DE1558443A1 - Copper-bismuth alloy for the contacts of vacuum switches - Google Patents

Description

Iw. Wilhelm Heichei _u Ί558Α43

Fiankfuii / Main-1
Pcaksixa8e 13

5208

Associated Eleotrioal Industrieft Limited, London S.Wd "England Copper-Wienmt alloy for the contacts of vacuum switches

ssss: s: = tar «MMaKMacs 3 sa -s: ίά χ ts · & z: s =: -a ix s: sx si at =;

The invention relates to the manufacture of copper Wienut alloys, the inebteonäere for the contacts of Vacuum holders can be used.

In the manufacture of ale iakuuneohaltern Kontaktaeterial is a copper alloy Wiemit used, the aua copper, de * 0.5 ^ bit j $ + Vieuut are sugegeben. The copper-vieout alloy serves a double sweck, eretene ought to ensure that the too much of the contacts are avoided and, by means of it, the chopping of electricity is reduced to a minimum, while a contact area with a slight arc paiyaation is formed Featen state i "Copper almost not at all soluble, a copper-Wierut alloy is structurally composed of faat pure copper grains, which are covered by a thin pile" aua near pure "Wievut.

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As a result of this structure, the alloy can only be processed with difficulty without causing intergranular fractures, since the wiaautfilas are brittle and the white ones

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Copper grains can be easily deformed. An information of the alloy and consequent rupture of the interface can be achieved by clamping the material in a Chucks or forces exerted on the material by a cutting tool -

According to the invention, greater mechanical strength and improved machinability can be achieved by means of a copper-Viemit alloy containing 1 to 5 + silver, or 0.1 to 2) (cobalt or Elsen, or 0.1 to 1 £ Chxoa or Zircon given «Ind.

The improvement is achieved by increasing the hardness of the copper grains and thereby making the alloy more resistant to deformation and increasing susceptibility to grain size cracks by clamping the material in a chuck or when machining it Sohneidwerkseug can occur. Combinations of the additives mentioned can also be used, although the stated slope should be limited and should be, if the amount of each additive used is expressed in prosentic proportions of the maximum amount given above, the suoae of these percentages are not significantly above 100 - If, for example, 50 % of the specified Naxlsalnenge of Ohrob, i.e. 0.5 pounds, are used, then up to 25 + the specified M * ii * aleenge, i.e. 0.25 % Zircon Susannen oit 25 Ί * of the specified NaziaalBsng · , ie 0.5 ^ Elsen can be given.

The type and amount of additives in the Kupftr-Wiseut alloy are limited by the fact that the essential properties such as the Unvarschweißb & rkelt and the uni-possible a current increase should be preserved, and that also *

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1558U3

the required electrical conductivity is available, which should not be below 40 * 1..AoCS _n (International Annealed Copper Standard),

They modifier elements together with the copper and bismuth in a graphite crucible given Subsequently, the metals are deoxidiert- at a temperature of about 1350 ⁰ C under a Waeseratoffstroi "The furnace is brought to a high vacuum later to degas dan metal before solidification If metals such as chromium and zircon are used, which form oxides which are relatively stable compared to copper oxide, then the additives are preferably added after the deoxidation of the copper and the other metals present.

The additives act to increase the alloy's resistance to deformation Hardness measurements on preferred exemplary embodiments prove which are summarized in the following table. The corresponding values of the electrical conductivities are also included here specified,

Electric

Alloy Conductivity Hard «Y.P-I. - Ö.I.A.O.8-2 "

Copper / O _f 5 * Wiemut 86 *, 36 Copper / 0.5 * bismuth / 2.5 * silver 84 * 65 Copper / i, O * bismuth / 2 * iron 45 * 70 Copper / 1 * Wieout / 2J6 cobalt 48 * 70 Copper / 1 * wiamut / 0.5 * zircon 60 * 70 Copper / Oν5 * Wiemut / O, 85 * Chrom 60 * 72 Copper / 0.5 * bismuth / 1, O * chrome / 60 * 75

Q "1 * Γ zircon

812 / U33

Some of these alloys, e.g. those containing cobalt, iron, zirconium, chromium or a combination of these elements, can be heat treated in a known manner in order to increase both the hardness and the electrical conductivity * The heat treatment consists of a solution treatment at temperatures between 800 and 1000 ⁰ C and a subsequent Ausecheidungehärten at temperatures between 300 and 500 ⁰ C ₀

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BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (5)

Claims se «is3 = ss ss ae χ 1.) Copper-bismuth alloy for making the contacts of Vacuum switches consisting of copper, $ 0.5 to $ 5 bismuth and additionally 1 # to 5 # silver, or 0.196 to 256 cobalt or Iron, or 0.1 # to 1 # chrome or zircon. 2.) Copper-bismuth alloy naoh claim 1, characterized marked that they are made of copper, 0.5 # bismuth and there is 2.5 pounds of silver » 3.) Wiemut copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that d * ss made of copper, and consists lt WisBut 0,5ΐί zircon. 4 ·) Copper-WlsBut alloy according to claim 1, characterized known that they are made of copper, 0.59 ^ VIsnut and Ο, Θ5 £ chroa consists. 5.) Copper-Wisaut alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of copper, 0 _t 5 # bismuth, 1 ^ OhroB and 0,! ^ Zircon « 009812 / U33