decreases. The fiber flow phenomenon does not occur immediately, but over a period of time, and under certain conditions of heat and pressure results a corresponding measure of the fiber flux.

When making objects out of the fiber of sugar cane bark, by subjecting the bark to such conditions that fiber flow occurs, an important measure when using a press or mold is that the press or mold is cooled when Pressure is exerted on the bark fiber. The press should be close cooled to 100 C or below before the press is relieved of pressure and the article is removed therefrom. The application of heat to damp bark leads to the development of water vapor and gases that pass through the mold respectively the plates of a press are held within the bark. This internal pressure must be released before the objects be released. If the press is not cooled before the pressure is released, the item has a tendency to become k to discard or swell when he is out of the press or Form "is taken and the bond between the fibers becomes disadvantageous influences and it is to be expected that the dimensions change the object.

In general, panels and panels and a variety of differently shaped objects can be made from the bark of sugar cane using the following conditions: 1.) a pressure of a press or a mold of about 21.1 kg / crt "" ,.

- 20 -

009063/0794

2.) a temperature of about I58 ⁰ C,

3.) a heating time of about 9 minutes for an object with a thickness of about 6.55 mm or less, 4.) a moisture content of the bark of about. 15 %, 5.) Cooling the press or mold below 100 ° C before releasing the pressure, when these conditions are applied to strips of bark, a variety of objects with many shapes and a noticeably soft surface can be made from these fibers. The objects have a greater strength than hardwood.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 show the surface of typical panels, which according to the invention can be made from Ririclenstrelfen. Pig, Fig. 8 shows the surface of a tablet 120 in which the

If the outer surface IO8 of the bark strips I07 is arranged, for example, that it forms the outside of the panel. Knots occur at 105 in appearance. Certain individual fiber bundles can easily be recognized will. Fig. 9 shows the outer surface of a panel 120, which e.g. is made from strips IO7, with the inner surface 110 forms the outer surface of the panel. A very dense arrangement of the fiber bundles is evident in the texture of this surface. In Fig. 10, a type of synthetic wood panel 125 made from strips such as strip 107 is shown can. The strips can be divided into small pieces of e.g. 18.0 58.0 mm. Layers of the wafers 124 are • then put in a press or mold with a binding agent and Heat and pressure exposed in this way to the fiber flow phenomenon for binding and linking the short fiber lengths into a structurally strong, composite, rigid object

009883 / 070-4 ~~

. 21 -

i Vife

-Yes-

• is

to make usable. The appearance of the board on both sides practically the same. This type of board illustrates the versatility of the bark strips. It can also be the strips of bark be broken to a standard hardboard Plate manufacture.

Boards, panels, purées and the like. Objects are more remarkable Strength can be derived from long paser blinds of the sugar cane bark strips can be produced in the following manner. Several strips are placed side by side on the lower platen of a press. One can determine the strength of the object to be manufactured in this way determine that the strips in the press in an appropriate High stacks. When making a board or a veneer, you can arrange the knots of the stalk in such a way that adjacent strips do not have adjacent knots to have. Even if the strength of the strips at the knots is in no way noticeably smaller, since there are several fiber clusters going through the knots on the inside of the bark, the overlap of the knots contributes considerably to the appearance of the panel to be produced, especially if the outside of the stalk is also the outside of the panel.

Preferably, some adhesive or binding agent is added in order to connect the strips, even if the fibers are bound to a considerable extent by substances naturally occurring in the bark and thanks to a mechanical entanglement of the fibers . The binder can be applied to each strip before it is placed in the press, or it can also be applied to the strips as required for strength

003883/0794 *

is to be applied after the strips are laid in the press are. The binder can be in dry or wet form by dipping, spraying, dusting, brushing, etc. Pressure and heat are then, as indicated above, applied to the laid strips. The size of the panel or veneer obtained depends on the size of the press and the arrangement of the strips from * You can make a board in such a way that you lay all strips in one direction, or that one transverses the strips in successive layers to one another or by making the stripes arbitrarily arranges. Various thin veneer parts are to be

one whose pressing process are connected to each other, with the fibers as with plywood in successive layers at right angles to each other. Sheets can be made with an infinite variety of surface textures and patterns will. Different patterns can be made by changing the placement of the strips. The strips can be cut into different shapes to create different patterns or textures. -

One can make strips of bark and leave the epidermis on them, and since the epidermis of various canes are of considerable color, this can be used to great advantage. Mau can therefore produce panels with colored surfaces by using strips with the epidermis, which form the outer surface of the panels to be produced. If π: ε.η whole strips with long, unaffected fiber bundles ils., Inside of the board are used, the thickness of the board is increased.

Ö0S8S3 /

right, although the pasers on the surface are little or do not contribute to the strength of the board *

The strips can, as shown in FIG. 11, in rolls I30 getting produced. Such roles consist of uninterrupted Fiber bundles in = uninterrupted manner over the entire length each role lie next to each other. The fibers can run longitudinally or transversely if the strips are processed in rolls, and the Rolls can be virtually any length and width. the Long fiber bundles present in the form of rolls 103 can can be further processed into fibers of considerable strength by alternating the bundles of different rolls in opposite ones Direction as shown in Fig. 11, and then the overlapping parts' IjJl of the different roles in one composite panel 132 which, like the arrows Ij5j5 and 154 show having layers alternating in different Direction lie. The number of such layers applied depends on the desired thickness of the plate and the strength of the applied role.

Because of their special appearance, the bark strips can successfully be used as an outer layer for common plywood or other underlay. This is done by trimming an ordinary sheet of plywood, laying strips on it, and applying pressure after coating the strips with a binder. That is how you win. ^ an extremely impressive and decorative surface for common plywood. Ks · ei'nndei. That FurnierhοIs vc-rutärkt may have been,

00 98 8 3/0 7 94

if you use veneer as a base and a veneer from Applying fiber bundles to this base.

In the manufacture of articles, it is only necessary to place the strips of bark loosely in a press; the strips of bark do not need to be carefully aligned. _G One only has to pay attention to an even distribution of the strips in the mold, since the flow of fibers has the consequence that the individual fibers are bundled close to one another and fill the spaces between them. Curved objects and objects also shaped in a special way can be produced in the same way as plate-like objects. The press can be a conventional fixed press having cooperating flat plates. A press that works with cooperating rotating rollers can also be used. A hydraulic press of the type used in the plywood industry can be used to make curved articles. A variety of adhesives or binders can be used in appropriate amounts to make panels and related articles from strips of tape; As indicated above, different temperatures and pressures can be used, depending on the desired properties of the product to be manufactured.

Instead of using the bark of the sugar cane to make objects To make it usable, the bark can also be used as a raw material serve for the production of paper. The fiber of the sugar

mlt
rotirhalmes is in this respect certain »noräamerikani-

comparable pulpwood. The fiber of the zuoker cane straw

is also very suitable for making hardwood of the kind at which relatively short wood fibers with a binder

of mixed and randomly arranged using extremely high

Pressure can be pressed into a dense sheet-like material.

To prepare the bark strips for this use, wad can the bark strips e.g. to dense, elongated, cylindrical Stüoken are processed that are easy to store and transport are. This is done by removing the strips of bark grinds or tears and then squeezes or squeezes them to to bring the fibers into the desired shape. By grinding the fiber bundles are broken up and the crushed material is brought into a highly compact form by pressing. the naturally present cohesive properties of the bark fibers hold the shredded material together in the molded article.

To do this, an extruder can be used, in which a screw conveyor rotates in a cylinder and the bark is crushed by grinding, and at the same time the crushed Pressing material through a tapered part of the press, UD (Jdueing this pressurizes it, making the bark into small cylindrical sheets Pieces is deformed, the length of which can be chosen arbitrarily. The extrusion press is given as an example only. That Milling and pressing can be done by any other mechanism be carried out, and the shredded material can can also be converted into other »than cylindrical bodies»

009883/0794

"While the well-known ^! Procedure for extracting the juice from the sugar cane cutting, grinding and tearing the

"7

Requires bark to form pressed sugar cane, the process of the present invention is used to obtain the Juice without destroying the long fiber bundles of the bark and the invention enables their utilization. As a result, will according to the method of the invention, not a mass of broken fibers mixed with the pulp of the stalk, but whole Bark fiber bundles in the form of bark strips that are used for a A number of uses are particularly suitable.

Claims

0 0 988 3/0 79A

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Method of recovering fiber bundles from the bark of the sugar cane, characterized in that one of the Outside of a sugar cane straw, practically the entire stem's own and foreign material removed to the outside of the fiber bundles of the bark, and then virtually all of the pith of the stalk removed from the inner bundles of pas. 2. Method of obtaining strips from fiber bundles according to claim 1, characterized in that before removal of the pith, the whole stalk is cut lengthways, 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that a mechanical pressure is exerted on the moisture-containing bark in order to create the natural bond between to loosen the fiber bundles to prevent the Roll up the strips as they dry. H. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the bark is pressed between rollers. 5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that * The bark is passed over and over .3 "in a curved surface. 009883/0794 - 28 - 6.. Method according to claim j?, Characterized in that the bark is drawn across the surface of a rotatable roller will. 7. A method for conditioning strips of bark fiber bundles obtained from sugar cane, characterized in that that the rind is alternately moistened to remove the sugar and expresses a mechanical one on the damp bark Applying pressure to loosen the fiber bundles from one another before drying the bark. 8. Process for the production of panels, veneers and the like. made of sugar cane, characterized in that one uses the sugar cane stalk cuts through the bark fiber bundles without damaging the bark, removes the pith from the bark and a number of strips of bark Exposure to heat and bridge. 9. A method for producing bars and the like. From sugar cane, characterized in that the bark of the sugar cane to remove foreign matter, it cleans without bundling the fibers mess up and then clean the bark by means of a binder is pressed in a press to form a sheet. 10. Process for the manufacture of objects from Zuoker tube fiber bundles, characterized in that the fiber bundles, which have a considerable moisture content, brings it into the desired shape by applying heat and pressure. _ 009883/0794 - 29 - 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the moisture content of the bark is over 10 wt. % . 12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the moisture content of the bark is less than 25 wt. % . 13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the temperature used is above 100 ° C « 14. The method according to claim 13 *, characterized in that that the temperature is lowered to below 100 C while the pressure on the fiber bundles is maintained. Process for the manufacture of objects from cane sugar fibers, characterized in that the fibers are deformed under predetermined and adjustable conditions with regard to V / poor, pressure and time and moisture content in order to sufficiently loosen the natural bond existing between the fibers and the flow allow the fibers to each other. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the pressure is approximately 21.1 kg / cm and the temperature is approximately 13 ° C. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that daft the temperature is lowered to below 100 ° C, the wMhrend Pressure is maintained. .- ■ · ■ -, " 009883/0794 44- I * - * - process for the manufacture of objects such as panels, made of sugar raw fiber bundles, characterized in that the between the individual fiber bundles existing natural bond abjiBDcnwRuht, brought the fiber bundles into the desired shape, while the bond is weakened and etedup "then the natural bond is restored. l-j, Verfaiirexi for the manufacture of components from sugar. Tubular spring bundles, characterized in that the fiber bundles in a form to mitigate the between the fiber bundles existing natural bond is heated. Pressure on the Faiüii'bünJelii exercises; around the fiber bundles in the shape of the mold and the heat decreased, while the pressure on the bundles of the barrels is maintained »^ 20. Process for the manufacture of objects from sugar cane fiber bundles, characterized in that practically all material is removed from the bark of the ZuüKerroiirhalrae, see above that only the bark consisting of the fiber bundles remains, the fiber bundles mechanically loosely in relation to one another then the fiber bundles are deformed to the desired shape by heat and pressure are applied to the fiber bundles in order to weaken the natural bond between the fiber bundles, whereby under the influence of the pressure a flow of the individual fiber bundles with respect to one another, whereupon the heat is removed and the pressure is maintained to restore the bond between the fiber bundles. ■ 009883/0794 1660480 21. A method for producing panels and the like, characterized in that that one divides the bark strips from sugar cane stalks into short lengths, a binding agent for these short pieces add to the bark and press a mass of the short pieces into a slab. 22. Process for the production of plates and the like. From sugar cane characterized in that one aligns the strips of sugar cane bark, the strips by means of a binder pressed a veneer and put several of these veneers on top of each other, wherein the fiber bundles of the strips in the different layers are arranged crosswise, and then those stacked one on top of the other Veneers pressed by means of a binding agent applied between them, 2Y. Method for producing panels and the like, characterized in that, that a surface layer of strips of bark from sugar cane stalks is applied to blind wood 24. Fiber bundles in the form of strips that have been obtained from sugar cane stalks in such a way that all parts of the stalks and non-stalks are removed from the outer surface of a stalk of a sugar cane without penetrating the bark or disorder, and removes the pith from the inside of the stalk without penetrating the fiber bundles in the bark or disordering it to any considerable extent. _t ~. '■. - 52 - QQ9883 / 0794 25., board or the like., Characterized in that it consists of fiber bundles of the sugar cane and the fiber bundles to a composite material of interlocking fiber bundles have been processed, the fiber bundles through the natural Binders of the sugar cane are held together, 26. Plate according to claim 24, characterized in that it additionally has a binding agent which penetrates them. 27. Plate or the like, j, characterized in that it strips ™ the bark of the sugar cane and a binding agent, and at least one outer surface of the plate comprises the outer surface of the stalks of bark 28. Plate or the like, characterized in that it consists of strips of bark from sugar cane sharks and a binding agent and at least one outer surface of the plate is the inner surface of the stalks of bark. . ": ' _r ? 29. Plate or the like., Characterized in that it «inside cut pieces of zuoker cane bark strips and outside a layer of whole fiber bundles from the bark of the sugar cane having" 50, plate or the like, marked with a sock of fiber bundles from the bark of the Zuokerrphrhalme, the fiber bundles in the individual Sohiohien in in the same direction * but the bundles of fibers extend in different directions Layers cross-white, 0098Ö3 / 07sit ^ 31, device for the production of plates or the like., Characterized in that the device has means for separating the bark of a stalk of a sugar cane from the other parts of the stalk Qiatl in combination with means for pressing this Cp
Bark in tablets. 32. Apparatus for the production of plates or the like., Characterized in that it has means to remove stalk-native and stalk-foreign parts from the outer surface of the bark of a stalk of the sugar cane in order to expose the exterior of the paserbunds in the bark, means up the pith of the stalk from the fiber bundles of the bark , and means of applying heat and pressure to the fiber bundles in the presence of a binder to form a plate 33 · Object made from sugar cane, characterized by the fact that £ contains jfer individually · slivers from the sugar cane bark, the several Zuekerrohrhalee has, the means of a Bindeulttels together be kept. ^: \> \. "." . _ ^: i .:; 7, · V.. 34. A method for handling fibers from sugar cane, characterized in that “the fibers are shredded and the shredded” material is brought into a “suitable form” for storage and “transport”. _: .- .. _: 35. The method according to Anepruoh 3 * _# characterized in that the grinding and pitting of zueaaar is effected by the fact that the fiber is continuously passed through an extruder. 1660A6Q 36 Procedures for handling fibers from sugar cane, characterized by removing the wax from the outer surface the whole cane stalks and the pulp removed from the fibers, brings the fibers into a shredded shape and then that crushed material in a suitable for handling or storage Pressed form. 37 * An object of compact fibers obtained thereby that the bundles of fibers of the bark of the Compresses sugar cane. 009 883/07 94 - 35 - 3fc Blank page