DE1553186A1 - pump - Google Patents

Description

SOCISTE GENERALE DE MEGAUIQÜE ET DE METALLURGIE

Priority: France, 28 December 1962

The invention relates to 4fft * pumps, i.e. apparatus for sucking in, conveying or compressing a gaseous or liquid fluid, with the following structure:

The pump has a body with a

inner cylinder surface, both axial ends of which with a suction port or a delivery opening for the fluid are connected. A shaft with a helical center line is located within the body. The shaft has a length which is at least equal to a pitch of the screw, and its cross-section is constant along its entire length and

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has the same Sesamtbreite 1, in all sightings · ^T he two ends of the shaft are connected to lying in the axis of the screw pivot · Ss is a certain number of equal transverse plates provided which rigid in its central area windows with two parallel to each other and have edges perpendicular to a direction D, the spacing of which is equal to 1 . These plates are pushed onto the shaft in such a way that they form a coherent stack.A tubular, flexible and tight membrane envelops the stack of plates and forms a deformable part with it, which is inserted into the body with a sliding fit and whose center line is twisted but flat, Each cross-section of this rope differs from the inner cross-section of the portion of the body surrounding it only by a rectangle, two sides of which are parallel to the direction D and have a length £, while the other two sides equal the largest dimension of the cross-sections perpendicular to D are. Means are also provided to set the shaft in rotation, whereby each plate is given a rectilinear reciprocating motion with an amplitude parallel to D, at the same time creating closed cavities between the outer surface of the membrane and the inner surface of the body which progress in the longitudinal direction from one end to the other of the body.

CO and take the fluid with you ο

^{According to the} invention, these plates receive a

^ circular outer uariss, and each of them is ex- ο half of its middle range with at least one in the range - "** device D provided running through elongated hole through which it with play in direction D but without play in the direction perpendicular to D, a straight guide rod occurs which

rather attached to the body and parallel to the surface lines of the same.

The guide rods are intended to support the rotation of the

Prevent the plates from rotating around the helical yelle, otherwise the plates are circular because of their circular shape and the friction of the shaft on its central windows, blocking the pump

The presence of these bars thus makes it possible to use circular plates. This shape offers great advantages in terms of facilitating the manufacture of these plates and, in particular, of the membrane surrounding them, which can thus be formed by a simple tubular part which forms a body of revolution around its axis. There is also the force which the plates around themselves seeks to rotate, is taken up by these rods, the membrane does not work on torsion, which constitutes a significant advantage in terms of the service life of the same. Furthermore, it is due to the avoidance of the diaphragm working on torsion as well the fact that the diaphragm forms a body of revolution, It is easily possible to form the membrane by two superposed sheaths, of which the outer sheath retains the fluid to be pumped, while the inner sheath against the Lubricant of the bearings and the plates is insensitive.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

1, 2 and 3 show a pump according to the invention in a longitudinal section along the line X-I in FIG. 2 and in FIG Longitudinal section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 or in cross section

along the line III-III in FIG. 1.

Pig 4 shows in the same roof position as Fig 3 the same pump for a different angular position of its drive element

Pig, 5 and 6 show the Pig in a longitudinal section along the line VY. 6 or in cross section along the line VI-TI of Pig »5, a preferred embodiment of such a pump.

Pig. 7 shows the cross section of a special shaft which can be used for the pumps according to the invention.

It is already known that the flow medium to be pumped can be entrained as follows:

There are closed cavities between a

rigid cylindrical inner surface of a hollow pump body and the corrugated outer surface of one arranged in this body deformable part is created with a sinuous planar center line, and these cavities will have a longitudinal movement issued to move from one axial end of the assembly to the other.

To create these cavities, the two surfaces are chosen so that on the one hand they are the length of the apex the corrugations of the corrugated surface and, on the other hand, over the entire length of at least one sinuous plane line in each of the two parallel to this center line, to the two surfaces tangential planes are tangential to each other

in order to impart movement to these cavities, the working portion of the deformable part is formed so as to that any cross-section or transverse section without

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Terformumg rectilinear back and forth going parallel to the calibration itself Sliding movements in a sighting D can perform independently τοη the Hachbarabschnitte, this sliding movement be guided by two flat opposite contact surfaces of the rigid surface of the body, forming a slideway and each cross-section or transverse section is designed so that, at the end of its stroke, it is against the corresponding ground the solid surface one of its two circumferential sections presses, which adjoin one another along these flat contact surfaces, this sliding movement of each cross-section or transverse portion in the transverse direction is produced so that each of them is somewhat in the transverse direction is offset from its neighbors, and that the stack formed by these cross-sections is a corrugated or tortuous one Has surface.

For this purpose, there is a window with two in each cross-section or transverse section of the deformable part (in the direction D) opposing rigid contact surfaces formed, and through these various windows is a shaft with a helical or practically helical Center line inserted, which is designed so that each cross section of the same is constantly tangential to the two rigid contact surfaces of the corresponding window remains, and this shaft is set in rotation.

It has already been proposed to make the twisted deformable part by means of a stack of plates, which is enveloped by a resilient, dense membrane, but to prevent twisting of these plates as a result of the Prevent rotation of the central helical shaft,

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what would block the shaft was this Plates, and thus the inner surface of the cylindrical body, given a rectangular outline in the transverse direction · This resulted in serious manufacturing difficulties and the application of the membrane as well as with regard to the service life the same, since this had to work constantly on torsion in order to exert the torsional stresses acting on the plates on the body transferred to·

According to the invention, these disadvantages are thereby eliminated avoided that the plates are given a circular shape, and that their torsional stresses from being stuck to the body connected long bars are included.

Below are examples of several designs of genasa pumps designed according to this principle described

In Pig. 1 to 4- illustrated embodiment the rigid pump body has a hollow cylinder, the inner cross-section of which consists of two semicircles (? ig · 3) with the diameter a, which are connected to one another by two straight line sections which lead to a direction D are parallel and have a length £. This cylinder 1 is on its ends connected to two chambers 2 and 3, in which connections 4 and 5 for the suction line and the delivery line flow out.

The deformable part with corrugated surface is made up of a stack of circular plates or thin perforated disks 6 (e.g. with a thickness of 1 mm) are formed, which are covered with a resilient, tight cover 7 whose outside diameter is equal to a.

9 0 9 8/42/0170 '\

In each plate 6 a rectangular window 8, the narrow sides of which are parallel to D »and two elongated holes 9 are cut out, which are parallel to D and in relation to the window 8 are arranged symmetrically to one another.

A shaft 10 passes through the window 8,

the cross section of which is a circle whose diameter is equal to the length 1 of the narrow sides of the window 8. The center line of this wave, or more precisely the working one or middle section thereof, is a helix with diameter c and pitch j>. The length of this working section is at least equal to p_. The ends of this screw section go steadily into the axis of the same, which allows on the one hand the plates 6 at the end of the To keep rotation of the shaft 10 immobile, and on the other hand

to connect without interruption this shaft with pivot pins 11, which lie on the axis of the screw and in bearings 12 of the Body are stored, in particular with the help of roller bearings 13. The casing 7 can then be connected without folding to outer cylindrical bearing surfaces rigidly connected to the bearings 12 and tightly attached to them, e.g. with the help of ring-shaped links.

Cylindrical ones pass through the elongated holes 9

Rod 15, the cross-section of which is a circle, the diameter of which is equal to the width of the elongated holes. These bars 15 are on their two ends attached to the body and result in the Rotation of the shaft 10 the transverse sliding movements of the Plates 6, at the same time preventing their rotation.

The deformable part 6, ¹ J has on the outside at all times the shape of a serpentine line, its winding plane

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Center line has an amplitude of c / 2. This part remains along its entire length to the two inner flat surfaces of the Cylinder 1 tangential, which are parallel to the plane of this center line (in Fig. 1 and 3 lying horizontally, denoted by 17) Surfaces), and the crests 19 of their corrugations are tangent to the curved surfaces of the cylinder 1 (Fig. and 4). This creates closed cavities 18 with the volume 1/2 acp generated between the deformable part and the cylinder

It is sufficient to set the shaft 10 e.g. by hand or

by means of a motor to rotate each of these cavities from the upstream end to the downstream end to let the lying end of the arrangement advance. Each plate behaves like one with this rotation a frame provided eccentric and leads a (in the example shown horizontal) straight back and forth going Movement parallel to D with the amplitude £.

Figures 3 and 4 show those from the same plate 6 for two positions of the shaft 10 which are offset by 90 ° from one another.

It should be noted that since the length of the

active portion of the assembly is at least equal to a Ga ¹¹ S height of the screw, each cavity 18 is separated from the upstream chamber 2 before it is placed in communication with the downstream chamber 3. This achieves a complete seal between these two chambers, making seals unnecessary.

Furthermore, as a result of the tight connection

between the shell 7 and the bearing surfaces 16 of the flow

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circuit of the pumped flow medium is completely isolated from the interior of the envelope to reduce the plates 6 as a result of their mutual sliding movements »to lubricate the roller bearings 13, etc. For this purpose the channel 39 of the Pig. 1 provided.

The pump works with any direction of rotation of the shaft 10. If the direction of rotation of the shaft is reversed is, the direction of movement of the cavities and thus the direction of circulation of the pumped flow medium is also reversed.

The sections of the plates 6 worn most severely by the friction are expediently covered by supports or Reinforced particularly resistant parts. Reinforcements 20 are provided on the long sides of the windows 8 for this purpose put on (Pig. 3 and 4). Either of these reinforcements can be either placed on each plate individually or formed by a flexible lamella or shell, which extends over the whole plate stack extends and is arranged between the pen stern and the shaft.

The preferred one in Pig. 5 and 6, the above parts 1 to 13 can be found as well the guide rods 15 and the cavities 18 again, with the following features also being present »

To reduce the wear and tear between the

Guide rods 15 and the edges of the elongated holes 9, along which they slide, the contact surfaces are enlarged in that the rods are provided with two flat sliding surfaces 1S _{1 parallel to the direction D.}

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curved Piachen are connected, or two sides of a rolled profile piece with a rectangular or square Cross-section·

To reduce the friction of the plates

among each other and on the shaft 10 penetrating them and the rods 15, these are made of one material) which has an excellent coefficient of friction, especially a cotton-reinforced phenolic resin with an addition of colloidal graphite of the type known under the name CSLORON «

To further reduce the friction of the

Plates each other these are expedient with numerous holes 41 provided, which also has the advantage of improving the lubrication of the plates and reducing the weight of the Overall arrangement offers

To improve the lubrication of the plates

the oil 42 intended for this purpose is expediently cooled, which a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C can easily be reached by let it circulate e.g. in a closed flow circuit in an outer circuit 43, which is expediently with Cooling fins 44 are provided and, of course, are tightly isolated from the circuit of the pumped fluid.

To facilitate the application of the membrane 7 to the plate stack 6, the membrane is like an in the Porm produced elastic sack formed, which consists of a central tubular part forming a body of revolution and two end parts forming frustoconical bodies of revolution exists, one of which converges towards the end,

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while the other diverges towards the end.

The original diameter of the tubular section is smaller than that of the plates 6 to be wrapped, so that the application of the sack tensions it elastically, eliminating any risk of play between the sack and the panels is prevented.

This application of the sack takes place as follows.

First, the rods 15 and the shaft 10 are inserted into one of the bearings 12 (with the roller bearings 13), whereupon the plates 6 are stacked on these penetrating parts, whereupon the other bearing 12 (with the roller bearing 13) is placed on top of the stack will. The arrangement thus formed is then introduced into the sack 7 through its widened opening, as a result of which the back is widened according to its filling. At the end of this doorway, the two frustoconical end sections of the sack lie elastically against a complementary frustoconical bearing surface of the bearing 12 they surround Tighten the outer bolts 45 »which are attached to the two axial ends of ^the pump body. Of these lips, the lip 7 _{1 is directed} towards the outside of the widened end so as not to hinder the introduction of the stack of panels and to facilitate the lifting of the sack from the mold, while the other lip 7 1 is directed towards the inside of the tapered end, so that they put the introduced arrangement in the sack stop and also facilitate the shaping of the sack.

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In an advantageous embodiment of this body, each chamber 2 and 3 is molded onto the corresponding connection piece 4 or 5 and forms an independent part, which is tightened axially on the hollow cylinder 1 by means of the bolts 45 with the interposition of toric seals 46

For the sake of illustration, some figures are given below for an exemplary embodiment of vegetable pig. 5 and 6, which gave satisfactory results:

- Membrane II bead 4 mm, made of two superimposed layers, of which the inner relatively thick one consists of an elastomer that is insensitive to the lubricating oils used, while the other outer layer is thin to the pumped one

from liquid is insensitive and z «B« / dem under the designation HYPALON known chlorosulfonated polyethylene (this Substance is known as YITON Copolymer of fluorovinylidene and hexafluoropropylene, through Polytrifluoromonochlorathylen or be replaced by polytetrafluoroethylene, which is used in the low Thickness is sufficiently elastic)}

- Inner diameter of the tubular section of the membrane 7 * 62 mm before application and 75 mm after the same!

- Panels 6: consist of the reinforced phenolic resin known under the name CELOHON with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 75 mm;

- number of plates: 250;

- Shaft 10: made of nitrided steel with a

Diameter of 30 mm and a usable length of 250 nm (of which only 200 mm corresponds to a real screw, while the rest corresponds to the sections for connection to the axis of rotation);

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- pitch of the screw: 100 mm, its diameter: 6 mm;

- speed: 900 rpm;

- theoretical delivery rate: 2700 l / h;

- practical delivery rate at a delivery pressure of zero: 2500 l / h.

- practical delivery rate at the delivery pressure: 2300 lA

Use a head 10 with the same diameter as above, which, however, corresponds to a screw with a diameter of 8 mm and a pitch of 200 mm, one became one theoretical delivery rate of 7200 l / h obtained

The invention can of course be modified · For example, the cross section of the helical shaft »which is constant over the entire length of this shaft and has the same overall width 1 in all directions, does not need to be circular» but can, for example, take the form of the eccentric cam of the Have construction type Tre * zel, which is shown at 47 in Fig. 7, and whose profile can easily be constructed with the help of circular arcs starting from an equilateral triangle ABO, one corner of which lies on the axis of rotation.

The number of pitches of the active part of the shaft can be greater than 1 or 2, in which case each pitch forms a pumping stage.

If the fluid to be pumped is compressible, the pitch of the screw along the shaft can be varied be.

The cylindrical inner surface of the pump body need not form part of the same, but can

9 0 9 8 A 2/0 1 7 nights

Realized by a feed inserted into this body will"

This * surface does not need to be hard »

but can be semi-rigid, for which they are e.g. made of hard rubber exists, whereby the sealing of the cavities formed is rerbessert.

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Claims (5)

C 1 · λ) Apparatus for sucking in, conveying or mixing a gaseous or liquid fluid with a body with an inner cylindrical surface, the two axial ends of which are connected to a suction opening or a delivery opening for the fluid, a shaft arranged inside the body a helical center line, whose length at least gleioh a pitch of the screw, and whose cross section is the whole of its length constant long and the same total width 1 in all directions, said both ^B ends of the shaft are connected to in-Aohse the screw pivot , a certain number of identical transverse plates, which in their central area have windows with two rigid edges parallel to one another and perpendicular to a direction D, the distance between which is equal to 1, these plates being pushed onto the shaft in such a way that they rest against one another , a tubular, resilient and tight membrane, w which envelops the stack of plates and forms a deformable part with it, which is inserted with a sliding fit into the body, and whose center line is twisted but flat, each cross-section of this part differing from the inner cross-section of the portion of the body surrounding it only by a rectangle , of which two sides are parallel to the direction D and have a length £, while the other two sides are equal to the largest dimension of the cross-sections perpendicular to S, means which set the shaft in rotation, making each plate a rectilinear one reciprocating motion with an amplitude c parallel to 9 098A2 / 017Ü D is issued, while at the same time between the outer surface Closed cavities are created between the membrane and the inner surface of the body, extending in the longitudinal direction from one end advance to the other of the body and thereby take the fluid with it, characterized in that each plate (6) has a circular outer outline and is outside of yours middle area is provided with at least one extending in the direction D through elongated hole (9) through which with play in the direction D but without play in the direction perpendicular to D a straight guide rod (15) occurs, softer is attached to the body (1) and is parallel to the surface lines of the same 2.) An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized labeled in ⁶ x is characterized in that the guide rod (15) has two parallel to the sighting D flats (1S ₁₎ to which the parallel to the direction D edges of the long holes (9) slide · 3 ·) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the tubular membrane (7) consists of consists of several superimposed layers, wherein the layer coming into contact with the fluid consists of one against this insensitive material, 4 ·) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the plates (6) are made of a material with an excellent coefficient of friction, in particular made of a cotton-reinforced phenolic resin with a Addition of colloidal graphite. 5.) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the plates (6) have a certain number of holes (41). 9 0 9 8 / / / ί i Ί 7 u "■ ': ■■ ■ - ■■' 6 ·) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized characterized in that the membrane has the shape of a tensioned elastic bag made in the mold, of which one end (7th ..) widens slightly while the other End (7a) slightly tapered 7 ·) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the plates (6) are lubricated by an oil bath which circulates in a closed flow circuit in a circuit provided with cooling fins (44) * 8 ·) Apparatus according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the center line of the shaft (10) is a Variable pitch screw is 809842/0170