DE1630466A1 - Motor vehicle lighting system for partial illumination - Google Patents

Description

8454 Schnaittenbach
Rotbühlstrasse 10

Motor vehicle lighting system for partial illumination

This invention is a lighting system for motor vehicles, in particular for automobiles, with the well-known "partial illumination of the road above the normal glare limit". In contrast to the previous ones known systems, with this invention a sensible division of the additional room to be illuminated, on the basis of statistical studies. From these favorable apportionment ratios, on the one hand, and for other expedient reasons otherwise, resulting, v / ground to this partial illumination, according to of the invention, headlights of the conventional design used. These headlights are, according to the invention, through small, sensible changes, through a corresponding installation method, and through a certain beam direction made usable for this purpose.

Furthermore, a photoelectric receiving device is shown in connection with a desired automatic control of this system is necessary.

BAD ORiGIMAL

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Every motor vehicle driver knows the dangerous situation if other vehicles come towards him at night - you have to switch on the low beam - this turns the Visibility shortened considerably. In addition, there is the relatively bright light from the headlights of the oncoming ones Vehicles «Diesel both circumstances give visibility which really do not do justice to motor vehicles, which are getting faster and faster. In the phase of When you encounter another vehicle, you always have an uncomfortable feeling of insecurity. It is dangerous if there are pedestrians on the street, or if the street has lane changes or other obstacles. The current automotive lighting has another shortcoming, namely when driving on the motorway, if you drive alone on one side and there is a lot of traffic on the opposite lane. One can in such a case only use the low beam, with which only one low speed can be driven. The aim of the invention is to remedy these similar deficiencies.

The newly developed "halogen lamps" bring about an increase in visibility, but currently the best proposal to remedy the inadequate motor vehicle lighting is likely to be the well-known method of "section-wise illumination" of the roadway. The previously known and realizable systems using this method are in some cases very complex and relatively expensive.

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Investigations of the encounter problem in motor vehicles have shown that most oncoming vehicles lie in a relatively small and sharply delimited space on the driver's image plane. Fig. 1 shows the driver's image plane, in which a straight road with a median is drawn. The position of the light-dark boundary G- ^ of the normal, asymmetrical low beam of one's own car is also shown. The space in which most of the disruptive light from the oncoming vehicles occurs is drawn into this image plane, which is fixed by fixed borders. This space is to be referred to as "disturbance space" = SR. According to the investigations, more than 93% of the disruptive and accident-causing light accumulates within this interference space (on average streets)
Due to the fact that

a) etea 95 $ of all interfering light only from one proportionate small room whose center of gravity is on the left

from the road to be driven on lies, accrues, and

b) that you only need to illuminate the right half of the road (when driving on the right) to drive,

the logical conclusion is that with partial illumination, above the normal glare limit, one in one to two "sections, which preferably illuminate the right-hand lane, and by hand or one Automatically controlled, in almost all cases of the critical moment of encounter sufficient lighting has available.

g £ D Oiv.v «. '« ™ -

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Since you get a good result with relatively few sections in the lateral direction, and there the "light cones" of the individual sections to the right for this purpose, in the simplest way, "dimmed" headlights of the conventional construction are used, which are installed so that their light-dark boundary is approximately perpendicular and emit their light to the right (when driving on the right) from this border. Through the possibility of use a lighting system for "partial illumination" is cheap ^ from headlights of the conventional design and reliable.

A lighting system according to the invention consists of: A normal, conventional motor vehicle lighting with asymmetrical low beam.

From a single, two or even more additional auxiliary lights of the type described.)

And from a switching element with the relays required to switch the individual headlights on and off. This switching element can either only be done by hand or by photoelectric receiving devices and optionally Hand control, can be controlled.

) If there are several auxiliary lights, they are international A fixed 0.7 lux at a distance of 25 m in the dimming room should be taken into account.

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By a slight inclination of the light-dark border of the lateral sections to the right, as shown in Fig. 2 and 3, one can see the illumination of the course of the interference space adjust something.

In order to achieve a meaningful "light cone" of the individual auxiliary headlights, their lenses are, depending on their position to make them fit for purpose. (The technology is known to experts.)

The most ideal lighting element for motor vehicles is the well-known headlight with the barabolic reflector. It is known that a sharp, line-like light-dark boundary, with these headlights is only possible in the radial direction. As is well known, this is due to the finite expansion of the filament of the lamp. This well-known effect of radially possible sharp light-dark boundary can also be used differently than previously known. You can illuminate a certain room, which one is sharply delimited to the front and also to the side. Such a limitation is useful for illuminating the Space below the interference space. In Fig. 4 this limitation is represented by G /. To such a limit To achieve a headlight (auxiliary headlight), with a special bilux lamp and a matching diffuser. Such a bilux lamp must emit a sector-shaped light cone over the reflector, which is smaller than -180 ° and equal to or is greater than 90 °. (The previously used headlights

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emit a light cone of approx. 195 ° with asymmetrical low beam.) Due to an analogous installation position and This headlight then lights up in the direction of the beam Space with two line-like, sharply delimited planks. This "kinked" boundary is created by the cut (in mathematics one speaks of penetration) of the two flank surfaces of the sector-shaped light cone the road level. Fig. 5 is a perspective diagram for creating the kinked boundary. S is the generating headlight, Q is a cross section of the sector-shaped light cone, and A is the illuminated area with the sharp boundary of G ^.

The use of such an auxiliary light, with the kinked boundary, in the case of the lighting system described above, represents a perfecting of the same The advantage of this auxiliary spotlight is that you have a wide, sensibly shaped section (space the road), in which, according to the statistical investigations, only rarely an oncoming Vehicle device. So you rarely need to switch off this section or the relevant auxiliary headlight. A lighting system in which one of the auxiliary headlights has a kinked border, as shown in Fig. 4, is good for a slow driving style and for areas with a lot of traffic, (slightly shorter, but wide view) A lighting system on the other hand, the auxiliary headlights with the straight, slightly inclined border

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is better suited for a fast driving style. (wide view)

In fog, these auxiliary headlights described above also improve the lighting. In addition the auxiliary headlight, which shines to the right, must be switched on. This serves the same purpose of Illumination also in the vertical, which is previously known to be the normal low beam in the horizontal has met. The road and its surroundings are illuminated as well as possible, without those in a specific one Angle between the light source and the driver's eye to illuminate lying fog particles, which were thereby dazzling.

A very useful lighting system is one with two auxiliary lights.

a) Because the effect achieved is very favorable in relation to the effort;

b) Because a lot of automobiles already offer favorable installation conditions (they either have double headlights, or elongated headlights, instead of which you can easily use double headlights.)

c) V / eil two auxiliary lights are easy to operate by hand.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 show the illumination of the roadway such systems as do the individual headlights light up in the individual switch positions

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the corresponding tables 3 and 6. The on the left side of the board the illuminated room and its sharp delimitation, and on the right side the "illuminated position" the individual headlights shown.

A switch for a manual control for the lighting system just described can, for example, be designed in the manner of the tried and tested indicator switch lever and attached to the steering wheel column. This switch should be switchable in four stages, corresponding to the four lighting positions of the headlights according to table J and 6. The switching path could be in the direction of the axis of the steering column. The gearshift lever could be pivoted in a limited area so that it can always be carried with one or two fingers during normal operation of the steering wheel, when driving on country roads and, if necessary, operated without taking your hand off the steering wheel.

If automatic control of the lighting system is desired, photoelectric receiving devices and the associated switching amplifiers must be used for this purpose will.

Such a photoelectric receiving device has the task of illuminating the space that an auxiliary spotlight illuminates, monitor for backlighting and switch it off if necessary so that oncoming vehicles do not be blinded.

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1.) the room that an auxiliary spotlight illuminates or

which the photoelectric receiving device is also to monitor, has an irregular shape; 2.) the electronic components in general, and thus also the photoelectric components, always get smaller;

3) a photoelectric receiving device "suddenly" should react when backlighting exceeds the room limit (this is useful for the following Switching amplifier);

It is necessary to create a photoelectric receiving device which meets these conditions. Such a photoelectric receiving device is functionally shown in Fig.7 in the focal surface of the converging lens L ^ i a screen is attached, which has an opening which corresponds in shape and size to the area to be monitored. As the sharp bundle of light from the focal point comes into effect at the aperture limit, the luminous flux increases or decreases by leaps and bounds ("sharp switching") if the spatial limit is exceeded. After the luminous flux has passed through the aperture the light beam is passed through another lens Lo

directed so that it always falls on the same place (as a round light surface) on the projection plane P, completely no matter from which direction of the interstitial space the light comes from. In the projection plane lies on the central axis of the optical system the photoelectric component FB,

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This photoelectric component is through the just described arrangement of the optical components exposed on its entire exposure area.

Disadvantages: This optical system only works well up to a solid angle of about 10 °. However, this solid angle is still good when using two auxiliary thrusters sufficient.

If an automatic control is used, it is also advisable to "provide a manual control" as in some In cases of traffic, an automatic system is not sufficient.

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Claims (3)

Adalbert Fritsch 84-54- Schnaittenbach Rotbühlstraße 10 claims 1. Motor vehicle lighting system for partial Auszw. Failure to illuminate the roadway, in one or more sections, which can be done by hand or by an automatic with additional manual control is controllable, characterized in that as used for this purpose Lighting units used headlights, which act as a sharp He 11 dark boundary well-known effect of radially possible sharp heli-dark limitation take advantage of. 2. Motor vehicle lighting system for partial illumination according to claim 1, in which a section illumination is used in which the illuminated space is sharply delimited to the side and to the front, characterized in that a headlight in conjunction with a special bilux lamp , which is able to generate a sector-shaped light cone, of an angle! size = ¹¹ smaller than 180 ° and equal to or greater than 90 ° "over the reflector, is used, and that this headlight its light cone in such a position and direction against the roadway radiates, so that it illuminates a room or area which BAD On ^ - ··· - · 109822/021 1 a sharp cut-off line towards the side and has forward. 3. Motor vehicle lighting system for partial illumination according to claim 1, which by an automatic is to be controlled and needs photoelectric receiving devices for this purpose, characterized in that that the photoelectric receiving device consists essentially of an optical system in which a diaphragm (B) in the focal surface of the converging lens (L ,,) lies, which corresponds to the space to be monitored in terms of its size and shape, and one in the beam path another lens (L ^) lies, which is in its focal length and is dimensioned in its position sp that it directs the light beam so that it is always in the center of the plane of projection (P) hits, from whatever The direction of the surveillance area the backlight occurs, and thereby the photoelectric component (PB) full exposed whose exposure area lies in the center of the projection plane. 109822/021 1