DE1526035A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

DR.-INQ. DIPL-INQ. Q. RIEBLINQ My sign

St 127 Dt / S / Z

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899 Lindau (Bodensee) Your · Message from Mein · Message from Rennerle 10 PO Box 365

18. 7. 19b6

Kenneth Ueldon Etaakey, Markle / Indiana / USA

heat exchanger.

This invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more particularly, to a noise exchanger known in the heavy metals industry as a recuperator. The invention is particularly suitable for use . Bei Ul ied ergeujinnung part of the residual heat from blast furnace exhaust gases that are released to the atmosphere during blast furnace operation, but must flow through a heat exchanger before they exit in order to uorzuin incoming air, which is then used in blast furnace operation will. this

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Telegraph: Office hours Bank account: Postal checking account: OS 4374 patent d by agreement Bayer Staatsbank Lindau (·) No. 19M Manchen 2H 29

are the uses of the present invention predisposed, however, not to this particular application restricted F = a should.

In order for a recuperator to work satisfactorily, the two gases flowing through it in a heat-exchanging relationship k are sufficiently separated from each other; If the two streams are allowed to mix, a contamination of one stream occurs and creates a pressure drop, which is proportional to the circulation ratio of the gases decreased.

In the USA patent application Serial I \ lr. 215 846 of August 9, 1962, whose title is "Fireproof heat exchangers" became one Improvement in the field of heat exchangers, d. H. the recuperators, which is technically important because they consist almost entirely of ceramic components, which are heat-resistant and can therefore interact with gases whose temperatures are much higher than was previously possible. However, the refractory parts tend to crack during the warm-up and cool-down periods, when the parts are locked together. Döm according to The idea is to make the recuperator components freely movable in order to Periods of cooling to avoid damage to the soil.

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These novel results become more novel with the addition Front landing constructs achieved that are suitable for this are to maintain the various seals within the recuperator while mending them simultaneously allow small relative movements due to the uneven Distribution of noise to various components of the recuperator inevitably occur.

In a recuperator of the type described, the. Experience made that between the ü andungi.üfungen in the Ends of the lines, dir with the openings in the headstones overdue, slight leakages occur, and dice is especially true when the cobbles stick together and the land of the management of tier! ffnur.c in the header from the alignment EcLrur.pft. On this ^ pise flows Gas within the duct and gas flows within it Recuperator chamber and there is a LärmuauEt.-uEch, but this process is made possible by the deliberation of the observations unauthorized. The forehead andunLen, lines and the At-gaskets allow all buses to enter a uerrLLettrndiGHr. faterial. MIs Another consequence of the Eicker-x'BCE- between αεη Openings in the forehead and unaligned ones There are also openings in the lines • JJirkuncsgradverluEt during operation of the recuperator an undesired one Mixing of the functions, uelche the

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ui heat-exchanging gases. ■ ·

Accordingly, it is a key feature of the present invention in the case of a recuperator of the refractory type described, one to effect improved operations by being sealed is and remains tight, while it is a relative expansion and shrinkage of the components is allowed.

Another feature of the invention is an improved

Serten sealing arrangement for the recuperator, which increases the operating efficiency of the recuperator and completely separates the two flows that flow through it in a thermal exchange relationship.

One of the general features of the present invention is to provide a recuperator which is adequately sealed and a sealing device which allows the inevitable relative positions of the recuperator parts to be constructed, installed and maintained.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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Figure 1 shows a cross section through the center of the recuperator, one of the refractory stirrers and nuclear splitters in a longitudinal section and also the flow path of the gases;

Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-section of the seal in the upper section of the head wall and the tube along the line 2 of FIG. 3; and

FIG. 3 is a top view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, in the direction of arrows 3-3 in FIG. 2 seen.

Der.in the drawings with reference numerals 10 designated recuperator is of the type and construction of the in the already mentioned USA patent application Serial-Wr. 215 864. In short, the recuperator comprises its chamber of refractory bricks 11 made of a suitable heat-resistant material Material. It is surrounded by a castable ceramic lining 13 and a metal jacket 15. The refractory bricks are used to build the vertical walls, and both the top and the lower horizontal walls consist of refractory headstones 2ü. There are wall stones above the top of the head stack of additional stones 18, these

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Walls and headstones (lower and upper) an inner

Form chamber 22 which receives a first gas stream coming from the inlet 24, which continues to flow in the direction of arrows 26 into a compartment 2B. Uon the chamber 28 the flow goes directly up through the openings 30 in a. Set of mutually matched stones 32 which are ψ overall wear of pillow blocks 33 and along the periphery are sealed with a suitable sealing material, the composition in Patent Application Serial I \ ir. 215 864 v / is thoroughly described and discussed.

The inflow is then directed upwards, through a series of casings 36 placed perpendicularly one on top of the other, which surround the pipes 38 and a small one
leave circular gap 37, which leads the inflow upwards until it exits at the upper end of the uppermost casing part and flows into the chamber 22, as
this is indicated by the arrows. The stream is then collected in chamber 22 and exits through vent 42. Because of the narrow space 37 between the jacket
and a rapid linear flow is created through the pipe, which improves the heat exchange coefficient and flows around the entire pipe from one end to the other, with this at the maximum heat exchange with the gas which is inside
of the pipe and which is now to be discussed, un-

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is teruiorfen. The pipe is made of a suitable heat-resistant Material such as B. "silicon carbide, which during the warm-up and cool-down periods jumping and ' resists cracking.

The ends of the pipes are not connected to the head stones 13 and 20 with a positive fit, but stand individually against matching head stones at their opposite ends, each line having its separate head stone. The cobblestones are usually in shape, freely movable on one another, whereby they can expand or contract in a different proportion to the nearest cobblestone or pipe. The relative movement of the head stones can be prevented by the sealing material being so tightly packed between adjacent head stones that this movement is prevented. The packing of the refractory material is denoted by the number UU . They are made of elastic and u-ermebnefindigen fibers. · Ο, εππ these fibers are tightly packed, the cobblestones hang more tightly together. As it cools, the ronr or conduit end tends to shrink away from sealing contact with the cobblestone.

Uo the ends of the tubes 38 touch the cobbles 20, is located

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a conical seat A6 (Fig. 3). This particular connection, which is not a coherent connection, allows rice tails to move between the heads 20 and the ends of the tubes 38, which tend to develop, indicated by corrugated arrow lines 50, seepage for the Gaefluß, each through the aligned openings in the head piece - ^ πBn and the attached refractory bricks 5 2 run. The course indicated by the arrows 50 has its origin at an inlet 5k. He will after flowing through

of the chamber 56 through the openings 60 downwards into the tubes 38, among other things the flow course, as indicated by arrows 66, goes downwards. Through a column core 68, which divides the flux flow, this Uird divided into quadrants, which has better thermal and flow distribution to the rim and or improves the mechanism of heat exchange by the iLondungsstärke between the gegejieinandergerichteten) gas streams within the circular intermediate space 37 outside the pipe 36 .

The 5toß between the ends of the pipes or lines 38 and the headstones 20 will depend on the operating temperature the gases by means of a sleeve 71 made of refractory or metallic construction, which is fixed inside the opening in the wall black. The sleeve 71 extends into the interior of the pipe or line 38

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(Fig..2), UDbBi dsr Buden 7D dsr sleeve to form a The ring is flanged to make it a heat-resistant seal 72 to accommodate the mix within the gap Sleeve and dbn opposite surfaces of the cobblestone and the RahrBS. The Zuischanraum is changeable, but it is about 12 mm. The seal consists of elastic, heat-resistant material. The length of the sleeve, 71 can be different, but is generally between 15 to 20 cm and is evenly divided on each side of the joint of the cobblestone with the mixer. The sleeve 71 is fixed by the seal 72 and it remains in its place with the aid of the friction of the seal 72 PDsitiün fixed in one place. Should the cobblestone too tend to shrink (or vice versa) from the pipe end dis combined sleeve and seal a leakage over prevent the joined part of the pipe and the cobblestone v /, since it actually acts as a rebate seal, '

During operation, the pipe will reach high operating temperatures exposed. Due to its considerable length, it can it is quite considerable, by about 12 mm or like. expand. The pipes can expand and contract individually, but the headstones remain rigid because they be held in place by the fibrous seal, which is so compact that it fixes the stones in place to an overpressure

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van D, 35 kg / cm and higher within the chamber 56 to be sealed. Due to the tendency of the cobbles to remain rigid, the pipe ends separate from their respective sealing surfaces during the cooling period Cobblestone and thus cause a leak.

fc If there is a high pressure differential between the two gas streams, the leakage could be significant if pipe end disconnections should occur. Due to the connection of the sleeve 71 to the seal 72, however, the seal is maintained although there is a small gap that develops between the pipe end and its corresponding sealing surface of the head stone (Fig. 3). In other words, what develops from it is a rebate seal that excludes leaks from the outset.

Although the material of the sleeve is variable, it is often made of an aluminum alumina bond; the seal is made of a similar heat-resistant material and, in most cases, of fibrous aluminum alumina material. In the construction of the recuperator, the tubes 38 can be made of silicon carbide or other heat-resistant material and their length can vary from around 75 cm up to 3 or k.5 m. The function of the OB requirement

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the material is that it is impermeable to gas and has a suitable conductivity, so Idärrne between to transfer the inner and the outer gas stream. ·

During operation, the hot gases can either flow inside or outside the pipes. It is typical, however, that the hot gases circulate over the outer surface of the tubes and the colder, heat-absorbing stream of gases is passed through the interior of the tube only once. In this way, the hot gases or the blast furnace gases are fed to the compartment 28 via the inlet 2k and flow via the openings 3D into the annular space 37 between the casing 36 and the pipes 38, from where they then exit from the uppermost end of the casing and into flow into the chamber 22, in which all of the flows are collected and discharged through the outlet U2. The hot gases flowing upwards sweep over the (

outer surface of the tube 38 away and cause a Exchange of heat with the cooler, oppositely flowing Cold air, as indicated by arrows 6 b, in Pipe flowing downwards.

The cold air comes from inlet 54 leading to chamber 56 leads. It is used for the 1-ffnunt; C: the buffers support each other Stone? 52 reric'itet down. These openings light up

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with the inlet opening of the line vein of the pipe. The heated, "flowing through the line · air then flows through aligned apertures in ^de? N lower cobblestones in a chamber 7 ^, ljo the entire streams unite and run off, as shown by arrow 5D If. On the upper KopfstBinen If a bridge t and a contraction of the pipes 38 occur, there will be no seepage paths that would allow the air to mix with the heated gas via the seepage Sleeve 71 and gasket 72 which make a crimp seal at the junction of the top end of the pipe and its associated headstone.

The direction of the flow course, s. Is of no importance; The colder air can flow either inside the pipe or outside it, as long as the two currents are kept separate from each other. The currents can also be recirculated depending on dBn design considerations to complete one or more passes.

Although the invention has been shown and described in connection with a few selected embodiments, should be understood that these are only for illustrative

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serve purposes without the scope of this invention thereby restricted. In all likelihood you can Those of ordinary skill in the art do numerous revisions and adjustments Make the invention to meet design requirements and it is intended that such revisions and Adaptations are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Recuperator, characterized by Its international exchange chamber with spaced apart Walls, an inlet and an outlet for generating a flow through the chamber, between the at a distance arranged LJandungsn through this LJärmsauschkammer running duct devices with heat-conducting walls, ujelche the heat exchange between that contained in the chamber Produce liquid and the liquid flowing through the channel devices, PlittBl, which the channel devices surrounded by a liquid course in close proximity to the outer walls of the channel devices zuecks effective heat exchange worbeizuführsn, further by sealing means between the ends of the channel devices and the chamber walls, consisting of a sleeve between the connection of the channel devices and a corresponding opening in the wall and this bridged, and ultimately by a sleeve surrounding temperature-resistant seal. 2. Recuperator, characterized by a üJärmeaustauschkammer with walls that surround the chamber - 15 - 909842/0677 give and have a distance from each other, conduction deviceEn with thermally conductive connections for ducting van gas through the chamber to generate heat exchange with gas contained in the chamber and means for sealing of the ends of the line devices, consisting of a Sleeve that runs between the conduit and inside an opening in the landing and a gas-tight packing between the chamber and the interior of the conduit and a heat-resistant Forms a seal between the sleeve and the landing. 3. Recuperator, characterized by a chamber with an inlet and outlet for a gas flow, which strikes during the heat exchange through the chamber, two landings at a distance from each other, which are partially form the chamber, and a number of pipes spaced apart from one another, which run through the chamber and in their opposite lands in 1 / Lrbind with corresponding 'Openings in the Lardur.gcr. against the ££ dntt eht? n to a flow of gas within the pipes leads you through the grains to create, furthermore, by putty to seal the connection between the openings and the ends of the line, with a sleeve that sits telescopically in the line Connection between the cable ends and the opening covers and thereby the mixing of the gases within the pipe or the chamber prevented, and also by the sleeve BAD ORIGINAL - -b - 909842/0677 surrounding heat-resistant seal made of fire-proof material. 14. Recuperator, characterized 'by two end walls at the nberen and lower ends of the recuperator, kuperatorkammer, l / orrichtungen for the formation of an inlet BBB and an outlet for the circulation of the gases through the Re-? kuperatorkkammer, aligned pairs of openings in the end walls, vertically extending tubes, which are individually attached between the vertically aligned pairs of openings in order to receive a gas inflow and thereby to exchange heat via the heat-conducting walls of the tubes. to bring stands, with the gases circulating outside the pipes and inside the recuperator chamber, as well as means for sealing the connection between the aligned pairs of openings at the opposite ends of the pipes, including sleeves that sit telescopically inside the pipes and the openings and cover the connections , and further by a seal of heat-resistant refractory material surrounding each of the sleeves. 5. Recuperator, characterized by two end walls at the upper and lower ends of the recuperator chamber, Devices for forming an inlet and a -UislasEes for the circulation of the gases through the re- 909842/0677 ^{BÄD c} " ^UulNAL kuperator chamber, aligned pairs of openings in the end faces, vertically extending tubes, individually attached between the vertically aligned pairs of openings are to take up a gas inflow and thereby a üJärmeaustausch about the heat-conducting walls of the tube to bring, with the gases circulating outside the pipes and inside the recuperator chamber, 'as well as means to seal the connection between the aligned Df opening pairs at dBn opposite ends of the pipes, including sleeves that are telescopic inside the The pipes and the openings and cover the connections, and further by a seal of heat-resistant refractory material surrounding each of the sleeves, and devices providing a recessed fit between the ends of the tube and the corresponding opening in the Form end wall, whereby the flow of the pipe and of the opening are substantially aligned with one another. 6. Recuperator, characterized by ziüBi front walls at the obscure and lower ends of the recuperator chamber, Devices for the formation of an inlet and an outlet for the circulation of the gases through the recuperator chamber, aligned pairs of openings in the end walls, perpendicular RohrB, which individually between attached to the vertically aligned pairs of openings - 18 - 909842/0677 are urn receive a gas influx and thus bring about heat conductive walls of the tubes einBn heat exchange state, the gases outside dBr tubes and within the Rekuperetorkammer circulate, and means for sealing the connection between dBn aligned Gffnungspaaren at the opposite ends of the RohrB, ψ including Sleeves which sit telescopically inside the tubes and openings and cover the connections and furthermore by a seal of heat-resistant refractory material surrounding each of the sleeves and by an insert in the tube which divides the gas flow into a number of specific flow paths if the gases move lengthways in it, 7. Recuperator, characterized by two end walls at the upper and lower ends of the Recuperator chamber, devices for forming bines inlet j and an outlet for the circulation of the gases through the Rbkuperatorkammsr, aligned pairs of openings in the end walls, vertically running pipes, which are individually between the vertically aligned Psarsn of the openings are attached to receive Binen GaezuBtrom and thereby Heat exchange via the heat-conducting walls of the tubes to bring about, with the gases circulating outside the pipe and inside the recuperator chamber, "as well - ig - 909842/0677 - 19 - Means for sealing the connection between the aligned pairs of openings at opposite ends of the pipes, including sleeves which are teleBkcpartig in the
Sitting inside the tubes and the openings and covering the joints, and further by a seal of heat-resistant refractory material surrounding each of the sleeves and means surrounding the tubes around one
to form annular space adjacent to the pipe for the gas flow within the chamber heat-exchanging with the gas flow within the conduits, the flows within the conduit and within the annular interspace being in countercurrent to one another. 909842/0677 -iff- Empty soap