DE1496007A1 - Method and device for bending glass plates - Google Patents

Description

^{P 613} J.

Munch "

Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, Pittsburgh / Pennsylvania (USA) Process and equipment for bending glass sheets Addition to patent application P 50 218

The invention relates to the bending of glass sheets and constitutes an improvement or modification of the method and device for bending glass sheets which The subject of the pending patent application P 30 218 is.

There is currently a need, particularly in the automotive industry, for glass panels with multiple curvatures, ie the glass panels are curved in both the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction * and therefore do not have any rectilinear elements. It is of course possible to provide glass plates with such curvatures in such a way that the plates are suspended by means of pliers and pressed between a male mold and a female mold. In addition to this method, bending in a horizontal position of the glass plate under the influence of its own gravity was used, with only the band having a so-called "hanging" -

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¹¹ R ing "-form comes into contact with the glass to be bent, which is formed under the action of heat as a result of hanging, which process is sometimes supported by force mosques exerted by movable mold sections. Mese processes have the disadvantage that between Contact must be made between the glass plate to be bent and solid objects such as pliers or 3-shaped surfaces.

In the above-mentioned patent application, a method for bending glass plates is described, according to which a glass plate at a deformation temperature, however, a support bed formed by a gas, which ^{supports the glass plate at least to 1} PEH, the supporting outline of the support bed along at least one part the movement path changed, and that the glass plate provided with the new curvature and still at least partially supported by the gases is brought to cool intended. According to the present invention, the path of movement of the glass plate is curved in the longitudinal direction, and the glass plate is lowered. the deformation temperature cooled while it is at least partially supported by the gases along the path of movement. In this way a compound curvature can be achieved «

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each element of the glass plate produced running in the direction of movement is curved, has a single Hadius and therefore at least one cylindrical curvature, the axis of which is transverse to the path of movement of the glass plate. In addition, the glass plate is preferably verlaufen- in a direction transverse to the movement path

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curved direction. Such a compound curvature can can be created by a relative movement between a glass plate and a support bed with the desired outline. Hence can a glass plate heated to the deformation temperature can be provided with a multiple curvature in such a way that the glass plate is guided over a support bed, the flat upper side of which gradually curves into the desired shape that the finished sheet of glass should have. Since every element of the glass plate, which extends in the direction of movement, has a single radius of curvature, so the glass plate in the final shape can be passed through a subsequent cooling zone without change will. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore has a final forming bed and a cooling bed whose shape consists essentially of a surface part 11 of a toroid. For this purpose, the invention envisages an oven with a flat Vorneizabechnitt, e.g. an orphan's bed, a flat one Helsabschnitt bit a gas bed, a transition zone in which the outline of the gas support bed changes laterally as well as in the longitudinal direction of the movement path to a final composite curvature, a final zone which determines the shape a cooling zone follows with upper and lower beds facing each other, from which a coolant flows out. The hot form-determining Sole bed and the cooling sun beds have curvatures, which are desired in the finished glass plate. The elements of the shape-determining η and the cooling zone, which run in the direction of movement of the glass, have a single badge, while! the curvature of the beds is fixed transversely to the movement path, However, it does not need to form a cylindrical outline, i.e. has a single badias around the movement path.

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Bas toroidal bed can form a path of movement, its height changes in the vertical sighting (i.e. the bed can begin at a certain height and bend downwards in the sighting of the glass movement, or the bed can point upwards and begin to curve to the horizontal) Reach the apex and then continue downwards, whichever shape is desired if the radius of curvature is relatively small, since this makes the angle of any rope the trajectory with the horizontal is kept small), or the bed can run at a single height and itself Bend laterally in the direction of movement of the glass, or? it a combination of these two arrangements can also be used.

The glass is heated in the pre-heating zone to a temperature that is slightly below the temperature at which the glass deforms (the deformation temperature of commercial soda, lime, and clay glass is approximately $ 25 ° G, taking into account the te! the present procedure «, considered tents), νυβΔ. weÄ fcs driven orphans carried and promoted. During this first hot cut with a gas bed, the temperature of the slab is raised to a deformation "temperature of s ·! * 65O ⁰ O by radiant heat that is applied from above and by convection" and radiant heat, dli from below and you raw dft The glass is transported through the middle of the gas ragalmon of the furnace by powered f urdsj * wheels which are in contact with a can of the glass. J>& a game supporting bed i * £ lieff under "l"#a flftfcei of about 5 * In besug to 41 $ Horizontal seltnen gentigfc _t which serve Art dtr transport is ernöglioht, let the

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Temperatures at which the glass plates Ib initial heating section If the bed is heated, the glass plates fit without Difficulties in the form of the bed in the transitions »one and in the hot form-determining key zone. Ib Kühlabsohnitt «ground the glass plates cooled and tempered with the aid opposing flows of a coolant, e.g. the environment β, after which the glass plates from the gas support bed in the from removed from this generated shape.

In one embodiment of the invention, a variety of clay is evenly distributed zones with a uniform Nominal print provided on the underside of the glass plate, «elcher Sufficient pressure to support the treated glass plate element. The gas flows from a storage container under one higher pressure in these zones and is throttled evenly between the reservoir and each zone, thereby increasing the flow restricted. Each zone forms a support surface unit in in relation to the glass plate to be supported, and each zone has a projection surface on the edge that corresponds to the reference surfaces of the others Zones in one level. Within each zone that becomes out The gas entering the reservoir is distributed after the throttling in such a way that the presence of locally limited jet currents perpendicular to the reference surface is avoided and the rest of the pressure and the flow is balanced under normal operating conditions. Precautions are taken to ensure that · the gas to everyone Zone can escape if it is covered by the glass. In operation, the amount of water from the storage tank will be in each zone flowing gas is kept at a level at which the Duroh- • ohnittsepielraum svisohen the reference surface and the supported Glass plate not smaller than 0.025 ■ * and not larger than 1.25 = »

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and normally no greater than about 0.6 mm is £ ^; Ju? a glass with a thickness τοη 3.2 am and "or in every case & eats more than 50 - 90% of the bead of the supported glass"

The heating of the glass on the gas carrier bed is suitably carried out in such a way that a controlled mixture of gas and air is burned, with the hot combustion products in the storage container or in a main chamber are directed »which supplies the support zones, and that ii * the heat added to the glass in this way is supplemented, for example, by radiant heat from independent sources, which are generally the opposite side of the glass to the supported side.

. The invention will now be described in detail, Xn the accompanying drawings is the

? ig.1 a side view, partially set aside from the stern table a device for conveying, heating, bending and Cooling of glass plate parts according to the invention, 2 shows a detail from a top view of the arrangement with the preheating section, the heating section, the Cooling section, the relative locations of the burners, that direct the combustion gases to the main chambers and with the device for conveying the glass plates, Iig.3 a representation drawn to the rope as a section and sum rope as a side view, essentially according to the Line 3-3 in Figure 1,

lig. 4 an image of the soematisoh drawn with the fur Representation of the cooling off, whereby felle des this section following deduction agreement have been omitted,

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5 shows a side view partly drawn as a section dee support bed consisting of nozzle heads, whereby the relationship of the nozzle heads to the main chamber and a version of the nozzle heads is shown, 6 shows a plan view of a nozzle head of the support bed,

which is divided into separate sub-chambers, Figure 7 is a section along the line 7-7 in Figure 6 and the 8 shows a schematic drawing, partly drawn as a section Representation showing the construction and the arrangement of the nozzle head bed and the individual nozzle heads of the Cooling section shows.

Figures 1 and 2 show a device that is used for heating flat glass parts to the deformation temperature or at a higher temperature, e.g. at a temperature at which curved and tempered glass plates can be "grounded," oak Glass plates are then cooled and sent to a rebate conveyor led "earth", from which the finished curved glass plates are removed "earth. The individual sections that make up the Rolletindige system consist of a Walsen-Vorheiiabeohnltt A, in which the glass Rollers transported between radiant heaters «that Glass torches are low at a suitable temperature below the deformation temperature, from a heating failure B, in which the glass parts carried by a flow of hot gases and means of a belb drive that is "pus-fed" only at the edges this attacks glass parts, with additional heat being supplied from radiation sources above and inside the glass, until the glass has a sufficiently high temperature reaches mat, au rapidly cooled wi * d, while ·· between opposite

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agt ^ aäagt, ^ oaei the contribution by this kb- eohnitt also -aurcli contact with aea edges of the glass plate successful, uud üub «L-3i: · Äiml ± ei: & ± \ * ngBVulläZ." in? i ^; i ^ $ ü _; which the curved and tempered. & j, r. £ coi ^! -o au ^ dem küh, i. ^: ; ng8eoschnitt receives; uaa KUfo -aaa'iater ^ eaziw ^ - ^ orv conveyed. The n cut B ύχΛ & ΒιΛ siiiQ level Zq'us " ¹ O, eiA-3 over-12 uni a6 iormo ^ BfeisiL ^ uae svhlüaarone 14, in

the ebei ^ x. Gl ^ r-pltiiJtsr ·, lit the ^^ ans ^ soaped & räiuifc.un3 rerashen ^ sra ^ n »

The Vorej? I \ it £ ungß &bsehiiitt; 1 "^ represents; from von Walzeii. 16, which at the J-nd £ k ia encamp IS> uiien, ä ^ e voa the Längagliederü deE i ^ eohixewgtet ^ lls" ge manufactured. All rollers 16 weisea i'ührurgBjsip & geu £ C ivuf. d: .s ijf. * ^f ore.?hit; s5uasE section on «inand ^ r aligned sine -and the Ίίβε for the conveyance au« ßaahioIg & Mtn 3a * ati ⁴ & gbett regulun ^ sssemaB align, »Each roller nird iü dar iierkc» iamliohen lii «ies ^ty on - axaen ¹ Ä aotci? (nioLfc dai., ", fc ^{: 51} ^ lIt) from an ^ motivated." Eins ö 20 and a StrÄülaiigstodea, begteeMsd from einselüss. e lc "": tr lache a Hei subtleties, lead d? m TorerliitBUisgsabschiiitt Eusätxii cb.e Hit% £ xu.

The SriiiwigungsabSGhai ^ 'SB as "ieis ^ in üiengehäaee 25, which is inside a load-bearing frame with long girders 26 _s the post 27 and wl the post 27 and wl the post 29 rua ,, 2m furnace housing ^ 25 is a Stj * aliiungsd «cJce 30 and« in SferÄfciuag.eboa «n 32 mi's dvn la kera ^ isohti; Haltern 3 ^ anoj? Dset« n Hetzi »eüdc, v« iinlieit * £ 33 Torgiatfeeii,

rite Rn? *? 4. #) 2 Figti, x **. S. 1-J ϊ ^ _ tfv-jshec is; ^ efiadet ei ob. im üiengejiätte · 2 ^ d «i. Ä * riitEungsf.fe »ovens ^ *.« To bed 5β gun ?, dia »it low · *. Abttiiad -na «1αα & 4« ^ xu e ^.

9 0 9 8 0 7/003 "; BAI? ORiQUMAL

Mosaic are arranged. In the illustrated embodiment For example, the tops of all of the nozzle heads 37 are generally rectangular designed and located in a generating area bit of a predetermined Uarisa. The nozzle heads 37 are in on one another arranged following legs that curl the intended path of movement of the workpiece, with each leg bit of the path of movement forms an angle other than 90 ° and is at a small distance from the adjacent row. Each nozzle head 37 has a shaft 38, the cross-section of which is smaller than the upper part, and each shaft opens into a captain 40, the is located below the bed 36 and acts as a support member. (YgI.Fig.2) Each nozzle head is essentially closed off τοη an outflow zone and τοη the other nozzle head is separated.

The first section or the flat zone 10 is arranged at a height that the plane of the upper indices of the nozzle heads is parallel to the support height of the glass plate, however approximately the height of the gap swisohen the nozzle heads is located somewhat below this height, which level is from the top of the sponsored orphans 16 Ib pre-registration A is formed. Each main cable stands over passages 4-3 and the flexible ones Couplings 44 old five gas burners 42 in connection. The gas bed runs in a lateral direction in besug on the horizontal inclined at an angle of approximately 5 °, as shown in FIG is seen. On the lower beds of bed 36 there is a number arranged by uniform and disk-like drive members 46, dl sioh inwards and slightly above the support bed extend, attack only one edge of the work piece and this constantly carry on along the bust. Through the Several exhaust air ducts 48 protrude from the ceiling of the furnace housing

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and lead the exhaust air from de "stove in the limgebungsluft from" The drive members 46 are mounted on shafts _50% whose bearings are supported by the support members for the Kauptkammern. Each shaft 50 is driven by a shaft 52 and a motor drive shaft 55 via a coupling. The radiant heat is above and below the bed 36 from the B trafc lungedecke

32 and fed to the radiation tray. Ss fans are provided, the manifolds 56 for each main chamber door 40 and from there Supply compressed air to the grass burners 42. About drilling lines, not shown, is let into the burner 42 Sas. Each burner 42 consists of a so-called direct fired air heater. The combustion of the products in the combustion chamber of the burner creates a sufficiently high pressure in the main chambers which the nozzle heads with heated gas of uniform temperature and supplied with the same pressure.

The nozzle heads forming the support bed 36 are shown in FIG Fig. 5 shown in detail. Each nozzle head 37 is one Chamber open at the top. The upper end of each nozzle head forms a zone below a supported filesplatte, in which there is an essentially uniform pressure. The pressure will exerted by the gas which each nozzle head 37 "from the supporting Main chamber 40 is fed through the hollow supporting shaft 36 and through a plurality of openings 58, the connection between each chamber and the hollow shaft 42 manufacture. The openings 58 are arranged to prevent the pressurized gas from directly impacting the supported glass surface and make sure that the gas entering each comb watch with mixed with the gas that is already present, ensuring an evenly strong pressure on the upper edges of the nozzle head.

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In addition, the openings 58 cause a pressure drop from the interior the main chamber from inside the nozzle head.

In Figures 6 and 7 there is another embodiment itüsänkopfee 370 shown. This nozzle head is similar to the nozzle head 37, but is through the walls 371, 372, 373 and 374 in divided into four independent sub-chambers. Separate passages 375 connect between a hollow shaft and each sub-chamber of the nozzle head, so that each sub-chamber acts independently of the other chambers. Support is therefore provided when one of the sub-chambers is covered with glass.

In zone 10 of the support bed, the nozzle heads have the same height and form a flat support bed for a glass plate, which is carried by a gas flow from the nozzle heads will. In the shape-defining final zone 14- I changed the Height of the individual nozzle heads, and the main supporting chamber 40 is inclined downward in the sighting of the movement of the glass. The generating formed by the upper ends of the nozzle heads 37 Area in zone 14 represents a section through a toroid, that by rotating a segment of a circle or another planar one Curve is formed around an axis in the plane of said segment. Ss therefore creates a yerbund curvature with constant parameters (i.e. transverse and longitudinal radii of the curvatures) so that A glass plate that adapts to a part of the composite curvature adapts to all parts of the length of the movement path without a Change of outline · to learn.

Between the flat support bed of zone 10 and the toroidal bed of zone 14 is a transition zone 12, in the de? the upper surfaces formed by the nozzle heads gradually outlined themselves from a flat to a toroidal fora

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changes according to the zone 14 bed. All cables of the nozzle head at 36 in the transition zone 12 therefore gradually deviate in a vertical direction 70η from an earlier common longitudinal alignment, both along the path of movement and to it run, in various AusaaS from a ¥ he deviate forth orientation, and umm & Yerschieden © feile the glass plate, the length of the movement towards sslaasder out Fichte * ai £ &, allaählleh in the same a «« m # i £ abweichem, is & ii.i & ad the glass plate transported at a VerformaagatempfrcSttr w ± s and is aHaäklioh krüs-mt ^ dtp in fig.1 dargestelits is DA® üJragbeti; eo «oven in the cross

as well as in the Xänger Richtuns d # r Beisgungsbahn of the upward ίκοηιτβχ gekpüsat. Bi "fieie; ^ 4 * r Bäsenköpf" 37 gtäadart by DME® the fisfe of Bu.eeakopfkgmE9.rn Tsrmindert nird, wihreuÄ gastric atr Schaft® J8 in Yeueehiedenem "extent changed wsrden _$« obei the sn-Snd from the upper a% s Dteenköpfe 'designated area »alljaefelisli changed ^ ird. lassex-desi eats the Mauptkamats 40 ^ c aligned ^ d.ä »Is the direction of movement of the glass so inclined that a gradual curvature of the nozzle head piece in the lew« gungsjilelit * αη§ i @ s Oltstg exactly n ± 2a * Da { Every sweet head carries a dE * iü.'S ^ Ii © gend "2i ftli dss poison" in a bestlmaten intfcx'iiung 'mn <β # 1 & £ μ upper inde, so paaci the? Explorxbir "C? Xäs, sicfc & XiafefcIie & d # i- tor «d @ e bed an, Ar, d # a ir ^ itiEüngsftbsölisitt B concludes 3i ia the movement flow of the work piece of the cooling off Q & a (? gl * ilg.1v 2} '4 and εϊ -i' x 'Abühl'angiübsuknitt C t ·· 3itt von Süseaküpftn 60 & uf _$ the χα # in # s. are gis i dta l £ Mt £ H £ gB «eaetrigbett. ^ edtr Bäsenkopf S", «» is

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a shaft 62, the cross section of which is smaller than that of the upper end of the nozzle head, and which protrudes through a cooling box 63 into a main chamber 64, the cooling box and the top of the main chamber act as a support means for the nozzle heads e. The top of the top find the nozzle head is arranged at a level at which it forms a continuation of the bed in the same toroidal contour as the end part of the preceding Qastragerhitiungsbettes.

An inlet manifold 65 (Fig. 2) becomes a heat exchange medium, e.g. cooling water in the heat exchange box 63 let in through several bores 66 and drained through the bore 67 into a floodplain ever divider 68. In the main chamber 64- is through a fan 69 and a duct 70 a relatively cool gas, see B. Ambient air let in. One arranged in the channel 70 Valve regulates the pressure and the flow of air into the main chamber.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, an upwardly and downwardly movable head assembly 71 is provided above the - ^ ette 60, which is essentially a concave mirror image of the bed 60 and the associated heat exchange box 63 and the Hauptkammex 64 forms what head arrangement in the same Way separately with a heat exchange medium and with air is supplied. The upper head assembly 71 is vertically movably supported by a fluid motor 73 which is attached to one another Post 75 attached cross member 74 is attached. Bs are two Pairs of spaced-apart cross members 76 and 77 are provided, each supported by two spaced-apart posts 75 will. Two guide rollers 78 and 79 are rotatably attached to the cross member 76 and are offset horizontally with respect to the carrier 76

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and are vertically offset with respect to a guide 82 which extends upwardly from the head assembly 71. Likewise, guide rollers 80 and 81 are rotatably mounted on the carrier 77, which are connected to a guide 8? cooperate, which protrudes from the head assembly 71 at a distance from the guide 82 upwards. This structure ensures proper alignment of the upper cooling bed and enables vertical adjustment. In a & s lower or in the working position, the head assembly 71 rests on stop members (not shown) which represent a means for adjusting the height of the head assembly in relation to the lower support bed 60. The fluid motor 73 serves to raise the head assembly 70 to the uppermost limit of the path of travel of an associated piston rod 84 attached to the head assembly 71, thereby permitting vertical adjustment of the nozzle head bed and access to it for cleaning purposes and the like.

The conveying device for the cooling section consists of the disk-like drive members 460, the peripheral edges of which are sufficiently narrow that they extend inwardly into the Extend tree between the upper and lower nozzle head beds can grip only one edge of the workpiece with friction and convey it along the bed in a straight path. The drive elements 460 are on the shafts 500 installed, the bearings 510 of which are supported by the supports for the under Bed to be worn. Each wave 500 and the last three waves 50 closest to the cooling section have one ZahnrtdYcrbindiing with a drive shaft, di · with the normal Speed is driven by a motor 90 which is used to drive all of the conveyor pulleys 46, or at a high speed

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Ton an engine 91. See Fig. 2. All drive links 46 and 460 «Are therefore grounded from motor 90 at the normal conveying speed driven. With the help of a suitable arrangement comprising a drive shaft and a clutch, the last three Drive elements of the heating unit and the drive pulleys of the cooling operation rom the motor 91 at a high speed driven «while the motor 90 drives the remaining drive slieder at the normal speed, in such a drive at high speed, τοπ is operated one after the other Control device 95 controlled by a pressure sensing element is operated near the end of the heating section B. The sensing element responds to the presence of a glass plate at the point on which the glass plate is conveyed to the cooling section at high speed. Bach one to pass over the Side tension sufficient for the glass plate · the control device, which is operated according to the time, switches the drive of all drive elements 46 and 460 to the motor driving at normal speed surüek.

Fig.θ shows a cooling nozzle head 61 in detail. Each nozzle head 61 has a prismatic body part 98 with an end face or at the point of the lower nozzle head shown in Figure 8 with an upper surface 99, which generally has the shape of a leohtecks owns and "it more equipped in a plane located curved depressions 100 let which extends outward from the center of the nozzle head, at which center each recess communicates via a radial passage 102 with a center channel 104 * which extends through the shaft 62 and communicates with the main chamber 64 stands. An attached cap glider 105 is involved

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the radial passages 102 together and with the central channel 104, whereby a Drosselüffming created for Gede recess 100 will. With this anorexia the gas from the Sauptkaamer is underneath Pressure to the rope eliaer ^ edea, which is located in the putty, curved Subdivision of the Msenkopi'es directed, flows through the curved Depression 100 and escapes over its walls and over the top 99 of the nozzle head 6Ί asu 4®n Abetrömsonen 106 * die surround every single nozzle head. Be.fiödts the DüaecJcöpf « very close to a sheet of material, so the printer exercises it in the depressions 100 and on the surfaces 99 the plastic a pressure from, whereby the "Platite" wipe the upper arid de " lower bed, supported ^ ird. With the 'oi' arrangement uncs, special takes place at the small distance of the inisan heads from the Si & epl & tte an extraordinarily strong heat transfer üwiscfcsii the neighboring Had and the flowing gas.

As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the delivery system D ttue consists of a spacing sl-ehendeß level-like conveyor elements 110, di # on qu "r" u? isjratjru of the QtJa.eeβ extending curved Xragachitn are rotatable g. The et; first UmfangetfeiIe d® ^ discs form on standing distance "Unterstütsungspunkt · β.ό £ d # r trajectory d« i * iilaep2 ".tt" which generally Unteretüteungßpunkte j & fläsn a "lying dia engdültigen the shape of the Glaspiatt« * nt »pj? ioht. Di # e "discs of the conveyor to be not driven" ¥ ielmehr, the the Abkiihlungf} & bs »hnitt rerlAjisiuilfe and" tan on a generally downwardly inclined * lane b "WTG" nd · dlmeplatt "enough momentum & A £ to the Abkühlungsabschnltt \ It will be possible to find out from the Au «t.?lttft« and «n.

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H96007

Work length

An example of how the Device according to the invention given in the treatment of glass plates.

Glass plates with a thickness of 6.35 sua and with the dimensions 38.1 χ 76.2 ca are placed lengthwise on the rollers 16 of the preheating section A and properly aligned by the guide collar 20 on the rollers 16 through the preheating section at one speed from about 3,? cm per second conveyed. Electrical heating coil 22 and 23 above respectively. below the moving Glaees the Vcrerhitzungeabschnitt lead to so much heat that the temperature of the glass to about 51O ⁰ C surface temperature at a movement of the glass plate is increased over a distance of about 4.5 meters.

When the front edge of the glass plate the last orphan of the Yurerheating section leaves and gradually the that The nozzle heads 37 forming the support bed 36 are covered, so the glass plate is partly and finally completely by the uniform one Carried pressure of the gas flowing out of the nozzle heads. This gas pressure is never strong and is in any case caused by the nozzle head to the nozzle head kept sufficiently low and evenly so that no bulging or other deformation of the Glass is caused. Once the glass has been carried by the gas, it is advanced by the rotating drive members 46 engaging the lower edge of the glass plates. For this purpose, the entire system is arranged in a common plane, which is below in relation to the horizontal is inclined at an angle of 5 ° so that the glass is one to the

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U95007 '

Drive pulleys receive vertical power components.

The gas burners 42 are supplied with natural gas and with air in a volume ratio of ^{7 to} 6, which mixture contains 260 $ more air than would be required for many other types of combustion «Each supplied by about 180 liters per 9? 0 om ^ des üii ^ erujai" ^ e per piece. The perforation products are directed around the main channel and generate in this one “rucJf von L: ig $ £ akz 3JgZcBi ^, every nozzle head knows passage? which reduce this p ^ iok in? .- n chambers covered by glass to about 1/21 3es Hauptkaeonerdruckfc'S. The gas -wii ⁵ ! in the 3, .aft eiies each i) üs «nkopfea with a ^? temperature of -50 ° ö ^and:; n sine ^ - amount of about 36.5 liters p.ro mnute headed.

In diescTi, A'ieführnngsbeiopiel "ü" ssteht Yes :. st * i Iti Mrhit2:. Ungsabschnitt from 120 Drssököpfe · ^ r ^ o 930 om "shown in -1er in Figure 3 ^ ncrdniizsg _3: f05ef- the top · ;? ? £ nde d 'p Kopfee nozzle forms a square whose sides have a length of 25 "^ am, nourishing the distance between IEE Äandux r n of adjacent nozzle heads is 2.4 mm» Each iandung is - \ ./I nt strong.

The nozzle head is initially flat and gradually closes the door. tongue! Laugh into a toroidal Samigen surface as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The area corresponds to a travel curve vertical with a width of 7 cm, that is rotated about an axis in the plane of the curve, the center of the segment having a radial distance of 36.5 m, that is to say the curvature of the formbeetiiamendeii. 2ene ί4 and the cooling bed 60 has a roughness of curvature yci> 127 cm in the transverse direction to the path of movement of the glass and a radius of curvature of 36.5 meters in the direction of movement of the glass.

90 9 807/0631 B »o * a.NAL

U96007

The change from flat to curved outline begins at a distance of about 1.5 meters from the beginning of Erhitzungsabsohnittee B, reached at "hich place the glass has a temperature of about 65O ⁰ C, and being deformable so far that it at the conveying speed of the glass easily follows the gradually changing contour of the nozzle head bed.

The support pressure of the nozzle heads when they are supported by a 6.35 iun thick glass is covered, is 1.6 g / sq cm above that pressure prevailing above the glass, creating a distance of approximately 0.25 ■■ between the underside of the gas carried Glass and the upper end of the nozzle head walls is generated. The nominal evacuation pressure is essentially 1 at absolute.

To heat the glass ·· the carrying gas is kept at a temperature above that of the glass during heating * until the glass has reached the desired temperature. This Fall the glass out of the nozzle head bed and the supporting gas is supplied by convection and radiation heat aufweiset a · temperature of about 65O ⁰ G while the chamber from the ceiling * ·! "Helices 30 radiant heat with a higher than the temperature When the glass is inserted into the furnace, the heating elements are operated as required. In this way the temperature of the glass is increased to about 650 ° G at the point in time when the glass has traversed a distance of 4.5 meters in the heating section. The radiation bottom 32 below the main chamber leads · Warm to a temperature of about 705 ⁰ C, arms to d 'n environments - level in the oven and to keep the main cheeses hot

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Hold BU

When the front edge of the glass moves a pressure switch on the device 95, which is operated according to the time, via a pressure sensor element 96, a sensor starts run the facility. The timer let on the special Set the speed at which the glass plate is being conveyed and causes the discharge at high speed when the front edge of the glass plate contains the inde of the glass plate. ranks. At this point the drive for the last three becomes

for disks HS of the Irhltsungeabsohnltte and including love disks 460 des Kühlungsabaohnlttes but a suitable drive and clutch arrangement from motor 90 to motor 91 changed. the The glass plate is then removed from the cooling section at a speed τοπ approximately 25 Λ em / see quickly transported. The tenting device then switches the Drive on the motor 90 driving at the normal speed, and the glass plate is then driven by the cooling unit at the normal speed τοη approximately 3.3 om / aeo promoted

In Abkiihlungsabsohnitt the upper and lower main chambers is air with the ambient temperature of approximately 36 ⁰ O sugeführt, wherein in the main chambers bridge of 19.8 g / ^ orn BESW. 1 * t9 s / qo »« rseugt. Each Büaenkopf has passages that bring this pressure down to about 1/8 of the lauptkammerdruekes when the air escapes into the nozzle head chambers. The air flows out in quantities τοη $ 6.6 and 52 * 4-5 liters / mim and per nozzle head above especially below the glass. Through the cooling box, water is ^{circulated in an amount τοη 4.5 1} liter later per 950 ojb »bed, with the temperature of the incoming water

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, - 21 -

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about 15 ⁰ Q and the temperature of the outflowing hater is about 26 ⁰ O, the cooling bed in this exemplary embodiment consists of nozzle heads with a square cross-section of 25.4 mm edge length in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the centers of the nozzle heads being one Have a distance of 30 mm from each other. The average distances between the upper and lower sides of the glass supported between the cooling beds from the respective lower and upper nozzle head surfaces are 0.25 μm and 1.25 μm, respectively.

The nozzle head rows of the cooling section are something βehr ag, in this case at an angle of 10 ° with a A line perpendicular to the movement path of the glass is arranged in order to support the edges of the glass and to ensure even cooling of the glass over its entire surface, whereby the formation of iridescent tension patterns in the glass is kept to a minimum.

The clay formed the tops of the nozzle heads Top of the lower cooling bed essentially represents represents a continuation of the outline of the final shape-determining zone of the heating section B and extends downward as the following section of the toroidal generating surface in relation to the horizontal and in the direction of movement of the glass from the bottom of the radiator.

The glass wanders through the 210 cm cooling zone in about 30 seconds. In the first 15 seconds, the temperature of the glass is lowered through the annealing area. Zn the remaining 15 seconds, the temperature of the glass to approximately 315 ⁰ O is lowered. Since the glass is no longer deformable at this temperature, the Xoft support of the

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Cooling facility to the orphans at the delivery facility with the help of the discs 460 and transported from here to the destination «

Sin on this quietly treated glass with a strength ▼ on 6.35 α * has a radius of curvature of 12? cm across the 38.1 cm wide and a radius of curvature of 36.5 m over the 76.2 cm length. Bas glass is annealed and has a stress called medium stress expressed by the birefringence effect of the glass in polarized light waves that is approximately 3200 millimicrons per 25 »4 mm length of the glass is measured by means of conventional retardation soldering processes using a Polariscopes.

Although the support bed was described as toroidal, so Of course, do not really need the transverse curvatures to be circular, but can be any other shape such as a compound plane curve or straight line. Furthermore, various parts of a toroidal bed can be used to create various composite bends «As already mentioned, e.g. the load-bearing part of the bed in a generally horizontal plane, the longitudinal curvature and the transverse curvature in the horizontal plane lie. That is, if the toroidal part of a support bed is compared with a car tire, the embodiment described first has a support bed ^ which corresponds to the profile part of the corresponds to the upper part of a vertically aligned car tire. However, a cot can also be provided, which corresponds to the sidewall portion of a generally horizontally oriented automobile tire. In addition, the cot shape

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Comprising parts from both Auführungeformen, the one part gradually surrendered to the other, so that at welter pursuit From this point of view, the curved part of the carrying bed is suerst can correspond to the tread part of a car tire and then gradually both the tread part and the beginning of the sidewall, line deformableβ glass plate would be a continued change in the Experience shape during this movement as long as the support bed has a changing relationship from the "profile part" to the "rare wall" having. Once the desired shape has been obtained, the remainder of the trajectory would be maintained in the same shape, i.e. all the balls of the curve of the bed would be stay constant. Of course, shapes can also be created in the manner described above, the parts of a sphere especially correspond to a globe with a large radio ·.

Furthermore, other means can also be used instead of the drive members disclosed. E.g. can on one side of the cot an endless chain with conveyor fingers can be arranged, which extend from the chain above the top of the Extend the support bed, engage the glass plates and move them along the support bed. With such an arrangement needs the conveyor bed in besug on the horizontal in the lateral direction not be arranged at an incline su.

The gas support bed can also be grounded from sweet heads in a different design than the one disclosed can also be produced in other ways, see B. under Use of a porous bed or a perforated plate, which is provided with the desired curvature. Also can Banks or sections of nozzle heads spaced apart be arranged and curved, "between which sections

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empty orphans consisting of segments or with spacing Herds provided by one another arranged on a curved path that runs transversely to the path of movement can be noble the glass plates partially at certain points along the moving. gungsbahn are supported. For heating, supporting and cooling of the glass, means other than gases can also be used, e.g. metals such as molten tin or molten salts.

Although, according to the above description, the glass plates are tempered after the bending, the bent glass plates can, if desired, of course also be partially tempered or annealed by a more gradual cooling. In addition, the glass plates can be provided with a covering after the treatment, which during the heating and bending of the Glass plates are melted or otherwise hardened.

Claim

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Claims (13)

Claim Λ) J method of bending glass plates, whereby a glass plate is conveyed at the deformation temperature over a gas support bed, which supports the glass plate at least partially, wherein the Abetütaungsumrißβ of the support bed changes along at least part of the movement path, and the glass plate with the new curved shape is cooled while the glass plate is still at least partially supported by the gases according to patent application P 30 218, characterized in that the path of movement of the glass plate is curved in the longitudinal direction, and that the glass plate is at a temperature below the deformation temperature is cooled while the glass plate is at least partially moved by the gases along the said movement path. 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the support outline of the gas bed over at least part of the over said bed traversing movement path is curved in the transverse direction. 3) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glass plate is initially flat and is heated to the deformation temperature, while the glass plate is at least to Part of the flat gas bed is supported. 909807/0631 4) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the curved glass plate is cooled to a temperature below the deformation temperature while the glass plate is supported at least in part by a gas bed part is, whose tragic outline along the trajectory is an im has substantially constant curvature. 5) Method according to claim 4-, characterized in that the traguairiss of the gas bed part roughly from one part of a Toroids is made up. 6) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the glass plate is tempered during the cooling phase will. 7) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the longitudinal trajectories of corresponding Transverse segments of the glass plate across its entire width in are curved in the perpendicular direction. 8) Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the longitudinal movement tracks at the glass plate location essentially have the same radius of curvature around a given common transverse axis. 9) device for bending glass plates with a gas support bed, which forms an elongated path on a surface of the bed over which the glass plate can be moved, the Outline of said area extends along at least part of the 309907/0831 the said path changes, with means that of the said area a Traggaa eufuhren, for a main surface of the glass plate a gas support is created, the pressure of which is sufficient to at least partially to carry the glass plate very close to the said surface, with means for heating the said carrying gas, and with a further gas support bed, which has a surface extending along the path of movement and the glass on a temperature below the deformation temperature cools down while maintaining a curved profile in the glass, characterized in that the surfaces of the support bed (36) with the changing profile and the further gas support bed (60) are curved for cooling in the direction of the trajectory. 10) Device according to claim 9 »characterized in that the support bed (36) and the further gas support bed (60) also are curved transversely to the path of movement. 11) Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the further gas support bed (60) essentially a part of a toroid. 12) Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized by an initial gas bed part (10) along the Movement path has a flat surface. 13) Device according to one of the speeches 9 The 12, thereby characterized in that the gas support beds have outlets (37; 370; 61) for the outlet of the gases and adjacent gas discharge outlets (106) exhibit. 909807/0631 14 ·) Device according to one of claims 9 to 13 »marked by conveyor means (46; 460) arranged along the travel path. 909807/0631