DE1484649A1 - Self-propelled excavator - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. W. PAAP 8 MONKS 22, 13th August 1968

Dipl.-I.g. H. MITSCHERÜCH STSV ^ m Gu /! Te

Dipl..Ing. K. GUNSCHMANN
Dr. rer. not. W. KÖRBER
PATENT LAWYERS

148A649

Patent application P H 84 649.2

(D 42 638 V / 84 d)

Charles Jordan Davis

New description Self-propelled excavator

The invention "relates to a self-propelled excavator with a chassis supported on the ground, on which a center piece is mounted so that it is opposite the chassis can be pivoted about a vertical axis, with a suitable for carrying out the desired work Second unit, which is equipped with an elongated boom that can be moved up and down under the action of force, and one end of which is mounted on the first-mentioned pivotable unit in such a way that it is under the action of force can be pivoted about an axis independently of the first-mentioned pivotable center piece, which is in a Distance to the pivot axis of the pivotable unit extends parallel thereto and one arranged on the pivotable unit Power plant for driving the chassis and the movements of the swiveling center piece and the unit to guide the desired work.

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Swings in conventional self-propelled excavators the unit comprising an elongated boom and performing the work as a unit around one on the chassis fixed, vertical axis or the boom swings around a vertical axis at one end of the unit, the in turn oscillates relative to the chassis about a fixed, vertical axis on the chassis. There are also orders known, "in which the work performing the fe unit around a horizontal front-to-back Axis can swing, but is otherwise firmly connected to the chassis. With this excavator it is impossible to get him to be positioned so that the excavator shovel is at the outer end of the Boom digs a trench immediately next to and along a building wall, while the boom is in a parallel one is moved up and down to the building wall running level.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-propelled excavator which is described in the above ™ is able to work and its power plant in the pivotable middle part of the excavator is housed.

The invention consists in that the pivotable center piece rests on a '' 'wiper frame, which is on the chassis is mounted in such a way that it can tilt sideways in relation to the chassis by a front-to-rear, can run horizontal, central axis, the pivoting center piece is mounted on the intermediate frame> that it can swivel around an axis at right angles to the tilt axis of the intermediate frame.

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The present invention avoids the disadvantages of the previously "known excavators by making it possible for the operator to first pivot the pivotable center piece about a front-to-rear horizontal axis so that the pivot axis of the boom is perpendicular and then the pivotable centerpiece so long as to pivot about an axis which extends at a distance from the pivot axis of the boom parallel to this, to the pivot axis of the boom in one of the building wall adjacent ^ position perpendicular passes ·

The invention also proposes that power transmission means proceed from the drive unit arranged in the pivotable middle piece, which transmits the drive force from the power plant to the movable chassis in such a way that the chassis to the Chassis is drivable. It is then möglioh to mount the drive unit in the pivotal middle part \ itself, where it is easily accessible despite the intricate movements to which the centerpiece is subject.

Finally, the invention also suggests that The end of the pivoting center piece on which the unit carrying out the desired work is arranged, likewise like the opposite end in the floor plan taper symmetrically outwards. This makes it possible to use the chassis

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bring and in one of the building wall immediately adjacent location to \ to pivot the middle piece to the required extent without its corners come with that of the wall in contact.

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment on the basis of the drawings.

Pig. 1 is a perspective view of one according to the invention self-propelled excavator,

Fig. 2 shows the construction of the Pig excavator. 1 in an exploded perspective Depiction,

3 and 4 each show typical work in plan, with the help of an inventive excavator can be executed

Fig. 5 shows a further possible use in a front view for the excavator according to the invention.

In Fig. 2, the chassis of the excavator is designated as a whole with 11; the supporting unit comprises a rotatable one Part-bearing frame, designated as a whole by 16, and the rotatable part, designated as a whole by 15; the boom unit is designated as a whole by 18 in FIG. 2.

The movable chassis comprises 9098 11/037 3 in a known manner

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trained endless caterpillar chains 12, which via a gear H can be driven independently; The drive force is applied to the gearbox by means of a mounted on the gearbox housing hydraulic motor 13 is supplied. The chassis frame includes front and rear parallel separated by a distance Cross members 20 and 21 supporting front and rear trunnion bearings 22 aligned therewith; these are journal bearings with the cross members 20 and 21 rigidly connected.

The intermediate frame 16 comprises parallel frame longitudinal parts 25 arranged at a transverse distance from one another and transverse parallel frame transverse parts 26 and 27 of channel-shaped Cross-section, which are rigidly connected to the frame longitudinal parts 25. The transverse frame parts 26 and 27 carry a front one and a rear bearing 29, respectively, and these bearings are coaxially arranged; they work with the bearings 22 on the chassis frame and separate bearing bolts together so that the intermediate frame is mounted on the chassis frame in such a way that that it can be tilted sideways about the axis of the bearings 22. The intermediate frame also carries a bearing pin 35 for the rotatable part; this bearing pin is fixed to the frame cross section 27 and protrudes upwards from this.

Furthermore, the wiper frame 16 comprises a transverse one circular arc-shaped curved guide rail 39 of channel-shaped Cross-section, which is rigidly connected to the front ends of the longitudinal frame parts 25 by welding or in some other way connected is; three rollers 36 are with the help of

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stands separate bearing blocks 37 rotatably mounted; one of Bearing blocks 37 is arranged on the frame cross member 26, while the other two bearing blocks with the rear ends of the Frame longitudinal parts 25 are connected. The purpose of the rail 39 and the rollers 36 will be explained in more detail below in connection with the rotatable part 15.

The elongated rotatable part 15 of the excavator has according to Figures 3 and 4 show a generally oval plan shape. He includes parallel side frame members 48 separated by a distance, a transverse frame member at the front end which connected to the front ends of the frame members 48, but made of Pig. 2 cannot be seen. Furthermore, the rotatable Part of the rear frame parts 49 and 51 of channel-shaped cross-section, which are also connected to the rear ends of the longitudinal frame parts 48 are rigidly connected.

Between its ends, the frame of the rotatable part carries a sturdy transverse plate 50 with a central opening 52 for receiving the bearing pin 35 of the intermediate frame 16.

The opening 52 is concentric therewith of three curved ones Surrounding rail parts 53, 54 and 55, which are firmly connected to the frame of the rotatable part and practically one itself Form over a three-quarter circle extending turntable or a guide for the rotatable part, since all three rail parts lie in the same transverse plane. You have a channel

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shaped cross-section to accommodate the rollers 36 can, the are mounted on the intermediate frame 16.

Furthermore, the rotatable part carries at its front end a rigidly connected bearing block 57, on which rollers 58 separated by a transverse band are mounted, which are received by the channel-shaped rail 39 and roll on a flange of this rail when the rotatable part of the excavator is rotating ^{1 is} in its normal position on the bearing pin 35. The rollers 58 cooperating with the curved channel-shaped component 39 and the central roller 36, which runs in the channel-shaped rail part 53, serve to stabilize the rotatable part on the intermediate frame 16 and prevent the rotatable part from tilting forwards and backwards with respect to the intermediate frame . The two rollers 36 on both sides of the intermediate frame 16, which engage in the rails 54 and 55 on the rotatable part, secure the rotatable part against lateral tilting movements with respect to the intermediate frame. When the rotatable part 15 is mounted on the intermediate frame with the help of the bearing pin 35 and the rollers 36 and 58, and when the intermediate frame is mounted on the chassis frame 11 with the help of 3 bolts that extend through the bearings 22 and 29 of the 3 intermediate frame or the Extend the chassis frame, the intermediate frame can perform lateral lip movements with respect to the chassis frame, and during such a tilting movement in one direction or the other, the rotatable part tilts together with the intermediate frame. If the three mentioned

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Sub-aggregates according to Pig. 1 are united with one another, the rotatable part also swivel movements around the axis of the bearing pin 35 run, which extends at right angles to the plane of the intermediate frame and at right angles to the Kippaohse 22.

The power actuation means for tilting and stabilizing the intermediate frame with respect to the chassis are shown in FIG. 2 shown in the form of two double-acting hydraulic cylinders 32 and 33. One end of each of these cylinders is according to Fig. 2 is articulated to the cross member 21 of the chassis frame, and the other ends of the cylinders are to the associated ends of the cross member 27 of the intermediate frame. A hydraulic valve not shown here is known Type allows the length of one of the cylinders or plungers to increase while the length of the other cylinder is reduced at the same time, or vice versa.

So that the rotatable part can be pivoted about its vertical bearing axis 35, two in FIG spaced apart hydraulic cylinders are provided; one end of each of these cylinders is hinged to the corresponding rear end of one of the longitudinal members 25 of the Intermediate frame connected, and the other ends of the cylinder Bind hinged to the rotatable part at points separated by a distance on the channel-shaped cross member 51. Another hydraulic valve of known type makes it possible to increase the length of one of the cylinders or plungers 59 while the other pusher is shortened, or vice versa.

909811/0373 original inspected

One end of the hoist 64 is ″ at 68 on a bearing block 75 rotatably mounted; the bearing pin 68 lies in a transverse plane at right angles to the axis of rotation 35 of the rotatable part. The bearing block 75 is also rotatably mounted on an upright Köügszapfen 70, which at its upper and lower end is supported by the front end of the rotatable part 15. Thus, the boom can pivot run in a plane parallel to the frame of the rotatable part about the axis 70 which is parallel to the bearing axis 35 of the rotatable part runs, and it is also possible to move the boom around the bearing pin 68, which is perpendicular to the pivot axis of the king pin 70 runs to pivot up and down, a housed in a housing 66, with the King pin 70 of connected hydraulic cylinders for generating a rotating movement is used to support the bearing block 75 to pivot together with the boom 18 from one side to the other.

The entire boom and bucket assembly is in Pig. shown. A blade support arm 63 is provided, one end of which is attached to the outer end with the aid of a transverse pin 44 of the boom 64 is rotatably mounted. On the other end of the shovel support arm 63, an excavator shovel 62 is known at 76 Kind of rotatable.

A double-acting cylinder 65 and the

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Shovel support arm 63 can around its transverse storage axis 4-4 be pivoted with the aid of a double-acting cylinder 77. The pivoting of the blade 62 about its transverse Bearing axis 76 takes place with the help of a double-acting cylinder 78. Since the boom assembly is of "known construction is, a more detailed explanation should be superfluous.

The rotatable part 15 of the excavator carries a total with 42 and 43 designated motor housing in which a drive unit 46 is housed. This aggregate drives a Not shown here hydraulic pump, and there are the necessary lines between valves of a known type and the Pump provided, also between these valves and the various operating units of the excavator, namely including the hydraulic motor 13 for driving the Crawler chains 12, the cylinders 32 and 33 for tilting the cross frame, the two cylinders 59 for pivoting the rotatable Partly opposite the cross frame and the actuating cylinders 65, 77 and 78 for the boom and the shovel.

The following is the operation of the present invention Excavator described. Fig. 3, 4 and 5 illustrate various difficult operations dene that with the help of the excavator after of the invention can be carried out. In any case, the letter W denotes a wall of a building.

In Fig. 3 the bagter has been set up so that its chassis along the building wall and ¥ and parallel to it

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extends. The rotatable part 15 is gesohwenkt clockwise \ been located on the center line of a groove 79 to the senkreohteSchwenkachse 70 of the building wall is to be excavated along. Thereafter, it is only necessary to operate the boom and shovel assembly to dig the trench, remove the material from the trench with the aid of the shovel and pivot the boom counterclockwise so that the material can be delivered to a transport vehicle. Here, the rotatable part 15 can maintain its position shown in FIG. 3.

In Pig. 4, a pit is excavated which has a vertical wall 80 which extends extends transversely to the chassis 11 of the excavator and runs immediately in front of the front end of the ferry frame. In this case the rotatable part 15 is pivoted counterclockwise until the pivot axis 70 of the boom assumes a position, in which the boom assembly 18 can work parallel to the wall of the pit to be excavated. Then you can operate the boom assembly to dig the pit, remove the material from the pit and turn it on according to FIG to deliver a transport vehicle, wherein it is not necessary to intermittently rotate the rotatable part 15 about its axis of rotation to pan "

In Fig. 5, a similar operation is carried out as in Fig. 1, but is the ground on which the chassis

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The excavator is standing, leaning downward away from the building wall. In this case, it is only necessary to naoh the rotatable part 15 by tilting the intermediate frame 16 around its front to level the rear tilting axis 22.

ORIGINAL INSPECTED ^909811/037 3

Claims (3)

- 13 - U8A649 Claims Self-propelled excavator with one supported on the ground Chassis on which a center piece is mounted so that it is about a vertical axis with respect to the chassis Can be swiveled with one to carry out the usual Work suitable, second unit with an elongated boom that can be moved up and down under the action of force is equipped, and which is mounted with its one end on the pivotable center piece that it is under the action of force independently of the pivotable center piece can be pivoted about an axis that is at a distance extends parallel to the pivot axis of the pivotable middle piece and one arranged on the pivotable middle piece Drive unit for driving the chassis and the movements of the pivoting center piece and the unit to carry out the rescheduled work, thereby characterized in that the pivotable center piece (15) rests on a Zv / ischenrahmen (16) which is on the chassis (11) is mounted so that it is lateral to the chassis Can perform tilting movements about a front-to-back, horizontal, central axis (22-22), wherein the pivotable middle piece (15) on the intermediate frame (16) is mounted so that it executes pivoting movements about an axis at right angles to the tilt axis of the intermediate frame (16) can. 90981 1/0373 2. Excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the arranged in the pivotable center piece (15) Drive unit (46) emanate power transmission means that transmit the drive force from the drive unit to the movable undercarriage (11) transferred so that the undercarriage (11) without Consideration of the relative position of the pivotable middle piece (15) »of the intermediate frame (16) carrying this middle piece and the chassis is drivable. 3. Excavator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that end of the rotatable center piece (15) » on which the unit (18) performing the desired work is arranged, as well as the opposite end in the plan taper symmetrically towards the outside The patent attorney 90981 1/0373