DE1532082C - Method for expanding tobacco stalks - Google Patents

Description

3 4

Uneven absorption of energy from the di- ... This object is achieved according to the invention as a result of the geelectric field, and it is achieved that the tobacco stalks are formed by means of a tobacco product from below. In order to overcome this, upwardly, vertically directed, fiuidized, it is necessary to apply an expensive moisture control of the suspension of the tobacco stem producing gas stream stems or ribs prior to their use in a -5 heated and thereby puffed, using the Tempes such method. Another possibility temperature of the gas stream from 200 to 370 ⁰ C, the Zeitkeit in such a method is based on the Tat duration of bloating, apart from the nature of thing that a burning of the product in parts of the tobacco stem, is largely dependent on the stem, which because of their strong compression speed and the temperature of the ascent, absorb more energy. The dielectric process of the gas flow, and that in the fluidized suspension, is very sensitive to such changes. The burned parts due to a now lower specific ge ^ become charred and brittle, and it was found that the weight of the stalks in the direction of the gas flow in the course of the later treatment of the above and crumble ribs in collecting devices, whereby another Impairment of the long and not yet expanded tobacco stalks in the processing of the product takes place. lower area of the gas flow remain.

U.S. Patent 2,656,841 discloses a method. The present invention provides an improvement Ren for the expansion of tobacco product films described, compared to the methods described above for Verwobei first represents a slurry of crushed valuation of tobacco stems and gives a tech- and / or flattened stems and leaves, a useful method for utilizing from which is treated in a ball mill. Tobacco leaves removed stalks by their Be-After is made from the ball milled action in such a way that it turns directly into a tobacco mass a film or a continuous slide of a product such as a cigarette or a cigar! ' placed. The moisture can be brought under from this film. The present invention Using hot air away. Finally, the 25 also enables the use of the entire tobacco foil performed under a gas flame attached to the sheet, which is directly conditioned and cut Foil surface abuts, whereby the foil can be used as a filling in cigarettes, cigars is bloated. and the like to serve.

In contrast, in the case of the method according to the invention, Method used tobacco stalks, which otherwise expanded or fell as stems removed from the tobacco leaf be thrown away, and puffed in fluidized slurry. This reduces their density. this sion is inflated with hot gases, which is instantaneously effected by applying a stream of hot air to the ribs Reversible tobacco articles are created that are not exposed to. The temperature of the hot bloated Stems are severed. treatment gas is in the range of 200 to 370 ° C,

In US Pat. No. 1,039,987, a ratio of from 260 to 316 ^° C. is preferably maintained. The retraction for drying tobacco in general and the effect of this temperature on the stalk causes, for the extraction of nicotine at high temperatures, that the moisture from the stalk evaporates and is described using steam. Steam: a radially outward force on the cells is used here to prevent fire from exerting the stem, thereby inflating them,
can arise from friction and not to puff up tobacco stems of the “bright” or “burley” variety. That method is different wash "are brought to a very strong Gleichgewichtsfeuchtigsich of the inventive method keitsgehalt from about 8 to about 20 ° / _0,
both with regard to the problem as well as the The hot air stream can be arranged vertically or in this way starting product and the process measures. that the air currents create a fluidized bed

US Pat. No. 3,063,159 describes a drying machine. By means of such a structure, these

Apparatus described in which in a stream of air those stalk, which is due to the action of the

Suspended tobacco in a vertical duct is inflated with hot air, the air flow a larger one

is drying. The supply of the moist tobacco takes place on the surface and are against the pull of the heavy

from above and the discharge of the dried tobacco pressed upwards by force, while those stalks,

below. The dry air is directed in countercurrent. 50 which do not puff, near the bottom of the

Drying temperatures are not given; remain a column of hot air.

The tobacco does not expand. The stalks, which initially do not expand, ■ ^; In British patent specification 947 280, a method is thus kept in contact with the hot air column or the heating for expanding tobacco stalks with the aid of an air bed and neither puffing up a high-frequency (microwave) electromagnetic, whereupon they rise up and collectively Radiation field described, in addition, or falling down in collecting devices, an air stream is used to remove the moisture located on the surface of the tobacco in one operation, and the result is even drying. The air flow only causes product with very small fluctuations in properties, the usual tobacco drying. 6 ° based on differences in humidity and mineral

So there was no content to be traced back to before the present invention,
completely satisfactory process for the utilization of stems or ribs known. For example
., The object of the invention is now a method for

Exfoliate completely from the leaf portions 65 A heat gun is severed into the end of a Pyrex Tobacco stalks .und used for the simultaneous glass tube, with a wire mesh between Separating the distended from the non-distended two lies. The device is placed vertically on stalks to show which one works continuously. placed. Temperature and air speed

controlled by closing the circular disc on the side of the gun. The fireplace is a Glass cylinder of 45.7 x 2 cm. The pistol is bumped against the end of the barrel. A copper sieve is cut to fit the inside diameter of the pipe so the ribs don't go up fall through to the heating coil. Because air and temperature are usually controlled by the same valve it is necessary to put a strainer over the end of the cylinder and the air control flap to open completely. This results in the lowest possible temperature and a further reduction in the air flow.

The temperature range in which the ribs are inflated is 200 to 37o ⁰ C. This is the area in which the proper balance of heat and air velocity with this device can be obtained. According to this method, both "bright" and "burley" ribs, which have been conditioned in room conditions for several days, are inflated. The ribs are too heavy to initially blow to the top of the cylinder but begin to puff after 6 to 60 seconds and are blown towards the top of the cylinder. The length of time depends on the temperature of the air flow and the type of ribs or stems. The amount of puffing can be controlled by regulating the residence time of the ribs in the cylinder by adjusting the speed of the air flow.

Washed "burley" ribs are placed in the air puffing device, and at After careful work, it is found that the washed "burley" ribs puff out. The puff is here not as satisfactory as with the "bright" ribs; however, this is due to the texture of the washed Due to ribs that are very small. For air separation and expansion other conditions must be maintained for "burley" ribs, since they are at lower temperatures puff and are lighter than "bright" ribs.

Example 2

350 g samples of large sized tobacco stems

ίο (mixed »bright« ribs, sieved once, weight 0.208 g / ccm) are thermally treated in an oven. The furnace used for this purpose employs the fluidized bed principle, that is, the fins are suspended in a bed of swirling air so that all sides of each fin are equally exposed to the action of the heated air. To do this, the fins are spread out on the solid floor of the device and heated air currents are directed against them so that they are lifted and kept suspended in the air above the floor, forming a fluidized bed of particles and air. The floor itself vibrates, which prevents excessive lingering in the treatment area. This allows the fin material to be subjected to a defined treatment time. The even application of heat causes the tobacco stems to puff and expand to about three times their original size. The greatest yield of expanded ribs with good color characteristics is obtained when the ribs are heated ^{to temperatures between 260 and 320 ° C. in this way for 0.40 to 0.90 minutes.} The treatment conditions and results are shown below:

Size of the sample Tempe
rature Stay
time Beginner
Damp
salary color yield Other observed characteristics G ⁰ C Minutes % 350 302 0.85 14th some ribs
dark 95 - 350 316 0.75 14th very dark 95 - 350 316 0.50 14th too dark 95 U of the rib not completely open 350 316 0.40 14th excellent 95 U not open 350 288 0.60 14th Well 95 U open 350
(small particles,
not sorted) 288 0.80 14th Well 80 Results good for size of the
Particle 350 260 0.80 14th Well 90 Bad ventilation, U open, volu
men unsatisfactory 350 * 260 0.90 14th Well 90 U open, probably optimal
conditions 350 274 0.70 14th very good 90 to 95 U open

*) Optimal conditions between 260 and 316 ° C at 0.9 to 0.4 minutes.

Example 3

4.54 kg samples of large sized tobacco stems (mixed "bright" stems, once sieved, weight 0.208 g / cc) are treated by a fluidized bed process in a 30.5 cm fluidized air dryer. the The dryer consists essentially of a column with an upper and lower outlet opening running along it its side wall, an inlet for ribs at the upper mouth of the column and one Hot air inlet at the lower mouth of the column.

The hot air shakes the ribs in the chamber, and as it puffs them, they become less dense and through the heated air is pushed against the top overflow window and out of the dryer. The conditions and results of the separation by means of air and the expansion are given below:

temperature
⁰ C 7th Dwell time Damp
salary
° / o color yield
° / o 8th Observations Weight
the sample
kg 177 IV ₂ hours 14th - 10 does not flow from the
Windows 4.54 204 3 minutes 14th evenly 70 flows from floor window 4.54 232 3 minutes 14th evenly 80 flows from floor window 4.54 243 2 minutes 14th evenly 40 flows from the upper window 4.54 232 to 282 continuously until all
Ribs are distended 14th not equal
moderate 70 to 80 flows from the upper window 81.6

Claims (5)

1 ■ -2 '■ to transfer usable products. For example patent claims: Attempts have been made to insert stalks into cigars and cigarettes in such a way that they are crushed and 1. Method of puffing already from which to be steamed and rolled afterwards. However, it was found that the tobacco parts of each leaf were completely separated, but that the undesired hard, wooden stalks and, at the same time, the similar properties of the stalks are separated by such an inflated from the non-inflated stems, that the treatment is not eliminated and that the Stalks characterized in that the tobacco stalks after being introduced into the cigarettes or cigar stalks by means of a bottom-up, vertical lead to uneven burning and a somewhat directed, fluidized suspension of the tobacco-less desirable aroma. In addition, the stalk-generating gas stream is heated and this processing of the stalk results in very small, rigid stems being blown through, the temperature of the stalk particles, which is easily separated from the ends of the gas stream, being 200 to 370 ° C, the duration of the tobacco product and the smoking of the the swelling, apart from the quality of the tobacco product because of its sharp-edged form tobacco stem, is largely dependent on the 15 easily perceived. In addition, by speed ^: and the temperature, some of these hard stalk pieces, as has been ascertained in the increasing gas flow, and those in the fluidized, the paper wrapping of cigarette suspension initially still floating stems or deform the cigarette or cigar in no time due to the expansion now in the desired manner. lower specific gravity of the stalk in 20 Another method is to make the stalk, Ascend in the direction of the gas flow upwards while they are still in the tobacco leaves, initially and get into collecting devices and which expose the pressure of a medium and the not yet inflated tobacco stalk in the lower loading pressure then to cancel the expansion of the remain rich of the gas flow. Effect stems in the leaves. This method 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is described in US Pat. No. 2,344,106. records that the temperature of the gas stream 260 has been found, however, that such a process up to 316 ° C. only cumbersome on a technical scale 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized and the use of Druckeinrichgekennzeich.net, that as a gas flow an air flow lines and the like and requires steam in order to be used. 30 to prepare the product for the expansion stage. at 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, such a method there is the possibility of characterized in that the stalks in the internal cell damage of the tobacco product, the fluidized suspension 6 to 180 seconds break the epidermis and the deterioration of the bloated. '. ^: Product, from the introduction of gases into the 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 35 sheets originates. Next, it requires the kind of one characterized in that the tobacco stalks, such a process that the stalks are used directly into a tobacco product after the expansion, so that no assembly line production is involved can be applied with a moisturizing method. content, which was made about 8 to 20 percent before expansion, using as a starting material 40 tobacco stalks or tobacco leaves containing stems, includes the use '..' .. ■ '"'■■ ···' ·· of a high-frequency electrostatic field for the Expansion of the stalk. This process is described in U.S. Patent 2,739,599. One of the The invention relates to a method for expanding 45-like method, although theoretically offers the possibility already completely absent from the leaf parts, some of the dangers of the above-discussed crushing separate tobacco stalks and for simultaneous peeling and steaming and the printing operation separating the distended from the non-distended; however, it was found again Stalks. has other dangers. When using a The method according to the invention enables 50 such methods for treating stems which Stems and large veins or ribs that are still in the leaf from tobacco, there is the possibility of leaves were removed, converted into a form that the leaf itself, as has been determined, affects in which they can be used in tobacco products. is pregnant, because of the_. As used herein, the term "stem" includes arcing between the plates which are used to Tobacco stems, ribs and wheels. 55 Generation of the high-frequency electrostatic field Before the tobacco is used in tobacco products, such as cigarettes. It can be assumed that this Cigars, cigarillos and the like, can be processed, arcing at leaf areas with high The ribs and veins must usually be made from the mineral content. Also raised areas in the sheet Tobacco leaves are removed because they interfere. This is likely to be the cause of such arcing there will be threshing machines that will soften the leaves. The arcing takes place also in the case of crime and the ribs and most of the work of stalks outside the leaf on Remove veins from the leaves, or dampen the changing dimensions of the stems. machines used to remove the stems from the It has been found that the appearance of these bow tobacco leaves pull off. frequent machine shutdowns For the stems removed from the tobacco leaves 65 this procedure is required. Another and large cores are not easily found. Danger of use with such a method arises opportunities in the tobacco industry. The reason for the fact that tobacco leaves in humid Many attempts have already been made to vary the stalk content. So there is a high degree