DE1571615A1 - Process for the production of molded articles from nitrides - Google Patents

Process for the production of molded articles from nitrides

Info

Publication number
DE1571615A1
DE1571615A1 DE19661571615 DE1571615A DE1571615A1 DE 1571615 A1 DE1571615 A1 DE 1571615A1 DE 19661571615 DE19661571615 DE 19661571615 DE 1571615 A DE1571615 A DE 1571615A DE 1571615 A1 DE1571615 A1 DE 1571615A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
nitrides
elements
production
moldings
temperatures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19661571615
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Chem Reimar Gehrke
Prof Dr Armin Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knapsack AG
Original Assignee
Knapsack AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knapsack AG filed Critical Knapsack AG
Publication of DE1571615A1 publication Critical patent/DE1571615A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/583Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Nitriden Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eint Verfahren zur Her-Stellung von binde- und einterhilfsmittelfreien Formkörpern aus Nitriden des Bors und/oder Siliciums und/ oder der Elemente der 4. bin 6. Nebengruppe. des 2eriodiechen Systeme der Elemente. Zu diesen Elementen zählen ixt erster Linie Titan, Zirkon, Hafnium, Vanadium, Niob und Tantal sowie Ohrom, Molybdän und Wolfram. Es ist-bereits bekannt, binde- und einterhilfemittelfreie Formkörper aus Nitriden.herzustellen. Hierzu wurden bislang die pulverförmigen Ausgangsmaterialien durch Glühen bei sehr hohen Temperaturen, in der Regel oberhalb 2000°0, vorverdichtet, wieder zerkleinert, zu Formkörpern gepreßt oder im Sohliokerguß geformt und dann wiederum bei Temperaturen über 2000o0 gesintert, druckgesintert oder durch direkten Stromdurchgang erhitzt@, Die Herstellung derartiger Pormkürper ist daher sehr aufwendig, weil sie hohe: Temperaturen erfordert und über mehrere Verfahrensstufen verläuft. Zwar wurde auch schon vorgeschlagen, feinteilige Nitride zur Herstellung von Formkörpern einzusetzen, doch wurde nun überraschenderweise gefunden, daß sich auch ohne Hinde- und Sinterhilfamittel die Formkörper viel leich-ter herstellen lassen, nämlich durch druckfreies Sintern bei wesentlich tieferen Temperaturen und in weniger;Yerfahrenssehritten, wenn man die Nitride mit einer Teilchengröße kleiner als 1vorzugsweise mit einer Teilchengröße zwischen 0,5 und 0,005u, eineotzt. Dabei verfährt man so, daß man zunächst aus den Nitrden, z.E. durch Pressar, vorteilhafterweise bei Zimmertemperatur oder im Schlickerguß, die Formkörper herstellt, die anschließend bei Temperaturen zwischen 1 104 und 1&00°0, vorzugsweise zwischen 1200 und 1504°C, druckfrei gesintert werden. Als Ausgangsprodukte eignen sich insbesondere solche Ni-. tride, die gemäß den Verfahren in den deutschen Patentschritten 1 160 831 und 1 193 405 gewonnen wurden. Hidrnach erhält man Nitriae aus den entsprechenden Metällohlo-Tiden durbh Umsetzung.mit Ammoniak oder einem,Stekstoffpasseratoffgemiech in der Gasphase bei erhöhter Teiaper,atur. Dabei wird beispielsweise ein in einem elektrischen Dichtbogen in bekannter Weine auf Temperaturen von über 2500°0 erhitztes und als Wärmeüberträger dienendes Gas bzw. Gasgemisch in einer Nisch$one, deren Wände auf einer Temperatur von unterhalb 55000, vorzugsweise bei etwa 200-0Q, gehalten werden, mit dem gasförmigen Metallchlorid und dem Ammoniak'gleiohzeitig oder nacheinander so rasch vermischt, daß das Gemisch noch mindestens 1:50flo0 heiß ist. Anschließend werden die Reaktionsprodukte gekühlt und da% aus ihnen isolierte Nitrid wird dann zur Herstellung der Formkörper verwendet. Process for the Production of Moldings from Nitrides The present invention relates to a process for the production of binders and additives-free moldings from nitrides of boron and / or silicon and / or the elements of the 4th to 6th subgroup. of the two-period systems of the elements. These elements include primarily titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum as well as ohrom, molybdenum and tungsten. It is already known to produce molded bodies free of binders and additives from nitrides. For this purpose, the powdery starting materials have hitherto been pre-compressed by annealing at very high temperatures, usually above 2000 ° 0, then comminuted again, pressed into moldings or molded in base casting and then again sintered at temperatures above 2000o0, pressure sintered or heated by direct current @, The production of such Pormkürper is very expensive because it requires high: temperatures and takes place over several process stages. Although it has already been proposed to use finely divided nitrides for the production of moldings, it has now surprisingly been found that the moldings can be produced much more easily even without hinders and sintering aids, namely by pressure-free sintering at significantly lower temperatures and in fewer steps , if the nitrides with a particle size smaller than 1, preferably with a particle size between 0.5 and 0.005u, are removed. The procedure here is that the molded bodies are first produced from the nitrides, e.g. by pressing, advantageously at room temperature or by slip casting, which are then sintered without pressure at temperatures between 1104 and 100 ° C, preferably between 1200 and 1504 ° C . Particularly suitable starting products are those Ni. trides obtained according to the methods in German patent steps 1 160 831 and 1 193 405. According to this, nitriae are obtained from the corresponding metallohlo-tides by reaction with ammonia or a Stekstoffpasseratoffgemiech in the gas phase with increased Teiaper, nature. For example, a gas or gas mixture that is heated to temperatures of over 2500 ° 0 in an electrical sealing arch in known wines and serves as a heat exchanger is kept in a niche, the walls of which are kept at a temperature of below 55000, preferably at about 200-0 ° are mixed with the gaseous metal chloride and the ammonia continuously or one after the other so rapidly that the mixture is still at least 1:50 o'clock hot. The reaction products are then cooled and the nitride isolated from them is then used to produce the molded bodies.

Während bei den handelsüblichen Nitridpulvern, die im all- ` gemeinen Teilchengrößen oberhalb 5/u aufweisen, die Binterung erst bei Temperaturen über 2000°0 einsetzt, zeigen die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Nitridpulver bereite Schrumpfungen bei-1000 °C'ünd gestatten somit eine druckfreie Sinterung bei erheblich tieferen Temperaturen. Die erhaltenen Formkörper zeichrien'eIch dadurch aus, daß sie trotz der niederen Sintertemperatur frei von Poren, Bin-! de- und Sinterhilfsmitteln sind. 1eispiel feinteiliges Titannitrid (1), KorngröBe 0,01 bis Oi /u., sowie handelsüblIehe. Ttätrlzl (1I), Xorngröße 5 b,-s 60 u, den bei Rautemperätzu Zylindern von 15 Durchmesser und ca. °10 mm flöhe verpreßt. Nach einstündigem Glühen inrgo:samöephäre ohne Anwendung von guck wurde die der Tabelle angegebene 1)itht-e 'bzw.. Raumerfüllurig erreicht. f 'bis -0 , 1 ;U , b.lt o . qR aum# f9üliung- - Iun g - . tob 3,91,0 59e5 le- 1. 220000 421 81 3r59 67,90 1. 50000 4-,85J 3V60 169,2 i . 40000 5911 98 -3j62 Unter dem oben genannten Sohliekerguß versteht man ein Verfahren, gemäß der, man aus einem Metall- oder Hartstoff-Pulver und Wasser eine ä:ekflüssige aber noch gießfähige Suspension herstellt und in formen, vorzugsweise Gipsformen, gießt, deren Material in der zage ist, das Wasserder Suepeneion aufzusaugen.While in the case of the commercially available nitride powders, which generally have particle sizes above 5 / u, sintering only begins at temperatures above 2000 ° 0, the nitride powders used according to the invention show significant shrinkage at −1000 ° C. and thus allow pressure-free sintering significantly lower temperatures. The molded bodies obtained are characterized by the fact that, despite the low sintering temperature, they are free of pores, binders! de- and sintering aids are. Example of finely divided titanium nitride (1), grain size 0.01 to Oi / u., As well as customary. Ttätrlzl (1I), Xorn size 5 b, -s 60 u, which is pressed into cylinders with a diameter of 15 and approx. 10 mm at a rough temperature. After glowing for one hour inrgo: samöephäre without the use of peep, the 1) itht-e 'or. Raumerfüllurig indicated in the table was achieved. f 'to -0, 1; U, b.lt o . q room # filling- - Iun g - . tob 3,91,0 59e5 le- 1. 220 000 421 81 3r59 67.90 1. 500 0 0 4-, 85J 3V60 169.2 i. 40,000 5911 98 -3j62 The above-mentioned Sohliekerguß is understood to mean a process according to which, from a metal or hard material powder and water, a liquid but still pourable suspension is produced and poured into molds, preferably plaster molds, the material of which is timid that To soak up water of the suepeneion.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von binde-- und einterhiltemittelfreien Formkörpern aus Nitriden des Bors und/ oder Siliciums und/oder Elementen der 4.. bis 6. Nebengruppe des Periodischen Systems der Elemente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die Nitride mit einer Teilchengröße kleiner als 1/u, vorzugsweise mit einer Teilchengröße zwischen 0,5u und 0,0051u, eingesetzt :-den. 1. A process for the production of moldings from einterhiltemittelfreien binde-- and nitrides of boron and / or silicon and / or elements of the 4 .. to 6th subgroup of the periodic table of the elements, characterized in that the smaller the nitrides having a particle size as 1 / u, preferably with a particle size between 0.5u and 0.0051u, used: -den. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ,gekenn$eichnetda$ man zunächst aus den Nitriden, :.B. durch Presee%varteilhafterweise bei Raumtemperatur oder im Sahlirguß Formkörper herstellt, die anschließend bei frstunen zwischen 100 und 18000C, vorsugeweine 'zw.e 1200 und 1500'C, druckfrei gesintert werden. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2. dadurch 9-ekeM,a,_L net, daB von den Nitriaen der Eleaente der 4. 'bin 6,9 Nebengruppe den Periodischen Systeme der Elements* Xitride der Elemente Titan, girx«, Raf.uytt TIt# Niob und Tontal eingesetzt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is first identified from the nitrides: .B. by preseeing, preferably at room temperature or in Sahlirguß, moldings are produced, which are then sintered without pressure at temperatures between 100 and 18000C, as a precaution between 1200 and 1500C. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2. characterized 9-ekeM, a, _L net, that of the nitriaen of the elements of the 4th 'bin 6.9 subgroup the periodic systems of the elements * xitrides of the elements titanium, girx «, Raf. uytt TIt # Niobium and Tontal can be used.
DE19661571615 1966-10-27 1966-10-27 Process for the production of molded articles from nitrides Pending DE1571615A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK0060567 1966-10-27

Publications (1)

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DE1571615A1 true DE1571615A1 (en) 1971-01-14

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0279861A1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-08-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Kouransha Boron nitride sinter and process for its production
DE4425312A1 (en) * 1994-07-18 1996-01-25 Bayer Ag Sintered materials based on Si¶3¶N¶4¶ / BN and process for their production
DE4435182A1 (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-04 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung High strength wear-resistant silicon nitride

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0279861A1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-08-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Kouransha Boron nitride sinter and process for its production
EP0279861A4 (en) * 1986-08-07 1989-11-14 Koransha Kk Boron nitride sinter and process for its production.
US5334339A (en) * 1986-08-07 1994-08-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kouransha Boron nitride sinter and process for its production
DE4425312A1 (en) * 1994-07-18 1996-01-25 Bayer Ag Sintered materials based on Si¶3¶N¶4¶ / BN and process for their production
DE4435182A1 (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-04 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung High strength wear-resistant silicon nitride

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