DE1469273A1 - Process for finishing textiles - Google Patents

Description

BAT) ISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK AG

..... 4469273

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Our signs; OZ 23 892 B / My Ludwigshafen / Rh., September 24th, 1965

Process for finishing textiles

It is known that for the wrinkle-resistant, embossed, chintz and pleated finishing of textiles linear and cyclic nitrogenous methylol compounds used, which mainly derived from urea. After the textiles have been impregnated with the preferably aqueous solutions of these compounds, usually together with acids or acidic agents as catalysts for the condensation. Drying and / or, if necessary, after mechanical deformation, the goods undergo heat treatment immediately or a few days later subject. The methylol compounds condense under the influence of acids or acidic ones Medium and impart wash-resistant finishing effects to the textile.

Lately there has been a move towards impregnating with nitrogen-containing methylol compounds and then only drying them To assemble textile fabrics, i.e. to process them into items of clothing such as trousers, skirts, shirts or dresses. The made-up textiles are only then d ^ r Heat treatment in specially equipped chambers or

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Pressing exposed . The advantage of such a treatment, which can be described as postponed, made up or delayed condensation, fixation or hardening, is that the current shape of the made-up textiles is fixed in a wash-proof manner. However, the impregnated and only dried fabrics have the disadvantage that they gradually split off formaldehyde during storage prior to packaging, which is extremely unpleasant for the operating personnel. Some methylol compounds have the u _x e property of gradually condensing in the presence of the catalysts even at room temperature. The fabrics impregnated with these compounds are not resistant to prolonged storage, since too many of the reactive methylol groups are consumed after a few weeks. An item of clothing later made from the fabrics is no longer or only insufficiently fixed in its iorm in a wash-proof manner as a result of the subsequent heat treatment.

It has now been found that useful for the anti-crease finish, Low molecular weight compounds containing N-methylol groups, which contain at least one urea or urethane grouping and in which all or most of the hydroxyl groups Partly etherified, are particularly suitable for delayed fixation. For the ether groups come preferentially lower alkyl radicals, namely the ethyl, the propyl, the n-butyl radical and especially the methyl radical, as well as the pentyl or hexyl radicals. Low molecular weight containing N-methylol groups which can be used for the anti-crease finish Compounds are preferably derived from urea, such as dimethylolurea. Cyclic ones are particularly suitable

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U69273

Urea derivatives of the general formula

(I.

HIGH ₀ -N N-CH ₀ OH, ^ X

in which X represents a bridge member of two to four elements, wherein at least two, preferably, the outer two elements are carbon, which may also be substituted, and the third element ¹ is oxygen oc r optionally substituted nitrogen or carbon. Examples of X are ethylene, propylene- (1,3), butylene- (1,4), propylene- (1,2), 2-aza-propylene- (1,3), 2-0xa-propylene- (i , 3), 2-keto-propylene- (i, 3), 2-iminopropylene- (1,3); the nitrogen in the 2-position of the bridge member X can be substituted, for example, by alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Substituents on carbon are preferably hydroxyl groups, etherified hydroxyl groups, methyl groups and / or ethyl groups. If the bridge member X consists of two carbon atoms, these can also carry a further bridge in the form of a further urea residue. Examples of all of these compounds include N, N4-dimethylol-glyoxalmonourein, -diurein, N, N ^f -dimethylol-ethyleneurea, N, N ¹ -dimethylol-propyleneurea (= N, N-dimethylol-hexahydropyrimidone-2), N, N ^f -Dimethylol-4-hydroxypropyleneurea (= N, N ^! - Dimethylol-4-hydroxy-hexahydropyrimidone-2), Ν, Ν'-dimethylol-5,5-dimethyliropylenurea (= N, N'-dimethylol-5,5- dimethylhexahydropyrimidone-2), N, N'-dimethylol-4-hydroxy- or -4-alkoxy-5,5-dimethyl-hexahydropyrimidone-2, N, N'-dimethylol-1,4-butylene urea, 1,3-dimethylol -5-butyl-1,3,5-triazinon- (2), Ν, Ν ¹ -

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Dimethyloluron. Another class of compounds includes the dimethylol derivatives the carbamates of lower aliphatic alcohols and the di- to tetramethylol derivatives of the diurethanes of glycols with two to six, preferably four carbon atoms, e.g. dimethylol-ethyl urethane, Ν, Ν-dimethylol-ß-hydroxyethyl urethane, Dimethylol-butanediol-diurethane and tetramethylol-butanediol-diurethane. Occasionally these compounds are also used as precondensates of urea or urea derivatives with formaldehyde referred to because the N-methylol groups for the real Condensation on the textile to form higher molecular weight, mostly crosslinked structures connected to the hydroxyl groups of the fibers required are.

The making of ethers of the N-Me thy.lolverbindungen, like them are used in accordance with the present invention is known and does not need to be mentioned in more detail for the person skilled in the art.

For the impregnation of textiles with the etherified methylol compounds one preferably uses aqueous baths, the content of etherified methylol compounds between 5 and 20 percent by weight, based on the weight of the impregnation bath, can be. As catalysts that are added to the impregnation bath for delayed fixation, the known, acidic agents used in the heat treatment will. Neutral and acidic salts are preferred and weak bases, e.g. sodium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, amine salts of strong acids, e.g. 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol hydrochloride and salts such as magnesium chloride or zinc nitrate. are used. the

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- Use of mixtures of two or more catalysts is also possible. Generally one uses approximately 30 to 50 percent by weight of catalyst, based on that in the bath amount of the etherified methylol compounds or mixtures thereof present.

In general, the fabric is impregnated with the etherified methylol-containing liquor by soaking it in this (impregnated) and then squeezing it so that about 5 to 20 percent by weight of etherified methyl oil compound, based on air-dry fabric, remain on it. Then is dried to leave the tissue in the range between about 80 and about 110 ⁰ C and up to the packaging itself, such as one or more weeks or months. The delayed or deferred fixing of the prefabricated product is generally carried out between about 130 and about 220 ⁰ C. The goods are expediently shaped in such a way that they correspond as closely as possible to the shape customary when the item of clothing is worn and that they also have additional mechanical effects such as embossing, pleated blinds and the like. The heat required for condensation can be ei through heat radiation. or heated dry air or superheated steam or as contact heat (ironing presses) are supplied to the goods.

Deviations from the specified working conditions are permitted. The type of textile material, fabric that Desired finishing effect, the time between impregnation and condensation are, for example, reasons that differ May require working conditions and / or prescriptions. Further

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See U.S. Patent 2,974,432.

There is an advantage of using etherified methylol compounds, that they do not condense or decompose prematurely during impregnation and drying and during storage. the Impregnated and dried textiles can be stored for up to years without impairing the reactivity of the etherified ones Methylol compounds decreases. On the other hand, let me in due course, carry out the condensation at temperatures that do not damage the tissue or do not damage it to any significant extent.

Textiles made using the etherified methylol compounds a delayed or postponed fixation are, for example, mainly tissue or Knitted fabrics made from native cellulose such as cotton, linen, jute, hemp or regenerated cellulose such as rayon or from mixtures of cotton or other named fiber material with synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers and the like or with others Man-made fibers such as cellulose 2 1/2 acetate and cellulose triacetate.

It is possible and in many cases also advantageous to add wetting agents and / or customary treatment agents for fibrous materials, for example water repellants, plasticizers and finishing agents, to the impregnation baths which contain the compounds carrying N-methylol ether groups. Wetting agents are, for example, alkali salts of alkylnaphthalenesulphonic acids and the alkali salts of sulphonated dioctyl succinate. Water repellants are, for example, the known aluminum or. Paraffin wax emulsions containing zirconium compounds,

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as well as preparations containing silicones and perfluorinated aliphatic Links. As plasticizers, e.g., oxethylation products are used of higher molecular weight fatty acids, fatty alcohols or fatty acid amides, higher molecular weight polyglycol ethers and their esters, higher molecular weight fatty acids, fatty alcohol sulfonates, Stearyl-N, N-ethylene urea and stearylamidomethylpyridinium chloride called. As finishing agents, for example cellulose ethers or esters and alginates come into consideration, as well as solutions or dispersions of synthetic polymers, e.g. of polyamides, Polyvinyl ethers, polyvinyl alcohols ^ polyacrylic acid or their esters and amides and of corresponding polymethacrylic compounds, Polyvinyl propionate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, of copolymers, e.g. those made of vinyl chloride and acrylic acid esters, from butadiene and styrene or acrylonitrile or from oC-dichloroethylene, ß-chloroalkylacrylic acid esters or vinyl-ßethylether and acrylic acid amide or the amides of crotonic acid or maleic acid or from N-methylol methacrylic acid amide and other polymerizable compounds. You can also use the Impregnation baths iso- and diisocyanates, polyethyleneimines, polyamines, Add oxyethylated polyamides or silicic acid esters. The use of dispersions free and / or etherified Acrylamide or methacrylamic polymers containing N-methylol groups is also possible and often advantageous. Some of these polymers are in the French patent 1 273 831.

It is also possible to add dyes and leveling agents to the impregnation baths in order to dye the fiber material and make it crease-proof in one operation. I have for that

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particularly water-soluble metal complex dyes, such as those in German patents 846 142, 925 725, 932 445, 1 007 901, 1 016 866, 745 334, 842 089 and 850 038 and in French patent 1 110 281 are. Particularly useful for the method of this invention Generally speaking, dyes are azo compounds, which contain metals such as chromium, cobalt and copper in bound form and are suitable for dyeing wool. The dyes should be in the

^ Impregnation baths contain no more than the same weight be like the etherified methylol compounds. For the Simultaneous impregnation and dyeing are also particularly advantageous dyes that can be obtained by reacting reactive ones Dyes containing hydrogen atoms with formaldehyde and which in this way also get methylol groups introduced into the molecule. Also the etherified derivatives these dyes containing methylol groups are very suitable. Dyes of this type are for example in the French U.S. Patent 1,206,833. You have the

ψ Property of being fixed in the presence of acidic or acidic catalysts in a manner similar to that of the etherified methylol compounds of the compounds that can be used for anti-crease finishing. The dyes can also be applied before or after impregnation or after drying.

Parts in the following embodiments are parts by weight.

example 1

A mercerized, bleached and dyed or printed Cotton fabric is impregnated with a liquor that is in

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1000 parts of water, 200 parts of a $ 50 solution of N, N'-dimethyl-dimethylol-gl.yoxalmonourein, 30 parts of a $ 40 plastic dispersion, prepared according to Example 1 of DAS 1,047,431, 3 parts of a reaction product from 1 mole of isooctylphenol and 3 moles of ethylene oxide, 30 parts of a 50 $ aqueous solution of an oxyethylated polyamide and 20 parts of magnesium chloride, on a tenter bit? dried to a residual moisture of about $ 8. This fabric can also be subjected to a mechanical calendering process to improve the surface smoothness. After a year of storage in rooms with normal tempo- ration, this fabric can be used to make trousers, for example. The assembled, ironed trousers are subjected to a heat treatment of, for example 10 to 20 minutes duration at 150 ⁰ C. The trousers treated in this way retain their original shape even after machine washes. Ironing is not necessary.

Example 2

A viscose fabric, dyed or printed, is impregnated with a liquor containing quaternized in 1000 parts of water 300 parts of a 50 $ strength Λ aqueous solution of tetramethyl tetramethylolbutandioldiurethan, 20 parts of a 15 $ solution of polyacrylamide, 8 parts of dimethyl sulfate Contains condensation product of triethanolamine and stearic acid and 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, and ^{dried at 120 0} C to a residual moisture content of 8 $. Even after one year of storage, the goods can optionally also be mechanically deformed, for example embossed or pleated, and a piece of clothing, for example a blouse, can be made up from this, which after shaping by a heat treatment of approximately

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10 minutes at 150 ⁰ C is exposed. The blouse treated in this way retains its original shape even after it has been machine-washed and dried. Ironing is not necessary.

Example 3

If the measures explained in Example 1 are applied not to a pure cotton fabric, but to a polyester / cotton blend 50:50, garments are obtained with just as good dimensional stability and, more recently , activity t.

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Claims (7)

Claims 1 «A method for finishing textiles using nitrogen-containing compounds which can be used for the crease-proof finish, with a period of one week to several months between impregnation and condensation, characterized in that compounds which can be used for the crease-proof finish are used contain at least one urea or urethane grouping and preferably N-Methy1ι! groups etherified with lower alkyl radicals. A. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile material is made up between impregnation and condensation. 3. Process according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the impregnation liquors contain textile softeners, finishing agents and / or water repellants. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the liquors contain dyes, such like preferably with methylol groups. 5. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that etherified Ν, Ν'-dimethylolglyoxalmonoureins are used as compounds which can be used for the anti-crease finish. 6. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that etherified N, N ¹ -dirnethylol compounds of Hexahydropyrimidorx> 2 or its in the 4-position by hydroxy or alkoxy groups and or or in the 5-position by two - 12 809817/1346 - 12 -, 0.Z. 25 892 Methyl groups substituted derivatives than for the anti-crease finish useful compounds are used. 7. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that etherified N, F'-dimethylο1-äthylurethane, N, N'-dimethylolß-hydroxyäthylurethahe or N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylol-butanediol diurethane as for the Wrinkle-proof finishing uses useful compounds. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK AG 809812/134 6-