DE1660161A1 - Process for making curled fibers and curled elastic fibers - Google Patents

Description

. H. LEINWEBER dipl-ing. H. ZIMMERMANN

Postal check account: Bank account: Telephone Tel.-Adr.

Munich 22M5 Dresdner Bank ag. Munich (0811) 261989 Leinpat Munich

Munich 2, Marlenplatz, account no. 92790

lw / XI II / C / Ho / Io / S Ch ₈ MUndien 2. Rosental 7, 2. On ₉ .

(Kustermann Passage)

September 15, 1966 ASiHI EASEI KOGYO EA3U3HKI YAlSHk ₉ Osaka, Japan

A method of producing crimped fibers, and curled elastic fibers

The invention relates to a new method of making crimped fibers from a mixture consisting essentially of made of crystalline polypropylene and also up to $ 10 contains additives. The invention thus relates to a new method for producing crimped elastic fibers from this mixture “The expression“ fibers ”is intended to mean staple fibers, iono fibers, multifibers, yarns and the like be understood.

Various attempts have been made to make multi-fiber crimped yarns from crystalline polypropylene carried out. Most of them make appropriate selection of conditions and improvements in melt spinning as well the subsequent stretch drawing, as e.g. in the Japanese Patents 18 366/61; 222/63; 2313/64 and 7213/65 ben is

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The known methods, however, turn out to be on closer inspection for the production of crimped Multi-fiber yarns unsuitable on an industrial scale. This is due to the fact that in some cases the weft. if the yarn obtained is unsatisfactory and in other cases the procedural steps required for this are too cumbersome o

The invention therefore provides a new and very simple method for producing crimped fibers; with excellent properties, made of crystalline polypropylene.

It is well known that crystalline polypropylene has a unique crystal structure, so that elastic fibers with medium elasticity can be produced from this

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a new and simple method for producing crimped elastic fibers with excellent properties using crystalline polypropylene as starting material ,,

- 3 -109824/1823 'bad original

It has been found that by the selection of various conditions such as the polypropylene blend used, the spinning process, drawing, relaxation and in some cases heat treatment of undrawn fibers, improved products with excellent crimp properties can be made; thereby moving the above {Verfahrensbedingimgen in an extremely narrow range, and by combining these limited conditions is obtained a product having excellent crimp _f which could not be achieved due to the hitherto known processes.

It has also been found that by selecting suitable conditions, such as the polypropylene mixture used, the spinning conditions, the heat treatment, the unstretched fibers, the stretching and relaxation conditions, | an improved product with excellent curling properties and excellent elasticity due to the known process could not be obtained.! lets if you meet the above conditions combined in a complicated but skilful way

109824/1823

The essential aspects of the invention reside rather in the combination of these steps and in the Combination of the above conditions.

The first embodiment of the invention is characterized by melt-spinning a mixture of crystalline polypropylene having a degree of depolymerization of 2.0 or less than 2.0 and a content of at most 2fi of additives, through a heated to 245-28O ⁰ C spinneret at a rate of over 600 m / min .; Subsequently, the thus obtained unstretched fibers are at 10 - 100 ⁰ C is stretched and relaxed, the stretched fibers.

The second embodiment of the invention for Manufacture of crimped fibers is characterized in that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene with a Depolymerization degree of 2.0 or less than 2.0 and a content of 2-10 percent by weight of additives, through a spinneret heated to 230-265 ° C at a speed of over 550μ / Μΐη. is spun that non-stretched fibers obtained in this way are stretched at 10-110 ° C. and the stretched fibers are relaxed.

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The third embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a mixture of crystalline Polypropylene with a maximum degree of depolymerization 2.0 and a content of at most 2 percent by weight of additives, melt-spins the thus obtained through a spinneret non-cut fibers, heat-treated, stretched and relaxed, as summarized in the following table 1

Table 1

Conditions for the third embodiment of the method according to the invention

step occurrence conditions be crazy Temperature of
Spinneret
Spinning speed
speed 245 - 28O ⁰ C
over 600 m / min Heat treatment
the not ge
stretched fibers temperature 70-160 ^° C stretch
109824/1823 temperature
Streckver
ratio 10-100 ^° C
over 2.5

The fourth embodiment of the invention for making ruffled fagers is characterized in that that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene with a degree of depolymerization of at most = 2.0 and a content of 2-10 percent by weight of additives, spinning through a spinneret that does not melt stretched fibers treated in the heat, stretched and relaxed under the conditions listed in Table 2 be respected:

Table 2

Conditions for the fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention

Stage Operation Conditions

Spinning temperature d. 230-265 C.

Spinneret

Spinning speed over 550 m / min

Heat treatment fibers

Stretch temperature 10 - 11O ⁰ C

Stretch ratio over 2.5

109824/1823 *

The method according to the invention for producing crimped elastic fibers (hereinafter referred to as the 5th embodiment) is characterized in that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene with a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0 and at most 10 weight percent _of additives, a mixture A with at most 2 percent by weight of additives and a mixture B with 2-10 percent by weight of additives is melt-spun according to the conditions listed in Table 3 and the non-drawn fibers thus obtained are heat-treated, drawn and relaxed as shown in Table 3.

Tabel occurrence 3 conditions Mixture B Temperature of
Spinneret
Spinning speed
age Mixture A 230-265 ° C
above
550 m / minute temperature 245 to 280 ⁰ C
above
600m / to minute 70 - 15O ⁰ C step temperature
Streckver
ratio 70 - 16O ⁰ C 10-110 ^° C
1.1-2.5 be crazy 10-100 ^° C
1.1-2.5 Heat re
plot stretch

8th -

109824/1823

It is known that crystalline polypropylene by polymerizing monomeric propylene in the presence of a a regular polymerization catalyst can be produced can ο

In this case, a certain amount of non-crystalline polypropylene can be a by-product in addition to crystalline Polypropylene arise. However, this by-product can be extracted from the crystalline polypropylene by extracting it with n-heptane and the like.

In the process according to the invention, crystalline KLypropylene with a content of at most 20 percent by weight, preferably at most 10 percent by weight of the above by-product can be used successfully. That Polypropylene used in embodiments of the invention must, however, have an appropriate degree of polymerization, since it is subjected to a melt spinning process. For this reason, polypropylene is used in the context of the invention

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a reduced viscosity (ir ^ sp / c) from 0.8 to 3.0, preferably 1.4 to 2.5, measured in tetralin (0.1 g / 100 ml) selectively used at 135 G ^0.

For making polypropylene with a reduced viscosity of 1.4 to 2.5 are two typical methods known. In one process, monomeric efopyylene is used polymerized with the addition of a small amount of a molecular weight control agent, such as hydrogen gas, being a product with the desired reduced viscosity receives; in the second process, a polymer with a greater reduced viscosity is produced and then in the heat in the presence or absence of a molecular weight control agent such as organic Tin compounds, depolymerized to the desired polymer.

Even if the first method is used, the polypropylene thus obtained is usually provided with a stabilizer

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and the like mixed and using a tablet animal machine granulated for plastics or a similar device. In this stage of the process, the polymer granules take usually a considerable amount of heat, which can result in a certain degree of depolymerization.

The polypropylene used in the embodiments of the method according to the invention must therefore be considered on the degree of depolymerization of the KiLymerisatkranchen the above granulation procedure and other procedures are carefully selected.

In the context of the present description, the expression "degree of depolymerization ^{11 is used} in the following meaning:

Degree of depolymerization = * (t ^ sp / c) / fysp / c) _g , where (1] sp / c) is the reduced viscosity of the polymer just obtained in the polymerization process and (i | sp / c) _{s is} the reduced viscosity of the polymer the point in time at which the polymer is actually used as a starting material for spinning

- 11 109Ö24 / 1823

applies ^w i ^{r (} l> means.

The reduced viscosity (tv ^ p / c) is measured as the viscosity of a solution of the polymer in tetralin (0.1 g / 100 ml) at 135 ° C., an improved Ostwald viscometer being used. ^

The use of polypropylene having a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0, preferably at most 1.5 is considered to be one of the main Vora _uss s.tzungen for carrying out the invention. This is clearly evident from the following fact. If the degree of depolymerization exceeds the above limit, no high-quality crimped fibers or crimped elastic fibers are obtained, (

even if the other conditions described according to the invention are strictly observed.

Any conventional additive used in the manufacture of polypropylene fibers can be used as an additive for the polymer blend used or proposed connection with satisfactory

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Use the following results. Such additives are, for example, various types of heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, stabilizers against shrinkage due to gas evolution, matting agents, such as titanium dioxide, fluorescent bleaching agents, various types of pigments, nucleating agents such as sodium benzoate, and various types of coloring auxiliaries. Many known compounds, such as. metallic compounds (e.g. Ni, Al and Zn compounds), nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g. ELyaminotriazoles, polyamides, polyalkyleneimines and the like), polyesters and polycarbonates can be used.

Combinations of polyaminotriazoles and calcium salts can also be used to advantage. The total amount of these additives to a conventional polypropylene blend does not exceed 10 percent by weight and at the In the invention, one also does not use more than 10 percent by weight, based on the weight of the polypropylene mixture.

In the embodiments of the invention, the conditions for the starting material and the conditions for this vary

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amounts of additives to be used depending on whether only curled fibers or curled elastic fibers are to be produced; therefore the polypropylene blend in FIG Groups with different amounts added, i.e. a mixture A of polypropylene with up to 2 percent by weight of additives and a mixture B of polypropylene with 2-10 percent by weight of the same additives. ,

In the method according to the invention, however, the spinning is selected from the particular ones already described Conditions executed.

Ils spinning machine can, for example, be a combination a conventional extruder with a gear pump.

The temperature of the spinneret can be easily and simply determined by making a small hole in the spinneret drills and inserts the thermo immersion tube of a thermistor. Strict adherence to the practice of the invention is essential

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109 824 / $ 182

this temperature is very important in a certain range. If the temperature is 10 C above or below the mentioned area, then no high-quality crimped bobbins or crimped elastic fibers can be obtained, even if mah strictly complies with all other conditions. So the temperature of the spinneret is a very important factor in carrying out the invention.

A large part of the crimp quality of the final product also depends on the spinning speed.

Although a certain degree of curl can also be obtained when melt-spinning the raw material at one speed of less than 400 m / min, it is essential in each embodiment of the invention

Process mentioned conditions must be met in order to achieve an improved To achieve crimp, one is preferred for economic and quality reasons Spinning speed of over 800 m / min.

This vorzugsmse applicable speed can

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vary with the denier of the particular fiber being spun; in general, you can get a good ripple if you use the Spinning speed increased in proportion to the increase in denier of the spun fiber.

The most preferred spinning speed for 2 to 3 deniers is 800 to 1000 m / min; for 6 denier " at 1000 to 1200 m / min .; for 9 denier at 1000 to 1300 m / min, and for 15 denier at 1100 to 1400 m / min., the denier used referring to the drawn single fiber.

It follows that the crimping of the product of the invention is not simply a result of the selection and use of particular ones Conditions in stretching and the following process steps can be achieved, but that the undrawn fibers from the start a certain potential crimp is imparted in the spinning stage and this potential crimp then clearly in the subsequent drawing and the other process steps carried out under special conditions.

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In the third, fourth or fifth embodiment of the invention, the potential curling occurs as results from the above, first with the stretched fibers in a spinning stage and is during the subsequent heat treatment and stretching and appears in the last relaxation stage.

If the unstretched fibers produced according to the invention are examined under a phase contrast microscope, leaving this sheath-core structures and partially Detect damaged sheath-core structures; one examines the corresponding side surfaces under a polarization ^ microscope, one finds Becke's line in its center or side part.

From these facts, it can be seen that the non-stretched fiber produced in accordance with the present invention is a specific one Must have a structure in which 2 different structures parallel along the fiber axis or in eccentric iierz-

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1680161

Almond shapes or their mixture are arranged.

In the first or second embodiment of the process according to the invention, the unstretched fibers obtained are then directly stretched. For this purpose, any conventional devices with success i can apply. Typical devices of this type are, for example, stretch-twisting machines, stretch-winding machines, cable stretching devices and the like. The most important condition in this stretching stage is the stretching temperature, as already mentioned. Too low a temperature leads to uneconomical work and too high temperatures, for example above 120 ^° C., result in a very weak crimp. In order to obtain an excellent crimp, a temperature between 25 and 80 C must preferably be used.

If the unstretched fibers are drawn at a temperature higher than room temperature, use is made expediently a conventional heating plate for this purpose. Of course, other types of heating can be used.

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turn, e.g. with hot air or steam; however, such gaseous heat transfer media require a somewhat higher one apparent optimal temperature for wiikisames stretching to ensure.

w The stretch ratio can affect the quality of the obtained

Affect ripple somewhat; but it is not a critical condition in the method according to the invention. In the Production of the usual yarn fibers can greatly reduce the possible maximum draw ratio within the scope of the invention the spinning speed can be influenced, the draw ratio in relation to the increase in the spinning speed can be reduced.

In general, a draw ratio of 2 to 6 is used in this process unstretched fibers with a maximum draw ratio of 3.5 gives good crimp, though some differences in the degree of curl occur when the fibers are 3.5 times, 3.0 times or 2.5 times their own original length to be stretched. Therefore that can

- 19 109824/1833 "

The draw ratio in the process according to the invention can be adjusted accordingly, taking into account the proportion of broken fibers in the drawing stage, the tensile strength and elongation of the fibers obtained and the quality of the crimp and the like .

The drawing speed and consequently the feed speed of non-stretched fibers are also not critical in the process according to the invention. The stretching speed Although the degree of crimp can be influenced somewhat, the influence of this speed on the quality of the crimped However, fiber is not that essential. On the other hand, the stretching speed exerts a considerable amount Influence on the production costs of the crimped fibers, so that from this point of view one as possible high speed is preferable. The maximum possible speed are, however, depending on the used Machine type, limits set. If you use a conventional one Draw-twisting machine, the drawing speed to be used is preferably between 200 and 800 m / min. If necessary, you can of course also use significantly lower or higher speeds.

109824 / 182J " ² °"

From the above explanations it can be seen that the crimp in the method according to the invention is actually a Development of the potential crimp previously imparted to the undrawn fibers in the drawing stage and the subsequent ones Represents procedural stages.

To form the crimp in the stretched fibers, it is sufficient to remove the tension on the fibers. For this purpose, the stretched fibers are expediently hung up in the air as a strand, but any one can also be used use any other appropriate method provided that the desired shrinkage occurs.

When the drawn fibers are relaxed in the process of the invention, they shrink and become voluminous in a short time, with good crimps being formed. By letting it stand for a day or two, you can improve the crimp quality of the fibers a little. Therefore, the invention product has excellent curl, without the need for any heat treatment during manufacture. However, one leads awake to relaxation preferably a heat treatment in order to achieve a firmer

10982W1823

1660t61

To achieve ripple. Such a heat treatment, which takes place after or during the relaxation stage, is also beneficial contributes to the development of the potential curl in the treated fibers.

It is preferred to use for this heat treatment Air, steam or water heated to 50 to 130 C; from economic and practical aspects, this heat treatment is carried out in the course of 5 minutes to 1 hour. The treatment with boiling water can also be carried out comfortably in the course of 5 to 30 minutes.

In the 3rd and 4th embodiments of the invention, the obtained unstretched fibers are subjected prior to stretching i a heat treatment.

In these cases, the heat treatment must not use too high a temperature, as this would result in a undesired cohesion or melting of the fibers or a deterioration in the stretchability of the fibers occurs. Other critical limitations of the process conditions are

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1680181

-22 not required here.

The most important part of this process is the special arrangement of the combination of process steps, i.e. the spinning stage, the heat treatment and the drawing) treatment.

The temperature and the duration of the heat treatment compensate one another, so that generally a higher temperature results in a shorter heat treatment duration. From a practical point of view, however, too low a temperature is uneconomical because of the excessively long duration of the heat treatment which is required here. From servants basic Ψ to the heat treatment in the inventive method but is preferably carried out at least 7O ⁰ C, generally at 110-150 ⁰ C. This heat treatment can be carried out either discontinuously or continuously.

With a discontinuous system, all conventional heating media, such as hot air, steam and apply the like. In this case the heating

- 23 109824/1823 *

duration expediently, from an economic and practical point of view, 60-120 minutes; the temperature will adjusted so that the heat treatment has a sufficient effect «

Of course, the temperature can, depending on the desired degree of curl and the like fluctuate many other factors; the most favorable temperature can easily be determined by Eber νοώ specialist »In general, a temperature range of 120 - 140 C is considered appropriate.

When working in a continuous system, all common heating media can be used with success.

fold In the large-scale production of multifibers

it is expedient to use a system as shown in the attached Fig. 1 is shown in which a Wärmebea treatment and a stretching process with each other using a kind of draw-twisting or draw-winding machine are connected to one another.

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109824/1823

In Fig. 1, 1, 1 ·, 2, 2 ¹ and 3, 3 'denote the roller systems normally used in a draw-twisting machine or the like, only the roller 1 being provided with an electric heater (not shown). 4 means a hot plate. The non-stretched fibers 5 from a bobbin (not shown) are first heated on the heating roller 1, cooled on a roller 2 and stretched in heat between roller 2 and roller 3, simultaneously being arranged with that between rollers 2 and 3 Heating plate 4 are in contact; the fibers 7 thus stretched are wound onto another spool (not shown).

Such a continuous system can be used use the method according to the invention because only an extremely short contact time in the order of magnitude of 0.1 seconds is required for the heat treatment when a temperature of about 140 G is used.

From the above it follows that the heat treatment of undrawn fibers, da;> stretch

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BATH

and the relaxation heating can be carried out one after the other if you have a device similar to that of the conventional hedge routes used.

This particular _fibers heat treatment step of the unstretched company has the following effects: i The heat treatment results in a product that can be stored under tension for a long time without losing its potential crimpability. Even if these heat-treated and drawn fibers are stored wound on a spool for several days, the potential curling property does not change in any way. By this heat treatment, the potential ripples in the subsequent expansion stage can be developed much faster than fibers' those without] L ^r warming were stretched.

If you combine the fibers, which have been stretched in the heat, to form a strand and relax it, the potential ones appear Crimps appear immediately afterwards, with no shrinkage of the strand on standing overnight

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is observed. Further heating has no advantage in terms of increased curling in the Relaxation level. Those present in the stretched fibers Potential ripples are completely released in this relaxation stage. All of the above Effects are very suitable for the industrial production of crimped fibers.

The heat treatment in the process according to the invention is unique for the following two reasons:

(A) The heat treatment affects and changes the internal structure of the individual threads, so that the stretched Threads take on different properties in terms of releasing potential crimps; on the other hand This treatment does not affect the internal structure, which leads to the formation of potential puckers contributes in the unstretched fibers.

If the unstretched fibers without the previous heat treatment directly at or above 120 G in the

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Heat, no curling occurs.

Using a higher temperature between 150 ⁰ C and I3O for this heat treatment, thereby the non-stretched fibers imparted in the spinning stage potential crimps are not destroyed the other hand, in the inventive method so könBn.

For this reason, when using an apparatus as in Fi &. 1 shown exercising a Strictly avoid noticeable tension on the unstretched fibers at the point indicated by 5.

(B) The second characteristic feature of the present invention Heat treatment is based on the fact that the degree of crystallization of the undrawn fibers because the heat treatment must be improved considerably and still those heat treated in this way Fibers easily stretch in the next stage of stretching, even at room temperature permit.

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It is surprising that the lines in the inventive process itself can make that easy, as conventional Polypropylenfa _se rE. are usually stretched at 110 to 13O ⁰ C in the heat.

After the heat treatment, the unstretched fibers according to the invention subjected to the stretching treatment.

Important conditions to be observed in this stretching stage of the process according to the invention are Stretching temperature and the above-described stretching ratio.

Under these changing conditions, the above ranges must be strictly adhered to.

E.g. one must at distances not substantially higher temperature, eg 12O ⁰ C and above, apply, as otherwise excellent ripples occur in the later stage of the process. However, any temperature in the above range can be used with success.

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As for the draw ratio, a ratio of 2.5 and above can be successfully applied, although the upper limit must be determined on a case-by-case basis depending on factors such as the spinning speed, heat treatment conditions of the undrawn fibers, single denier and the like. " a

For all undrawn fibers there is a critical upper limit on the draw ratio above which the quality of the crimp becomes poor. Generally, a draw ratio of 2.5 to 3.5 is preferred.

With regard to the Krauseleigenschaften Only the application satisfies a stretch ratio of less \ than 2.5. However, if you want to produce a product with greater tensile strength and good crimp properties, as the invention has set itself the task, you absolutely have to use a stretching ratio above 2.5, as proposed according to the invention.

When performing the inventive method

- 30 1 0 9 8 2 A / 1 8 2 3 bad original

IÖ6Ü161

procedure, the Erwärmungstemperg ^ is adjusted _for such that an optimum stretch ratio is achieved.

In order to satisfy the above-mentioned drawing temperature conditions in the present embodiment, the fibers must be sufficiently cooled on a roller 2 after they have been heated on the roller 1 to 140 ° C., for example, if the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used before they are heated again on a heating plate 4 to the ^{stretching temperature, for example 70 °} C., in the stretching stage. Leaving the drum 1 continues and heats the roller 2 on 1-4O ⁰ C and performs an analog lines in the heat by, by heating the heating plate 4 to 7O ⁰ G, the coming out of the roller 2 the non-stretched fibers are still overheated so that a low-value product is created.

In the present embodiment, the rate of stretching cannot and can be critical apply a similar stretching speed as in the first or second embodiment of the invention.

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Each stretching process, the heat-stretched fibers become the same as the first and second Embodiment of the invention treated, wherein the potential crimps are released.

In the third and fourth embodiment of the *

According to the invention, the relaxed fibers receive excellent crimp in a very short time and become voluminous. After standing overnight, the crimp improves a little; the length of the strand almost reaches equilibrium. The crimping methods of the invention therefore do not require any heat setting. However, such heat curing can be applied either after or during the above flash stage to the *

The occurrence of the potential curling present. speed up.

In the fifth embodiment of the invention the undrawn fibers prior to drawing a 7 / heat treatment as in the third or fourth embodiment of the invention.

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I b 6 0161

In the heat treatment of the non-stretched fibers, no special conditions need to be observed with the Exception that the upper limit of the heating temperature must be adjusted so as to avoid the occurrence of cohesion or melting of the fibers will.

The only important factor is the specific arrangement of the combination of process steps, i.e. the successive spinning, heat treatment and stretching of the fibers.

The heat treatment temperature and treatment time compensate for each other, with higher temperatures generally require a shorter period of time ».

In the fifth embodiment of the invention, a much higher temperature can be used in the heating step than can be applied to the third or fourth embodiment. This is due to the fact that in the fifth embodiment a draw ratio of 1.1 to

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2.5 is used in the subsequent stretching stage and it is therefore not necessary to use a possibly larger Maintain stretch ratio.

This heat treatment in the fifth embodiment of the invention is to achieve a product with excellent elasticity is required.

The effect of this treatment is surprising in particular with regard to the following two points:

First and foremost, the internal structure of the fibers is changed by the heat treatment in such a way that the The end product has excellent elasticity. This also increases the internal. Structure on which the potential

Fibers

iCrinkle properties in the unstretched / traced back are not affected or destroyed.

If the non-stretched fibers are stretched directly over 12O ⁰ C without heat treatment, no curling occurs. On the other hand, there is no destruction

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BATH ORIGINAL

the potential already imparted to the undrawn fibers Curling properties when the heat treatment in the process according to the invention is carried out at higher temperatures in the order of 130 to 150 ° C.

In this case, if the one shown in FIG Device in the present embodiment of

Invention used, in no case a train on the
in / Fig. exercise position marked by 5 ,,

The second characteristic feature of the warmth fifth

Treatment based on this / embodiment of the invention on the fact that the degree of crystallization of the undrawn fibers by the heat treatment is considerable needs to be improved, and the heat-treated fibers tend to wear out even at room temperature Let the subsequent stretching treatment stretch.

It is surprising that stretching can be carried out so easily in this embodiment of the shaping.

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ibB0161

although conventional polypropylene fibers are usually heat drawn at 110-130G.

This heat treatment can be carried out either discontinuously or continuously. The practical implementation of this heat treatment has already been described in connection with the third and fourth embodiment λ of the invention; this method can be carried out in the same way in the fifth embodiment of the invention.

after the heat treatment, the unstretched Fibers stretched.

The stretch g

temperature and the stretching ratio must be taken into account. For each variable, the range described above must be precise be respected.

When stretching have much higher temperatures, for example vemieden about 120 ⁰ C and, otherwise at

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No excellent crimps at the later stage of treatment can be obtained. However, any temperature within the above range can be used without affecting the quality of the crimp and the elasticity of the end product.

In order to obtain excellent crimp, one must use a draw ratio greater than 1.1; generally it can be said that the percentage crimp expansion increases with the increase in the stretching ratio up to the value 2.5 slightly increased.

On the other hand, the elasticity gradually decreases in proportion to the increase in the stretching ratio up to 2.5 away; with a further increase in the stretching ratio Beyond this value, however, there is a very large decrease in elasticity.

For this reason, the stretching ratio should be between 1.1 and 2.5.

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10982A / 1823

It is preferable to use a stretch ratio between 1.5 and 2.0. It is surprising that the final product continues to have excellent elasticity when the non-stretched fibers are subjected to a further stretching process after the heat treatment.

In this fifth embodiment of the invention, the stretching speed is not critical Conditions required.

After the stretching, the fibers are then treated in the same manner as described in the first and second embodiments of the invention, whereby an excellent crimp is produced. Taking a nap on the stretched Fa _se r ⁿ hei this embodiment, the ptentieilen ripples stand out in a short time and the Fas.ern be voluminous. If left to stand overnight, the crimps improve somewhat; however, leaving it to stand for much longer does not further improve the quality of the crimp. This fifth embodiment of the invention therefore does not require any heat curing to achieve a

109824/1823 ^BAD original

improved product. Such thermosetting can, however made after or during the above relaxation so that a tight curl forms or protrudes the potential pucker is accelerated.

The percentage "crimp expansion" and the percentage "crimp recovery" are each used to assess the Curling properties of the product according to the invention. These terms are defined as follows:

Curl expansion

- i ^ Jo · 100 pounds

Frill extraction

In the formulas, So means the length of the crimped fiber with an initial load of 1 mg / d, L is the length of the same fiber loaded with a heavy load of 100 mg / d and S is the length of the curled one Fiber after exposure to 100 mg / d, subsequent 1 minute recovery shrinkage and renewed exposure to the original load of 1 mg / d.

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To evaluate the elastic properties of the curled elastic fibers, the percent "elastic recovery" was determined by examining the second cycle of tensile stress curves recorded from the results obtained on an Instron tensile meter. In this case, the original La ^ _n s is assumed the fiber as synonymous with the ™ stretched length of the crimped fiber, and associated therewith an actual length of 100 mg / d-loaded fibers.

One was set for each comparison percent elongation of 25 # was applied and the above percent recovery was expressed as the percent "

Strain elasticity gain "designated."

The following examples serve to further illustrate the invention.

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example 1

It became a titanium trichloride catalyst system and diethyl aluminum chloride are used and a small amount Hydrogen gas (as a means of regulating molecular weight) used and polymerized the monomeric propylene in η-hexane.

After cleaning, a powdered polypropylene ^ having a reduced viscosity of 2.0 and a content of 2.1 percent was. $> Obtained with n-heptane extractable substance.

0.1% by weight of ional was added to this polymer as a heat stabilizer was added and the mixture was formed into polypropylene spheres in a tablet machine. The reduced viscosity this material was 1, b and the degree of depolymerization 1.1.

For spinning purposes, a conventional melt spinning ' machine with a gear pump used in the extrusion.

In this case the following spinning conditions were used:

Temperature of the molten polymer 2BU ⁰ C

Spinneret temperature 265 ° C

Hole diameter 0.45 mm

Number of holes in the spinneret 24

-41 109824/1823

The extruded molten fibers were cooled with a stream of cold air at 20 ^° C, and the spun fibers were wound onto a bobbin at a speed of 800 meters / min.

The undrawn fibers were then twisted using a conventional draw-twister under the following conditions stretched:

Feed speed 108 meters / min .; Stretching ratio 3.7 »stretching speed 400 meters / min .; Temperature of the heating plate 80 ^° C. Multiple fibers were obtained (50 d / 24 f).

These multiple fibers were then formed into a strand, and this strand was then hung at room temperature for two days.

Curled fibers with the following properties were obtained: λ

the end·
Percentage crimp elongation

Percentage frizz recovery

Example 2

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with the same starting material but the following Spinning conditions were applied:

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Molten polymer temperature ... 270 C

Spinneret temperature 255 ° C

Spinning speed 600 meters / min.

These undrawn fibers were subjected to the following drawing conditions:

Feed speed .... 25 meters Ai

Stretch ratio 5.0

Stretching speed 125 meters / min.

Heating plate temperature 70 G

The stretched fibers (50 d / 24 f) were then placed in a strand form, and the strand was treated for 15 minutes by steam at 12O ⁰ C.

w The crimped fibers produced in this way corresponded to the following test data:

Percentage frizz extension
Percentage frizz recovery

Example 5

The same procedures were followed as in Example 1 using the same starting material but with the

109824/1823 * -45-.

1860161

the following conditions repeated;
Spinning stage:

Temperature of the molten polymer ... 280 C

Spinneret temperature 265 G

Spinning speed 1000 Meteajtoi

Stretching stage:

Feed speed 200 mete $ fin

Stretch ratio 3.0

Stretching speed 600 meters / min

Temperature of the heating plate 60 ⁰ C

The fibers stretched in this way (50 d / 24 f) were then used as Strand relaxed to give excellent crimped fibers.

After treating with steam of C for 30 minutes, the multifibers were examined as described above, the following results were obtained:

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage frizz recovery

Conventional false-twist yarns (50 * d / 24 f) were also analyzed for comparison purposes, with the

1 0982A / 1823 "^"

IbBOI61

the following results were obtained:

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage frizz recovery

It is clear from the above results that the quality of the curled ones obtained according to this example Fibers is superior to conventional shearly twisted yarns.

w Example 4

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated using the same starting materials, the the following process conditions were applied:

Spinning stage:

Number of holes in the spinneret 15

Hole diameter 0.5 mm

Spinning speed 1200 meters / min

Stretching stage:

Temperature of the heating plate 70 ° C

Stretching speed 390 meters / min

Stretch ratio 3.0

The fibers stretched in this way (90 d / 15 f) were then opened the same way as described in Example 1 treated.

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The following curled fibers were obtained:

Percent Shirring Stretch $ 125

Percentage frizz recovery

Example 5

The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated using the same raw materials, with the following Conditions were applied:

Spinning stage:

Spinneret temperature 270 ° C

Number of holes in the spinneret 15

Hole diameter 0.5 mm

Spinning speed 1200 meters / min

Stretching stage:

Stretch ratio 2.0

Heating plate temperature 70 G

Stretching speed 390 meters / min

The fibers thus stretched (135 d / 15 f) were then on treated in the same manner as described in Example 1 to obtain the following curled fibers:

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109824/1823

Percent Shirring Extension $ 120

Percentage frizz recovery

Example 6

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated using the same starting material, each ^ but the following conditions were applied:

Spinning stage:

Spinneret temperature 27O ⁰ C

hole diameter 0.8 min.

Number of holes in the spinneret 6

Spinning speed 1300 meters / min

Stretching stage:

Stretch ratio 3.0

ο Temperature of the heating plate 70 C

Stretching speed 600 meters / min

The thus obtained stretched fibers (84 d / 6 f) were in the same manner as described in Example 1, treated. The following curled fibers were obtained:

Percentage frizz extension
Percentage frizz recovery

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- 4γ -

This product was further ^{treated with steam at 12U 0} C for 30 minutes, resulting in crimped fibers having the following properties:

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage crimp recovery 9 (¥

Example 7

It has turned a similar method as in Example 1 Toggle%. Powdered polypropylene with a reduced viscosity of 2.1 and a content of 2.5% by weight of substance extractable with n-heptane was obtained. To this product, 0.1% by weight of ionol was added as a heat stabilizer; then the mixture was processed into polymer granules in a tablet machine at a higher temperature than in Example 1. The reduced viscosity of this material was 1.4o and the degree of depolymerization was 1.4. i

To produce crimped fibers from these granules, the procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, however, the following conditions were applied:

Spinning stage:

Temperature of the molten polymer 27O ⁰ C

Spinneret temperature 255 ° C

Spinning speed 100 meters / Bn

109824/1 823 _ ₄₈ _

Stretching stage:

Feeding speed 95 meters / min

Draw ratio 3.7

Stretching speed 350 meters / min

Atmosphere 25 ° C, air

After relaxation, the crimped fibers were treated with steam at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes, with a Product obtained with the following characteristics:

Percentage frizz extension
Percentage frizz recovery

Example 6

Sebacic acid dehydrazide was heated in the presence of hydrazine to obtain polyaminotriaz oil. This was 'at elevated temperature with a small amount of lauric acid hydrazide treated to stabilize the product. The stabilized polyaminotriazole was used as a dyeing aid in this example used.

The same polypropylene granules as in Example 1 was mixed with 3 wt. I> of the above-mentioned polyamino tr iazols added, and the mixture was in a conventional tabletting

-49- 109824/1823

machine processed into granules; these granules were then used as a starting material for spinning.

In spinning this material, conventional melt spinning equipment with a gear pump was used on the extruder used. The following spinning conditions were used:

Molten polymer temperature ... 260 C

Spinneret temperature 245 ° C

Hole diameter 0.45 mm

Number of holes 24

Coolant air from

Spinning speed 600

The obtained undrawn fibers were then with Stretched using a conventional stretch twisting machine. The f Stretching conditions were as follows:

Feed speed 25 meters / min

Draw ratio 4.9

Stretching speed 120 meters

Atmosphere air of 25 ^ C

The thus obtained stretched fibers (50 d / 24 f) were relaxed and for 2 days as a strand to form a sufficient

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-50- '! 660161

hung up the ripple.

The curled fibers had the following properties:

Percentage crimp elongation -

Percentage puckering 77 °

The curled fibers thus obtained were colored with a disperse dye, CI. Disperse Blue - 6, 62050, deep blue colored; with an acidic dye, G.I. Acid Red 85, 22245 was made using salicylic acid (concentration 8 g / liter : Liquid ratio χ 50) a deep red color is achieved as an aid.

Example 9

The procedure described in Example 8 was repeated using the same starting material, wherein the following reaction conditions were applied:

Spinning stage:

Spinning speed 800 meters / min

Stretching stage:

Feeding speed 108 meters / min

Draw ratio 3.7

Stretching speed 400 meters / min

Temperature of the heating plate 60 C

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The thus-stretched fibers (50 d / 24 f) were released in the form of a strand and for 20 minutes treated with steam at 12O ⁰ C for.

The properties of the fibers thus obtained were as follows:

Percent Shirring Stretch $ 150

Percentage frizz recovery

These multiple fibers were then dyed in the same manner as in Example 8, with dyed deep blue and deep red, respectively Products were received.

Example 10

The same procedure as in Example 8 was followed using the same starting material, except that the the following conditions have been met: "

Spinning stage:

Temperature of the molten polymer 275 ^° C

Spinneret temperature 26O ⁰ C

Hole diameter 0.5 mm

Number of holes 16

Spinning speed 1000 meters / min

109824/1823 -52-

- £ - 1 & 6Ö161

Stretching stage:

Feed speed 200 meters / min

Stretch ratio 4.0

Stretching speed 800 meters / min

The resulting stretched fibers (50 d / 16 f) were relaxed and then treated with steam at 120 C for 10 minutes.

The properties of the product made in this way are summarized below:

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage frizz recovery

Using the same disperse dye and acidic dye as in Example B, crinkles were made Fibers obtained with deep blue or deep red coloring.

Example 11

The same polypropylene granules as in Example 7 were mixed with 5% by weight nylon 6 polymer, and the mixture was mixed thoroughly in a Banbury mixer and then reshaped into pellets using an extruder.

The starting material thus obtained was further processed according to the method described in Example 10, wherein

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-53-

The following considerations have been applied

Temperature of the molten polymer ... 260 ⁰ C of the spinneret .................... 24 ^ C

Metepftin

1 meter / th I.

4.5

Temperature of the hot plate 1 (X) ⁰ C

Me iso obtained stretched fibers ($ 0 d / 16 f) were

removed, left to stand for 2 days and then treated with steam iron 110 C for 30 minutes.

The properties of the so produced curled Fibers were the following:

i * rü2entuaie Krauseia expansion * 14 "¥

iTozentuaie crimp extraction

When dyeing with a disperse dye, CI. Disperse Lied Vf ₉ 11210 »a deep red colored oil product was obtained.

109824/1823

Example 12

In this example, the same grains as in Example 1 were used as the starting material.

The spinning conditions were as follows: temperature of the molten polymer ... 20.0 ° g

Spinneret temperature

"Hole diameter 0.45 mm

Number of holes 24

Coolant air from 2O ⁰ U

(0.25 meters / sec)

Spinning speed ". 100 meters / min

The thus obtained non-stretched multiple fibers (130 d / 24 f) were then placed in a drying device at 130 ° C. for 30 minutes heated and wound on a spool. The multiple fibers were spun using a conventional stretch twisting machine stretched under the following conditions:

Stretch ratio ..... 2.7

Stretching speed 190 meters / min

Temperature of the heating plate 50 ° C

The multiple stretched fibers were relaxed and hung over power to complete the crimp. In this Process stage was the "percentage frizz expansion"

BATH

109824/1823

of crimped multifiber $ 130. After 30 minutes continuous treatment with steam at 12O ⁰ G, this value is changed on the 12,890th

Example 13

The procedure described in Example 12 was repeated using the same starting material, wherein however, the following process conditions were used:

hole diameter 0.8mm "

Number of holes 6

Temperature of the melted
Polymer 280 C

Spinneret temperature 267 ° C

Spinning speed 1200 meters / min

Cold air speed 0.3 meters / sec

Denier of the unstretched
Multiple fiber 250 d / 6 f

Stretch ratio 3.0 '

ο stretching temperature 80 C

The drawn fibers thus obtained were relaxed overnight as a strand, resulting in crimped fibers having a "% crimp elongation ^M" of $ 142.

-% ■ 109824/1823

Ί b 6 Ü161

Example 14

0.3 wt. # TiOp was added as a matting agent to the same polymer as in Example 12. This Mixture was melt spun under the following conditions and cut into a non-stretched multiple fiber (210 d / 24 f) Coil wound:

Hole diameter 0.45 mm

Number of holes 24

Temperature of the melted

Polymer 2bO C

Temperature of the spinneret 267 ⁰ C

Speed of the cold air flow .. 0.2 meters / sec Spinning speed 600 meters / min

Using the appA shown in Fig. 1 * temperature, the heat treatment and stretching the non-stretched multi-fibers described above was carried out sequentially.

The following process conditions were observed:

109824/1823

Temperature of the roller 120 ° C

Heat treatment time 0.0 seconds

(Calculated from the diameter of roller 1, the angle of contact of the fiber with the roller, the number
Turns around the roller and the
Feed speed)

Temperature of the heating plate 4 70 ⁰ C

Stretch ratio 3.0

Stretching speed 400 meters / min

The stretched fibers obtained in this way were relaxed in the form of a strand and ^{treated with steam at 120 °} C. in the heat for 30 minutes.

The characteristics of the finished product were as follows:

Percentage crimp elongation 140 #

example Previous year

Monomeric propylene was polymerized in η-hexane using titanium trichloride and diethylaluminum chloride as the catalyst system and a small amount of pulp gas as a means of determining the molecular weight. Inigen Hach the He was powdery polypropylene having a reduced viscosity of 2.0 and a content of 2.1 to Gew.itf

1OS024 / I823 bad original

- 5S - 1 * 60161

obtained with n-heptane extractable substance.

0.1 wt. ^ Ionol (as heat stabilizer) were added to this polymer and 0.3 Gew.ji TiOp (as matting agent) added, and then the mixture was made into polymer granules in a plastic tablet machine.

The reduced viscosity of this substance was 1.0 and the degree of depolymerization 1.1.

In the spinning stage the following conditions were used:

Temperature of the molten polymer

Spinneret temperature 262 ⁰ O

Hole diameter, .... 0 _f 4p mm

Number of holes in the spinneret 24

Overlying coolant (the Bxas speed

the air at 2ü C was 0.25 meters / sec)

The multiple fibers spun in this way (270 d / 24 f) were wound onto a spool at a speed of 1200 meters / min and on for 1.0 seconds in a dryer 13Ü ° C heated.

Then the fibers were drawn under the following conditions?

BATH

100124/1823 *

Stretch ratio 3.0

Stretching speed 600 meters / min

Temperature of the heating plate öO C

The drawn fibers were then gathered into a strand, and the strand was relaxed in the heat at 130 ° C. for 60 minutes. As a result, a product with a "% crimp expansion ¹¹ of 140" was obtained.

Example 16

The same polypropylene granules as in Example 7 were mixed with 4% by weight of polyaminotriazole according to Example 8, and this mixture was charged into a plastics tableting machine to produce uniform beads.

This material was then melt-spun and the fibers thereby obtained were made in the same manner as in Example 5, melt spun and heat treated. The following conditions were used:

-60. 109824/1823

! b B Ü161

Spinneret: hole diameter 0.45

Number of holes 24

Temperature of the melted

Polymer 255 C

Spinneret temperature 24O ⁰ C

Cold air flow 0.2 meters / sec

Spinning speed 1000 meters / min

W denier of the unstretched

Multifibre 150 d / 24 f

Heat treatment temperature 130 ° C

Stretching temperature room temperature

Draw ratio 2.7

Stretching speed 190 meters / min

The drawn fibers were then stranded and relaxed at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes.

The product thus obtained had "% Shirring Extension ^11" of 118 #.

When dyeing the crimped fibers with a dispersion, dispersion dye, like CI. Disperse Blue 6, 6205, products colored deep blue were obtained; when dyeing with one

with / acidic dye, such as CI. Acid Red 85, 22245 / salicylic acid (Concentration 8 grams / liter; 50-fold liquid ratio)

109824/1823 " ⁶¹ "

as an aid, deep red colored products were obtained.

Example 17

The same polypropylene granules as in Example 1 were used.

The starting material was similar conditions melt spun first under following description:

Temperature of the molten polymer ... 20 ° C

Spinneret temperature 265 ° C

Spinneret: hole diameter 0.5 mm

Number of holes 16

Coolant: blowing speed 0.25Mtr / sec

Spinning speed 800 meters / min

The undrawn fibers so produced were then heated at 150 ° C. for minutes in a dryer.

Then the fibers were made under the following conditions stretched:

Stretch ratio 1, ex

Stretching speed., .. 190 meters / min

Stretching temperature room temperature

BAD 0FH6INAL

-62 109824/1823

The drawn fibers were drawn into a strand and the strand was relaxed for 2 days.

Excellent multi-filament crimped elastic yarns having the following properties were obtained:

Percent Shirring Extension $ 100

Percentage regression with an elastic expansion of 2% iobfi

If this product is treated with steam for a further 15 minutes at C, the following crinkled ones are obtained elastic multifilament yarns:

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage regression with an elastic elongation of $ 25 $ 89

t Example 18

The procedure described in Example 17 was followed using the same starting material but observing the same performed under the following conditions:

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109824/1823

-63- 1b6Ü161

Temperature of the molten polymer .. 285 C

Temperature of the spinneret 270 ⁰ G

Spinning speed 1200 meters / min

Heat treatment temperature of

unstretched fibers 90C

Stretch ratio 1.6

Stretching temperature 50 ° C

The fibers stretched in this way were relaxed in strand form for 15 minutes with steam at 100 ^° C. in the heat, the following curled elastic multiple fibers being obtained:

Percent Shirring Stretch $ 160

Percentage regression in one

elastic elongation by 25 # pounds

Example 19

The same polymer as in Example 17 was used as the starting material for spinning.

The following process conditions were used in the spinning stage:

-64- 10982W1823

- / 5T-

1ö6Ö161

Temperature of the melted

Polymerizats 28Ü ^U C

Spinneret temperature 265 ° C

Spinning speed 1000 meters / min

Denier of the multiple fibers obtained. 150 d / 16 f

These undrawn fibers were then successively heat-treated in a draw-twisting machine as shown in FIG and stretched. The following process conditions were observed:

Temperature of the roller 1 14O ⁰ C

Heating time on the roller 1 0, b sec

Rollers 2 and 3 not heated

Heating plate not used

Stretch ratio 1, ö

Stretching speed 400 meters / min

Stretching temperature - room temperature

The drawn fibers thus obtained were stranded shaped, and the strands were relaxed with steam of C in the heat for 15 minutes.

The following crimped elastic multifibers were obtained:

109824/1823

Percentage frizz extension

Percentage deflation

like with an elastic

Elongation by 25 # ·. 84 / *

Example 20

_{0.3% by weight of TiO 9} was added as a matting agent to the same polymer as in Example 17.

The procedure described in Example 19 was then repeated, except that the following conditions were met became:

Temperature of the melted

Polymer 270 C

Spinneret: hole diameter 0.5mm.

Number of holes 24

Spinneret temperature 255 C "

Cold air flow speed. 0.2 meters / sec

Spinning speed 800 meters / min

Denier of the multifiber 180 d / 24 f

Conditions of heat treatment of the same as undrawn fibers in Example 19

Stretch ratio 1.7

Stretching temperature

(ar temperature of the heating plate 4) ...... 70 C

BATH ORIGINAL 109824/1823

-66-

The drawn fibers thus obtained were heated in a dryer at 130 ° C. for 60 minutes relaxed to obtain the following multi-fiber crimped elastic yarns:

Percent Shirring Extension $ 140

W Percentage of regressive power

with an elastic elongation of 25i * ö8 $ £

Example 21

The same material as in Example 16 was used in this example.

The procedure described in Example 17 was repeated on the above starting material, with the following Process conditions were met:

-b7-

109824/1823

Spinneret: hole diameter 0.45

Number of holes . , .... 24

Temperature of the melted

Polymer 260 G

Spinneret temperature 245 ° C

Flow velocity of the cold

air flow 0.2 meters / sec

Spinning speed 1000 meters / min

Denier of the unstretched

Multifibre 180 d / 24 f

Temperature of the heat treatment

undrawn fibers 145 C

Stretch ratio 1.9

Stretching temperature (temperature of

Hot plate 4) 80 C

Stretching speed 500 meters / min

The drawn fibers were relaxed in a drying device for 60 minutes at 140 C in the heat, whereby the following crimped elastic multifibers were obtained:

Percentage crimp elongation 105 *

Percentage of regressiveness

in the event of an elastic stretch

25 * 82 *

-68-10 982 Ul 1823

~ ⁶³ ~ ib60161

The fibers thus obtained were colored with the disperse dye, CI. Dispers Blue 6, 62050, colored deep blue; when using an acidic dye such as C.I. Acid Bed 85, 22245, with salicylic acid (concentration S g / l; 50-fold Liquid ratio) as an aid, a deep red color was achieved.

Although the invention has been explained with reference to the production of multifiber yarns, the invention can The process can also be used without further ado for the production of staple fibers.

The following great advantages of the invention are readily apparent to the person skilled in the art from the above examples:

Primarily in terms of the crimp quality, the invention product is the conventional crimped yarns far superior or at least equivalent; these conventional yarns have heretofore been made in a two-step process produced, with the multifiber yarns being produced in the first stage and the treatment of the in the second stage Multifiber yarns with the help of a false twisting machine (falsetwister) and the like. Owns the product of the invention no undesirable torsional moment; this attribute

1 0 9 8 1 k I 1 8 2 3

makes the invention product far more valuable and gives the Viaren made from it a better appearance. aside from that the invention is far superior to the previously known processes in that all of them have been used to produce such processes There is no need for cumbersome devices required for products. The method according to the invention is therefore of great importance in

economic and practical terms. |

-7C -

- - ». am. · Λ. Ι

BAÖ

109824/18 23

Claims (6)

iö6Ü161 claims: 1. A method of producing crimped fibers, characterized in that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene, with a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0 and at most 2 wt. # Of additives, by one at 245 to 28O ⁰ C ) Heated spinnerette at a spinning speed of 600 m / min melt spinning, the thus obtained unstretched fibers stretched at 10 to 100 ⁰ C, and relaxes the fibers. 2. A process for the production of easily dyeable crimped fibers, characterized in that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene, with a degree of depolymerization of not more than 2.0 and 2 to 10 wt. # of additives, through a spinneret heated to 230 to 265 ° C with a Melt-spinning "spinning speed of 550 m / min, the thus obtained unstretched fibers at 10 to 11O ⁰ C stretches and relaxes the fibers. 3. A method for producing crimped fibers, characterized in that there is a mixture of crystalline Polypropylene, with a degree of depolymerization of not more than 2.0 and not more than 2 wt. $ Of additives, by a to 245 to 109824/1823 * " ⁷¹ " 280 ⁰ C heated spinneret with a spinning speed of over 600 m / Hin sehaielzspinnt, the non-stretched fibers thus obtained ^{heated to 70 to 160 0} C, and then stretched at a temperature of 10 to 100 ⁰ C to a draw ratio of at least 2.5 and relaxes the stretched fibers. 4. A method of producing crimped fibers, I characterized in that # a mixture of crystalline polypropylene, ew with a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0 and 2. Of additives, by one to 265 ⁰ C, heated to 230 spinneret at a spinning speed melt spinning of over 550 m / min, the thus obtained unstretched fibers to 70 to 15O ⁰ C heated vim then at 10 to 11O ⁰ C to a draw ratio of at least 2.5 stretched and relaxed, the stretched fibers. 5. A method of producing crimped elastic fibers, characterized in that # a mixture of crystalline polypropylene having a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0 and at most 2 wt. Of additives, by one to 28O ⁰ C, heated to 245 with a spinneret Spinning speed of over 600 m / min 109824/1823 BATH ORIGINAL thus obtained unstretched fibers and relaxed heated to 70 to 16O ⁰ C and then stretched at 10 to 100 ⁰ C to a draw ratio of 1.1 to 2.5 and .the stretched fibers. 6. A method for producing crimped elastic fibers, characterized in that a mixture of crystalline polypropylene, with a degree of depolymerization of at most 2.0 and 2 to 10 wt. $> Of additives, through a spinneret heated to 250 to 265 C with a spinning speed of about 550 m / min melt spinning, heating the thus obtained non-stretched fibers 70 to 15O ⁰ C and then stretched at a stretching temperature from 10 to 110 ⁰ C to a draw ratio of 1.1 to 2.5, and the stretched fibers relaxes . 109824/1823