DE1556862A1 - Fishing net winch - Google Patents

Description

DIPL.-ING. HANS MEISSNER 28 BREMEN, December 14, 196?

DIPL-ING. ERICH BOLTE ZZVl

PATENT LAWYERS ^

Applicant : 1556862

Industrial and commercial center
Walcker & Go. KG.

2854 Loxstedt / Bremerhaven

Fishing net winch.

The invention relates to a fishing net winch for unplugging and retrieving the ropes of a fishing net, Each rope is assigned a winch side with a driven main rope drum.

The iron net winches used only up to now are in principle constructed so that on an elongated shaft in addition to capstan heads and usual Auxiliary drums, one main rope drum for each winch side is provided. The rope is wound onto this main rope drum or it is taken from this main rope drum settled. The drive of the common or, if necessary, centrally divided shaft is carried out by one for

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both winch sides common motor or by, two, Drive motors assigned to each winch side. That The rope (end of the rope) is wound onto the main rope drum in several layers, depending on which one is unplugged Length of rope.

These previously exclusively, usual fishing net winches have several significant disadvantages:

- By arranging an elongated shaft to accommodate adjacent ones Auxiliary drums, main rope drums and capstan heads are relatively elongated Structure, in which the shaft must also be supported in several places by bearing blocks.

- The use of a main cable drum, which is also the storage drum, is particularly disadvantageous and pull drum is. This is the maximum possible pulling force for such winches limited. So far it has not been possible to use this maximum possible tensile force go out.

- By using a main rope drum on which the rope is wound in several layers the load arm in the main rope drum changes according to the number of layers.

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If the drive force for the main cable drum remains the same, this results in differences the maximum rope pulling force.

In the previously common fishing net winches, the length of the extended rope is measured only possible with the help of so-called rope marks, namely with the help of knot-like thickenings made of hemp, which are woven into the rope at certain intervals; for measurement of the rope lengths, the rope brands must be counted, and these rope brands too can be used to compare the extended lengths of both ends of the rope. The rope brands are however inaccurate to the extent that the rope is elongated during operation. Due to the multi-layer storage of the rope on the main rope drum, the outer Layers due to the high tensile forces in the rope 'Found between adjacent turns leading to premature wear to lead. This adverse effect is caused by the rope marks, which lead to the formation of wedge-shaped Gaps between the adjacent turns on the main cable drum

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lead, increased considerably.

- With the "previously common fishnet winches

an exact continuous measurement and display of the respective existing cable pulling force is not possible possible.

The invention is based on the above-mentioned disadvantages of previously known fishing net winches remove. In particular, with a significantly simplified structure of the fishing net winch, a gentle treatment of the Rope can be achieved with a higher permissible rope tensile force.

The fishing net winch according to the invention is characterized by two jointly driven per winch side, by the Rope several times wrapped around a part of the drum shell friction drum, which one with constant, relatively low torque driven storage drum for the rope is downstream.

Basically, winches with friction drums are ready

Q known, however, to others, unfamiliar with running a

co fishing net winch comparable purposes.

° The novel fishnet winch according to the invention has

<o various surprising advantages. Once the rope is in Compared to the winches customary up to now, even with significantly higher rope pulling forces, more spared, since in the area of the multi-layer storage of the rope, namely on the storage drum, relatively easy

ring tensile forces act on the rope. In the field of higher tensile forces, namely on the friction drum the rope is always only guided in a single layer in special grooves provided for this purpose.

Due to the orderly, single-layer guidance of the rope the friction drums still have the surprising advantage that unplugging and retrieving the Seils constantly corresponds to a very specific number of revolutions of the friction drums. This enables a further proposal of the invention that is contained therein there is that without the previously common rope brands the length of the unplugged or retrieved rope in a simple Way is determined by counting the Umdi & ungen der Frktionstrommelia. These correspond exactly to each a certain length of unplugged or retrieved rope "

Another surprising advantage of the winch is that due to the single-layer guidance of the rope on the driven friction drums and the thereby constant distance of the incoming or outgoing rope from the friction drum shafts The load arm is present, the clear, manageable load values for the gearbox and for the drive motor

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goal results.

Furthermore, the invention makes it possible for the first time with fishnet winches during the sanitary operation of the fishnet winch a measurement and control of the existing line tension. This is possible because of the stress of the drive motor each have a certain line pulling force corresponds, since the load arm in the friction drums cannot be changed, i.e. the load on the drive motor does not appear as changeable. To measure the line tension, according to the invention the drive motor is used for the friction drums, namely the reaction torque on the drive motor a "display device transmitted, in particular by a hydraulic cylinder, which is a suitable measuring instrument, E.g. a hydraulic manometer operated, which may be located at a location away from the V / inde, e.g. on the bridge of the ship.

Embodiments of the invention are described in the drawings. It shows:

1 shows a fishing net winch according to the invention in a schematic G-rundiiß;

Fig. 2 the transmission for the drive of various . Drums in horizontal section,

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"Pig. 3 is a schematic side view of the housing with details of the gearbox,

Fig. 4 shows a partial vertical section through the Transmission,

Pig. 5 a drive motor for driving the drum part with a device for determining the line tension,

6 shows a side view of FIG.

7 shows another embodiment of a drive motor with a device accordingly Fig. 5 and 6,

Fig. 8 is a side view of Fig. 7ι

9 shows another embodiment of the grouping of drums on a fishing net winch according to FIG of the invention in the schematic basis,

Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment in a representation corresponding to Fig. 9-,

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11 shows a third embodiment of the invention Fishnet winch in a representation corresponding to Figs. 9 and 10}

12 shows a further embodiment of the transmission for driving the various drums a fishing net winch according to the invention, partly in section.

In Fig. 1 ibt a winch side of a fishing net winch according to of the invention shown in outline. It is used to handle a rope (end of the rope) of a fishing net. A correspondingly designed winch side is provided for the other rope.

The fishnet winch according to FIG. 1 shows in plan a Friktionstrcüinelteil with housing 10, which on the one Side with two friction tubes arranged one behind the other 11 and 12 is provided. On the opposite side there are also two on known and customary auxiliary currents 13 and 14 are provided. The illustrated end of the rope 15 leading to the fishing net runs onto the first Frii-tion drum 11 and wraps around the friction drum 11 and 12 several times part of their lateral surfaces,

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BATH ORIGINAL

The rope 15 is on the friction drums 11 and 12 out in 'rope grooves 16. The rope grooves 16 of the one Friction drums 11 are opposite to rope grooves 16 the other friction drum 12 laterally offset, in order to enable the rope 15 to be looped in a helical manner.

The rope 15 running onto the first friction drum 11 is specially guided in the run-up area by a Pressure roller 56 which rests on top of the drum shell of the friction drum 11. The pressure roller is also provided with two rope grooves which overlap with the first two rope grooves of the friction drum 11, so that the rope 15 is guided above and below in this area. The pressure roller 56 is on one Swivel arm 57 is mounted and rests on the friction drum 11 under the effect of its own weight.

This measure ensures that the rope is auon do not run off the friction drum 11 in the event of a low tensile force or in the case of rope slack, namely from the rope grooves16 can jump out.

The rope 15 runs from the second friction drum 12 to one possibly at a distance from the friction drums

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AO

11 and 12 mounted and separately driven Storage drum 22. The cable 15 is wound onto this storage drum 22. The storage drum 22 is driven by a motor (not shown) with constant torque, such that in the Cable section between the storage drum 22 and the facing friction drum 12 has a line tensile force is generated, which corresponds to the predetermined constant torque on the storage drum 22 different diameter of the winding layers on this is variable.

A conventional capstan head 17 is also mounted on the housing 10.

The drive of the friction drums 11 and 12 as well as

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the auxiliary drums 13, 14 and the capstan head 17 are carried out by a motor (not shown in Fig. to 4) via a drive shaft 18, which has a heat 19 acts on a ring gear 20, which in turn is mounted on a countershaft intermediate shaft 21 in the housing 10. Through the intermediate shaft 21 is the drive on the two friction drums and 12 as well as on the auxiliary drums 13 and 14 and subsequently also transferred to the spill lip 17.

For this purpose, the two friction drums 12 and 12 are mounted on friction drum shafts 23 and 24, which in turn are mounted in the wall 25 of the housing 10. Coaxial with the friction drum shafts 23 and 24 are auxiliary flow shafts 26 in the housing and 27 stored. The friction drum shafts 23 and 24 on the one hand and the auxiliary drum shafts 26 and 27 on the other hand are not connected to each other and can be driven individually.

On the ends of the friction drum lying in the housing 10 Spur gears 28 and 29 are mounted on 23 and 24, respectively. These are shared by one Pinion 30 driven in the same direction, which is mounted on the intermediate countershaft 21 so that it can rotate freely. That Pinion 30 can be driven by a gear coupling 31

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BATH ORIGINAL

be moderately connected to the intermediate intermediate shaft 21, so that with the appropriate position of the toothed clutch 31 the drive from the ring gear 20 via the intermediate intermediate shaft 21, the pinion 30, the spur gears 28 and 29 as well as the friction current shafts 23 and 24 transferred to both friction drums 11 and 12 at the same time will.

On the auxiliary drum shafts 26 and 27 are also Spur gears 32 and 33 supported. These are driven by a common pinion 34 that is fixed to the Countershaft 21 is connected. The spur gears 32 and 33 are rotatable on the auxiliary drum shafts 26 and 27, but can be driven with the auxiliary drum shafts 26 by means of toothed clutches 35 and 36 and 27 are connected so that the drive can be transmitted to the auxiliary drums 13 and 14.

A special feature of the transmission according to the invention is that the drive is applied to both at the same time Irriktionsstrorameln 11 and 12 is transmitted and not, as usual, first on one drum and from this to the next. On the other hand, the auxiliary drums 13 and 14 are driven jointly or individually by the auxiliary drums 13 and 14 assigned to these Tooth clutches 35 and 36.

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BAD ORiG = NAL

4%

-Mf-

To stop the individual drums when they are disconnected or when the drive is switched off, the friction drum 12 is provided with a band brake 38. The auxiliary drums 13 and 14 are each provided with a brake 39 and 40. Furthermore, between the housing 10 remote ends of the friction drum shafts 23 and 24, a spacer bearing 41 is arranged, which provides a precise distance between the friction drums 11 and 12 guaranteed despite the heavy use.

The invention enables, for the first time, an exact length measurement of the unplugged or retracted rope 15 possible depending on the number of revolutions of the friction drums 11 and 12. TJm this length measurement in in practice is to be carried out on one of the friction drum shafts, E.g. a tachometer 42 of suitable design is installed on the friction drum shaft 23, the .the revolutions of the friction drum 12 counts and provides a corresponding display of the rope length at a remote location, e.g. on the ship's bridge.

The capstan head 17 is mounted on a special capstan head shaft 43 above the intermediate intermediate shaft 21. The drive 'is, for example, from the auxiliary

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«Η

Transfer the drum shaft 26 through a gear 44 to a further gear 45 on the capstan head shaft 43. Daa
Gear 44 is connected to spur gear 33. The correspondingly long capstan head shaft 43 is supported outside the housing 10 on the spacer bearing 41 and thereby receives an additional security.

Furthermore, the invention enables for the first time an exact measurement of the cable tensile force occurring in each case
the rope section from the friction drum 11 to
Fishnet. This is done according to the invention with
Help of the motor for the drive shaft 18. In FIGS. To 8 different embodiments of this proposal are shown, only the motor being shown in each case for the sake of simplicity.

In Fig. 5 and 6, a conventional flange motor 37 is shown, the flange 46 is mounted on a Kugeldrehkrn ^ z 47 on a bearing plate 48, which with a
Motor base plate 49 is firmly connected. The opposite end of the motor is mounted on the rear, removable end shield 50.

s The drive of the flange motor 37 causes the motor

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Housing generates a reaction force that would strive to rotate the flange motor 37. This will happen prevented in the invention by an adjustable armature such as a hydraulic cylinder 51. the Reaction force of the flange motor 37 is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder 51, which in turn a corresponding display is generated in a display device, e.g. a hydraulic pressure gauge. This manometer can for example be arranged on the bridge of the ship and with a 6-scale graduation adapted to the pulling force be provided.

7 and 8 is a modification of this inventive concept shown in an Aißmotor 52, this Foot motor 52 is arranged in a swing 53, which by means of a slewing ring 47 on the front end shield 48 of the motor base plate 49 is mounted. At the opposite end is the swing 53 with a Support bearing 55 cut into the rear end shield 50. In this embodiment, the rotational movements generated by the reaction force of the motor are also generated of the swing 53, e.g. by the hydraulics Cylinder 51 'which displays the determined reaction forces in the manner described brings.

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-ff

This is the first time an accurate, constant measurement of the Cable pulling force possible. This measurement of the tensile force can also be used for other types of drive carried out, e.g. with hydraulic drives, in this case the pressure des.Hydrauliköle immediately can be measured and gives a display for the cable tension.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a preferred embodiment of the design of the transmission and the arrangement of the various drums shown. The drums can also be arranged in other ways, wherein however, according to the idea of the invention, always provided is that the friction drums are driven directly in parallel by a corresponding between Pinions (e.g. 30) arranged on spur gears (e.g. 28, 29). Furthermore, the two winch sides, of which in Mg. 1 only one side is shown, can be combined to form a structure, the common Gearbox in a housing and on both sides of this housing the friction drums and the additional drums are arranged. Furthermore, both sides of the net winch can be driven by a common motor or driven by separate motors

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Different possible embodiments with regard to the arrangement of the drums in a fishing net winch according to the invention are shown schematically in plan ^{in S 1} Ig _{0 9 to 11.}

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, a particularly simple, compact construction of the fishing net winch is achieved, since here both sides of the winch are combined into one structure. The drive takes place via a common gear 60 for both winch sides. This gear is designed such that, as in the embodiment of I ¹ Ig. 1 to 4, the two Frikti ons drums 11 and 12 or, 11 k _{f /} 12 a of a v / ind side are in turn driven together. The friction drum shafts of the friction drums 12 and 12 a are elongated and accommodate the usual auxiliary drums 13 »14 or 13 a, 14 a and the capstan heads 17 and 17 a. Because of the length of the shafts common to these drums, bearing blocks 61 a, 61 b are arranged between the auxiliary currents 14 and 14 a on the one hand and the capstan heads 17 and 17 a on the other hand. -. '

In Fig. 10 an embodiment is shown which, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 »of two separate winch sides emanates. Every winch

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te is assigned a separate drive motor 62 and 63, respectively. The drive motors 63, 62 transmit the Drive via a bevel gear 64 or 65 on the respective winch side, the drive shaft 66 directly to the countershaft wiper shaft 21 (Mg. 1._ ,,., to 4) can be connected. The two drive motors 62 and 63 and the associated bevel gears 64 and 65 can be in a common deckhouse 67 be arranged, namely in the area between the two Winden_seiten, so that it cannot be used per se Space is used. Between the facing ends of the drive shafts 66 is a clutch 68 is arranged so that if a drive motor 63 or 62 fails, the drive for both winch sides can be done via a motor.

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 is also particularly advantageous. 11. Here, priktion drums 11 and 12 or 11a and 12a are arranged on both sides of the housing 10, which are driven by a common drive motor. The other drums are mounted on the front face of the housing 10 on a separate shaft. The shaft is held by several support bearings 70, 71 and 72. The drive takes place from the housing 10. The support bearing 71 is designed as a housing cap and serves to accommodate * a spur gear, which is mounted on the common shaft and can be driven from the gearbox. In side view are the individual

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Drums arranged so that the front friction drum 11 or 11a is higher than the rear friction drums 12 or 12a \ jmd also higher than the various drums in front of the front of the housing 10. The rope leading to the fishing net can thus over these front auxiliary drums run away.

In Fig. 12 a part of another embodiment of a transmission is shown in section. In this embodiment there is a simplification compared to the transmission of FIG. 2 to 4 »as a hydraulic motor 73 'is arranged in the housing 10 instead of the intermediate intermediate shaft 21. This hydraulic motor, which is supplied via pressure medium lines 74 and 75, takes the place of the intermediate intermediate shaft 21. On the hydraulic motor 73 in the area of the spur gears 28 and 29, a pinion 30a is freely rotatable, which can be coupled to the hydraulic motor via a toothed coupling 31. The arranged on the opposite side of the hydraulic motor 73 pinion 34 a is on the other hand fixed on the hydraulic motor on _o e.

The embodiment of FIG. 12 has the advantage of

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even simpler, more compact design. The respective existing cable tensile force can also be used in this embodiment can be determined as a function of the driving force, namely by setting the Oil pressure in the hydraulic motor 73.

The invention proposes a fishing net winch for the first time, which compared to previous constructions has a simpler and therefore cheaper structure, but on the other hand enables higher rope tensile forces. The rope is treated more gently than previously possible · Furthermore, an exact length measurement and the It is possible to determine the actually occurring rope pulling forces.

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Claims (20)

Expectations 1. Fishnet winch for unplugging and retrieving the two Ropes of a fishing net, each rope being assigned a winch side with a driven main rope drum is characterized by two common on each winch side driven by the rope (15) several times wrapped around a part of the drum shell friction drums (11, 12), which one with constant, relatively low torque driven storage drum (22) for the rope (15) is arranged downstream. (Figures 1 to 12). 2, fishing net winch according to claim 1, characterized in that that the friction drums (11, 12) through at the same time a common pinion (30, 30a) can be driven, which generates the driving force on each friction drum (11, 11a, 12, 12a) associated spur gears (28, 29) in the same direction transmits (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 9 to 12). 3.-fishing net winch according to claim 2, characterized in that the pinion (30) can be engaged and disengaged on one Countershaft intermediate shaft (21) is mounted, which can be driven by a drive motor (37, 52, 62, 63, 69). • (Fig. 1 to 11). 909035/0159 the 4. fishing net winch according to one or more / claims 1 to 3, characterized in that d - dß the intermediate intermediate shaft (21) also for the drive of preferably coaxially arranged to the friction drums (11, 12) Auxiliary power supply (13, 13 a, 14, 14 a) is used. (Figs. 1 to 4 and 9 and 10). 5. fishing net winch in particular according to claim 4 and possibly according to one or more of the further claims, characterized in that the auxiliary currents (13, 13 a, 14, 14a) can each be driven individually, each auxiliary drum being assigned clutches that are individually or jointly with the drive by the "Countershaft intermediate shaft (21) can be coupled. (Fig. 1 to 4, 9 and 10). 6. fishing net winch according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a capstan head (17) on a separate capstan head shaft (43) above the friction drums (11, 11 a, 12, 12 a) and - in plan seen - is arranged between these. (Figures 1 to 4, 10 and 12). 909885/0159 7. fishing net winch according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the friction drums (11, 11a, 12a, 12) is preferably a speed counter (42) is arranged on a friction drum shaft (23, 24). (Figures 2, 3). 8. fishing net winch according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 »characterized in that each on the friction drums (11, 11a, 12, 'i2a) or the auxiliary drums (13, 13 a, 14, 14 a) transmitted driving force detectable and in a display for each existing cable pulling force is convertible .. 9 · Fishnet winch according to claim 8, characterized in that that the drive motor (flange motor 37, foot motor 52) is movably mounted against the resilient load an armature, in particular a hydraulic cylinder (51), whose adjusting movements as an indicator for the Serve cable pull. (* 'ig, 5 to 8). 10. fishing net winch according to claim 8 and 9 »characterized in that that with a flange motor (37) the flange (46) is rotatable, in particular by means of a slewing ring (47) on a bearing plate (48) of a motor base plate (49) 909885/0159 ■ BATHROOM and the housing is supported on one side by an armature, in particular a hydraulic cylinder (51) is. (Figures 5 and 6). 11. fishing net winch according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that a foot motor (52) on a swing (53) is mounted, which in turn is pivotably suspended from a bearing plate (48) of a motor base plate (49) and which is supported by an adjustable armature, in particular a hydraulic cylinder (51). 12. Fisehnetzwinue according to claim 1 and optionally after one or several of the further claims, characterized in that the drive of the friction drums (11, 11a, 12, 12 a) and the auxiliary power supply (13, 13 a, 14, 14 a) and the capstan heads (17, 17a) by a Xax hydraulic motor (73), in particular a rotary motor, takes place, which is preferably arranged instead of the intermediate intermediate shaft (21) and takes over its functions. (Fig. 12) .. 13. Fishnet winch especially after one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that two winch sides each for receiving a rope end (Rope 15) with regard to the drive 909885/0159 - are bound. (Figures 9 to 11). 14. Fishnet winch according to claim 13 and optionally according to one or more of the further claims, characterized in that a gear (60) for driving both winch sides is arranged in a common housing, wherein the friction currents (11, 11 a, 12, 12 a) as well as the auxiliary power supply units (13, 13a, 14, 14 a) and the capstan heads (17, 17 a) of both winch sides are arranged on both longitudinal sides of the housing. (^ ¹ Xg. 9) β 15. fishing net winch according to claim 14 »characterized in that the auxiliary power supply (13, 13a, 14, 14 a) a correspondingly lengthened friction drum shaft, which is preferably the storage drum. (22) facing Friction drums (12, 12 a) are mounted, where appropriate Bearing blocks (61 a, 61 b) support the shaft « 16. fishing net winch according to claim 13 and optionally one or several of the claims, characterized in that the two winch sides are each driven by separate drive motors ■ gates (, 62, 63) can be driven individually via also separate bevel gears (64, 65) and that the drive motors (62, 63) and the bevel gears (64, 65) in a common deckhouse (67) between 9-09886 / 01 5'9 see the "two winch sides arranged and through one Coupling (68) kuppel / bar are, being of the bevel gears (64, 65) drive shafts (66) leading to the winch sides are arranged coaxially with the intermediate intermediate shaft (21) and are connected to it. (Fig. 10). 17 »Fishnet winch according to claim 13 and, if necessary, according to one or several of the further claims, characterized in that a common winch is used for both sides of the winch Housing (10) provided with a common gear and preferably a common drive motor (69) is, wherein the friction drums (11, 11a, 12, 12a) are mounted and on the two longitudinal sides of the housing (10) the auxiliary drums (13, 13a, 14, 14a) and capstan heads (17 »17a) on a separate shaft in front of the front end of the housing (10) facing the fish net are. 18. fishing net winch according to claim 17 »characterized in that that the front, the fishnet facing Friction Tremmeln (11, 11a) in height above the Auxiliary drums (13, 13a, 14, 14a) on the housing (10) -> are arranged in such a way that dap rope (15) over the front 903686/0169 lying auxiliary drums (13, 13a, 14, 14a) can be moved away is. 19. fishing net winch according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the friction drum shafts (23, 24) by a spacer bearing arranged between the ends of these friction drum shafts (23, 24) (41) supported against each other, on which the capstan head shaft (43) is preferably supported. 20. fishing net winch according to claim 1 and optionally one or more of the further claims, characterized in that the frik- ' tion drum (11) on top of the drum shell this adjacent pressure roller (56) is assigned, which is provided with rope grooves (16) and which the or the running rope (15) in the area of the first rope grooves (16) presses against the Priktion drum (11). . ** Fishnet winch according to claim 20, characterized in that that the pressure roller is mounted on a swivel arm (57) is and under its own weight on the drum shell cp ° the friction drum (11) is in contact.
co oo For the applicant: ^ Bremen, December 14, 1967 cn applicant: ^{!: l 0} ^ Industrial and commercial center '"■ ". '* Waleker & Co. KG. _t . / ''' Loxstedt / Bremerhaven as. Blank page