DE1598795C3 - Reagent for displaying alcohols in gases - Google Patents
Reagent for displaying alcohols in gasesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1598795C3 DE1598795C3 DE19661598795 DE1598795A DE1598795C3 DE 1598795 C3 DE1598795 C3 DE 1598795C3 DE 19661598795 DE19661598795 DE 19661598795 DE 1598795 A DE1598795 A DE 1598795A DE 1598795 C3 DE1598795 C3 DE 1598795C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- chromium
- alcohol
- alcohols
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 claims 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- FDRNXKXKFNHNCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-anilinophenyl)-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 FDRNXKXKFNHNCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEJORCUFWWJJPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO.CCCCOCCO QEJORCUFWWJJPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093475 2-ethoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NDVWOBYBJYUSMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1O NDVWOBYBJYUSMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Substances OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Description
Kieselgel wird dann im Vakuum so lange getrocknet, bis es eine frei fließende Masse ergibt, die vorzugsweise einen Wassergehalt ungefähr zwischen 10 und 12 Gewichtsprozent aufweist.Silica gel is then dried in vacuo until it gives a free-flowing mass, which is preferably has a water content between approximately 10 and 12 percent by weight.
Vergleichstafeln für den Farbumschlag können in der auf diesem Gebiet der Technik üblichen Weise hergestellt werden.Comparison tables for the color change can be found in the in the usual manner in this field of technology.
Schwankungen im Wasserdampfgehalt der zu untersuchenden Gase beeinflussen die Untersuchungsergebnisse in keiner Weise; dies wurde in einem Bereich zwischen 20 und 90 % relativer Feuchtigkeit festgestellt. Ferner stören auch organische Verbindungen wie Azeton, Benzol und Hexan die Analyse mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Reagenzes nicht. Außerdem ist das erfindungsgemäße Reagenz in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen ungefähr 20 und 400C mit großer Anzeigegenauigkeit verwendbar. Beim Farbumschlag ergibt sich zunächst eine Farbgrenze mit nur geringem Kontrast, jedoch verstärkt sich dieser nach und nach innerhalb höchstens 2 Minuten bis zu einer deutlich sichtbaren Farbgrenze.Fluctuations in the water vapor content of the gases to be examined do not influence the test results in any way; this was found in a range between 20 and 90% relative humidity. Furthermore, organic compounds such as acetone, benzene and hexane do not interfere with the analysis with the aid of the reagent according to the invention. In addition, the reagent according to the invention can be used in a temperature range between approximately 20 and 40 ° C. with great display accuracy. When the color changes, there is initially a color border with only slight contrast, but this gradually increases within a maximum of 2 minutes until a clearly visible color border is reached.
Außerdem wurde festgestellt, daß sich das erfindungsgemäße Reagenz unter Luftabschluß wenigstens 2 Jahre lagern läßt.It was also found that the reagent according to the invention at least in the absence of air Can be stored for 2 years.
Das erfindungsgemäße Reagenz eignet sich ganz besonders gut zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Alkoholen in Luft und insbesondere in vielen Fällen zur Bestimmung des Grenzwertes nach ACGIH, d.h. also zur Bestimmung der Konzentration, der Personen ohne Nachteile täglich ausgesetzt werden können. Bei der quantitativen Bestimmung wird ein bestimmtes Volumen des zu untersuchenden Gases mit einer ganz bestimmten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, durch ein längliches Bett des erfindungsgemäße Reagenzes hindurchgesaugt oder hindurchgedrückt, wobei dann die Länge der Farbsäule, in deren Bereich ein Farbumschlag stattgefunden hat, ein Maß für die Konzentration des Alkohols ist; zur Bestimmung der Konzentration dienen in üblicher Weise durch Eichung hergestellte Vergleichstafeln.The reagent according to the invention is particularly suitable for the quantitative determination of alcohols in air and especially in many cases to determine the limit value according to ACGIH, i.e. therefore to determine the concentration that people can be exposed to on a daily basis without any disadvantages. at The quantitative determination is a certain volume of the gas to be examined with a whole certain flow rate, sucked through an elongated bed of the reagent according to the invention or pushed through, in which case the length of the color column, in the area of which there is a color change has taken place is a measure of the concentration of alcohol; to determine the concentration are used in the usual way for comparison tables produced by calibration.
Im folgenden soll an Hand eines Beispiels die Bestimmung der Konzentration von Isoamylalkohol erläutert werden.In the following, the determination of the concentration of isoamyl alcohol is explained using an example will.
färbten Säule nachLength of the
colored column
färbten Säule nachLength of the
colored column
in Luft (10-»)concentration
in air (10- »)
Es wurde eine Pumpe verwendet, die pro Hub 100 ml der zu untersuchenden Luft förderte. Die Daten des verwendeten Röhrchens waren 3,0 ± 1 mm LD., und es wurde ein Bett des Reagenzes mit folgenden Abmessungen verwendet: 50 mm ± 5 m. Die Enden des Röhrchens waren mittels Glasfaserbändern verschlossen. Es wurden mehrere Röhrchen hergestellt, zunächst am einen Ende verschlossen und dann während 12 Stunden bei 2500C getrocknet, mit dem Reagenz gefüllt und dann am anderen Ende verschlossen. Die Ergebnisse sind in der vorstehenden Tabelle aufgeführt.A pump was used which delivered 100 ml of the air to be examined per stroke. The data of the tube used was 3.0 ± 1 mm LD., And a bed of the reagent was used with the following dimensions: 50 mm ± 5 m The ends of the tube were closed with fiberglass tapes. Several tubes were produced, first closed at one end and then dried for 12 hours at 250 ° C., filled with the reagent and then closed at the other end. The results are shown in the table above.
Die Länge der umgefärbten Farbsäule bei Anwesenheit eines bestimmten Alkohols steigt mit dem durchgesaugten Luftvolumen an, wie die vorstehende Tabelle zeigt, so daß die Empfindlichkeit des Meßverfahrens ebenfalls größer wird.The length of the recolored color column in the presence of a certain alcohol increases with the one that is sucked through Air volume, as the table above shows, so that the sensitivity of the measurement method also gets bigger.
Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung anderer Alkohole zeigt die folgende Tabelle:The results of the investigation of other alcohols are shown in the following table:
Verbindungconnection
n-Amylalkohol n-amyl alcohol
Isoamylalkohol Isoamyl alcohol
See-Amylalkohol Sea amyl alcohol
Tert-Amylalkohol Tert-amyl alcohol
n-Butylalkohol n-butyl alcohol
n-Butylalkohol n-butyl alcohol
Iso-Butylalkohol Isobutyl alcohol
Sec-Butylalkohol Sec-butyl alcohol
Tert-Butylalkohol Tert-butyl alcohol
Hexahydrophenol Hexahydrophenol
Äthylalkohol Ethyl alcohol
Äthylenglykolmonobutyläther (2-Butoxyäthanol)Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol)
Äthylenglykolmonoäthyl-Ethylene glycol monoethyl
äther (2-Ethoxyäthanol)ether (2-ethoxyethanol)
«-Furfurylalkohol «-Furfuryl alcohol
Methylalkohol Methyl alcohol
Methylamylalkohol (Methylisobutylkarbinol) .Methyl amyl alcohol (methyl isobutyl carbinol).
2- Methylcyclohexylalkohol
Isopropylalkohol2-methylcyclohexyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
PropylalkoholPropyl alcohol
Grenzwert (ΙΟ-")Limit value (ΙΟ- ")
100100
100 100100 100
100100
10001000
200200
200200
25 10025 100
400400
Eichung (10"e)Calibration (10 " e )
25 50 25 25 50 50 50 5025 50 25 25 50 50 50 50
100 25100 25
200200
bis 2000until 2000
bis 1000up to 1000
bis 2000until 2000
bis 2000until 2000
bis 4000up to 4000
bis 4000up to 4000
bis 4000up to 4000
bis 4000up to 4000
bis 800to 800
bis 1000up to 1000
bis 10000up to 10000
25 bis 80025 to 800
5050
2525th
100100
2525th
2525th
100100
100100
bis 1000 bis 500 bis 10000up to 1000 up to 500 up to 10000
bis 1000 bis 800 bis 10000 bis 10000up to 1000 up to 800 up to 10000 up to 10000
Keine Grenzwertangabe nach ACGIH.No limit values according to ACGIH.
Diese Tabelle zeigt den weiten Anwendungsbereich des Reagenzes auf Alkohole sowie den großen Konzentrationsbereich für Luft, der mit diesem Reagenz noch erfaßbar ist. Nur einige wenige Alkohole, wie Benzylalkohol und Glycidol, ergeben kurze, schwach gefärbte Farbsäulen, und zwar auch dann, wenn die Luft mit diesen Alkoholdämpfen gesättigt ist; trotz der Anzeige dieser Alkohole eignet sich also das Reagenz nicht besonders gut für die quantitative Analyse dieser Alkohole. Es konnte lediglich ein Alkohol ermittelt, werden nämlich Diazetonalkohol, der bei Anwesenheit in Luft nur einen äußerst geringfügigen Farbumschlag zur Folge hat, und zwar selbst bis zu Konzentrationen von 10~4. Bei der Alkoholbestimmung ergibt die quantitative Analyse bei Temperaturen unter 15° C keine besonders genauen Angaben, und bei noch tieferen Temperaturen zwischen 4 und 150C lassen sich nur dann einigermaßen zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse erzielen, wenn das zur Untersuchung herangezogene Röhrchen in der Hand gehalten und auf diese Weise erwärmt wird, so daß auch in diesem Falle kein Korrekturfaktor erforderlich wird.This table shows the wide range of applications of the reagent for alcohols as well as the large concentration range for air that can still be determined with this reagent. Only a few alcohols, such as benzyl alcohol and glycidol, give short, pale columns of color, even when the air is saturated with these alcohol vapors; Despite the display of these alcohols, the reagent is not particularly suitable for the quantitative analysis of these alcohols. It could merely determines an alcohol, diacetone alcohol Namely, in the presence of air in only a very slight color change result, even up to a concentration of 10 ~. 4 When alcohol analysis, quantitative analysis at temperatures does not give particularly precise data below 15 ° C, and at even lower temperatures 4-15 0 C or less satisfactory results can only be achieved if the relied on to investigate tube held in the hand and on is heated in this way, so that no correction factor is required in this case either.
Claims (6)
zeichnet, daß das Reagenz einen Wassergehalt un- Ein besonderer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen gefahr zwischen 10 und 12 Gewichtsprozent hat. Reagenz liegt darin, daß es außerordentlich schnell und5. Reagent according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains an acid of pentavalent phosphorus,
indicates that the reagent has a water content of between 10 and 12 percent by weight. The reagent is that it is extremely fast and
die Dämpfe gewisser Alkohole eine erhebliche Feuer- Diese zwei Bestandteile des Reagenzes werden mitmoderately "harmless or, depending on the concentration, also- The acid of pentavalent phosphorus is extremely toxic. In addition, metaphosphoric acid (HPO 3 ) is moderately called.
The vapors of certain alcohols create a substantial fire- These two components of the reagent are made with
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46047965A | 1965-06-01 | 1965-06-01 | |
US46047865A | 1965-06-01 | 1965-06-01 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1598795A1 DE1598795A1 (en) | 1972-03-02 |
DE1598795B2 DE1598795B2 (en) | 1973-07-19 |
DE1598795C3 true DE1598795C3 (en) | 1974-02-28 |
Family
ID=27039709
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19661598795 Expired DE1598795C3 (en) | 1965-06-01 | 1966-05-28 | Reagent for displaying alcohols in gases |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1598795C3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6517130B1 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2003-02-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Self positioning vacuum chuck |
-
1966
- 1966-05-28 DE DE19661598795 patent/DE1598795C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1598795A1 (en) | 1972-03-02 |
DE1598795B2 (en) | 1973-07-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) |