DE1517238A1 - Reclaimed tobacco products and methods of making the same - Google Patents

Description

Dipl. XKG. AMTHOR
FRANKFURT AM MAIN

A. μ. March 2, 1962

TELEPHONE 65 2023 743Ö

EYSSENECKSTHASSE SQ

ilOSS

MSSBKSM- VISCOSl ÖGHPQBAMÖf

Reconditioned Ssbakprociukte and .Tferfakreo zwr Heretölliisg ..;:; - ■ '■ "■ - ■ ■.'■""" ■ - ■ '"'.-", _^"same: .-""■ -... ^■;...

You ilrfiadußg concerns one. Yeifehren »for HerateXluag" shared- 3! Abäka _{t of} the zttr production: from Xobäkfollem suitable _for as well as refined, refined sateak products ·

■ The preparation of iabak »which was used for the production of" lattotatBrea aer »requires a separation of the ensiled components - the tobacco plant. While harvesting the Sabka» erde »la ©" stalk at the level of the root and the selected leaves © mgelie »- the inexpedient foliage cut away. Wäteeui further "processing is the S ciel of the tobacco leaf is e £ itf 'TRNT ₉ on a working the wood-like material or atrohartigen Ie prevent' the flue product« u.

In the Heretellung a deerartlgen Sabaka _f wherein ein.ein- '"lent uniform crushed material for manufacturing a sheet tobacco is -.etärken weeentlich, small stem portions of the tobacco leaf are w ä herauafiltriert or removed · The

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Tobacco is essentially based with a binder a cellulose derivative and a plasticizer blended to make a strong, flexible film that is suitable for machine processing.

Crushing or grinding tobacco to a fine particle size, even if the coarser leaf parts have been removed, requires the use of a relatively large amount of energy and long meals If tobacco is crushed into a colloid-forming particle size, a stronger tobacco film can be made from it after previous hunts «

Erfindungsgeinäß a process is brought for producing finely divided tobacco in a proposal by which the tobacco leaves is an expensive classifying, Sortleren, separation and work-up in case of port, and further the waste is reduced in the tobacco industry substantially ₀

Furthermore, according to the invention, there is a method for Her ™ position of such tobacco, where it is not necessary to remove parts of the tobacco plant during harvest »

According to the invention, a method for the production of such tobacco is also proposed, in which the expenditure of energy and time required to obtain yqt < tobacco particles of colloid-forming size is significantly reduced.

ORIGINAL BATHROOM

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In general, according to the invention. make stronger tobacco foils . "

According to the invention, the procedure is such that the tobacco is first subjected to a mild hydrolysis "in order to essentially break down or loosen the amorphous areas present in the" tobacco " crystalline portions of the tobacco are hydrolyzed and / the separation of the same is supported. The treated tobacco is then comminuted to obtain a material of fine particle size. ί can be 'produced by .. pouring a slurry of the crushed tobacco on a suitable surface and drying a film that is self-supporting', · ·

To the invention coming into use tobacco are belie ~ bige tobacco varieties, as they are harvested on the! Box and which are not sorted, and all the stem portions and ribs of the tobacco ~ sheet having ₀ The stem and the hip of the tobacco leaf contain larger amounts of natural binder , which is at least partially degraded during the hydrolysis and can be more easily crushedo Of course, waste tobacco is also useful for the procedure according to the inventiono

Me hydrolysis of the tobacco is - by treating it with a carried out mineral acid, which is capable of amorphous Mining areas in the tobacco. Treatment of tobacco with Hydrochloric acid and ferric chloride, with sulfuric acid and the like *,; represents examples of acid hydrolysis processes. The hydrolysis can be carried out with concentrated acid solutions for a short time or with dilute acid for a longer period of time, However, for industrial work, it is preferable that the

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Tobacco is subjected to the action of an about 0.1 to about 1.0 $ aqueous hydrochloric acid solution for about 0.5 to 2 hours at a temperature of 93 ° to 150 ⁰ O in a pressure vessel.

Further possibilities for the degradation of the hydrolyzable tobacco components, such as enzyme hydrolysis can also be used. Treatment with mineral acid, however, is considered to be less costly preferred and the acid also builds up all of the tobacco present hydrolyzable components to obtain a tobacco material from which is crushed more easily and effectively »

* In general, the unsorted tobacco is introduced into a pressure vessel together with water, if necessary after previous disintegration, in such a way that a jar with 10 to 40 $ pesticide content results. Preferably, the tobacco is slowly stirred mechanically during the hydrolysis, whereby first a shredded material is obtained and then a broken down tobacco mass with a fairly small particle size is obtained as the chemical breakdown of the tobacco continues, which corresponds, for example, to a mesh size of about 0.15 mm.

> After hydrolysis, the mass can be neutralized, washed and removed from the transfer vessel, as well as in a colloid mill or The like are introduced, with a finely ground tobacco with Colloid size particles is obtained. However, it is preferred that all of the tobacco mass and tobacco juices be in the reaction vessel

cd remain and neutralize with dilute alkali, e.g. sodium hydroxide

«> Be lized, whereby a small amount of chloride salt precipitates ££ will. At this point in time, other tobacco additives are known

o will work »Then the entire slurry is processed by means of cn

cd of a high speed mechanical agitation or shear process cn

like in a colloid mill, at least several minutes up to about

■ "■ .: -; ■;,. ■ ■■; ■■■" - 5 ■ - -.; ■■ ■ ■ ■■■. subjected to one hour and then dried »The slurry can optionally be diluted and spray-dried» If the slurry is comminuted by mechanical stirring in a mill or a glove, the mass is converted into a colloidal dispersion or a gelatin consistency in less than 1 hour At this point, additives can be incorporated into the gel by mixing. Peptization baths of the dispersants can also be incorporated. The gel is then either spray-dried or extruded or poured on a suitable surface with the desired thickness and then dried to form a sheet tobacco ₀ ·

If the slurry is spray dried, it can be unlimited be stored in containers, the same can be further processed can be fed or the same can be poured into a flowable Medium incorporated to form a gel and incorporated into tobacco foils be poured «In general, spray drying causes dispersion of the wet particles of the hydrolyzed tobacco in one hot, gaseous medium of sufficient temperature through which the Liquid is evaporated from the particles and then the dry particles are removed from the gaseous medium »The j Spray drying can be carried out with or without simultaneous shredding be guided by the collision of the particles or Impact on surrounding hard, solid surfaces can be caused o The preferred spray drying process requires a centrifugal Atomizing the hydrolyzed tobacco slurry in one Chamber in the middle of a high-speed turntable and indentation of the sprayed material in a whirling device by means of a turbulent, gaseous medium, preferably heated axft. The hot gas stream quickly vaporizes the Feuohti ^ - , 909836/0595 «6 \

from the atomized slurry and transfers the "tobacco" particles into a dry powder * The crushed tafaac is then collected in a cyclone. The tobacco is spray-dried either with or without prior grinding in a mill carried out. When a certain type of spray drying is applied volatile or viscous additives should not be incorporated into the tobacco slurry until the drying process has come to a conclusion, so much as a loss of accessories at the high drying temperatures or to prevent clogging of the drying device. Preparation of a slurry of the crushed tobacco particles can -that desired additives are added to the tobacco film further to convey useful properties.

In any case, the tobacco must be crushed into particles with it Colloid size and preferably particles with an average size of less than 200 micrions and especially less than 40 microns. This type of comminution is critical in order to achieve an improved gelation and thus the production of a firmer one The foil product.

The additives can be mixed with the tobacco during any stage of the process following hydrolysis. So can E.g. additives can be added that improve the puff or burning properties of tobacco, such as silicate-like materials, e.g. acid-treated clays, heat-treated montmorillonite, bentonite and natural and synthetic silicates that have exchangeable hydrogen atoms, colloidal alumina, activated • Bauxite, light aluminum oxide hydrate, deeulphated aluminum sulphate U8W · Ea can also use Geaolimackmittel, seasoning, flavoring e, Peuohhaltmittel and the like "introduced at this point in time"

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will. Dea-like business substances include invert sugar,

■ ■■ '.' Iiackritze, chocolate, cocoa, fruit materials and pastes, aroma- J

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table oils and Harzey maple syrup, vanilla, rum flavor and the like «, j Humectants or plasticizers incorporated into tobacco are too common include glycerine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sorbitol, dialkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, and others. Farther It may prove useful up to $ 20 water soluble Polysaccharides such as oilulose ether derivatives or their salts or incorporate uatriamalginate, which acts as an additional binder serve for tobacco «, The treatment of such tobacco foils with the incorporation of water-soluble polysacoharide derivatives as a binder together with a crosslinker, e.g.! formaldehyde, Precondensates from formaldehyde and aldehyde polymers are used to To improve the strength of the films and the water solubility to reduce*

As an optional method of adding water soluble binders to the labak to increase the strength of the labakfοlien after the spray drying or the size reduction of the tobacco obtain tobacco particles of an alkali-soluble, water-insoluble one Polysaccharide solution can be added as insoluble in water Oilulose ether or viscose solutions, and the tobacco are then extruded in film form into a coagulation bath. Here, solid, water-insoluble tobacco foils are obtained, which contain about *> up to $ 20 polysaccharide

After the deformation ia. Tobacco foil is called the material inner wrapper used for cigars. The foil can with Embossings are provided in order to imitate the rib-like appearance of the natural tobacco leaf, and the same can then be used as a

outer wrapper for cigars can be applied. The film can be : ■■■ / ■■ 909836/0595 - _ö

ORiGiNALiNSPECTED

also shredded and in cigarette and pipe tobacco or can be used as smoke filters for smoke products.

The following examples explain the examples according to the invention in detail Procedure.

example 1

Whole tobacco leaves were mechanically ground to a particle size, approximately a mesh size of 0.075 mm. Bin portion of this material feinzermahlenen 6 hours hydrolyzed at a temperature of 71 ⁰ O long with a 3.6 $ solution of hydrochloric acid. After the hydrolysis, the residue is filtered hot and washed with water in order to remove excess acid. The residue is diluted with water to give a mixture of about 5 ^l / ° solids. This mixture is mechanically agitated in a V / a ring mixer for about 25 minutes, thereby gelling.

Tobacco foils are produced by mixing part of the hydrolyzed tobacco with 20 ^ o water-soluble carboxymethyl cellulose and 2Όγ <> glycerine based on the mixture, pouring the solution onto a smooth surface and drying. In the same way, films are made from an unhydrolyzed, finely divided tobacco of the original formulation, and the same amount of binder and plasticizer are used for comparison purposes. The test values obtained from both foils are compiled in the following table:

Table I.

reprocessed ream weight kg breaking length m elongation ^ i thickness mm tobacco foil _

Control '

Tobacco foil 20.7 6og 14.8 0.081

hydrolyzed

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As can be seen from this table, the thinner films of the hydrolyzed tobacco have a greater strength than the thicker ones Films made from non-hydrolyzed tobacco on "

Example 2

To demonstrate that the inventive method for obtaining finely divided particles of the tobacco in colloid size from whole leaves is useful without sorting or separating If the stems and ribs are made from the leaves, 36.4 g of whole leaves, coarse Wisconsin tobacco, 1.75 ml are concentrated Hydrochloric acid and 149 ml of water are placed in a pressure bomb, which is sealed and placed in an autoclave. This Ge. mixed leads to a 0.5% acid solution, which is equivalent to a 4.8% hydrochloric acid based on the weight of the tobacco.

The temperature of the autoclave is 95 minutes kept at 115 ⁰ G long, and then allowed to cool, the reaction vessel to room temperature. The acid is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide to a p ^ value of 7 »0. After neutralization, the residue is diluted to a solids content of 55 * and the grinding is carried out in a Waring mixer for 45 minutes. As a result of this crushing, the tobacco particles are completely broken down and gelation results. The whole mixture including the retained tobacco juices is spray dried by means of introducing into the reservoir a positive displacement pump that introduces the slurry at a controlled rate of about 1.35 kg of solids per hour in a eahwindigkeit performed with high ^ spiral air flow, a feed temperature of about 36O ⁰ C has. The dried product is collected in a cyclone and has a moisture content of about 5 '/ ". The material obtained is great

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soft and light and has an excellent tobacco aroma.

Microscopic examination shows that there are no fibrous Bundles are present, and the total mass is. broken down into individual fine, fibril-like particles

Tobacco sheets are made from this material by preparing an aqueous slurry of the dry tobacco particles that has about 10% solids, 20 % carboxymethyl cellulose and 20% glycerine. The mixture is then poured onto a smooth surface and dried. These films show improved strength properties and are very similar to natural leaf tobacco in terms of fabric, color and odor,

According to the present invention, there are the following advantages, among others achieve:

1) The whole harvested tobacco leaf can be used to produce a tobacco sheet without the need for sorting or cut off.

2) The tobacco leaf including the stem and the hips can be more easily and effectively crushed due to the means Hydrolysis carried out degradation of the natural cellulose binder in the tobacco leaf.

3) It becomes a natural and firmer tobacco foil due to the improved gelation and accessibility of a larger amount of the natural binder from the stems and ribs of the tobacco.

4) The entire procedure for the production of the tobacco foils, namely from the urns of the tobacco to the casting of the foil requires avoidance of waste and expensive previously known work steps, with improved and cheaper raw tobacco products being obtained

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Claims (6)

Claims 1. Process for the production of reclaimed tobacco foils, characterized in that the tobacco hydrolyzes with at least partial decomposition of the amorphous parts of the same which so hydrolyzed Mechanically crushed tobacco, and made from a slurry the hydrolyzed, crushed tobacco formed a film and dried wM » 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tobacco in an aqueous medium at a solids concentration of 10 to 40 $ by means of a hydrochloric acid with a concentration of OkI to 1.0Jt- about 0.5 to 2 hours at a temperature of about hydrolyzed 95 ° to 150- ⁰ O, the aqueous medium containing the tobacco, for example, then with a dilute alkali such as sodium hydroxide is neutralized. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydrolyzed tobacco to an average particle size less than 200 microns, preferably less than 40 microns, and crushed so that it has colloid-sized particles. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shredded tobacco is spray-dried. 5. Tobacco foil, characterized in that the same after any of the preceding claims. 6. tobacco sheet according to claim 5, characterized in that the same 5 to 2Q ^c / 'o of a polysaccharide, and 2 to 20 ^ a wet · contains holding means. ■. 909836/0595