DE1539830A1 - Safety relay - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a safety relay for use in safety circuits, as in particular in Railways are used »

In the railway industry, safety circuits can be divided into two completely different types of techniques in fact!

- the technology with "uncontrolled" safety relays, and «The technology with" controlled "safety relays ·

In both technologies, the relay has the same task: to change the state of the excitation circuit of the Kelais to transfer one or several other circuits into the

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the contacts of these relays are switched on.

However, the two techniques are based on completely different principles »

With the technology of the "uncontrolled" Heiais Any error in the operation of the relay has a dangerous effect on the operation of the safety circuit off in which this hotline is switched on; it must namely, meet all safety requirements, because no other relays or special measures are in place are «Polically, the relays used in this technology must meet the strictest operational requirements and the production price for such a helicopter is therefore very high »

On the other hand, the circuit in which such a Relay is switched on »be relatively simple and the number of times necessary for the operation of a given installation necessary heli is relatively small »

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In the technology of "controlled" relays, Eelais are used which are each combined with a 6 control circuit which flows through one of its contact pairs and checks its position at any point in time. In principle, in a system that works according to this technology, each individual process step is electrically controlled in order to ensure * whether this stage has run properly before the next one begins.

This technique has the advantage that a simple and cheap safety relay is used «, On the other hand MUST be the number of relays required for a given installation with the same purpose as above in connection with the technology the "uncontrolled" relay described, is necessary to be much larger and the circuit diagram for a system with "controlled" relays is accordingly very complicated *

The aim of the invention is to manufacture a relay that combines the advantages of both techniques, their However, it does not have any disadvantages

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Relatively simple circuit can be switched on, compared to the "uncontrolled" relay with low Production costs can be produced and have a high safety coefficient and any failure of this relay must express itself in terms of security.

This relay is essentially characterized by the fact that it is a multiple relay consisting of the following parts: on the one hand, at least two identical elementary relays, each with a rigid armature, a coil and a movable armature actuating a set of contacts, each contact pair of the one relay with the corresponding Contact pair of the other relay is connected in series and on the other hand from interlocks _f which are assigned to the movable armatures and each time they occupy sound different positions are actuated by the two movable armatures and then prevent any renewed operation to maintain the interrupted state of the safety circuits «

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According to a further feature of the invention, the locks have two adjacent fingers, the each slidably introduced into one of the movable armatures and elastically movable in the direction of the other Anchors are pushed so that they are in slight form closure with the latter when the two movable armatures are in the same position and the other armature lock when the two anchors assume different positions

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description "On the drawing the invention is shown, for example, specifically indicate:

Fig. 1 is a perspective, partially torn away Overall view of an inventive safe «· heitarelaia;

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the in Verriet locking position located;

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FIG. 3 shows a view according to FIG. 2 _t , however, the

Locking in the unlocked position and the two movable armatures are in the same position «· in this case assume the working position» and

4 shows an elevation of the heater according to the invention, from which in particular the arrangement of the contacts can be seen «

In the embodiment shown, the relay has a base plate 1 _y on which an I / O iron 2 is applied; Both parts are made of non-magnetic materials ·

On the rigid support designed in this way, swei identical relays A, A ^{1 are} attached at a certain distance from each other, each comprising a magnetic circuit B _t B * and a set of contacts C _f C; the JMgam axes of these magnetic circuits run parallel to each other »

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153983Ü

Each magnetic circuit has a rigid armature with two angle irons 3 * 4 (3 ¹ , 4 ^f ) made of magnetic material, between which a magnetic core (not shown) bolted to angle iron 2 is fixed # Coils 5 »5 ^{1 are} wound around the cores »Whose outputs are labeled 6, 7 (6 ¹ , 7 ^1)»

A bracket 8 is rigidly attached to the hat 1; he has two pairs of arms 9 ^a , 9 (9 ' ^a »9 ^T )» which each support an axle 10, 10 ^f ; These axes serve as articulations for two movable armatures 11, 11 * made of magnetic material. Right-angled insulating plates 12, 12 ', which are provided with incisions 13 (FIGS. 1 and 4) are each secured by screws 14 at the free ends the movable armature 11, 11 ¹ attached © The incisions accommodate the contact elements, as will be explained below.

In Figures 2 and 3, the locks for the movable armature 11, 11 * are shown «

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Near each free end of the movable armatures 11 and 11 ^! are two coaxial transverse bores 15 * 16 (15 '»16') provided through a shoulder 1? (17 ') are connected to each other *

Cylindrical fingers 18, 18 'are inserted into these bores, each of which has two mutually coaxial sections 19 * 19 * 9 20, 20 ^{1 of} different diameters; this results in shoulders that work together with the shoulders 17 "IT * * The free ends of these fingers are rounded"

These fingers are freely displaceable in their respective bores and are ^{pressed by springs 21, 21 f} in the opposite direction to the inside of the relay, so that with the same position of the movable armature 11, 11% that is, when both are in the working position (FIG. 3) or both are in the rest position, the finger of one anchor rests against the vertical edge of the opposite anchor * and when the movable anchor is in a different position (Fig. 2) the fingers of the springs 21, ^{21f are} in opposite directions

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Direction to the interior of the Heiais pressed into their sin divisions which are bestiiuiat by the shoulders 17 »17 * are·

Consequently, in this latter position, no displacement of the movable armatures is possible, even if the coils of the heater are re-energized.

The feathers 21 $ 21 * lie on top of each, with sewinde provided closures 22, 22 'on »those in the bores 15, 15 'are screwed »

Each elementary relays A, A 'is provided with two stacks 23, 24 (23% 24 ^f), which consist of elastic strips 25 which - according to the vorbekaimten Relay Technology - m are separated by insulating wedges 26 · These stacks are on the disk 1 rigidly attached by means of screws or bolts 27 »The free ends of the strips 25 carry contact strips 28 on which the actual contacts 28 ^ are attached. The spring strips 25 and the

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Contact strips 28 are inserted into the respective incisions 13 of the plates 12, 12 ^f. The unit formed in this way represents the group of movable contacts »

The rigid contacts of this helix consist of horizontal rods 29 and 30 (Fig. 4) which are attached to each other are piled up and separated from one another by insulating wedges 31 fixed rigidly on the plate 1 by means of bolts 32 »The rods 29, the so-called" long rods ", work with the movable outer contacts of the relay together and rods 30, the so-called "short rods" with the movable inner contacts »

Due to this arrangement, a series connection of the contacts corresponding to ^{relays A and A 1 is achieved »}

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, the corresponding contacts of each relay A, A ^{1 are} each offset in height with respect to the corresponding contacts of the other heater. This will open or close the

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movable contacts of relay A ¹ their circuit, with the same movement of the movable armatures 11 and 11 ^f (and consequently the plates 12, 12 'carried by them), before the movable contacts of relay A have opened or closed this circuit *

Since corresponding contacts of the relays A and A ¹ are connected in series, the separation or closing of a circuit always takes place by one and the same contact unit, in this case by that of the relay AS

The forces exerted by the springs 21, 21 "on the fingers 19 * 1-9 ^1" are so small that the frictional forces occurring between the movable armatures 11, 11 * and the ends of the fingers permit the movement of a single armature "if for any reason the other anchors cannot work at the same time as the first ».

With the relay designed according to the invention thus the above goal can be achieved, namely "that everyone Failure of the relay acts in terms of safety, prevents this relay from being used again and in comparison

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it is safer than conventional Heiais »If that is the operational risk contrary to safety

each of the two elementary relays A and A is ¹ JJ,

in the case of the double relay according to the invention, it is 1

In addition, it is possible to fall out of order of such a device to be awaited before it is replaced, because any change in the safety-conflicting characteristics will result in a response expresses the device in terms of safety "

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described, but rather are numerous variations possible

So it is also possible to have multiple relays with more to be built as two elementary relays by combining any number £ of elementary relays in the manner described above, their operational risk in a sense that counteracts security for everyone

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single jj is; the corresponding Hisiko for the multiple device is only

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The mutual locking of the armature of two or more elementary relays of an inventive
"Self-controlled" multiple relays can also be of a different mechanical design than the one described above «

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Claims (1)

~ 14 - Patent claims: 1.) Safety relay, characterized by a combination of the following features; at least two identical elementary relays (A, A ^f ) each with a rigid armature (3 »4, 3 ^f » 4 ')> a coil (5 »5 ¹ ) and a movable armature (11, 11 ¹ )» one set of contacts (C, C) actuated, whereby each contact pair of one Heiais is connected in series with the corresponding contact pair of the other Eelais, and interlocks (16 to 22, 16 'to 22 ^! ), Which are assigned to the movable armatures and γοη different each time they are taken Positions are actuated by the two movable armatures and then any renewed operation to maintain the interrupted state of the safety circuits is prevented. 909850/1152 153983Ü 2 »safety relay according to claim 1 characterized gekennteichnet _t" that the latches ( ^"16 to 22, 16 to 22 ^r) consist of mechanical means · 3. Safety relay according to claim 2, characterized in that the locks have two mutually adjacent fingers (19, 19 ') which are each slidably ^{inserted into one of the movable armatures (11, 11 f} ), are pressed elastically to the other movable armature and stand in light hot contact with this when the two movable armatures are in the same position and lock them when the two armatures assume different positions. 4o safety relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact pairs (C) of one of the elementary relays (A) ^{are offset in height with respect to those (C 1} ) of the other elementary relay (A ¹ ) and that, with the same movement of the movable armature ( 11 * 11 ') the contacts' of one relay close or open their circuits, 909850/1 152 - 16 - before the contacts of the other relay complete the circuits closed or open « 5 · Safety relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils (5 # 5 ^f ) of the _{ca o} net circuits (B, B ¹ ) are connected in series or in parallel « 909850/1152