DE1527781A1 - Process for extrusion of metals - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dlpl.-lng.R.BeotiU. Dipl.-Ing. Lamprecht

MOnOiMi 22.8t * ii »dorfMr. 10 1527781

410-11.831P-TpGr (5) ^ -5. Feb. 1969

Process for extrusion of metals

The invention relates to a method for deforming metals and in particular those which are difficult to deform Metals under pressure by extrusion, in which the directed deforming forces through corresponding transformation of the total applied forces by means of a medium that opposes the deformation a pressure that acts evenly on all sides is superimposed on the metal, which is significantly higher than that of the relevant metal temperature, the pressure to be used for plastic deformation and a value of 12,000 bar can achieve, with intermediate or subsequent annealing treatments being provided if necessary.

According to the prior art, the plastic shaping is intended in particular for metals that are difficult to deform can be achieved that one exerts a high pressure acting on all sides on the metal during the deformation and at the same time successive defined and limited in their amplitude, but over the entire mass causes extensive deformations of the metal "

In particular, it was provided that the deformation takes place in a space in which the increased hydrostatic pressure is generated by special means such as a secondary metal, which is brought into the plastic state by the pressure supplied by the ku deforming (primary) metal, and only flow out through a small, calibrated and possibly adjustable opening k; mn _f that a hy-

009809/0465

IeUl documents (Art. 711 Aba. 2 No. 1 Sau 3 de "ChangesunaW *. Fc A". ISS?)

drostatic pressure range can be obtained.

In particular, it was provided that the low effective resistance of this secondary metal with the factor

In — n— 1

is multiplied, where S is the cross-section of the plastic metal and S _{1 is} that of the exit port.

The aim of the present invention is above all to design this procedure for deforming blocks in particular by extrusion in order to obtain extruded material or tubes, in particular with a circular cross-section, in such a way that they better meet the various practical requirements, in particular in such a way that they enable a better distribution of the increased hydrostatic pressure around the deformed material and avoid that when the extruded metal is displaced into a receptacle, significant friction forces occur, and that the secondary agent is advantageously v ^; It can also be used at the same time as a larger thermometer, which makes it possible to increase the "outlet ratio" (rapport de filage) and thus the pressure inside the receptacle.

The method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that a deformation pressure is transferred to the metal to be extruded with the interposition of a harvesting Newton ¹ see liquid which is stable at the working temperature and at the same time the metal as it exits from the tared first nozzle is taken into a receptacle, which is from a The second liquid, which is also stable at the working temperature and possibly identical to the harvest ^{, is filled with ITewton 1} and at the same time contains a silk intestine, Jxa through which read

Q09809 / 0465

BATH ORIGINAL

Penetration of the primary detail in the receiving container is transferred to the plastic state and can only flow out of the receiving container through a small, calibrated and optionally adjustable opening , which can in particular be a second nozzle »

In addition to these main features, the invention also includes certain other measures that can be used individually or in combinations, namely ι

- The extrusion pressure is applied to the metal to be deformed by a piston, which is in a pressure-resistant Housing is displaceable, which is connected to the receptacle via the first nozzle stands;

- This housing and the receptacle form a coherent block;

- the housing and the receptacle form two separate assemblies on either side of the first nozzle be held against each other under pressure by the action of a hydraulic winch, creating a easy change of the first nozzle is made possible;

the first nozzle has a biconic bearing surface;

- the piston of the housing is lengthened by a mandrel with a smaller diameter, which is used for extrusion made possible by pipes;

- the metal to be extruded is beryllium;

- copper, aluminum or lead are used as secondary metal;

- Newton's fluids are lubricants.

9809/0465

· The .invention will be better understood on the basis of the following description with reference to / the attached drawings. Explanation is identical and not * if it is to be considered restrictive. On den.ZeiGhnungeriizeli · ^geni: ■ ::; _ _ ■ ■ '■ - /,;: ■..'.. \. : ^{'/.■■-■-:;} - ·. '- · ■ ■ ^; ■■■ · "* ■■■ [■."'-"■■ ^: " - ^:

Fig / 1 a; Axial section through a first preliminary ■ : ■ to the J) uVGhi \ ihru.ng ^: äiee method according to the invention for the extrusion of bars; and '

"'■■ • ■ -Fdg .-- 2 an axial section through a second gate-'

■ "'■ straight door to carry out · the invention according to s" ■■■ '' ■ "■ '. Process for' extrusion of pipes.

ß. According to the i'dguren, the .strangpreßgefräüse: (block- .. - ■. -aufnehmer .-) -, - is formed by a pressure-resistant cylinder 1, in which interior a piston 3 is displaceable i: sAf. äe, r on ■ ■; '■■ "the metal to be deformed, 5 with the interconnection of a · ---- first, at. dej? working temperature s _: ta-bilen Uewton, ¹ see liquid 7,; d "-H. A liquid that has no shear coefficient; and ^ a .plastic lubricant. ^ Be -."die'Figur illustrated case separated by a AbschTuß 9 having the aligemeine form of a disc UNOE ^'s' in 5 the case of FIG. 2 "by a termination 11 in the general form of a ring through which a piston 3 prolonging mandrel' T3 for ' d'as extrusion of pipes can pass through ". '-'"· ^: - ':.

The _t Aufnahine bet is older, i5_ge by a cylinder * - forms, which a · second Ilewton'sohe is subjected to liquid 17 has the analog ,, -Eiginschaften first "to OCE" liquid 7 which is resistant to the back pressure. also a * 2cMierir; iftieä can be 'and. in particular equal to the first liquid 7 actual, 'The back pressure "in the -Flüssigkeit -17 _{is: Q-en:'} fStraiigpEBßvGrgang ^11: e" ines iSekunä'ärrrietails 19 'b'.e--

BATH ORIGINAL

true, that .wird is put into the plastic state by the pressure, which is caused by the penetration of the extruded rod 21 (EIg ₀ 1) or the extruded tube 23 (Hg, 2) into the; Inside the liquid 17 is built up. The extrusion of the secondary metal 19 takes place through a second nozzle 25 which is arranged at the lower end of the receptacle 15 and is fixed in a base or block 27.

According to a preferred embodiment shown in the figures According to the invention, the housing 1 and the receptacle 15 form two separate assemblies which are separated from one another by the first nozzle 29, which can preferably have a biconic bearing surface, and these Both arrangements are combined by pressing against the first nozzle 29, which this holding or contact pressure transfers between the two arrangements, which in this way can have the same or different diameter. These two arrangements can be hydraulic by the action Winches are pressed against each other. -

The measures described above make it possible that the rod 21 or the tube 23 after they exit the nozzle 29 does not move under friction, but on the contrary within a lubricant environment 17 into the receptacle 15 Counterpressure is used, can be used with a large ⁼ diameter, which makes it possible to increase the extrusion or exit ratio S / S ₁ and thus the value of this counterpressure. ■

The ability to easily replace the nozzle 29, also forms a considerable advantage of the described arrangements for industrial applications

. Finally, the described improved method

00 98 09/04 65

can be used for strand peeling of beryllium and the second metal 19 can be copper, aluminum or lead. However, other systems are also conceivable for E3.

009809/0 4-65

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Claims (8)

; - '"-:" ■■■ "* · ■■■ patent claims" ■; '·· "■ -": - 1. Process for deforming metals and in particular of difficult to deform metals under the application of pressure by extrusion, in the case of the directional deforming Forces through a corresponding transformation of the total applied forces by means of a deformation resisting The medium is superimposed on the metal by a pressure that is uniformly higher on all sides than that at the relevant metal temperature for the plastic Deformation to be applied pressure and a value of 12,000 bar -access, where appropriate between- or subsequent annealing treatments are provided, dad u r c h g e k en η z i c h π e t that one on the Strangzuppressende Iietall a deformation pressure with the interposition of a first, stable at the working temperature Newton's vision transfers fluid and at the same time the metal as it exits a -first nozzle in accommodates a receptacle, which is held by a second ,; Likewise stable at the working temperature and optionally filled with the first identical Newton's see 'liquid and at the same time contains a secondary metal that by the one delivered by the penetration of the primary metal into the receptacle. Pressure in the plastic state is offset and from the receptacle only through one small calibrated and possibly adjustable opening flow out or ·. can escape, in particular a second Nozzle can be. ■ 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the extrusion pressure on the Lie tali to be formed by a Piston is impressed, which is displaceable in a pressure-resistant housing, which with the receptacle on the first Nozzle is in communication. - n (Art. 7 j 1 para. 2 No. 1 sentence 3 of the amendment, V. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing and the receptacle form a coherent block. . ■ 4ο The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing and the receptacle form two separate arrangements which are held against each other under pressure on both sides of the first nozzle by the "action of hydraulic winches in such a way that easy replacement of the first nozzle is made possible _o ■ 5ο method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first nozzle has a biconic bearing surface " 6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston of the housing through a mandrel with lesser Diameter is extended, which enables the extrusion of pipes. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal being extruded is beryllium. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary metal is copper, aluminum or lead. 9 ". Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Newtons * see fluids are lubricants. ■ GPÖT9809 / 04 6 p