DE1598962A1 - Arrangement for determining the humidity with neutrons - Google Patents

Arrangement for determining the humidity with neutrons

Info

Publication number
DE1598962A1
DE1598962A1 DE19641598962 DE1598962A DE1598962A1 DE 1598962 A1 DE1598962 A1 DE 1598962A1 DE 19641598962 DE19641598962 DE 19641598962 DE 1598962 A DE1598962 A DE 1598962A DE 1598962 A1 DE1598962 A1 DE 1598962A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cavity
arrangement
reflector
combination
neutrons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19641598962
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Reinhold Bessing
Dresia Dipl-Phys Dr Heinrich
Wigand Lunau
Fischoetter Dipl-Ing Dr Peter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1962R0032955 external-priority patent/DE1231927B/en
Application filed by Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH filed Critical Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH
Publication of DE1598962A1 publication Critical patent/DE1598962A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
    • G01N23/203—Measuring back scattering
    • G01N23/204—Measuring back scattering using neutrons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/09—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being neutrons

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Description

"Anordnung zur Bestimmung der Feuchtigkeit mit Neutronen" Zusatz zum Patent ... (Anmeldung R 32 955 IXb/421) In der hauptanmeldung wird eine Anordnung zur kontinuierlichen Bestimmung der Feuchtigkeit von Feststoffen durch Messung elastisch gestreuter Neutronen beschrieben, webei die Kombination Neutronenquelle und Zählrohr in einem Hohlraum angeordnet ist, dessen Abmessungen um ein mehrfaches größer sind als die Abmessung der Kombination, während der Hohlraum ganz oder teilweise durch Teile des Meßgutbehälters gebildet wird und ein wasserstoffhaltiger Reflektor vorgesehen ist, der den Meßgutbehlter und/oder den Hohlraum wenigstens teilweise nach außen begrenzt. "Arrangement for the determination of humidity with neutrons" addendum to the patent ... (Application R 32 955 IXb / 421) In the main application an arrangement for the continuous determination of the moisture content of solids by measuring elastic Scattered neutrons described, webei the combination of neutron source and counter tube is arranged in a cavity, the dimensions of which are several times larger as the dimension of the combination, while the cavity is entirely or partially through Parts of the test material container is formed and a hydrogen-containing reflector is provided is that the measured material container and / or the cavity at least partially to the outside limited.

Weitere vorteilhafte Au@führungsformen der anordnung bestehen darin, die Kombination Neutronenquelle und Zählrohr innerhalb des Hohlraums weitmöglichst vom Meßgut entfernt anzuordnen, den Meßgutbehälter als Rutzche, Rohr, Schacht oder Bandförderer auszubilden und schließlich den Reflektor gleichzeitig als Abschirmung nach außen hin zu benutzen.Further advantageous embodiments of the arrangement consist in the combination of neutron source and counter tube within the cavity as much as possible to be arranged away from the material to be measured, the material container as a pipe, tube, shaft or Train belt conveyor and finally the reflector at the same time as a shield to be used externally.

Bei der weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung gemäß Patent ... (Anneldung R 32 955 IXb/421) wurde gefunden, daß es sehr vorteilhaft ist, wenn man das Zählrohr gegenüber den Reflektor mit einem thermische Neutronen absorbierenden Stoff abschirnt.In the further development of the invention according to patent ... (registration R 32 955 IXb / 421) it has been found that it is very advantageous to use the counter tube shields the reflector with a thermal neutron absorbing material.

Verzugsweise verwendet man für die Abschirnung Cadmium, Bor, Gadoliniu8m oder Verbindungen bzw. Legierungen dieser Elemente. Zusätzliche Legierungsbestandteile können beispielsweise Eisen oder Aluminium sein.It is preferable to use cadmium, boron, gadoliniu8m for the shielding or compounds or alloys of these elements. Additional alloy components can for example be iron or aluminum.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird erreicht, @@ß die vom Reflektor unmittelbar auf das Zählrohr reflektierten thermischen Neutronen von der Abschirnung absorbiert und daher nicht von dem Zählrohr registriert werden. Dagegen werden die thermischen Neutronen, welche vom zu messenden Schüttgut reflektiert werden vom Zählrohr erfaßt, weuil die Abschirmung erfindungsgemäß lediglich gegenüber dem Reflektor erfolgt.The present invention achieves that of the reflector Thermal neutrons reflected by the shielding directly onto the counter tube absorbed and therefore not registered by the counter tube will. In contrast, the thermal neutrons, which are reflected by the bulk material to be measured are detected by the counter tube, because the shield according to the invention only opposite the reflector.

Meßtechnisch vermindert sich durch die vorliegende Erfindung die Nullrate erheblich und die Meßrate sowie die Meßempfindlichkeit werden erheblich verbessert. Beispielsweise wurden bei der Bestimmung der Feuchtigkeit in Koks in einer Anordnung der erfindungsgemäen Art mit abgeschirmten Zählrohr bei 0% Feuchtigeit 2.500 Impulse pro Zeiteinheit und bei 3% Feuchtigkeit 3.200 Impulse pro Zeiteinheit gemessen, während die Impul@@ahlen ohne Abschirmung, jedoch bei sonst gleichem Aufbau der Anordnung, 19.500 bzw. 20.500 Impulse pro Zeiteinheit aufwiesen. Durch diesen Vergleich wird die Steigerung der Meßempfindlichkeit besonders deutlich.In terms of measurement technology, the present invention reduces the zero rate considerably and the measuring rate as well as the measuring sensitivity are considerably improved. For example, when determining the moisture in coke in an array of the type according to the invention with a shielded counter tube at 0% humidity 2,500 pulses measured per time unit and at 3% humidity 3,200 impulses per time unit, while the impulses are without shielding, but with the otherwise identical structure of the Arrangement, 19,500 or 20,500 pulses per time unit. Through this comparison the increase in measurement sensitivity becomes particularly clear.

Statt eines üblichen Zählrohres kann man selbstverständlich auch andere Detektoren für thermische Neutronen z.B. Szintillationszähler, Spaltkammern oder Ionisationskammern verwenden. Ferner ist es selbstverständlich möglich, in einer Meßanordnung mehrere Detektoren und/ oder mehrere Neutronenquellen einzusetzen.Instead of a conventional counter tube, you can of course also use other ones Detectors for thermal neutrons e.g. scintillation counters, fission chambers or Use ionization chambers. Furthermore, it is of course possible in a Use measuring arrangement several detectors and / or several neutron sources.

Die Elemente Zählrohr und Neutronenquelle können in einem Abstand von 0 und maximal zweckmäßig 20 Zentimetern angeordnet sein. Der Abstand der Meßkombination oder der einzelnen Elemente vom zu messenden Gut ist abhängig von der Stückgröße des Meßgutes und des zu erfassenden Meßvolumens. Im allgemeinen werden daher die Elemente in einem Abstand zwischen 5 und 20 Zentimetefn vom Meßgut anzuordnen sein.The elements counter tube and neutron source can be at a distance be arranged from 0 and a maximum of 20 centimeters expediently. The distance of the measurement combination or the individual elements of the item to be measured depends on the piece size of the material to be measured and the volume to be measured. In general, therefore, the Elements have to be arranged at a distance of between 5 and 20 centimeters from the material to be measured.

In der Zeichnung wird eine mögliche Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung veranschaulicht: Auf der Zeichnung bedeuten 1 das zu messende Schüttgut, 2 das Zählrohr, 3 die Neutronenquelle, 4 den Hohlraum, in welchen die Kombination angeordnet ist und 5 den wasserstoffhaltigen Reflektor. 6 deutet die Abschirmung des Zählrohrs 2 gegenüber den Reflektor 5 an.The drawing shows a possible embodiment of the present invention illustrates: In the drawing, 1 denotes the bulk material to be measured, 2 denotes the counter tube, 3 the neutron source, 4 the cavity in which the combination is arranged and 5 the hydrogen-containing reflector. 6 indicates the shielding of the counter tube 2 opposite the reflector 5.

- Patentansprüche - - patent claims -

Claims (2)

Patent ansprüche 1. Anordnung zur kontinuierlichen Bestimmung der Feuchtigkeit von Feststoffen durch Messung elastisch gestreuter Neutronen, wobei di. Kombination Neutronenquelle und Zählrohr in einem Hohlraum angeordnet ist, dessen Abmessungen um ein mehrfaches größer sind als die Abmessung der Kombination, während der Hohlraum ganz oder teilweise durch Teile des Meßgutbehälters gebildet wird und ein wasserstoffhaltiger Reflektor vorgesehen ist, der den Meßgutbehälter und/oder den Hohlraum wenigstens teilweise nach außen begrenzt nach Patent ... (Anmeldung R 32 955 IXb/421, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zhhlrohr gegenüber dem Reflektor mit einem thermische Neutronen absorbierenden Stoff abgeschirmt ist. Claims 1. Arrangement for the continuous determination of the Moisture of solids by measuring elastically scattered neutrons, where di. Combination neutron source and counter tube is arranged in a cavity, the Dimensions are several times larger than the dimensions of the combination, while the cavity is wholly or partially formed by parts of the material container and a hydrogen-containing reflector is provided, which the material container and / or the cavity at least partially limited to the outside according to patent ... (application R 32 955 IXb / 421, characterized in that the Zhhlrohr opposite the reflector is shielded with a thermal neutron absorbing material. 2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man für die Abschirmung Cadmium, Bor, Gadolinium oder Verbindungen bzw.2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that one for the shielding cadmium, boron, gadolinium or compounds or Legierungen dieser Elemente verwendet. L e e r s e i t e Alloys of these elements are used. L e r s e i t e
DE19641598962 1962-06-20 1964-11-13 Arrangement for determining the humidity with neutrons Pending DE1598962A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1962R0032955 DE1231927B (en) 1962-06-20 1962-06-20 Arrangement for the continuous determination of the humidity of solids by measuring elastically scattered neutrons
DER0043494 1966-03-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1598962A1 true DE1598962A1 (en) 1970-10-22

Family

ID=25991564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19641598962 Pending DE1598962A1 (en) 1962-06-20 1964-11-13 Arrangement for determining the humidity with neutrons

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1598962A1 (en)
NL (1) NL6704063A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0644300A2 (en) * 1993-08-18 1995-03-22 Kurt Heim Floor drying method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0644300A2 (en) * 1993-08-18 1995-03-22 Kurt Heim Floor drying method
EP0644300A3 (en) * 1993-08-18 1995-07-12 Kurt Heim Floor drying method.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6704063A (en) 1967-09-27

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