DE1467236B2 - Multi-storey bipolar cell made up of several cell units - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to a multi-level bipolar intermediate frame 2 and a negative end frame 3.

Cell made up of several cell units for electrolyzing Although only an intermediate frame 2 is shown,

of products such as alkali salts. however, any number of

The object of the invention is to provide a bipolar Zeil intermediate frame 2 between a positive and

To create construction for the purposes mentioned, 5 can be arranged in a negative end frame. the

which consists of several individual cells in a storey manner in FIG. The cell shown in FIG. 1 is with a slope of

can be put together, the individual shown about 15 ° to the horizontal. You can do it with everyone

Cell units, especially the mean cell inclination of about 2 to 85 ° from the horizontal

essentially the same construction can be operated. Slopes of about 5 to 30 ° from

should point so that a storied up and io of the horizontal are preferred.

Conversion of the cell arrangement easily and the respective The positive end frame 1 (Fig. 1, 2 and 3)

An upper plate or a cover la is included, adapted accordingly to the performance requirements

can be enough. an edge or frame 1b suspended from it ,

The invention is based on a multi-story which extends down around the edges of the same

bipolar cell of the kind described in that the 15 extends four sides, so that an inverted box-

Cell essentially comprises three standard parts, namely a similar structure is formed. At its lower

a positively polarized end frame, a negative edge is the frame 1 b with itself outwards

polarized end frame and at least one intermediate stretching flange Ic provided with it

frame, which at the same time form the cathode base piece and through which it is connected with similar

plate for the next higher cell unit and the ao flanges 2 c with the central frame 2 is connected.

Anode plate for the next lower cell unit extend from the underside of the plate la

wearing. several anode suspensions 4, which are preferably

To monitor the electrolysis process in the form one piece with the plate la, down and

Cells and for easy interchangeability of the one at the lower end of the anode suspensions 4 are

Individual frame, it is particularly useful that the 25 anodes 5 attached by screw connections 5 a

cell units formed by intermediate frames (FIG. 2). The underside of the plate 1 a, flanges 1 b

are offset from one another. A great advantage for and anode suspensions 4 is with an isolating

Increase in the performance of the material 6 according to the invention, such as rubber or the like. Covered to

It is also important for cells to construct them in such a way as to protect these surfaces from corrosion and

that they have an inclination of 5 to about 30 ° against the 30 a current passage from these surfaces

Have horizontal, and it also purposely prevent. Instead of a rubber-like elec-

is moderate, each cell unit with isolation from the other cell-Irish can cover the undersides of the plate

units independent inlets and outlets 1 a, the flanges 1 b, the anode suspensions 4 and

for the mercury and the electrolyte, other surfaces that provide protection from the electrolyte

see. With the invention, electrolytic cells will require 35 lytes and the anodic conditions

with a cathode flooded with mercury be substantially coated with titanium or similar barrier metals,

improves. which only allows current to pass through to the electrolyte

In the following, the invention will allow, or it can, on the basis of the cathodic conditions

Drawings explained in more detail, for example. any other lining material used

F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment, which is opposed to the cell conditions

shape of the cell according to the invention; are constantly.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detailed view similar to a spacer seal 7 made of insulating material

that in Fig. 1, which is the final construction of the Mercury is provided between the flanges Ic and 2c,

silver feed unit and the amalgam outlet end of the and the positive end frame member 1, the intermediate

Cell shows 45 frame members 2 and the negative end frame member 3

F i g. 3 is a plan view with parts taken away from each other by several screws 8 (Fig. 5)

are attached, which extend through holes in the flanges 1 c,

Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the 2c, 3c and the like shown in Fig. 3 and verZelle with nuts 8a about the line 4-4, "can be seen through which the flanges Ic, 2c, 3c

F i g. 5 shows an enlarged cross-section of the isolated 5 ° etc. in a liquid-tight manner in contact with the seals 7

Screwing device for building the to be held. A setting of the distance

multi-storey arrangement of cells to each other, between the anodes and the cathode can by

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a modified use of spacer seals 7 of different

Shape of cell arrangement and thickness can be made.

F i g. 7 shows a partial section in plan view of the 55

management form of the in F i g. 1 cell shown. 2 and 3, an insulating ring

Although the cell described here can be arranged in practical fitting 8 b around each screw 8, and

operated in a horizontal position, d. H. with an insulating washers 8 c separate the head of the

Angle of inclination of less than 1 ° from the Hori screw 8 and the nut 8a from the flanges Ic,

zontal, however, the cell described is preferred 60 2c, 3c, etc. (see Figs. 5 and 2).

wise as inclined flat mercury cathode line The positive end frame 1 has through its sides

operated, in which the cathode cell bottoms, via inlets 9 for the concentrated brine, preferably

which the mercury cathode flows between approximately near the lower end of the inclined frame. Each-

2 and inclined about 85 ° from the horizontal, but these brine inlets can be at either end or

since in this way a better 65 is found in the central part of the cell, as has been found. United outlets 10

Operational effectiveness can be guaranteed. for chlorine and exhausted brine are near the top

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the edge of the end frame 1 and the intermediate frame 2 is formed

the cell holds a positive end frame 1, one provided, but can also be used if desired

1 46 7 23 β

3 4

separate outlets for. Chlorine and depleted brine negative end frame cannot be used with an insulating one. _: . ·. \ - r.-; /.;:. Material like that on the underside of the plate la

As a precautionary measure for safety, material 6 used may be covered. The end plate 3, In addition, omitting for example in the amalgam or in the end does not require any hanging therefrom boxes 12 released hydrogen in the lower end -5 anode suspensions, but can be a crossbar the .positiven end frame 1 and the intermediate frame 13 have. However, this is only for convenience mens 2 can be provided, as can a separate production, since the end plate 3 is practically exactly the same Nende partition plate 13 are provided, which can be made like plate 2. ;

down across the bottom of the frame 1. A spacer seal 7 made of insulating material and 2 extends and above the mercury level the ia rial is also terminated between the flanges 2c and 3c of the flowing mercury cathodes, provided around any frame 2 and 3, and these flanges are hydrogen, which is in the mercury amalgamend boxes likewise released to each other by screws 8 on the same 12, from mixing with the loading in the manner as above for the flanges Ic and 2c. Anodes 5 to prevent released chlorine. However, written screwed (see Fig. 5). The thickness of the partition plates 13 and the outlets 11 only at 15 stand seal 7 controls the distance between the anode operational disturbances of the cell necessary. ■ '"areas from the cathode. ·

The positive end frame 1 is rectangular along the bottom of the plate 3 a are several

Openings 14 and 14 a at each end of the same negative busbars 20 connected to the _; see, which are closed by transparent cover plates 14 & negative electrical connection for the whole. Seals 14 c and 14 d are to be formed in front of the 20 storeys with bipolar cells. seen. The cover plates 14 d are removable on Suitable support elements 21 are under the

Frame 1 fastened with screws 14 e. The cover frame 3 arranged around the cells at the correct plates 14 & can, however, be omitted. to keep the desired angle. B by removing the lid 14 is the access to Any suitable apparatus can be applied advertising

each end of the frame 1 for better monitoring 05._ den, in order to ensure an even distribution of Queck possible. The lid 146 may be made of rubber, silver from the Quecksilberzuführkästen 17 via the plastic or easily breakable material overall cathodic plates 2 a and 3 to ensure a .: be customized, so that they are inflated or such a device for the uniform crime if an explosion within the cell division consists of an adjustable barrier or takes place, and thereby protecting the cell from major damage 30 barrier 22, which is attached to the rod 23 and. Positive collective connections 16 are seen to be adjusted towards and away from the front plates 2 α and 3 a by means of the adjusting screws 24 against the basic need along the upper part of the end frame 1. The lock 22, the rods 23 and the

The intermediate frame members 2 are insofar as the screws 24 are provided with a suitable insulation End frame 1 similar that the cover plates 2 a coated with 35.

the anode suspensions 4 hanging down therefrom. The amalgam flows from each unit of the inter-level cell through outlet boxes 12 with amalgam frames 2 are provided. However, the upper upper emptying outlets 12 a, from which the amalgam surface of the cover plates 2 a of the intermediate frame 2 and flows to a suitable decomposer where the stove upper surface of the cover plate 3 α of the negative 40 position of chlorine and caustic soda the sodium in End frame 3 act as cathodic plates, transferred over sodium hydroxide and the mercury which of the mercury is from one end to the recovered and to the mercury inlet boxes other end of the cell flows and the mercury 17 is returned.

cathodes for the floor cells results. The intermediate The end of the cathode plate 2 α and 3 a is in front

interlocking frame members and anode suspensions 45 preferably into outlet boxes 12 as shown are insulated in the same way as the bottom side of the sloping bottom, and a supply of amalgam is in the off-top frame 1. Let each cell through the gooseneck shape

At the upper end of the intermediate frames 2 and of the outlets 12a, or by suitable valve assembly end frames 3, there extends a substantially restraint. Insulated packing 12 b in rectangular mercury inlet box 17 from one 5 & the outlet boxes 12 reduce the volume of the side to the other of the plates 2 a and 3 a and is provided with mercury retained in each cell, a mercury inlet 17 a, soak in operation, the cell compartments practically with

Mercury is fed into the inlet boxes from a suitable source of contaminating electrolyte 25 up to the level of the outlets 10 for chlorine. The mercury and exhausted brine held so that the space silver flows over the upper edge 2 e of the plate 2 a 55 between the tops of the anodes 5 and the and the upper edge 3 e of the plate 3 α and flows through the bottom, the cell end cap la , 2a etc. and the upper surface of the plates 2a and 3a down to the amaltolyte gap between the surfaces of the anodes 5 and outlet or the end boxes 12. the flowing mercury cathode with electrolyte

The lower or negative end frame 3 resembles that in each cell at the inlets 9 in terms of remaining filled generally the frame 2. The plate 3a serves as 60 flows in and flows out at 10. Cathode base plate for an intermediate cell 2. The In cells in which the base plates 2 a, 3 a

Mercury inlet box 17 and inlet 17α and the like are between 2 and 30 ° from the horizontal

present at the upper end, and the mercury inclined, the increased inclination in the

outlet box 12 is located at the lower end of outlet box 12, preferably about 40 °; but when

negative end frame 3. However, the inclination of the base plate is more than 30 ° in the sides 65, of the end frame 3 no inlets 9 for brine, outlets the downward slope into the outlet box must be so, 11 for hydrogen or outlets 10 for exhausted that the total inclination from the horizontal is not Brine required. Also, the bottom of the is more than 90 °. It is also possible to

Läßkästen 12 are used, which have no increased inclination from the inclination of the base plate 2 α and 3a.

F i g. Figures 6 and 7 show a modified form of a multi-story cell arrangement in which the cells are substantially similar in construction and mode of operation to those shown in FIG. 1 to 5 are similar to the cells shown in FIG. 1 through 5, but are stacked in a staggered manner and form a staircase-like arrangement so that a portion of each cell can be opened to observe the flow of mercury or to view part of the interior of the cell. Thus, the center frame is shown in Figs. 6 and 7 102 displaced with respect to the positive end frame 101, which is indicated at 104. In a multi-story cell, each intermediate frame 102 is similarly offset from the next higher intermediate frame. The negative end frame 103 is connected to the center frame 102 as shown in FIGS. 1-5. The mercury inlet boxes 117, which are fed through the mercury inlets 117 a, extend from one side of the frames 102 and 103 to the other. Barriers 122 regulate the volume of mercury flow. Chlorine and exhausted brine are withdrawn from the cells through chlorine outlet ports 110. The mercury inlets 117 a are spatially arranged so that they do not interfere with the outlet of chlorine and exhausted brine, as in FIG. 7 is shown. The amalgam outlets of the end boxes 112 are similar to the end boxes 12 of FIG. 1 to 5 and the Soleeinlässe 109 Wasserstoffauslässe 111, the anode hangers 104 α, the anodes 105 u. The like. (Not shown) similar to the corresponding parts of Fig. 1 to 5.

Observation windows 114 are provided on the upper edge of the positive end frame 101 and in the offset protruding part 104 of the intermediate frame 102 . The windows can be provided with transparent cover plates (glass) or with removable opaque cover plates. By looking through the transparent covers or by removing the opaque covers and looking through the open windows 114 when the power to the cell is turned off, the mercury flow from the mercury inlet boxes 117 can be observed for each cell on the floor, and during the periods when the cells are not in use, portions of the cells can be observed through the windows 114.

A glass tube 130 is fitted with a closed end constantly in each cell and α sealed with the cell by a rubber or NeöDrenhülse 130 • For the observation and monitoring at the outlet end of the cells of FIG. 6 and 7. The ends of the tubes 130 outside the cells are left open. A periscope with a 45 ° mirror and an electric light can be inserted into the glass tubes 130 to examine the outlet end of the cells. This periscope does not need to be attached to the group of cell floors and can easily be moved from one floor to another. It can be moved from one end of the tube 130 to the other end and rotated about its axis for inspection of all parts

■ to allow 5 of the outlet end of the cells.

Hydrogen gas outlets 111 permit the outlet of hydrogen from the end boxes and evacuation outlets 131 allow evacuation of the cells. The brine inlets are shown at 109.

ίο Staggered with the ends instead of the cell floors stacked on top of each other, they can also be stacked sideways offset, 'so that the entire side of the cell floors of an investigation in a manner similar to how they are related is described with Figs. 6 and 7, is accessible.

As shown in the drawings of FIG. 1 to 7 shown

is, a multi-tier bipolar cell of any desired number of cell units can be constructed by merely repeating the number of intermediate frames 2 or 102. While this is theoretically true, there is a practical limit to the number of cells due to limitations in treatment equipment and other factors, and single cells of the type described can be formed by combining a positive end frame 1 or 101 and a negative end frame 3 or 103 .

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Multi-storey bipolar cell made up of several cell units for electrolyzing products such as alkali salts, characterized in that the cell has essentially three standard parts comprises, namely a positively polarized end frame (1), a negatively polarized end frame (3) and at least one intermediate frame (2), which at the same time is the cathode base plate for the next higher cell unit and carries the anode plates for the next lower cell unit. 2. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to ^: Claim 1, characterized in that the cell units formed by intermediate frames are offset from one another. 3. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Cell units are electrically connected in series. 4. Multi-tier bipolar cell according to any of the ^; Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cell has an inclination between 5 and approximately 30 ° relative to the horizontal. ^: . ■ 5. Multi-level bipolar cell according to one of the "" claims! to 4, characterized in that each cell unit has its own inlets and outlets, independent of the other cell units, for ^: the mercury and the electrolyte. ^; 6. Multi-tiered bipolar cell according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each cell unit is separate from one another separate inlets for the mercury and owns the electrolyte. ^! For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.