DE1588676A1 - Automatic overcurrent switch - Google Patents

Description

Automatic overcurrent switch

"The invention" relates to an electrical interrupter in particular, an automatic circuit breaker capable of overcurrent with great accuracy and high speed can be interrupted and which is easy to trigger.

In order to simplify the complicated design of conventional current limiting breaker for tert-splitting systems and to create a new interrupter of high reliability and low manufacturing costs _$ be the inventor in US Pat Ito. 3,226,5o? and the pending patent application Ho "523" 376 (filed January 27, 1966) disclosed magnetisoh'i'u. Top-end, if r-. Suggested use only.

X «i, baui'e. eggs Vt. · Ν - \ ': ^: ■ ι, o ^ r - ^ ^ Ai ^ r, Πγ "> criminals was erjiVJ.-tte.it j Φ ύ _C: ^ ^ ^ .i XiOtl ^.' ^ Te cav ^ 'ifjimng, oils between oliiüjn iii ^ -i be / ¹ ^ Λ o- ^ uai ?: ^ i -Atric l «iton ~ den. Term from ύ} Hma.f: / iu- ^u Jj;, Qiiem ατ , οιΐί yu / fcritt, cla ;;; Yom. Magneten aiigeaogeji wiru ₂ immediately Äwiej ^ mTb ron oa »Io _Milli /: -. fi.ki-üidön ■ b'-i ;? So H ^; change« rom abalmüit, naoaü-wa a. gro'Bs-e alöktriLicliex- Oti ^ orn daiOJi given the limb

This ^ atsachö is it possible to get a 009 83 3/0 34? "" ^

to create new compact and cheap breakers.

According to the invention "there is the automatic breaker from a switching element, one from diamagnetic Fabric-made electrical conductor and a dem Switching element associated with the lock-release element, the switching element being movable in order to be in one of its Positions by the conductor to close the circuit and in the other position to separate the circuit by the line connector that responds to the lock-release.

This blocking release has a conductor, a magnet which is mounted corresponding to the conductor, and a pre-tensioning device in order to apply a voltage opposite to the magnetic attraction to one of the conductors, the magnetic attraction between the conductor and the magnet being such, that the conductor and the magnet are kept in the attracted and in the repulsed state, depending on how the balance is between magnetic attraction and the biasing force. The lock trigger normally -verbleibt in aspirated state to the Schaitorgan lock _s whereas unteir t3 ~ berstrombedingungon kl ^ Uusv the magnetic attraction in this position is called the Tupspannmigskraft, whereby the £ pex ·: · - release tripped -. 7IrCl ₅ - to dieseii in .clf ii ABG> uifcöße ~ - NEN state au _s bring so that the Look; 1 corgaii ύοά the one position in the other gebracfvc w§r3. ^ N can to the. To break in the circle "

The invention thus relates to a new breaker decreased _s in which the Srsoheinung vflxd availed that the magnetic Ansiehung, the existing between one of diaiaagnetisciaem fabric electrically conducting member and a magnet occurs »largely

■■ 0ÖÖ813 / -ÖU7- " ^: - ^: - ³

BATH

~ ³ ~ 1580878

; -; - is given when a larger current flows through the term ■ "■}. V - ■■■ '' ■ ■■ .. '■■■■■■

The invention provides a breaker, the one ßjperr release with fixed permanent magnet, a movable straight electrical conductor made of diamagnetic Fabric that is normally attracted to the permanent magnet and a pre-tensioned one having acting on the spring, in which below Overcurrent conditions in the conductor the magnetic attraction, acting on the conductor becomes smaller than the biasing force of the biasing spring to move the conductor away from the permanent magnet.

The invention also relates to a double-pole four-terminal breaker with lock release, the two fixed electrical conductors made of diamagnetic Fabric possesses, with a moving magnet, which in the normal state of the fixed conductors is tightened, and with a preload spring that acts on the magnet. In the event of an over current through the conductors, the will be on the permanent magnet Acting magnetic attraction smaller than the preload force the bias spring to move the permanent magnet away from the fixed conductors.

In addition, the subject of the invention is an interrupter, which resembles one or the other of the above-mentioned breakers, in which the conductor made of diamagne »- table fabric is U-shaped.

According to the invention are the salient features of the breaker the following:

1) The interruption of overcurrents is high Speed in less than one oscillation period of the technical frequency (hereinafter referred to as one "Oscillation period") is possible.

In the usual breakers, the interruption of the overcurrent is carried out in two stages, d. he by triggering a locking device to the main contacts of the circuit breaker and, by moving or !! running the main contacts, to avoid the overcurrent to interrupt at the contacts. With such a two-stage breaker, the mechanical Inertia of both the locking device and contacts as well as its movable support the interruption sequence slowed down so that the interruption of high speed within one period of oscillation is hindered. ·

In contrast, in a breaker according to the invention, a more easily movable conductor, e.g. B. an electric conductive member made of diamagnetic material used to act both as a trigger element and as a carrier of a light moving contact of the switching member to act, reducing the inertia of the moving member of the lock trigger is largely reduced and on single-stage operating sequence for overcurrent interruption becomes possible. Investigations have z. B. confirmed that a large overcurrent interrupted with the interrupter according to the invention in half an oscillation period can be.

2) The service life of the interrupter is long because of the disadvantageous mechanical and electromechanical effects the overcurrent on various components of the circuit breaker can be avoided by the high interruption speed.

00 ^ 833/0347

In. some of the usual breakers with magnetic Locking devices, the conductor becomes resistant to the charging current next to its magnet even after opening the main contacts of the breaker held »Thus a follow current can result, which is due to the opening of the main contacts follows, e.g. B * an arc current through the contacts, adversely affect some components of the interrupter «,

In contrast, according to the invention, the conductor itself, through which the overload current runs, is quickly moved away by the magnets. As a result, there is no risk of adverse effects occurring on the magnet due to the overload current. Such an interruption of the overcurrent and the isolation of the "excess current passing through the conductor from the magnet only by an interrupter nach.der invention _s allows an electrically conductive member of diamagnetic material has, in particular, the risk of such adverse effects are further reduces _f namely by the movable contact • of the switching element is attached to the movable conductor member.

Generally a permanent magnet in the magnetic "part de ii magnetic when üperr-timer is used so.wirkt 'UEL: ov, -. ^: ::; r-oa !. ₅ \ erd ^ -. next to the magnetic part -laid Le.it ^ x- uui'ehiufen,? ^; ■ uin ^ ehend, die Magnetisiez'ung-äes periisauüiiüöü ytaapiö: ■■ ·.; N. permanently under-

■ bind ». ■ Unt-ersuiihui'ipren have rv-.v.o ^ b. bad den that one

■ permanent iiitaa ^ netiBlerunp; ">"■■>LJriLfcrb;? 6cii ^c : r naoh the invention is not possible. ii.-s ή Led ajügenommen that the-'fikit-feriLuiig K ^ iäclien the 1st ^ Elder and the magnet

. scha eil suniirmrbfr bavor die dux.:. h the overcurrent induced fflagnetomotoriociie force so -χ: Yes, how the coercive force of the permanent magnet increases.

ORIGINAL I ■ 00 9 0 3 3/0147

3) Furthermore, experiments have shown that the tripping speed of the interrupter according to the invention on the polarity of the overcurrent to be interrupted

remains unaffected. Thus becomes a rapid interruption within half an oscillation period possible.

4) The closing time of the breaker is very short. This is made possible by the fact that the mass of the movable Limb is very small. It also causes the magnetic attraction between the stationary Part and the movable 3? Eil of the switching organ one Shortening the closing time. The described one-step The workflow of the invention is also beneficial the shortening of the closing time * ■

5) The circuit breaker operating history is stable and is occurring only to a very minor extent affected mechanical vibration

In the interrupter of the invention, the difference between the magnetic locking force and the biasing force can be very large _s with a fast and reliable overcurrent interruption is guaranteed. As a result, the effective locking force, which is equivalent to the difference between the two forces, -rmr · large »in order to block the effect due to vibration; -; α freisumaoaen "

6) The breaker has a simple--. Construction on and. is cheap to manufacture.,

7) The breaker can easily be converted into a trip-free breaker. In the usual breakers it was necessary to use additional components, such as coils, pawls, etc., around them

009Ϊ33 / 034Τ BADQRlQiNAL

to make releasing. The breaker according to the invention can, however, be made trip-free very easily will.

* 8) The magnetic induction flux to block the contact part can also be used to extinguish the arc ·.

For a better understanding of the invention is referred to Reference is made to the following drawings. It shows:

Fig * 1 is a vertical section of the breaker according to the invention j

Pig * 2 a side view of the one shown in FIG. Breaker;

Figures 3A to 30 are sections on the line HI-III of the figure 1, the various forms of a permanent magnet and an electrically conductive member of diamagnetic Stcff show that in the Breakers according to the invention can be used;

Fig. 4a to 4f a sequence of photographs, ie the interruption sequence of the ίφ. Figure 1 reproduce the * interrupter;

Figures 5a to 5f and 6a to 6f show two sequences of photos, the the results of the various experiments represent the working principle of the breaker circuit to confirm according to the invention;

Figures? A through 7B are an elevation and a plan view of the Four-terminal double pole interrupter after the Invention;

FIGS. 8 and 9a to 9f show a schematic representation and FIG Sequence of photographs depicting a device for the Operation of a U-shaped electrical conduction

to test tend member of diamagnetic substance in the interrupter according to the invention can be used and the result of a test performed on this device;

10A and 10B are vertical and partial sections, respectively of an embodiment of the invention in which a U-shaped electrically conductive member consists of diamagnetic substance is used;

11A through 111 are diagrams showing the various configurations of the TJ-shaped electrically conductive member of diamagnetic Represent matter that can be used in the invention, and.

12A to 17C are diagrammatic representations. Schi-edener embodiments according to the invention.

The same components and devices are used in all drawings represented by the same numerals and symbols.

With reference to Figures 1 and 2, which represent a trip breaker according to the invention ¹ , the reference numerals 1 relate to the bottom plate of the breaker, 2 to the cover, 3 to a pin mounted on a permanent magnet M, 3a a rotary knob which engages the pin 3 and can be moved on the surface of the cover 2 in a guide 3b formed thereon, 4 on a pivot pin to the rotatable permanent magnet M on the electrically conductive member 14 made of diamagnetic material hold, 4a on a further pivot pin to mount the magnet M rotatably, 6 on a movable contact which is attached to the free end of the magnet member 14 and to the stationary

—9—

DD 9 Ö 33/0347 bad original -,

Contact 7 cooperates on one of the terminals 11 and 12 is, this time z. B. Terminal 12, and 8 a biasing spring to a biasing force on the magnetic member 14 in the opposite "direction to to give magnetic attraction between the. permanent Magnets and the link 14 · there was a lock trigger is generally indicated by 13 and consists of the magnetic member 14, which in this embodiment Is flat iron-shaped, the rotatably mounted permanent magnet M and the preload spring 8.

The permanent magnet can be magnetized to any polarity, e.g. Bc so that the S-PoI at its lower edge occurs parallel to the magnetic member 14 and, on the other hand, the E-PoI at its upper edge (S ¹ Ig. 3A). The invention is not limited to this polarity arrangement. It is also possible to provide appropriate polarities \ carry on, ζ ■ _"-Β β two pole pieces on the opposing surfaces of the permanent magnets Tertikaien M ₉ so DAB an S-PoI on one of the pole pieces and the H-PoI is formed at the other pole ( lig »

It is advantageous to provide a space between the permanent magnet M and the magnetic member 14 when it is attracted to the permanent magnet M. ^ Qxm. so d _; er'7 / er.bstof £ ? -n the contacts 6 and 7 is abraded by constant Betivteb, the width of the gap is correspondingly reduced, and the force-fit connection; between the contacts 6 and 7 'is -'always guaranteed. The gap is also useful for adjusting the contact pressure between the. "Contacts 6 and 7 ·

An excellent material for the electrically conductive magnetic member 14 is magnetic lift lock material

or soft ferrite according to US patent Hc-. 3,226,5o7, has reversible thermal variation properties of magnetic permeability. However, it is also possible to form the link from other suitable material, e.g. from soft iron or from a permanent magnet. If a high degree of electrical conductivity is desired for the link 14, it can be formed as a composite link , which consists of an electrically conductive element 14b- ¹ , for example "copper," and an element 14a 'made of a diamagnetic material, for example soft ferrite "(FIG. 3G)".

The permanent magnet M consists of a diamagnetic gate Material with reversible thermal variation properties and independent magnetization, e.g. Al-lTi-Co-Y compounds (Alnico Y), barium ferrite etc. In contrast, the permanent magnet M can also be made of other diamagnetic materials that have no specific properties, or even an electromagnet, provided that the magnetic member 14 is made of diamagnetic material, which has reversible thermal variation properties more magnetic Permeability ", and that the breaker has no switching delay characteristics for interrupting a relatively small overcurrent required *

In the operating state when the interrupter circuit is closed is, the circuit carrying the working current runs from the terminal 11 via the magnetic member 14, the contacts 6 and 7 closed at this time? to the other terminal 12. Under the conditions indicated by solid lines in FIG. 1, the magnetic member 14 attracted by the permanent magnet M to keep the breaker in the closed position to block so that the working circuit is closed. By pressing the Yes rotary knob to the right

LÄD ORIGINAL

from the position shown in "Figure 1, the permanent. Magnet M around the pivot in a clockwise direction turned »by turning the knob 2a with the pin 3 comes into engagement. After going through the gap, "is the right lower edge of the β permanent Magnet M in direct contact with the magnetic member 14, in order to move its free end downwards. As the permanent magnet M continues to rotate, through Move the rotary knob 3a to the far right Position (Fig. 1) is the movable contact 6 from stationary contact 7 moved to open the breaker. When the knob is at its extreme Right position is rotated to the left (Fig. 1), the movable contact 6 is again in a similar manner, but in reverse order, brought into engagement with the stationary contact 7.

A suitable click device should preferably be used be provided so that the knob 3a on both Leaking its run-through so ^ ka be held can.

The interrupter according to the invention is with a suitable switching delay for relatively small overcurrents slowly triggered while a relatively large one overcurrent or fault current causes immediate tripping The slow release with switching delay takes place using the thermally reversible reduction the magnetization of the permanent magnet M due to the heat generated by the overcurrent or the like ^ prefer thermally reversible reduction of the permeable " speed of the electrically conductive magnetic member 14, the caused by the same heat. Because the for the reduction of magnetization or permeability required time up to a given level depends on the degree of heat generation of the link 14 - this:

-12-

Degree is in turn related to the size of the overcurrent -, it is possible to set any desired switching delay parameters by maintaining the appropriate balance of heat generation in and heat dissipation is chosen by member 14 in relation to the overcurrent passing through it.

The immediate tripping of the breaker., Which is described below, is an essential feature of the invention. Experiments with the breaker of the Pige 1 have shown that if a large overcurrent, e.g. B. approx. 1 ooo ^c / o of the estimated continuous load capacity of the interrupter through which the conductive member 14 flows, the member 14 is separated from the permanent magnet M extremely quickly or immediately and the movable contact 6 is then moved away from the stationary contact 7, to interrupt the overcurrent. The mentioned 1 000% of the estimated current were only mentioned by way of example, the invention not being limited to such overcurrent quantities, but rather it is also possible to develop and manufacture circuit breakers which can immediately interrupt an overcurrent which is much smaller, e.g. B. 5> oo % of the estimated exercise capacity. It will be described below that the interruption of such an overcurrent can be facilitated by a suitable arc extinguishing chamber, the overcurrent being interrupted quickly after the circuit between the

Contacts 6 and 7 is open.

A short circuit test was carried out with the interrupter of FIGS. 1 and 2, using 50 Hz / alternating current of 1,600 Δ eff. was added with 1oo volts through the conductive member. "·." ■■ '■ ^-13-: The behavior of the chopper for 00 high current was in the movie with 1o qoo frames per second captured Figures 4abis 4f ■.

show some recordings in which the permanent magnet M is magnetized with the polarity shown in Figure 3B was the time from closing the breaker is given for each image in Table I.

··. "" ■ "■ - ■" ■■ Table I ■ "'. · Fig. Hummer 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f Closing times (ms) 0 1, o 2.4 3.8 5.2 6.6

It can be seen from FIGS. 4a to 4f and Table I. ', That with the interrupter according to the invention a-large overcurrent can be interrupted very quickly - can. In fact, in the aforementioned test, the large overcurrent became about 1/5 of the oscillation period (2o ms) interrupted after the circuit breaker closed was. -. "■ - ■ '

Such short interruption times are due to the fact attributed to that the mass of the electrically conductive Link 14 made of diamagnetic material or the movable Element of the breaker is very small. The exact "process in the rapid reduction of the magnetic Attraction between the magnet M and the link. 14, that on the great stream that runs through it is not yet known. It is believed that the behavior of the magnetic regions of the member 14 due to the extremely large current passing through it. p. . ■. . .

The test also showed that the. Magnitude of the magnetization of the; permanent magnet M by the large electrical: .Str _: o%, - was not influenced and that.der. _: Breaker wieAe.rholt can be used; The ^-: Due to the Hichtbeeg-nflussung. of the permanent magnet ■ M from / a large, current through the: Magnetic member .is on

000833/0347

attributed to the fact that the member 14 is from the permanent Magnet M is moved before the magnetomotive force on the permanent magnet M, which is due to of the large current passing through member 14 occurs to the level of the coercive force of the magnet M increases, and on the fact that the large current cut itself off through the breaker became.

To confirm the fact that such a rapid interruption of the large overcurrent by the breaker according to the invention is due to an operation that the magnetic attraction is reduced due to the passage of a large electric current through an electrically conductive member made of diamagnetic material, which is from is attracted to a magnet, further individual tests were carried out using two types of combinations, each consisting of a permanent magnet, a member of diamagnetic material and a biasing spring device. A large electric current was driven through the magnetic member of each combination assembly. The photographs of the assemblies are shown in Figures 5a and 6a. Here, too, the behavior of the arrangements was recorded with a film speed of 10,000 recordings per second. Individual images are shown in Figures ^ b to 5f and 6b to 6f.

In the arrangement of Figure 5a, the pole pieces were on attached to the opposite sides of a permanent magnet made of ferrite and an electrical one conductive link made of diamagnetic material made from an electrically conductive copper belt and a piece of iron such as that shown in Figure 3C was used. An alternating current

009Ö33 / 0347 _EA -

- ¹⁵ ~ 1588678

of 5o Hz and 2 7oo A eff. was through with 100 volts the compound link driven. The closing times, of the interrupter to control the forced current with regard to each image of FIGS. 5b to 5f is shown in Table II.

Table II

Fig. Number 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f Bottom closing times in ms 0 3 ₉ o 5 _f o 8, ο 9.5

In the arrangement of Figure 6a, an electrically conductive member made from an iron belt was used made of diamagnetic material housed stationary, which has a sufficiently high rigidity to the mechanical To be able to withstand force that occurs due to the electrical current being passed through, and a ferrite magnet was made in the manner shown in Figure 3A gekennzeiohneten magnet state attached to the free end of the coil spring in a movable manner. It a 50 Hz alternating current of 1 6oo A eff. driven with too volts through the fixed iron belt. The closing times for each image in FIGS. 6b to 6f are listed in Table III below.

Table III

Fig. Chamber 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f Closing times in ms 0 2.5 4.5 6.5 1o, 5

5b from the figures to $ £ and 6b to 6f, and Tables II and III show that a natural process has been proved, that is, namely, if a given large current is driven by an electrically conductive member made of diamagnetic "substance, the magnetic

009833/034?

Force exerted between the limb from diamagnetic Fabric and a magnet occurs, is substantially reduced almost instantly.

FIG. 1 thus shows that when the interrupter is automatically opened by the magnetic member 14 is brought into a position remote from the magnet M, the magnetic attraction between the Magnet M and the member 14 is lowered so that the member 14 in the position away from the magnet M away is held in order to keep the movable contact 6 separated from the stationary contact 7. To the one on this To close the open circuit breaker, it is necessary to turn the rotary knob 3a into its open position to move, do the locking action between the permanent magnet and the magnetic member 14 resume and then turn the knob to the left (Mg. 1) into the closed position. If the error or overload condition has not been eliminated before the reclosing just described are, the breaker is opened again in the manner described, and thus a so-called easy-release mechanism in the Built-in breaker.

In the interrupter according to the invention, the contacts 6 and 7 are preferably in an arc extinguishing chamber housed so that any arc current is quickly interrupted after the contacts are quickly opened will.

In Figure 1 is a forked arc extinguishing wall 9 on the Housed inside the top wall 2 and the arc extinguishing projections 100 also lie on the inner surface of this top wall.

-17-

009833/0347

. Thus, the invention provides a breaker that consists of a lock release, which in turn has a magnet and an electrically conductive member made of diamagnetic Substance opposite to the magnet is appropriate to lock it in a safe manner and rapid tripping resulting from a fault or overcurrent condition. Consequently The object can be achieved by reducing the overcurrent magnitude to a low one by a rapid tripping operation Limit level.

In addition, the design of the breaker made it possible according to the invention, in particular the attachment of a movable contact on a member of the tripping ~ sers in connection with the actuation of the contributor Member of the trigger by an operating lever that a simple, operationally reliable mechanism with trip-free release was created. ·

The construction of the interrupter according to the invention, which was shown in Figures Λ and 2, can easily be changed to a double-pole interrupter »

Figures JA and JB show a double-pole current limiting circuit breaker according to the invention, in which two electrically conductive members 14a and 14b made of diamagnetic material are used for each one pole. two-pole otromblimiting / interrupter of very riüjvachfcuu structure «

With regard to the; - figures imagine ^ a dir ·; Reference numeral 1,. the. Baseplate of the · ■ tJnberbrech-ijrs, '2 the cover and' H ₅ 11 * and 12, 12 ^r: 2 & ^r ei lilenuueiipaare ₅ where the -erstora aa aur opeisequelle aa one end "of the base plate and the latter fin a charge at the opposite end of the base plate "

- ■ "■■■" ■■ - "■ ■ - -18-

0833 / 03-47

In this particular embodiment shown in FIGS. TA and B, the element 14a, which consists of electrically conductive diamagnetic material, is attached to the base plate and is in the electrical circuit between the Terminals 11 and 12 ■ inserted «The other link 14b, made of the same material, is attached to the base plate and is ^{inserted into the electrical circuit between terminals 11 'and 12 1} ,.."-.--; .

Instead of the preload ^{spring 8 the J 1} Xg. 1 are the elastic conductors 8 and 8 ', which have movable contacts 6 and 6 * fixed thereon, with each magnetic member 14 and 14b via the _; Conductors 29 or »29 '■ connected at one of their ends ^ The stationary contacts 7 and 7 ¹ are connected to the terminals 11 and 11' and. work together with the movable contacts 6 and 6 '. The elastic conductor 8 and 8 'are biased in a Hichtung to the circuit between the contacts 6 and 7 and the circuit between the contacts 6', and to interrupt 7. ¹ Instead of the elastic conductor, it is also possible to use individual pre-tensioning means, e.g. "B ₀ springs, in order to apply the aforementioned pre-tension to the movable contacts in the correct direction in order to interrupt the circuits"

The skilled person is aware that the o.oppelpolige breaker of Figures 7A and 7B are used as a single-pole breaker kanri ₅ by one of the two members 14a and 14b, _a B zY 14b, short-circuited.

For the sake of simplicity of illustration, the mode of operation of the breaker according to FIGS. A and 7B is only illustrated with reference to the contacts ^: 6 and 7

- ■ - ■■■ - ■ ■■ / ■ -. ■ - ■■ .- ■■■ .. ■■. ■■■, - ■; ■. *: ■ -; ■ '■■■■ - IS-

BATH ORIGINAL,

- ■ - -009833 / 0347.- '■ "- ■ " - ^{r r} >"".

forming circle described. But it goes without saying that a double-pole breaker results if another circuit is included of contacts 6 'and 7' between terminals 11 ■> and added to element 14b.

to close the circle between contacts 6 and 7, the movable contact 6 is pressed against the stationary contact 7 by the ball pusher 5, which is on the lower end of the lever 15a is fixed by the pin 17 attached to the bracket 18 is rotatably mounted is. The rotatable lever 1'5a is in turn connected to the locking lever 31 via the connecting piece 16. The ball 5a sits at the end of the pusher 5 * the friction between the pusher and the elastic Conductor 8, which carries the movable contact 6 to restrict to a minimum.

In this embodiment of the invention, the rotatably mounted lever 15a is short and can thereby perform an angular displacement according to the angular stroke of the locking lever to the interrupter Press IBU. Thus when the breaker is open is, the clear distance between the contacts 6 and 7 and the corresponding distance between the Magnetic members 14a and 14b and the permanent magnet U can be chosen to be relatively large.

In FIGS. 7A and 7B, the rotatable axis 4 of the locking lever y \ is supported by two brackets 21. The upper end of link 16 is rotatably connected to the pivot lever 15a by the pin 19, while its lower end is rotatably supported by the locking lever 31 by the pin. The permanent magnet M is attached to the free end of the locking lever 31. The two Magnetic members 14a and 14b are substantially parallel

stored in relation to each other and in the normal state the permanent magnet M is attracted by the links 14a and 14b «The button 22 is attached to the lever 15a in order to facilitate opening and closing of the circuit between the contacts 6 and 7 *

The operation of the breaker of Figures 7A and 7B is essentially the same as that of the Interrupter according to Figure 1 »The movable contact 6 stays in with the employee's fixed contact 7 Contact, as long as the current passing through the magnetic member 14 remains below a certain given value, whereas he of the fixed contact 7 with a suitable one Switching delay in the event of an overcurrent in a certain range and almost instantaneously in the event of a large short-circuit current is moved.

When the double pole breaker of Figures 7-A. 7B is used on a direct current or a single phase alternating current network, the magnetic members 14a and 14b conduct the operating current in opposite directions. In order to confirm the fact that the magnetic attraction between a permanent magnet and two electrically conductive members made of diamagnetic material, which conduct the current in opposite directions, is also reduced by an excessive increase in the current, a test was carried out in which the in the interrupter model shown in Figure 8 was used.

In the interrupter of FIG. 8, the electrically conductive member 14 made of magnetic material consists from a U-shaped element shown in Figure 11B. The parallel parts 141 of the member 14 are connected to lead wires 29 and 5o so that a current

''. * _ ■ - ^ -21-

009833/0347 bathroom original

through the parallel parts in opposite directions is given. The member 14 formed from diamagnetic material is attached by a suitable stand attached to the base plate 1, and a permanent magnet M is at the free end of the locking lever 31 »of the the pivot pin 4 is rotatably supported, which lies on a bracket which is upright from the base plate runs. The movable contact 6 is attached to an intermediate point of the locking lever 31 to with the stationary Contact 7 work together on the base plate 1 is attached. A preload spring 8 is inserted between the base plate 1 and the locking lever 31, so that a bias can be given to the locking lever 31 in one direction around the circle between contacts 6 and 7 to open.

An alternating current of 5 ° Hz with 1 ooo 1 eff _o was diamagnetic with 1oo YoIt through the electrically conductive member 14! The behavior of the interrupter in FIG. 8, which responded to this large current, was recorded in the film with 10,000 recordings per second. Figures 9a to 9f show some of these recordings. The closing time of the circuit including the breaker of Figure 8 with respect to each shot of Figures 9a to 9f is shown in Table IV. The breaker used in the test had a magnet member 14 similar to that shown in Figure 1 and the permanent magnet M has been magnetized to a polarity shown in FIG. 3A ". Shows" .. \ ■ .- ■■■ -.. ". ■ '-

" ^: - '■ ^.; Table IV

Figo Uummer 9a 9b 9c 9d 9e 9f Closing times ia ms O 2, ο 2.8 2.6 4.3 9.8

BAD ORIGINAL ^{; u} ~ ²² ~ ''

From Figures 9a to 9f and Table IV it can be seen that that a breaker with U-shaped electrical conductive member made of diamagnetic material according to the Invention can interrupt a large current very quickly. Indeed, the breaker after the Figure 8 a large current successfully interrupted in half an oscillation period (2o ms) after the circuit including the breaker for the large current has been closed.

Figures 10A and 10B show an embodiment of the invention in which a U-shaped electrically conductive member made of diamagnetic material is used. Referring to Figure 10A, the reference numeral 1 represents the base plate, 2 the cover and J a rotatable control knob to which the locking lever 31 is attached. The spring 8 is inserted between the base plate 1 and one end of the locking lever 31 in order to bias the button 3 in a clockwise direction around its supporting axis 4. The stationary contact 7 is attached to one end of the essentially U-shaped member 14 made of electrically conductive diamagnetic material (FIG. 10B), while the movable contact 6 is attached to the other end of the locking lever 31. The magnet M of this embodiment consists of two flat permanent part magnets M _x and M ₂ ) which are accommodated on the button 3 on both sides of the movable contact 6.

If with such a lock release 13? whose magnetic member 14 and magnet unit M are arranged as described above, a current which is below a certain, given value flows through the magnetic member 14, the permanent part magnets M ,,; and '..' ■ · -.; ,; ■ / ■ ". ' -. ^ '-23-009833 / 0347 _BAD original

Mp by the magnetic An-ί acting between them Draw is kept in contact with the magnetic member 14-, and thus the flow between the contacts 6 and 7 kept closed.

This is "a particular embodiment of the invention." characterized in that when the current is over the , given value also given by the magnetic member 14 and is interrupted by the scarf torgan including the Eontakte 6 and 7, so the magnetic Stray flux in the seam between the two partial magnets M ,. and M ^ due to the separation of the .Magneten vom Magnetic link 14, reinforced. The increased leakage flux facilitates quick and effective extinction of the arc that occurs as a result of the interruption of the Overcurrent ^ is generated at the contacts. Accordingly, the burning and welding of the contacts can be avoided which significantly improves the operational safety and service life of the Ifoterbreaker »

The formation of the electrically conductive member diamagnetic substance that is in the breaker of the figure ΊοΑ was used ^ must not be just a simple U-JOrm have, as FIGS. 10B and 11B show, but can take any suitable form. It shows the figure 11A a T-shaped construction, figure 110 a changed Y-shape with the sharp corner through a hung has been replaced to resilience to improve against mechanical stress that occurs when a large current passes through the two Arms of the limb flows, the Figure 11D a combination of a waveguide and a solid conductor, the lies on the axis of the waveguide, FIG. 11E two parallel plates, which are separated from each other by a stud bolt, which is in the middle of the plates

00 $ 833/0347

is attached, etc. The stud bolt of Figure 11E must be made of electrically conductive material and firmly in the Midpoint of the electrically conductive magnetic plates be anchored, preferably two at one end interconnected feed wires with their other end on one of the magnetic plates on the diametrically opposite one Points of the plate. The other pair of feeder wires is also at one of their ends connected to each other and its other ends are • on the magnetic plates at diametrically opposite one another Points of the other plate. In order to improve the current-carrying capacity of the magnetic member 14, it is possible to member 14 as a composite member of electrically conductive and ferromagnetic material form, e.g. B. a composite limb of a U-shaped Copper element that is laminated or wrapped in a similar shaped iron element as the Figures 11F through 11H show, or a composite link of a U-shaped copper member 14c which is a or several blocks 14m made of ferromagnetic material which are attached to the link according to Figure III *

In the described embodiments according to the invention the switching element consists of a fixed and a movable contact. However, it is also possible for the switching element to consist of two movable contacts to form, thereby reducing the power interruption ability of the breaker due to the increased speed of the two contacts is increased * Figures 12A 12 and 12B show such an embodiment in detail the invention.

In these figures, contacts 6 and 7 are on one elastic conductors 8a and 8b, which are pretensioned in a diverging direction, ζ B. up or down. One from electrically conductive

009833/0347

Material existing member 14 is inserted into the circuit between the terminals 11 and 12, so that the electrical circuit in the breaker from the terminal 11 through the lead wire 1o ^! , the elastically conductive member 8b, the contact 7j <3.ö: p is attached to the free end of the conductor 8l>, the contact 6, the elastically conductive member 8a, which carries the contact 6 at its free end, the feed wire 9 » cLas electrically conductive member 14 made of diamagnetic material and the wire 1o runs through to the terminal 12,

The magnetic member 14 is in this embodiment Designed in the shape of a horseshoe and made of electrically conductive diamagnetic material such as soft iron

■ Or made of cast material suitable for permanent magnets. Bin leg of the horseshoe-shaped. The limb is traversed by the work stream in one direction, while the other limb of the limb allows the same current to flow in the opposite direction. If it is desired to use diamagnetic material with low electrical conductivity, Z ₀ Bo hard 'or soft ferrites, then the member 14 can be formed as a composite member by either laminating the diamagnetic material onto an electrically conductive member, e.g. _p B "copper sheet, or by the member 14 with a mixture of! ferrite" powder and is molded Kupferpuderteilchen _e It may also aluminum and iron are used in conjunction with ferrite, in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the magnetic member 14 in the manner described

There are two locking levers 31a and 31b, which are rotatably mounted on the axles 4a and 4b, respectively. two magnets M and Mu are provided, which are attached to the free ends of the levers 31a and * 31b , respectively

0Q9833 / 0H7 " ²⁶ "

shaped magnate and the other magnet, VL , cooperate with the other leg of the link 14. The locking levers 31a, 31b lie above the connecting links 16a, 16b on the pivot levers 15a and 15b, respectively. The pushers 5c »5d are attached to the pivot levers 15a and 15b in the vicinity of the rotatably mounted axles 17a and 17b, so that the free ends of the elastic conductors 8a and 8b press against each other through the ball members 5a and 5b. The ball members 5a and 5b are attached to the tips of the pushers 5c and 5d, respectively. A control button (not shown) is also provided at a suitable location on the breaker to break the circuit between contacts 6 and 7 by hand.

The magnets M _e and M, of this embodiment

el D

can be made of the same material as the corresponding magnet M of the previous embodiment, which has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 111.

If the current flowing through the magnetic member 14 is below a certain given value in the interrupter of FIGS. 12A to 12B, the magnets M 1 and M 1 are attracted to the member 14 and remain in contact with it. The magnetic attraction between the member 14 and the magnets U _& and M ^ causes

contacts 6 and 7 i & remain in position around the circle between them via the locking levers 31a and 31b, which Members 16a and 16b, the pivot levers 15a and 15b and to close the pushbuttons, the elastic applied to the contacts by the flexible conductors 8a, 8b Door tension force is overcome. Thus can the current between the closed contacts 6 and be blocked.

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009833/0347

The skilled person is familiar, that when the ma- the _N gnetglied continuous current exceeds a certain gege-.benen'Wert, z. B. by overcurrent or short circuit, then the mentioned magnetic attraction in the lock release 13 is reduced in the same way as in the previous embodiments and thus the locking force acting on the contacts 6 and 7, which is proportional to the magnetic attraction force, is reduced by the Overcome the bias force applied by the elastic conductors 8a and 8b. Therefore, any overcurrent that is above a certain given value can be interrupted by the breaker circuit.

- In the arrangement according to Figures 12A and 12B the two contacts 6 and 7 separated from one another very quickly in order to prevent an overcurrent passing through them. interrupt, and thus the relative speed increases the contacts when opened to double compared to the previous embodiments. The decay of the contact is thus prevented and the operational reliability and durability of the breaker is greatly increased.

By doing. particular embodiment of Figures 13A and 1JB, the electrically conductive member 14 made of diamagnetic material consists of two separate ones leilstüoken 41 and 42 with the attached electrical Contacts 6 or 7 * One of the sections, 41 8 · B., is movable around the circuit between the electrical Contacts 6 and 7 close in one of the positions and the circuit through the contacts in one to interrupt another position. The magnet M is inserted pivotably into the tree between the two sections of the magnetic member 14. In one of those Construction of the breaker can use the separate carrier- -: -28-

009833/0347

means for the contacts 6 and 7 are eliminated, whereby the entire mechanism of the breaker we-,. "■ is considerably simplified "

In Figures 13A and 13B, the base plate 1 means 11 and 12 the clamps, 4-1 the movable part of the .Magnet member 14, which is rotatable at the lower end of · the Axis 43 is carried, 6 the movable contact, .der -At the pointed end of the section 41 is attached, and 42 the fixed portion of member 14, which has the stationary contact 7, which is at its upper End is attached so as to come with the movable contact 6 can be engaged. The section 42 is occupied by a spring 44 in the direction running away from the stationary section with bias and lies above the feed wire 1o at terminal 11 »

When the circuit through contacts 6 and 7 is closed, the movable part 41 takes a substantially parallel position to the stationary section 42 and that in both sections through Current flowing through contacts 6 and 7 creates a force which acts to divide the pieces from one another to separate.

The movable portion 41 is made of diamagnetic material, so that it is attracted by the magnet M and can be kept locked by him. The «magnet M can be kept stationary during normal operation of the breaker, as follows will be described. This allows the movable contact 6, which sits on the portion 41, with the fixed from the portion 42 carried contact 7 a locked Contact revealed to close the circle via contacts 6 and 7, both the clamping force the spring 44 as well as the electromagnetic

00 9 8 _33/0 3 A7 * BAD0RlG, _NA i.

.Power, - which occurs when an electric current passes through the sections 41 and 42 flows, is overcome.

It is of course possible to form the movable section 41 as a composite link, the · an electrical conductive element to with minor Loss of conducting an electric current, and having an element made of diamagnetic material to the one described To cause blocking effect.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 13A and 13B, a rotatable control knob 45, which has the magnet M and forms a unit with it, and a permanent magnet 46 which is attached to the base plate 1 in such a way that the magnetic attraction between the permanent Magnet 46 and magnet M- has the effect that the operating button attracted by the permanent magnet 46 is locked _o

Under overcurrent conditions, the moving part will 41 rotated away from the magnet M, around the circle · between the contacts 6 and 7 in the same way as In the described embodiments to open »TJm to close the breaker again, it is necessary to Required, the control button 45 from the permanent magnet 46 until the movable part is attracted by the magnet M, which is held by the button 45. When turning back the control knob 45 to the permanent magnet 46, the movable section 41 is brought back to the stationary section 42, around the circle between contacts 6 and 7 close"

If the overcurrent conditions are maintained at the time when the breaker is closed again, the movable portion 41 is again

009833/0347 - ^3ο ~

- 3ο -

from the fixed part 42 separated by the overcurrent interrupt by opening the circuit between contacts 6 and 7 in the manner described above will. Thus a working method with trip-free release is guaranteed »

The normal on and off operation of the breaker can be performed by moving the control button 45 towards and from the permanent magnet 46 is moved away "

In each of the mentioned embodiments according to According to the invention, the moving parts of the lock release 13 are always against those between the magnetic member 14 and biasing the magnet M occurring magnetic attraction to initiate the trip and to ensure a quick release, the value of the pre-tensioning force increases considerably at.

There is such a pretensioning device the risk of an unexpected interruption of the working current due to the vibration of the breaker or the reduction in the magnetization of the magnetic elements occurs,

In order to avoid these difficulties, in the case of the interrupter shown in FIG the moving part of the lock release 13 is constructed in such a way that that he is essentially at right angles to the sighting the magnetic Eraft can run between the magnetic member 14 and the magnet M of the lock release works. Thus, it is essentially no longer necessary to "preload the moving part" Mistake·.

BADORlGtHAL ! 33/034? ■ -

In FigUEÄi4- 2 is the housing, 11 and 12 are the terminals, 7 is the fixed contact which lies on the housing and on the terminal 11, and 6 is a movable contact which is attached to the free end of a "flexible cantilevered arm" is again attached to the housing by the rivets 53 in order to cooperate with the stationary contact 7. The magnetic member 14- is inserted between the terminals 12 and the movable contact 6 by means of a lead wire 1o. The magnet H is attached to the operating handle $ o in such a way that, when the handle ^ o is brought into its closed position (as shown by the solid lines in the figure) j there is a magnetic attraction between the magnetic member 14 and the magnet M, around the movable contact 6 by means of the one on one side of the handle trained liase 5oa to bring the fixed contact 7 in contact division and to lock it in this position.

The operating handle 5o is rotatable by an axis 51 stored, which is anchored to the housing .. The coil spring 52 is attached to the axis 51 and occupies the Handle 5o ia sighting for the switch-off position with preload, d · h »into the sighting, so that the movable contact 6 is moved away from the stationary contact 7. One end of the spring 52 is on the head part 51a of the Axle 51 attached and the other end of the spring 52 is held by the projection 5ob formed on the handle 5o

It can be seen from FIG. 14 that the direction of rotation of the handle 5o is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic Force runs between the magnet member 14 · and. Deäi magnet M acts. The upper end of the operating handle 5o extends outside the housing 2

-32- ' 009833/0347

through the gap. 2a, which is drilled out on the ceiling. The handle can be moved back and forth according to the figure between exhibitions and exhibitions »

γ / enn the .Bedienungsgriff 5 ° is in the on position, the circuit is closed from terminal 11 to terminal 12 via the fixed contact 7> the movable contact 6, the magnetic member 14 and the feed wire 1o. As long as the current _s flowing through the magnetic member 14 is below a certain given value, the movable contact 6 according to the I ¹ XgUT 14 is connected to the stationary contact 7 by means of the magnetic attraction and the friction that occurs between the magnetic member 14 and the magnet "held in firm contact V / hen the increases the Un ₇ terbrecher current flowing through a predetermined value, e.g." as a Vfert which is twice as high as that caused by over current estimated value, exceeds the, heat generation in the magnetic member 14 the heat dissipation and accordingly the temperature of the member 14 is increased so that its magnetic permeability is decreased overcome by the pre-tensioning force of the spring 52. This opens the interrupter in order to remove the overcurrent with a switching delay to be interrupted, which is determined by the various V / thermal constants of the interrupter «,

However, if a large short-circuit current, e.g. a Overcurrent exceeding the estimated value of the interrupter several times, the magnetic member 14 flows through, then the magnetic attraction acting on the magnetic member 14 is produced in the de-icing described

0 0 9 8 3 3/0 3 4 7 BAD-OHlGlNAt.

discontinued. Thus, the biasing force of spring 52 prevails and causes the circle over the contacts 6 and 7 is opened. As a result, a large short-circuit current can be interrupted almost instantaneously will*

In this particular embodiment of the invention can the automatic movement of the handle 5o during the interruption process be carried out very evenly due to the fact that the bias of the Each 52 is balanced by the between the magnet member 14- and the magnet M occurring friction, "which in turn is the force of attraction between them is proportional. Tests have shown that the breaker of this embodiment is more uniform can be triggered than was the case for the previous embodiment, one has mechanical preload that acts against the magnetic locking force on the movable contact 6 was given"

Subject of the invention it is also possible to make a very reliable one To create current limiting fuse, which is used again and again by very simple reset can be

In FIG. 15, 6o is a hollow cylinder, e.g. B ₀ a fuse holder made of Bakelite, and 61 and knife-edge clamps. A breaker of simple construction is housed in the cylinder 6o and has the belt-like conductors 9 and 10, the magnetic member 14, the stationary contact 7, the movable contact 6, the elastic conductor 8 and the magnet M on _o The movable contact is at the free end of the elastic conductor 8. As the figure shows, the magnet M is attached to the elastic conductor 8 by the connection 64 «

00 9 833/03 47
BAD ORIGINAL K: n =: rj-d

The ladder 8 has an elevation to allow the movement of movable contact 6 to "limit. Bas window 67 is cut into the cylinder 6o to facilitate the operation of the buckle adjustment knob 66, the is attached to the conductor 8.

The magnetic member 14 and the magnet M form the lock release 13 »whose mode of operation has already been dealt with in detail. It is therefore understandable to the person skilled in the art that the movable contact 6 is locked in the position to the circle through the between the Magnetic member 14 and the magnet M of the lock release 13 occurring magnetic attraction over.die Contacts 6 and 7 to close as long as the current passing through the breaker is below the predetermined one Value, whereas the movable contact 6 after the current exceeded the predetermined value has, by the release process of the lock release 13 is moved away from the stationary contact 7, so that an overcurrent can be interrupted by it it is also possible to carry out the mentioned interruption of the overcurrent with a suitable switching delay, if the overcurrent is not too great «As already described, On the other hand, a large short-circuit current can be interrupted almost instantaneously.

It can thus be seen that the collapsible compact interrupter of FIG. 15 with or without a switching delay to the. Interrupting an overcurrent can be used to protect the electrical circuits from damage, as is the case in conventional safety devices. This particular embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the interruption! ¹ again sum operation to be readjusted _s kana however easy bridges Dureil of the knob 66, the locking trigger is newly banned 13 _e

■ - ÖÖ9S33 / Ö34! bad original. "^^

If repeated use of the breaker is not desired, the reset button 66 and the penster 67 can be dispensed with. It is particularly desirable to protect the breaker from contamination where a completely closed cylinder 60 can be used with the window 67 deformed with suitable resilient material. This results in a fully sealed and reusable fuse ,

Another Fora of the invention, the sub- ^ Research skills will be significantly improved if the lock release is combined with a switch, -sealed in a vacuum container.

Ia Figs. 16A to 160 is 91 ei & switch, the g ^ ieah © ^ de® a drawer made of diaja & gnetic material. fo © st © & @nd the electrically conductive member 14 · one ijperr release and the clamp 12 of the interrupter in ti@a?2.e is seseiialtet. while the other iaide of limb -14 turn aaa of the aßder terminal 11 of the interrupter lay '-

The magnet 92a z _a B · a permanent magnet Mp _{0 of} the switch 91 opens and closes from outside the airtight switch housing, is attached to a ± äade of the jtoas 97, which is drivable on the axis 96. The release spring 93 is also due to a ^ jncLe of - Arms - 97 * while the other Lnde of the arm on the -Terbindung 95 ^m ^ si ^ AERN öperrhebel 31. i »^. The iteder 93 is preloaded to move the trip relays 92 away from the switch 91, while the arm 97 transmits the magnetic / attractive force between the magnet member 14 and the Magasteja M of the lock release 13 7 / irkeiide magnetic / attractive force to the trip magnet 92 to the bias force the release spring 93 to compensate · "■,". · -36-

003833/034?

The breaker lever trigger 94 consists of the on the axis rotatably mounted locking lever 31 »the member M made of diamagnetic material, the one on the free End of the locking lever 31 is attached, and the arm rotatably mounted by the axis 96, which with a The end of the locking lever is united by the connection 95. As FIG. 16B shows, a horseshoe-shaped permanent magnet Mp are used, which is designed so that the switch 91 in the space between is included on both legs.

With respect to Pigur 16C, the switch 91 "used in this embodiment consists of an evacuated container V, two guidewires W1, and Wp embedded at either end of the switch to provide an electrical connection between the inside and outside of the evacuated container , the noses // \ and / C ^ ₁ connected to the lead wires W ^ and W _Q , respectively

are, the contacts 6 and 7 »which are attached to the noses J * and ^ ₂ , and the small magnetic components m ^ and nip, which are carried by the noses Jfy * and J [/ ^ . Instead of using small magnetic components m ^ and Ia ₂ , the noses can be formed with diamagnetic material.

From the breaker of Figures 16A to 16G is for it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that as long as the current flowing through the magnetic member 14 is below the predetermined Value, the release magnet 92 is held close to the switch to its contacts 6 and 7 to lock positively in order to close the switch 91, while at a value exceeding the predetermined value Current the magnetic attraction between the member 14 and the magnet M decreases and the trigger magnet 92 is moved by the switch 91 to separate the contacts 6 and 7 from each other, so that the

009833/0347

Switch 91 opened and the overcurrent interrupted will.

The embodiment shown in Figures 16A to 16C has the advantage that an interruption capability for high current with a compact and simple arrangement is possible because the contacts 6 and 7 are sealed in an evacuated container, to enable quick arc erasure. If about In addition, the tripping magnet 92, for example the magnet M, in the case of the interrupter of FIG. 16, is outside the vacuum switch is placed, then there is the possibility of an effective high vacuum in the vacuum switch by increasing the temperature of the switch for the purpose of pumping out, without the triggering magnet to result in adverse consequences.

In the breaker according to the invention, a display device can be accommodated to show the operating position of the breaker. In this exemplary embodiment, FIGS. 17A to 170 show such a display device in which an operating button 3 is carried by a pivot pin 7 ^ which is attached to the V / and 2 and to a permanent magnet M via the connecting member 73. The permanent magnet M is rotatably supported by the housing wall 2 from the axis, and the link is connected to the permanent magnet and the control button 3 by the pins 71 and 75, respectively. The electrically conductive magnetic member 14 is rotatably supported by the shaft 4a which is attached to the housing wall of the breaker. The terminals 11, 12 and the contacts 6, 7 are arranged and connected in a manner similar to that in the already described exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2. The preload spring 8 shown in FIG. 17A can, however, in this embodiment _ak

-38- 009833/0347

example can be omitted, which will be explained in detail below. The specialist is familiar » that the locking and release process in this embodiment in the same way as in Embodiment of Figure 1 can be carried out. The display device of this particular embodiment according to the invention consists of an indicator 82 which is loosely connected to one end of the lever 83 is connected, and from a rod 84 which is loosely connected to the other side of the lever 83. Of the Indicator is raised to the OFF position, when the breaker is open, lowered to the ON position, when the breaker is closed. The trigger rod 84 can with the electrically conductive Magnetic member 14 come into engagement when the breaker is closed and disengage, when the breaker is opened.

Preferably, the lever 83 should be made of diamagnetic material and the permanent magnet 85 should be attached to the housing wall 2 to create a magnetic attraction between the lever 83 and the permanent To give magnets to accelerate the indicator 82 towards the OFF position. In this particular one Example of the display device ("Figure 17A) is that on the lever 83 with respect to the lever point 83a acting moment of the indicator is slightly larger than the corresponding moment of the rod 84 as long as the breaker is closed. The invention is limited however, do not rely on this arrangement. It can be the relationship between the moment of the scoreboard 82 and that of the rod 84 are brought into the opposite relationship, which in relation to FIG 17A. When the lever 83 is closer to the ' permanent magnet 83 is rotated, takes the

-39-

009833/0347

·

magnetic Ansiehung between the lever 83 and the ^v permanent magnet 85 and causes too fast, that the indicator NaOH 82 is moved upward to the interruption of the circuit breaker indicate and such a magnetic attraction causes also that the conductive member 14 via the rod 84 naoh is pressed down to accelerate the interruption of the circle between contacts 6 and 7. However, when the lever 83 is held in the position shown in Figure 1A, the magnetic attraction is negligible. A click-locking device 79 "is preferably to be used to enable lever 3 to be clicked in when it is moved into the AfIB position, and to provide an extinguishing chamber 8o which has the elevations 1oo.

When the control lever 3 is in the OFF position (Fig 17B) is brought, the trigger tab 84 moves downward after the electroconductive magnet member 14 is rotated, and the operating lever approaches the permanent magnet 85t by the following Movement of the indicator running upwards and also the movement of the magnetic member running near the bottom IU accelerate · The interruption of the circuit breaker is shown in the figure. Both the force of gravity, which acts on the trigger rod 84, and the magnetic attraction force, which acts on the operating lever 83, try to give a bias to the magnetic member 14 in the direction in which the Breaker is opened, and therefore it is possible, under certain circumstances, the spring 8 not am using.

If the breaker is triggered in the same way as in the previous

\ -4O-

BATH ORIGINAL 009833/0347

previous execution "examples was described, thus Figure 17C shows that the operating lever in the UN position is held, but the trigger rod is moved downward by the divergence of the rod and the magnetic member 14. It is also that Break of the switch shown here.

In the display device of Figures 17A and 17C the lever 83 is designed in the form of a balance, which is carried at the lever point 8Yes, however, us is also possible, dec. Lever 83 as a whole with the release rod 84 form, with the same magnetic relationships between the lever 83 and the permanent Magnet 85 remain in place. In this case, the indicator 82 is held in the raised position, when the breaker is closed whereas it is held in the low position when the Breaker is open.

BAD ORiGINAU

009833/0347

Claims (1)

Shoichi Shimada,
Arakawa-Ku, Tokyo, Japan Claims 1. Automatic breaker that is a ladder assembly (14 ·), which consists of electrically conductive diamagnetic material, a blocking release and a switching element has, which can be moved to after response of the lock trigger (13) in one position the circle to close via the ladder assembly (14 ·) and in the other position the circle via the ladder assembly to interrupt, characterized in that the lock release (13) from the conductor assembly (14-), the magnet arrangement (M), which assumes a certain position relative to the conductor assembly (14 ·), and a pretensioning means (8) consists in order to give the conductor (14-) and the magnet arrangement (M) a bias voltage that is equal to that between the conductor and the magnet acting magnetically. see attraction counteracts so that the head and the magnet arrangement must be held in the attracted and repulsed reference position, which is of equilibrium that exists between the magnetic attraction force and the bias force, the lock-out trigger (13) is normally held in the tightened reference position to keep the switching element in this position Lock position, while the magnetic attraction force is reduced in the event of an overcurrent than the preload force to release the lockout trigger (13) triggers, so that it ulsifies the repelled reference 0 0 9 8 3 3/0347 " ² " BAD ORIGINAL FMHSCHRiHEII: 0W40S7 occupies to switch the organ from one to the other Position to break the circle 2u. 2. Automatic off switch according to claim 1, characterized. characterized in that the conductor assembly (14) is movable and the magnet arrangement is stationary. 3. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the ladder assembly is stationary and the magnet assembly is movable. 4. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the magnet arrangement (M) is a permanent Magnet is. 5. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the magnet arrangement (M) is an electromagnet with a solenoid. 6 »Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductor element (14) is made of electrically conductive, diamagnetic a; There is a substance that has reversible heat / changeable permeability parameters, whereby an overcurrent below the calculated value is interrupted by a gradual reduction in the permeability of the conductor (14) with a switching delay Attraction between the magnet arrangement (M) 'cnä. ä.e?:? Leiterbaueicheit (14) is interrupted instantly. ■? «Automatic ·?. ?? ^^ erbre ^ her · after ä ^t isj, -.? uc! i 1, characterized * ^f let the Mtgneb'Uiordnur ^ (M) reversible heat-changeable M BATH ORIGINAL U09833 / 034 / Hi as a result, a value below the predicted value Overcurrent due to gradual reduction of the magnetization of the magnet arrangement (M) 'with switching delay is interrupted, whereas an overcurrent above the calculated value is due to the rapid decrease the magnetic attraction between the magnetic order (M) and the ladder assembly (14) instantly is interrupted. 8 · Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized * in that the gate tensioning means (8) is an electrically conductive resilient member which is connected to the ladder assembly (14) is connected in series » 9 «Automatic interrupter according to claim">, thereby gekOjuiiE-alei-aeut d & 3 also the ladder assembly (14) • as well as the bearing arrangement (M) is movable. 1o · Automatic breaker after piecing -1, thereby gakeanztäicLiiet that the ladder assembly from an im essential? -shaped head is made of electrically conductive diamagnetic material. τΐ · ijelbst active breaker according to claim 1, characterized goltesiiizeichaet that the breaker an additional Sohaltorgan, which is identical to the above and an additional Leiterbaueinheir has, associated with the additional switching element, but is aueinheit) isolated from the Leiterl _t wherein the Lagnetanordnung of the blocking readout '(13) consists of two electrically isolated parts, each connected to one pole of the two-pole unit via the conductor unit in series gs * «so that the two switching elements are simultaneously activated by the blocking release as a composite, synchronized working four-terminal double-pole switching 009833/03 A7
BATH ORIGINAL organ can be operated. 12. Automatic interrupter according to claim Ί, characterized characterized in that the ladder assembly (14) has a fixed part which has a fixed contact (7) of the switching member, and has a movable part which has a movable contact (6) of the switching member possesses, wherein the movable part is parallel to the fixed part to the working current in to flow essentially in opposite directions. 13. Automatic interrupter according to claim 12, characterized in that the magnet arrangement (M) of the Lock trigger (1J) between the two parts of the Ladder assembly is stored. 14. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the conductor assembly is a combination of an electrical conductor element and a diamagnetic Element results » 15 · Automatic interrupter according to claim 14, characterized characterized in that the conductor element of the conductor assembly is substantially V-shaped and that the diamagnetic lillement consists of several magnetic blocks (LIa, Mb), which are attached to the conductor element. 16. Automatic interrupter according to claim 14, characterized in that the conductor again the conductor assembly is substantially V-shaped and that the diamagnetic ^ linen consists of at least one There is a V-shaped section that is layered over the conductor element. 8 λ η 009833/0347 17. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the conductor assembly comprises a conductor element, a diamagnetic element and a thermally insulating Has material manufactured element, which see between the conductor element and the diamagnetis Element is inserted. 18. Automatic interrupter, characterized in that the conductor assembly has two electrically conductive diamagnetic Plates (14c, 14d) which are arranged in parallel, one made of electrically conductive material Support post (14-) firmly attached to the centers of the electrically conductive diamagnetic plates is anchored, two lead wires (9a, 9b) which are connected to one another at one of their ends and lie with the other ends at diametrically opposite points of the one diamagnetic plate, and has two further lead wires (1oa, 1ob) which are connected to one another at one of their ends and at the other ends at diametrically opposite ends Points of the other electrically conductive diamagnetic plate lie. 19 · Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element is a stationary one Contact (7) and a movable contact (6) which is actuated by the lock release. 2oo Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the switching element has two movable contacts which are actuated by the lock release O 21c Automatic interrupter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the interrupter has a lever (15a) -6- ·. 009833 / 03A7 having rotatable from the housing (2) of the interrupter is worn, and that the magnet assembly of the Lock release (13) at the free end of the first lever (15a) is fixed while the movable contact (6) of the switching element is connected to the intermediate point of the first lever, whereby the movement away the magnet arrangement of the conductor assembly, after the overcurrent has passed through the conductor assembly, is transmitted from the lock release to the switching element. 22. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the direction of the reference movement of the conductor assembly and the magnet arrangement of the lock-release perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic occurring between the conductor assembly and the magnet arrangement Lines of force runs. 23. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that the .Direction of the reference movement the conductor assembly and the magnet arrangement of the lock release parallel -2ur direction between the conductor assembly and the magnetic lines of force occurring in the magnet arrangement. 24. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that the interrupter has a movable magnet arrangement which is actuated by the lock release, and a vacuum housing which has two feed wires (w ^, W ₂ ) which are connected to the switching element are connected, wherein the switching element in the vacuum housing is sealed airless and can be opened or closed in response to the movement of the magnet arrangement towards or away from the switching element. 009833/0347 * 25 · Automatic breaker after. Claim 1 characterized through a vacuum housing which has two lead wires (w ,,, Wo) so that the entire Interrupter is housed in a vacuum. 26. Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the magnet arrangement of the lock release has two flat plate magnets, which are arranged so that the switching element is included is to give an arc extinguishing chamber between the two plate magnets. 27 · Automatic interruption! · According to claim 1, thereby characterized in that the magnet arrangement is magnetized with one polarity in such a way that the conductor assembly is attracted by one of the magnetic poles of the magnet assembly. 2CL. Automatic interrupter according to Claim 1, characterized characterized in that the magnet arrangement is such is magnetized with a polarity that the conductor assembly is attracted by the magnet assembly, so that essentially the two magnetic poles of the magnet arrangement be bridged. 29 · Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the magnet arrangement PoI sections having. 3o · Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized by a cylindrical fuse holder (6o) which is equipped with two knife-edge-like clamps (62), the entire interrupter being accommodated in the cylindrical fuse holder (6o).
BATH ORIGINAL 009833 / 03A7 31 · 'Automatic interrupter according to claim 1, characterized by a display device which has a Indicator (82) made of diamagnetic material and held in the ON position when the switching element is in this one position, while it is in the OFF position, if the switching element is in the other position, a release device (92), which is connected to the indicator (82) is positively connected and can come into engagement with the ladder assembly (14) to the indicator (82) in the ON position for so long hold closed while disengaging from the ladder assembly to bring the indicator (82) to the OFF position after breaking the circle, and a stationary one Has permanent magnet that moves the indicator to the OFF position by magnetic attraction can accelerate. 009833/0347 Blank page