DE1613597A1 - Nozzle wall for a thermoelectric machine - Google Patents

Description

dr. MÜLi-ER-BÖRg DifH.-iNiä. GRÄLFS 1 §1 3-107

DIPL.-PHYS. DR. MANlTvZ blPL.'CHEM. DR ^ DEUiFEI- ^ PATENT TANWAt-TE '

GEHEBAI.E
3Jtie ia; Boetie - Paris 8-; ffrankreicn

Bushing wall for a thermoelectric machine

The invention relates to a nozzle element for a thermo-electrical Maschina, especially from the Artjfeiner mag-. netohydrodjmamisehen Blaschinej and relates above all to the ends separating the elephant electrodes in an MHU-TJusä.

It is known that in _: an HHD nozzle the electric field can be split into two components .: .The one component jS ^, called the transverse component, is perpendicular to the direction of flow of the plasma and equals ^ uBv where u is the velocity of the plasma and B is the induction inside the nozzle, and the other component Jäjk of the electrical noise, called the longitudinal component, Ι «fe parallel to the direction of flow and has the value ßuB, where ß is the Hall effect- Coefficients of the generator denote

'vlexm er, dunes with large dimensions are concerned (hasty κ elin; -Megawatt jih & nu sch) so the so ltompoiieEten dos

1 0Ö8 1 7 / 02S6 _BÄD pFisöiWAt

BRAUNSCHWEte, AM ΒΟΗΟΚΒΡΑΠΚ ei 'S "<OS311 2B4 βΤ BMUNCHENZa ₁ ROBEBr-KOCH-STR.!' S iqanr ΪΙΒΓΙΟ:

Field can generate tensions of several thousand yoIt.

An object of the invention is to provide the electrodes separating nozzle walls, which are very well insulated against both the longitudinal tension and the transverse tension.

Another goal is to create nozzle elements that can be assembled very easily.

The invention relates to an MHD nozzle element with at least two ^{electrode support walls separated from one another by at least two insulating walls 1} , which is characterized in that the insulating walls have a metallic part provided with lines through which a cooling fluid flows, on which the Inside of the nozzle elements made of impact-resistant material are attached, the shape of which is essentially truncated pyramidal and are arranged adjacent to one another.

is joint-tight and truncated pyramid-shaped and the side by side and / to each other

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention the heat-resistant elements on the wall by screwing attached by means of a thread at one end having and provided with washers and a nut, the other end of which is brazed.

The refractory elements are preferably rough;

1098 17/0256

1613537

sintered, pure magnesium oxide

Further details and advantages of the invention are provided in following based on a preferred embodiment explained with reference to the drawing} in this shows:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view corresponding to two different, vertical planes of an MHD nozzle on the flow axis of the fluid,

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of a heat-resistant Vaiidelement, Fig. J is a front view of the [same element,

Fig. 4 is a front view of one with its fastening device provided heat-resistant element,

5 shows a perspective illustration of a heat-resistant element provided with its fastening device ,

6 is a perspective view of part of the end of a nozzle provided with the assembled dressing;

7 shows the same arrangement in end view, and

Ig. 8 a front view of two joined nozzle elements *

In J ¹ Ig. 1 the pyramid-shaped elements 1 can be seen, which represent the essential feature of the walls according to the invention «-

The upper rope of the -3 ig. 1, d * h, the part above the axis XX ', represents a section of the nozzle according to one on the flow axis of the plasma perpendicular to the plane, this plane being the line of separation between two rows of elements.

The lower (part of the 3? Ig. 1, i.e. the leil below the axis XX'ι represents a section of the nozzle according to a plane perpendicular to the flow axis of the plasma, wherein this plane through the plane of symmetry of a number of elements runs. ·

According to Bach FIG. 1, the nozzle has two walls 2 and 3, to which electrodes, shown schematically at 4 and 5, are attached. These walls are preferably made of copper, cooled by a cooling liquid which täaläuft in piping as 6 »These conduits are mounted in the wall and communicating with aen inflow channels 7 and 8 and the drain-lines ΊΟ and 11 in combination.

ORIGINAL

109017/0256

The invention relates to the walls 1Λ and 15 », which are vertical to the electrodes and which, in the example shown, are perpendicular to the walls used for holding the electrodes. ; - "'-' -.- '" .- "..".

These walls have a metallic element like ^ 7? the "consists of copper 'for example and is thereby cooled, that in lines such as 18, a cooling fluid is put into circulation that enters through a line 19 and through a line 20 drains. ,, .. ■ ■ ■

There are a number of heat-resistant elements on the wall 1 provided with the same dimensions as in Figure 1 is shown. These elements essentially have the

. ■ ^: _ ■ ":" ■ rectangular -

Shape of a truncated pyramid with a square base, gind Arranged side by side to form a completely square Line network,

The shape of the elements can also in other ways be selected and-are selected, "for example, cylindrical, cubical 'Häadöder parallelepiped. In the case of pyramldencti ^ fFÖrraigen Qo st old iat.es ervrünscht that the gebildetö from two opposing lateral planes angle is low Good behavior with regard to the explosion is achieved if, after various thermal expansion above or unio.j3ii, .s9m "i?}: Iaatcir this essentially the form

ToaS 1 T7 0 2B6

of a right-angled parallelepiped.

In the various figures, the angle mentioned is shown greatly exaggerated to facilitate the drawing.

The material of these elements is chosen so that the temperature T, up to which they can be heated without damage, is sufficiently high to avoid any deposits of the small ropes contained in the plasma, bsxir, at the pressure prevailing in the nozzle . -e -Keliae (Semence) takes place,

If the dopant is a potassium salt, then Material preferably sintered, pure magnesium oxide chosen.

However, any other heat-resistant material can also be used can be used if it satisfies the condition that the electrical conductivity is low at a low temperature is.

The elements such as 1 can, according to a variant of execution, also consist of a partial trip with insulating material covered over metal, with the insulation, in such a way; that oxo among themselves and from the metallic supports v; ie '\ i \ - and I? are isolated.

_χ 10 90 * _{17/02 56 ßAD}

161359?

Before a detailed description of the method of fastening the heat-resistant elements to the metal wall, refer to Figures 2, 3, 4- and 5 are referred to ^ the a front view a heat-resistant element, as well as a front and show a perspective view of a heat-resistant element provided with its fastening pin.

From Figure 2 it can be seen that the heat-resistant element 1 on the side of the large base line an inclined surface 30 possesses ^ which has a flattening 31 with the side walls of the element is in connection.

Finally, a cylindrical recess is made in the element in the middle of the large base line. ,

tr

The elements are attached to the wall with a pin provided, which is provided with a thread at one end 4-1 (see Figures 4 and 5) and the other end in the Recess 32 is stuck and fixed to the element by brazing connected is·

It. it is now clear how the wall elements are assembled. -

The elements are arranged next to one another in a joint-tight manner, the contact taking place via the flattened area 31. they are

109817/0256 originally inspected

screwed to the wall by means of pins 40 and by means of Nuts 44 and washers 45 »preferably of the type Schnorr, stuck,

FIG. 5 shows the assembly taking place by means of tin soldering a previously partially metallized element and a pin 40 *

A second way of fixing the refractory elements on the wall is to hard solder them to the wall or weld on * This saves the pins and associated parts. In certain establishments this is siäll en Type of attachment advantageous because fiie greater strength having. . .

The insulation is made by injecting a polymerizable,

silicon-containing
Completed substance in the interstices 50, which remain free between the wall and the inclined surfaces 30 «The polymerization is carried out on the spot after the injection.

Preferably this is commercially available under the brand name "Silastene" available material due to its heat resistance, which allows use up to 30Ö ° C, as well as due to its chemical inertness with regard to the small

'' Germs t

Particle or - (Semence). The one under the

Hamen "P.E.L," "well-known substance Is also well suited»

The continuous copper wall and the side of the ceramic in contact with it must be perfectly flat in order to ensure good thermal contact. The metallic area consisting of the brazing or the screw must have a small cross-section in relation to the surface of the heat-resistant lining in order to reduce the electrical insulation losses. :. - ^: · '"

The cooled copper wall can be connected to a potential without any disadvantage which is very different from that of the plasma, and As the fluid that transports heat, it can contain water under high pressure, an organic liquid elevated boiling temperature or a metal (urodium) kept in a liquid state can be used »

The presence of the polymerizable material prevents the germs (semenee) from coming into contact with the metal of the nozzle wall. Ss can be in the. Wall at the level of the iErenhuiagslinlen of the rows of ¹ hitzebeständigen'Slementen advantageously ^ - 'as grooves X' / ie 55 with a rectangular or trapezfo-cmigenL cross section mounted vxerden, x ^ hich the adhesion of the polyrnerü olerbaren material 'bogÜELstigen by mix the contact surface of the Hetall the \ um is enlarged. In addition, the ο se * lilllen oil makes the olektri-see field very dry

109817/0256 BAD

longer, which enables an improvement in insulation will.

The length of a wall provided with a wall according to the invention Nozzle can reach a meter. To produce a nozzle with large dimensions, such elementary nozzles can abut one another be joined together. The tightness is achieved by a seal made of polymerizable material, which is applied to the end face of the nozzle element, as shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, which each show the end of a nozzle part provided with the seal intended for attachment to a similar nozzle is. The figures show an end view of a nozzle according to the invention and a rope cut from two joined nozzle elements. The seal 65 is removed polymerizable BL material is uninterrupted in shape of a band with a low thickness on the! gate of the surface of the Nozzle applied. At the ends of the nozzle elements arranged on their outer part bracket 66, which by means of screws and

wr JO. * ■ · . ■ _. -, ·· -,., A supplementary

Nuts are joined together to allow Attachment without metal flanges in contact with the Plasma brought to earth. .

■ 10 9 8: 1,7 / 0-250 ^taboftta "^ ' ^rüchü

Claims (11)

- ■ αν *, -ϊ ■ ■■ - -. P a te nt a nap back 1.] MSD-Mse with at least two walls carrying electrodes, the are separated from each other by at least two insulating walls, which each have a metallic part * the one with is provided with lines through which a cooling fluid flows, d.by g e k e η η ζ ei c h η e t that the insulating walls provided with elements on the inside of the nozzle which are arranged next to one another in a joint-tight manner and are insulated from one another and with respect to the metallic part. 2. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k en η ζ ei eh net, that the. Elements are made of a heat-resistant material that is selected to withstand a temperature, which is at least equal to that of the boiling point of the dopant , CSemence) "at the pressure present in the nozzle is. ; '.; -: .._ 3 »A nozzle according to claim 2, characterized ge ken η ζ e i net, that the elements of sintered _s pure magnesium oxide loading ^ -. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η ζ ei c.h η e t, that the elements are frusto-pyramidal. - 5 «nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that that the elements on the metallic part of the insulating wall are fastened by means of a screw, one end of which with one base of the element is brazed - and the other End is provided with a screw and washers, 6. Nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that that in the middle of one of the bases of the heat-resistant element for the introduction of the fastening screw and for A recess is provided to facilitate brazing. 7 «nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that that the elements are attached to the metallic part by brazing. ο Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that that the refractory element near one of its Base is beveled on the entire circumference. 9. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η ζ ei c h η e t, that grooves are provided in the metallic wall at the height of the dividing lines of the metallic elements. 10. Nozzle according to claim 1 $ thereby g e k e η η ζ. e i c h η e t, that between the. metallic 2) part of the wall and the sloping surfaces The space left free by two adjacent elements is filled with a polymerizable silicone elastomer which is attached to Was polymerized in place and steepness. 109817/0256 11. Nozzle according to spoke 9 »thereby g e k en η ζ .e lohne t, that the grooves are filled with polymerizable silicone elastomer. "'■' ■■ - .. .'- '■: ■ 12. Nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a net, that the end face mii> a layer of polymerizable em .Silicone is provided so that it has an identical nozzle can be put together. 1098 177.0 2T)