DE1510125A1 - Tensile stress transmitters as well as process and device for its production - Google Patents

Description

DH.-ΙΝβ. DIPU-IN «. M. «C. UIfL -PH * S. DR. "" DIPU.-PHVS. HÖQER - STBLURECHT - ERIESSBACH - HAECKER A 34 980 ^ PATENTANWÄLTE IN STUTTGART 1 K 1 Π 1 7 C »

"W 1966

Owens-Corning fiberglass Corporation Toledo, Ohio, U.3.A.

Tensile stress exciter and method and Xinrlohtung au deeeen manufacture

The invention relates to a tension transmission member with a multitude of carefully aligned individual elements, the Bind embedded in a matrix that accommodates them.

In the tension beam transformer according to the invention, a large number of ropes or strands are arranged in such a way that they are all essentially equally loaded.

In addition, the invention provides a cable-like Tension transformer with two separate ones Breaking stresses created, so that if one part of the elements forming the transformer breaks, a warning signal is issued delivered «rlrd, namely with a ^ voltage load, which is below the maximum tensile stress load

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First of all, the problem underlying the invention should be explained:

A key factor in fiber optics is the extreme high Modulus of elasticity, but glass fibers have ice ine filling limits, as is the case with Stahl der Pailiat. So far, glass fibers have been used not to the extreme of their tensile strength in voltage transformers such as cables and the like. burdened. Bite 1st one follow the fact that the unique combination of So far there is no material concern with glass fibers completely understood - / order is.

Consequently, biaiiar with were made of fiberglass or Sls.ßi'iiisn hf; rge presented Ka including some of the Fasaren Odei "strings longer 'Jila the inderen. If 7. ¹ JIn the cable a Zugip uinung' onterwtrf jr. wurc.3" bo caaEsn iie30 Zu5spannung zunüehst the ktirseren Fc fibers on wohir.g3ä * 3 ^ the longer fibers were "liemala burdened. The. that when the load is applied, only the shorter fibers are loaded, whereas the longer fibers are never loaded due to the lack of a filler line in the shorter fibers until the elongation at break has been reached.

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As a result, only a part of the fibers was actually used in the known tensile transmission elements. Accordingly , the well-known; Tensile strain transducers containing glass fibers are significantly oversized, possibly to be ensured! that there are enough fibers of the same length to absorb the intended load. This means that _t • ine significant number of longer and not loaded threads or parsers are available, while sum ütifnng contribute dos product but are completely nutslos.

From this description of the state of the art viirä -Biei da8 a considerable technical progress through the creation of a -ug voltage transformer was achieved vruv & e. at öor. \ ll parts essentially take up the gloiche 'ύ .

Through the invention , a Zu; ^ rc-r -Mcaühcrlra,; ^: rii ü unexpectedly high tensile strength and = F: "r vj" lerer. Gev; ioht created and a su whose production; Re ^ :. % i ^ te .; Verbs as well as a desieckende device -sw- ϊ ·; ·: ilrfübrung this procedure indicated.

The erfiadr.-gepeniäSa product can ait { KYi.a-zs * Q £ f -? ^ :; i-? C - rArK- ~ ov>, ei- ^ v & fjG -::? -. ·. , -.:. · - ·. .. ^ t joL'i- uer a

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Has the ratio of absorbable traction to weight that is approximately 5 to 10 times greater than the best for Time available steel wires.

A uniform wearing of all components is achieved in the tensile stress transmitter according to the invention by a uniform Orientation of all elements achieved.

liine execution form of a tensile stress transmission according to the invention provides components that tear when exposed to different loads, so that a telemetry system is in shape e: a uniform tension transmission link geen will.

W.it.era, Vorteilht.fte further development ß? Nc-rkn-ale representing the invention result ε: I from the patent claims and / or from (Χ · ι 5rlj; .ut (; some execution examples in the Beisr-hreibunf; and Zeicanuauj ;; the illustrated examples of execution represent beoonüU.: / ^ irv / eclraäi? ige constructions, so that their training must be regarded as oit aur! .- li-rfinaung © "

Pig. 1 a schiaatic representation . * 3 to explain the

Invention underlying problems; Pig. 2 is a the voltage E-Sehnungekurven of .Steel and glass - comparative diagram;

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Pig. 3 shows a tension transducer according to the invention in FIG

partially cut representation; Pig. 4 shows a section through the tension transformer

the line 4-4 in Pig. 3;
Pig 5 is a schematic side view of a device

Manufacture of a tensile stress transducer according to the invention;
6 shows an exploded view of components of the device according to Pig. 5 on a larger scale than

these, some of which are partial; l'ig, 7 one side view of another - * 3n execution form

after

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Fig. 1 shows only a few strands or threads. The central threads 10 are stretched and consequently shorter than the edge threads 12.

In the case of glass fibers or threads, the central threads 10 absorb the entire load and break before the edge threads 12 are loaded. The glass-made means strands 10 have no FlieSgrense so that sin same also aerst-öi't is., Do-in, the edge threads 12 completely nuts "as _T a. Their high tensile strength iiberhaupfc not sur of them manufactured cable at break effect Kommo "when 7-3rwendung of steel is different, because the central threads 10 stretch the situation% ^v Oellig at achieving the Flieögrsnze and laiolgedessen longer v / ground the ßinh to dio Ü'b} rSF.. hr-JiTT: ng d.sr JPiessgrenae xisohlisSönde leachung gestcv ^ v; it ... oass the twine 12 also open lawc'aer ..-. 3.): La ill? ' ■ olfadvü 10 r} 'i £ en nicfcCp so äa3 4is entire; änorimm. ;; i ~: - \ Falla of steel

can
e.rifc maximal Las- '"on ns one» / V / emn also eii o ^ ahlkaoel e iniaal aiihr als eine -gew'.ssG Kindestla & t nv.ini?) iat. · r, -i -α ^ -: Ί - ;: ... -ille fibers or threads burden '».

It is different with sinem of fiberglass or · - threads L: jrges shared Zugspannungsubersragers since there the einselnsrx Mdon iicht by sine easy load in ^this?!? kondit; Lonl3rten ^:? . Affirmative v? rs-ow v / ground Izonnen "For this errslühon au, MUB ÜGaer

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Condition of the glass fibers solion in the Hera division of the cable or the like. Be brought about and not only after it Manufacture through a load.

In contrast to the relatively seldom use of glass fibers in tension-transmitting members, steel was widely used in cables or the like, although it has a significantly lower tensile strength than glass. This is a consequence of the elongation of the steel following its flow limit, according to which, from a certain length of time onwards, all individual wires or strands would wear. Those individual wires that exceed the yield point first, continue nehmon some traction on _t if the other Einseldräifo with de *
Start load transfer »

As FIG. 2 shows, a steel wire has a yield point
at approximately 1 $ elongation, the steel takes a higher load until the elongation at break is reached at 4 # 8 #. On the other hand, the glass has no yield point, and so does it
consequently reaches the elongation at break at a maximum elongation of 5t4 $> *

To the technical progress of the IP *

Considerable technical progress is thereby achieved «

special
that as a result of the / arrangement of a lecture hall of threads or fibers

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a uniform tension tension transmission link created is, in which all single threads or fibers are loaded essentially cohesively and in a new way into one Are embedded in the matrix

In a first, in ^: the Pig «3 and 4 shown

Guide form of the tensile stress according to the invention Transmission links increase the risk of individual tearing.

Fibers or threads excluded, although this limb is one

can take maximum load «With this version essentially all single threads or fibers are previously in have been brought to the "conditioned" state so that they absorb the total load at the same time and approximately evenly.

For this purpose, a tension transmission member 24 has a core 26 . This is composed of a large number of continuous glass threads 28 - threads from analogous materials can also be used - all of which are arranged in such a way that they are of the same length and are compactly next to each other. "

In this exemplary embodiment, the individual glass threads originate 28 of strands as they are available in fiber optics stores. These are made by undressing 150 and more individuals Glass fibers obtained from a glass crucible. The endless ones

Pipes or threads are so fine that they are a few lan per kg

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have length

The continuous load are combined to form a strand of, for example, 150 threads through a Sammelsehuh and held together by a binder.

During the formation of the threads, they are all under the same tension, which depends on the pull-out speed, the Viscosity of the molten glass from which it is made will * and other factors depends on «Bas resulting Product is a bundle or strand of! Threads in which all drawers are arranged parallel to each other; the single ones Threads are not twisted either.

In the normal processing of these threads for textile purposes, they are the prefabricated strands or other. and removed about 4 times or more over a length of 10 cm twisted while being wound on a supply spool will. Such supply spools are used in the manufacturing method according to the invention According to the invention, the basic idea is also to use the prefabricated strands directly, which are not twisted To show threads "

As FIG. 4 shows, the endless glass threads "29 are au Strands 30. summarized. As mentioned earlier, the Glass thread 28 preferably part of strands 30 as they are for

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textile purposes wound up on storage reels «earth. For the invention, strands are preferred in which 4 twists are provided per 10 om length «

TJm the individual glass threads 28 in the same longitudinal orientation

Keeping lines as well as in diohter packing is a screw-pin shaped arranged wrapping strand 32 is provided. This is wound up after the essentially stretched strands 30 have been impregnated with an embedding resin and carefully shaped so that they can be used with a suitable Dux'chmesser have and have a certain resin content. As will be described below, this is achieved by: that the impregnated strands 30 through a circular Formed triangles with a special diameter lead out with all strands under carefully controlled tension.

The Uinwicklimgsstrang 32 is applied after the substantially straight strands were passed through a first shaping hopper 30 'so da3 their compact arrangement RNID their orientation ₅ v / IE by Clen shaping hopper set wirdj remains permanently "

Furthermore, a thin coating 34 made of pure hair is provided.

da-Whose thickness is carefully controlled by that, the one with

the core provided with the wrapping strand by a second

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Formed triohter of a beetinmten diameter guided through will. The resinous coating 34 protects the surface of the threads of the finished cable or the like from wear and weathering.

A particularly preferred embodiment is described below:

This tension transmission link became twenty-two Strands are made, each of which is a variety of glass fibers

with
high tensile strength and such a diameter that these threads have a length of thirty kilometers per kilogram. Each strand was twisted four times on a large of ten inches and contained a resin-compatible binder. A Streng was used as a helical unwinding rope.

An epoxy resin of the type was used to make the matrix Oiba 6005 with boron trifluoride as hardener. This is a standard Ciba epoxy resin.

The tension transmission member thus produced withstood a static load of one hundred and twenty-eight kilograms up to elongation at break. The extrapolation is 19 * 5 kg per cm for the sung tension transmission link and 41.6 kg

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per cm for the glass alone. The diameter of the tension transmitting member was approximately 0.1 µm and the loss on ignition was 27.4 #.

In this embodiment, all of the strands are arranged essentially straight, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. However, the individual strands within the tension transmission link 24 each have a twist over a length of 10 cm. As a result, the individual threads are actually not completely barley.

According to the invention, essentially any glass and any compatible resin can be used to produce the new stress transmission members. The proportion of the glass can be between $ 90 and about 25 are i <>, the resin accounted whereas between about $ 10 and 75 can have.

In the exemplary embodiment just described, the individual strands had approximately one twist per 10 cm length. However, the number of twists is not a critical factor of the tension transmission link according to the invention, since this number can be between zero and forty twists per 10 cm length.

As can be seen from the preceding description, the uniform loading of all threads is a consequence of the same

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expansion
Longitudinal / this päd. In this way, all threads contribute to the intended use ".

The density or the specific weight of the tensile stress transmission members according to the invention is approximately 1.7. With regard to the ratio of maximum absorbed tensile stress to weight, the stress transmission members according to the invention are approximately five times more resistant than the finest piano string in air. Piano strings have a density of about 7.

According to the lower specific gravity and the high one A cable according to the invention contributes to its tensile strength usual suspension even with a length of almost 37 km.

The results are even better in water. As a result of the low density, the buoyancy is extraordinarily noticeable _p so that the tension transmission element according to the invention is approximately ten times stronger, considering the ratio of tensile strength to weight, a3, s the wire of an alternating string β

It must be emphasized that the Harss dor Matrix contributes to that the load is distributed over the threads. As a result, the resin is an essential part of the present invention

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Construction. It transfers and distributes the load of one thread on the neighboring threads

In the following, an embodiment of a device according to the invention for manufacturing a tensile stress transmission member is explained, specifically with reference to the Pig. 5 and 6.

The method according to the invention has the following method steps:

orientation

A) The lengthways / several threads of the same length through, one

slight traction and the summarization su a pre-formed Strand that subsequently forms the core?

B) impregnating the core with a resin:

G) removing the excess resin by means of a first mold stripper;

D) applying a helically arranged winding strand;

E) Passing the core provided with the wrapping cord through a second molding machine _s and

3?) Hardening the mass.

Like the fig. 5 seigt, the device is a slip-on gate 36 on j that holds several supply spools * As above The example described above serves twenty-two Supply spools of the feeder from svreiimäzwanzig Strands 50. Each strand 30 is subject to the same leiuhfeen

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Pull · This * purpose is used for tensioning devices 40.

Mused the strands 30 by means of a Sammlerringeε 44 adjacent Ih substantially in the stretched form into a pre-formed cable 42 "uaammengefaßt · from Sammlerring44 out, the rope 42 a resin-impregnating bath supplied 46 'As already said" suitable resin contains an epoxy resin (Ciba 6005 ) with boron trifluoride as hardener. The Hars-Xiapregnation bath 46 is located in a container 48 which has several fauoh sticks 50. The rope 42 is passed under at least one of these dip rods and so guided into the bath to form a coating of liquid resin,

The resin impregnation bath 46 is suitably heated, which is achieved by a hot plate 52 happens. A temperature between 150 and 200 ° F is typical

After being immersed in the resin impregnation bath 46, the rope is passed through a first forming funnel 54. This has a conical hole (Fig. 6) one of the rope 42 - has adapted diameter. Different shape funnels are therefore required for different rope thicknesses Passage of the resinous rope 42 through the first forming funnel excess resin is removed so that the resin

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Salary dee Seilee is controlled.

Tom first Formtriohter from the rope runs over several Hetallstäbe 56 or the like. _F which are arranged above a drip pan 58. When the impregnated rope runs over the metal rods, all the threads contained therein are moved so that they are completely wetted by the resin.

Thereupon the covered rope passes a »wide onion lawyer 60 (Flg. 6), the aue a ringblook made of steel with a conical hole of the same diameter in the end of a supply spool 62, which the Pormtriohter l & i a "... annular funnel alder 64 inserted into this end and a clamp socket 66 holds

The supply reel 62 contains a torrent of a continuous strand which can have between zero and four twists per 10 om length. The supply reel is mounted on a rotatable tube 68 (FIG. 5) which is suitably supported. A motor 70 is arranged parallel to the bore 68 and carries a drive pulley 72. A driven pulley 74 is attached which is coupled to the pulley 72 via a drive belt 76. The motor YO drives the pipe 68 and the supply spool in the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow. In the same way

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therefore also rotates the "wide foratriohter"

During the duraligang dee-covered rope 42 by the rotating second 9ormtriohter 60 , a cord 32 is pulled off the supply spool and inserted into the end of the JFormtriohtere 60.By turning the supply spool 62 and the 3-shape funnel 60, the wrapping strand is wrapped around the core 26 in a helical manner as does the Pig. 3 shows.

! By adjusting the speed of rotation of the supply spool 62 and the second hopper 60 according to the feed speed of the rope 42 forming the core 26 can have a corresponding number of turns of the wrapping strand can be achieved per unit of length. In a particular embodiment the individual turns have a distance of about 6 mm from each other, so that over a length of 10 cm about 16 turns of the wrapping cord are omitted.

The number of turns is, however, not critical, so that between four and forty turns of the winding strand on 10 cm length of the core 26 can be omitted. The number of course also depends on the diameter of the core 26.

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The effect of the umwioklungsstranges 32 consists in the fixation equal lengths and a double pack of dtr threads in the Strands 30 "which form the core 26" also lasts The Umwiolclungeetrang the complete tension transmission link behind the "wide Pormtriohter 60 on the same The diameter with which the completed tension transmission link leaves this shape tri-element 60. Also carries the Umwloklungsstrang to increase the tensile strength of the stress transmission link at · However, its main task is the Fixing the dimensions of the core 26 and the orientation of the GXaβ threads 28 and the strands 30 of the core. Of the Umvloklungsstrang 32 is protected by a thin bar cover (34 (Pig. 3 and 4), which is sucked by the "wide Form Triohter 60 over the Umwloklungsstrang ·

Although circular trotters have been described »can at whose place within the scope of the inventive concept also Pormtriohter with other designed openings are used, for example oval and polygonal Pormtriohter.

Then the Buaammengeeeten tension transmission member 78 has left the tube 68 * it runs into a first furnace 80 a. In this there is a pre-hardening temperature of approximately 350 ° P. A residence time between approximately 5 and 16 seconds is usually enough for the epoxy. harden au. In a second oven 8? see the final

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Ultimate hardening temperature clay, for example 600 ° F, at which the Bpoxynars described in & 1 · μβ example hardens completely in an essentially identical stay. Je & ooh are both the feaperatures ale auoh. stays Rarely · presented merely as examples beetlimaen In other AuBfUhrungsbeiepielen dae bars "of Durohmesser of mimwiengeBetBten übertiftsuigsglledee and other factors, the conditions under which _t takes place the cure.

Instead of a bar, however, you can also use molten metals serve as a matrix so that no curing ovens are required are.

.Bas hardened, sniwi — tightest epannunge transmission link is wound onto a sheet 86, which is secured by suitable Drive means is rotated. The reel is removed at periodic intervals when it is rolled.

A further device according to the invention is intended to follow Particularly as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

The mode of action is essentially the same as the yorbeeohrebenen exemplary embodiment. However, there are several here Supply spools 62 mounted so that their strands as wrapping strands 32 djaien. A greater variety of wraparound assemblies can be made in this manner.

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A slip-on gate, not shown, carries this large number of supply spools, also not shown, of which Strands 30 are withdrawn. Tensioning devices 40 are applied in the same manner in the embodiment previously described, so that all of the strands under stand the same tension.

As in FIG. 5, the same resin impregnation bath 46 is used, although a heating plate is not shown here. The first mold holder 54 is on a holder assembled. A tube 92 to which a disk 94 is attached is rotatably mounted in a carrier 90. This points a hub 97 for connecting to the tube 92 on the disc 94 carries a plurality of supply spools 62, of which strands of winding 32 can be deducted. These are fed back through each supply spool 62 and then go through Lttoher 95 in the disk 94 therethrough. Every strand of development runs on it 32 over a tensioner 91 and then through holes 93 in the pipe so that they are wound around the core 26 in a helical manner. In the same way as in the previous exemplary embodiment, a motor 70 with a belt » soheibe 72 is provided, the latter by means of a drive belt 76 drives a pulley 74 so that the tube 92 and consequently also the pulley 94 rotate by the motor is moved.

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In this way, the core 26 is provided with the winding strands 32 as it passes through the tube 92. The second forming funnel 60 is arranged at a distance so that a final size is determined immediately after the wrapping strands 32 have been applied. The hardening and winding through ovens 80 and 82 and the reel 86 are carried out as in the previous embodiment. In practice, the second hopper 60 has a diameter that is 0.05 to 0.13 mm larger than that of the first hopper. This urine funnel creates the round shape of the cross-section of the tension transmission member, and also ensures a tight packing and the same longitudinal orientation of all threads.

As the previous description has shown, this is true The method according to the invention has the following process steps:

1) Several strands of thread / ground using tension

arranged side by side so that they have the same longitudinal / exhibit. In this way a multifilament core is produced in which each thread is oriented so that it absorbs the same load, and the strands have essentially the same orientation *

2) In the form, the core is covered with a hardenable embedding material soaked · A thermosetting resin is preferred. However, within the scope of the invention, I can also use melting materials or other embedding materials

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March 9, 1966 y - processed will. This process closes the Movement of the individual threads ensures that the resin or the like wets all threads.

3) Sem impregnated core is given a certain cross-sectional shape and dimension. This is done through Hindu pulling The core can then be reached through a suitable nozzle, which eliminates the need for tight packing of the threads and removal Resin causes. In other words, the ratio of glass to resin is determined. In addition, the Core can be moved accordingly in order to improve the wetting of the threads by the resin.

4) The following process step is of paramount importance and serves to fix the properties of the product « In this process step, the core is provided with a helically arranged wrapping strand. Either on the same side or immediately afterwards, the cable is pulled through a second forming funnel, to give it the exact cross-section you want. The closer to the implementation of this procedure it may be desirable to have the production of the final cross-section at the same time as the application of the dee or the Umwicklungslagern to carry out, but it is also possible, as shown in FIG. 7, the final dimension immediately after the application of the winding strand to be determined. In addition, in this process · »

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Eohrltt a certain amount of the meferix material overly Brewed over the surrounding strand, ao that the surface threads are protected against abrasion and weathering.

5) In addition, the matrix material is hardened. in the In every application a "hardenable harses" follows this with the use of heat and / or catalysts. In general, there is a matrix material that can be expanded by increasing the temperature, for example in the case of urine and urine Metals «are exposed to these in the molten state. brought and then cooled.

6) The last step in the procedure is not a winding up on a reel or the like 8 Tension transfer as well as if it is sufficiently flexible Matrix is to prefer this type of Baokungs. For larger ones In the case of diameters and stiff matrix material, it is not necessary to wind it up, so that it is necessary to cut it to certain lengths and to bundle it c is.

Some application examples for the voltage transmission element according to the invention are explained below.

Hie Yig · 9 shows a voltage transmitting member for electrical Ladder · This is one of the most meaningful uses of games of the invention, usually has a good electrical

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Head a relatively low tensile strength what especially applies to copper, aluminum and silver.

Lead-coated cables are special when it comes to telephone cables Ladders so heavy that they cannot support themselves. As a result, steel cables are commonly used used for carrying, in which case the conductors are clamped and suspended under the cables. It goes without saying but also extremely heavy steel.

In accordance with the present invention, these cables can be made much lighter because they bind four times better than steel in terms of tensile strength to weight ratio.

In Fig. 9 3Sb, a conductor 96 is shown, which is made of aluminum or Can be copper. An insulating cover 98 of rubber or similar material is provided around the conductor 96. One or more pull cords 100 according to the invention are embedded in these. These are very light and have a extremely high tensile strength so that they are able to support a great length of the conductor with considerable weight

Such a design of an electrical cable is special with vertical installation; for example under the

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Surface of the ocean beneficial. Usual catfish does this Weight of a long cable itself to break it. The pull ropes according to the invention are light, also plays a role for them the lift in relation to the weight is considerable Role. Likewise, the cables according to the invention can also be used as Kabol hanging freely above the surface of the earth is used.

In Pig. 10 shows another embodiment of an electrical cable according to the invention. The bodies 96 and "b covered by an insulating coating 98 and the ^head: younges Liib within the Isolierübersugss a Sugsoil 100 at & v ·} assigns. If it is desirable to hold a ^ wiijoluingll-.jil 10.2 ö.ngoor & nec v / ground ρ around the loiter 96 under the pull rope 100. This is particularly advantageous ... if uor insulation over. g 98 aicht ^ i υ ei f is enough.

Other uses for the product according to the invention are movable se «.. Im -} .

With regard to the PrLg. 9 and H) the detailed examples shown could be made of oil. ? vriin johensi-; erb be that the lift cords pass the current "According to the SrfinclTmg can diα'3 achieved by v / _f Gi'den that an electric current leltando matrix in dom erfindungsgemälBen rope used

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In the illustrated in Figures "9 and 10 Ausführungsbeiapielen it may be advantageous to coat the tension cables ₉ with a Sehmiermittel 100, makes it possible. That ßich the lift cords within the Isolierüberauges when bending or move lengths of the coating / can.

Another embodiment of the invention provides a Zugapensionatransmission member before, in which certain threads break at an initial load that is below the maximum tensile strength of the SpHimgsüberti'agii / igs member lies. This serves as a kind of warning device.

A first way - to produce "inas 5such3n SpavinungaTransferungsgliadesj consists in: = because 3 a 3Wh ?; Ans-eh1 from

n is vorgessiien are ädsn _a the kiirsüÄ · than the others? 'ο ο In this Weiae will be drawn this Eisten thread in signal beirj breakage.,

In one embodiment, the glass thread is grasped according to the 3rfi-: iau-igr, gsraä3 "n Tsrfahr en au3 <am2ien ~ and that forming the matrix" ears me partially hardened. The so formed learn many more 130 threads with essential resin added * This ground ζντ? .Ί different £ ^; i "uppsn of threads with" / different in Xilingen, \ iras su your result leads that the one i-fiden before

? 7 «009809 / 0A15

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A 34 980 b

b -93

March 9, 1966

break the other.

When attaching the second threads, at least one helically arranged wrapping strand is applied around the To achieve orientation and tight packing of the threads. The entire mass is then hardened.

One set of threads breaks when the load increases first, so that the "exceeding a limit load" signal is emitted «. But the cable always carries still.

The teaching according to the invention can be varied in many ways » For example, different Harae and / or Släe.er be used in the first and second components., In addition, changed curing conditions can result in different Lead strength properties. In addition, a Steel wire with a lower elongation at break in the tension transmission link installed so that its breakage gives a warning signal.

In a further exemplary embodiment, proceed as follows « First, one is provided with a wrapping cord Core produced according to the method described above. In doing so, appropriately oriented strands are placed side by side arranged and impregnated with resin, v / o up them by a

009809 / 0Λ15 ~ 28 -

BATH ORIGINAL

A 34 980 b

b - 93 '

March 9, 1966 ■ · - 2Ö -

A *

Form funnels are pulled through so that the superfluous Resin is removed, in the process of which all strands are carefully oriented along their entire length. Sarauf will a helical winding is provided and this covered with resin · Then the resin of this hater is partially hardened «

The component produced in this way is then let through the system once more, whereby it is treated as follows: like a core strand. This component becomes arranged in the center and the other strands attached around it so that they are next to each other. the newly added strands are soaked with resin and the excess resin is removed by means of a molding funnel On top of this, another strand of wrapping is applied and impregnated with resin, whereupon the hardening of the whole mass takes place connects.

When loading this voltage transmission member, the briöht inner core first. The reason for this is not exactly known, but it is believed that the two passes through the manufacturing facility and / or the manner of curing the resin are the cause that the initially summarized Strands are oriented more precisely in the longitudinal direction, although they are not under tension, than this is on the outer strands of the pail. As a result, the

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BATH ORIGINAL

inner strands initially take on the load and consequently break in front of the outer »

In the following, further application examples of the invention are intended Explained Becoming

For the production of woven cables, several tension transmission elements according to the invention can be lived together. ExampleBWeiss k & wi S5 to which a core can be made »whose ϊ-fetrix is only partially hardened '·' Tollet - completely hardened tension transmission members are then wrapped around this core> to create a woven cable. The matrix of the core is then completely hardened ₉ so that the outer liugspannungstransmission links are attached to the core.

In. Modification of the described embodiment example the matrix materials of both the core and the outer Stress transmission links are only partially hardened, before the cable is formed * The final hardening will be then only after the cable has been formed

It might not be desirable to lower the core from one material To produce drawability »so that it is only as well as serves as j? orin, around which the outer train « tension transmission links sohraubenlinienfönnig around

009801/04 11 - 30 -

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A54 98 Ob

b - 93

9. Mure 1966 JO - t * O -

can be wrapped. As a result, tubes such as hylon, paper or the like can be used for this . Suitable covering materials serve to protect the surface against wear and weathering

It has been found that as the diameter of the finished tension transfer member for a given thread count decreases, the tensile strength increases. As a result, in terms of tensile strength, stress-transferring rings are equivalent or better in diameter.

Ear-like thin tension transmission members are particularly suitable for wrapping because they are flexible because of their flexibility wound very tightly. Besides, they're good at attached to each other - // ground "by adding small amounts of a Adhesive before, before or after the tfmwickaln by a Pressing in the Klsbs'joffea applied v / ground.

Wrapping with stiffer and, in terms of diameter, larger spam transmission links is also possible and produces surprising results. Since when the tension transmission links are wrapped around larger diameters of the outer threads under tension and the inner sheaths are under compressive tension, the inner wrapping withstands such a pressure outer threads already under tension

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▲ 34 980 b

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9th Mars 1966

standing and as a result now receiving loads without having to move verifiable.

Ser-like wraps can also take up external pressures well, since the outer threads are under tension and take up loads until the wrap pushes itself through. In addition, the inner layers of the winding are also under compressive stress - so that they too withstand the external load «

Wrapping with a woven splint is advantageous because the threads in the outer elevations are also under tension like the threads in the inner areas on d: lo Epanmngstibemahne i3agic:; onc

The above-ovi chrieb3nen up out igjbe: lapiole wurclsn reference to the Verv.-eiidung of Glcafiiden and epoxy erlüutr-rt. However, the crfinduiigsceräßr. Varf ^ lire ^ also atif pädens ai-.e metal _r Ha:;. ^ Oix and others! 'Ateri r.licn ^ facing v; eiöen. "Vo}; l i. ^ Rchccische H" .rze., Elastomers, v; ie Oxiiimi _r shells and anr · - ¹ ; " ¹ ·.) W ..; ?? katoffe can serve as matrix files _e Bövorsugt \ i:) riicu, "adccii aineralir.C'jc V-ldri and Ρε-.sern, inabosondere Cr: .aF: 'ailf.ii.

- 32 -

009809/04 15 _{BATHROOM 0R1Q1NAL}

Δ 34 980 b

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March 9, 1966

As described above, the resin has always been hardened after the composite stress transfer member has passed through the second urine funnel * According to the In accordance with the invention, however, it is also possible to carry out a brief partial hardening, preferably on the surface; after the first Perform Formtriehter.

According to the invention it is also possible to produce strands of different diameters for the production of the invention To use tension transfer members. Thus, strands of larger diameter can be used to create half of the core are used, while the remainder is composed of strands of smaller diameter.

It is also the use of different types of glass or similar materials possible. For example, threads made of E ~ glass can be used to create one half of the core and S-glass threads for the other half of the core Find use.

Dar-like additions lead to laminated construction elements, which can be used as coil or leaf springs. Such a spring also acts as a shock absorber, among other things.

, -33 -

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BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Tension transmission element, in particular pull rope, daa aich consists of several continuous veins or threads composed by the fact that at least the Several of the threads have the same lengthways donning natwd a throwing material having a flow limit, and that these threads are next to each other in the stretched state are arranged 2. Tension transfer member according to claim 1, characterized in that '. ■ ..- ■■ -. ...- "■■ ^.; ■" - ■ "a - ■. '■■■' ■■ ' indicates> that at least preferably helical lines " like wrapping thread guided around the threads is provided is, 5, voltage transformer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threads in a hardenable are embedded * 4 Voltage transmission link according to one or more of the preceding claims »characterized in that the Threads made from a mineral material are * 5. S | Man "and" transfer "link according to claim. 5 or 4, thereby that the matrix material before hardening wetted «, _Λ ■. \ « « Ö09809 / Q41S, ₅₄ . BATH i 34 980 1 » & - 93 9th era 1966 6. Tension transfer member according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized by a matrix material which adheres to the strands after hardening. 7 · Tension transfer member according to one or more of the Addresses 4 to 6, characterized in that the pads Glass threads are " 8. Voltage transmission member according to one or more of the Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a strand of thread is wrapped around the strands forming a core 9. voltage transmission member according to one or more of claims 3 to 3, characterized in that »that the matrix material Synthetic resin is * 10 · Tension transmission link according to claim 9, characterized in that that the synthetic resin is epoxy resin. ;, 11. About voltage ^ ragungeglied Naeh one or more of, y "i £ preceding claims, characterized in that, as _n ^ dif filaments of the core are approximately rectilinear. st r: ο voltage transfer element after one or more.enk der - _v «■. · ^ preceding claims «characterized in that. . ■ . '... 0098Ö9 / OÄ1S - 35 - BATH ORIGINAL A H 980 * * - 93 March 9, 19i6 at least two groups of threads are seen, of which the one goal breaks when the tensile load increases. 13. The voltage-free overexcitation element according to claim 12, characterized in that AaB one thread group is shorter than the other Jsfc. 14 · Method of manufacturing the tension transmission link naoh one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one group of threads, which under Tension stand, brought together in a core, the core held sueejuaen and old a hardenable material is soaked, whereupon the material is hardened. 15 · The method according to claim 14, characterized in that naoh Impregnation of the core removes excess hardenable material, a helical winding of at least a thread applied to the core and everything with hard-. material is sucked over. 16. The method naoh claim 14 or 15, characterized in that several strands composed of threads to form the core be grasped and stretched at the same time. 17. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims 14 to 16, characterized in that after the application ' 009809/0415 _, -? O -. BAD ORIGINAL ▲ 34 980 1) b - 93 9. Kars 1966 ^ · - 36 - of the screw-shaped connection at the same time bit dta Remove excess matrix material from this »dtr coating is produced, 18. Method for producing the tension transmission member according to the tests 12 and 13 »characterized in that the Threads of a first group joined together on a core and are thereby stretched, whereupon the threads of a large group grow old be combined with this core and oriented in such a way that the one thread group breaks before the other when the load increases, and that βchiieQIioh the threads of both groups are connected to one another. 19. The method according to claim 18 _f, characterized in that the threads of a thread group will be arranged in such a way that the length of the threads is different from that of the threads of the other thread group. 20. Device for carrying out the method according to one or several of claims 14 to 19, characterized by one Collector device for threads withdrawn from a supply or strands of thread, behind which an impregnation device mim impregnation if of the threads with the curable material forming a core are arranged, as well as one behind the impregnation device arranged molding device for removing excess Matrix materialβ. 0Q9809 / 0A16 *. 37 - BATH ORIGINAL Λ 34 980 * 9 Mar * 1966 $ + -M- 21 «Device according to claim 20, characterized in that a winding device for wrapping the core with a thread or strand of thread is arranged behind the shaping device is" 22. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that a second forming device is provided behind the winding device is ο 23. Mnx'iohtung according to one or more dsr claims 20 to 22, ci & uroh marked; that the molding devices form " irian lands 24. Binri.iihtuac after one odor several over claims 20 to 23, £ 3k @: xazeiiii net by a before d ^ r hv i - "'«! "" Device angecrdnate Sp £ / nnvorriohtUT.'. G for the P & cl: : a vein strands of thread " 23, Jim: * Lchtung _t according to one or more of claims 21 to 24 »characterized in that the V / i ekel device rotatable about an axis ei.no- Eotor with a loaxialen with this axis hole aur receiving the cores comprises" and that oar .Rotor is provided with a supply of a thread or a strand of thread. -. 38 -009809/0416 BATH ORIGINAL ▲ 34 980 b D - 93 March 9, 1966 ^ A - 36 - 26. Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the second shaped triangle is connected to the dome rotor in a coaxial arrangement . 27. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the eotor is a thread or thread bobbin " 26. Device according to claim 27 «characterized in that the second form triohter with the front free end of the coil connected iso 29 · Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the rotor outside the axis of rotation several opposite dom Rotor carries rotatable thread or strand bobbins whose axis of rotation! Are parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. 30. A device according to claim 29 'characterized in that the second shaping hopper is arranged such that the core provided with the winding passes through in. 0Q98Q9 / CH16 bad original Blank page