DE1467236C - Multi-tier bipolar cell made up of several cell units - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to a multi-level bipolar intermediate frame 2 and a negative end frame 3.

Cell made up of several cell units for electrolyzing Although only an intermediate frame 2 is shown,

of products such as alkali salts. however, any number of

The object of the invention is to provide a bipolar Zeil intermediate frame 2 between a positive and

To create construction for the purposes mentioned, 5 can be arranged in a negative end frame. the

which consists of several individual cells in a storey manner in FIG. The cell shown in FIG. 1 is with a slope of

can be put together, the individual shown about 15 ° to the horizontal. You can do it with everyone

Cell units, especially the mean row inclination of about 2 to 85 ° from the horizontal

essentially the same construction can be operated. Slopes of about 5 to 30 ° from

should point so that a storied up and io of the horizontal are preferred.

Reconstruction of the cell arrangement easily and the respective The positive end frame 1 (Fig-1 » ^{2 and 3} ) ^by "

Adapted to the performance requirements, it also encompasses an upper plate or a cover plate

can be enough. a hanging border or frame 1 ft,

The invention is based on a multi-story which extends down around the edges of the same

bipolar cell of the kind described in that the 15 extends four sides, so that an inverted box-

Cell essentially comprises three parts, namely a similar structure is formed. At its lower

a positively polarized end frame, a negative edge is the frame Ib with outwards

polarized end frame and at least one intermediate stretching flange Ic provided with it

frame, which at the same time form the cathode base piece and through which it is connected with similar

plate for the next higher cell unit and the so flanges 2 c is connected to the central frame 2.

Anode plate for the next lower cell unit extend from the underside of the plate la

carries., several anode suspensions 4, which are preferably

To monitor the electrolysis process in the form one piece with the plate la, down and

Cells and for easy interchangeability of the one at the lower end of the anode suspensions 4 are

Individual frames, it is particularly useful that the 25 anodes 5 attached by screw connections Sa.

cell units formed by intermediate frames (Fig. 2). The underside of the plate la, flanges 16

are offset from one another. A great advantage for and Arioden suspensions 4 is with an isolating

Increase in the performance of the material 6 according to the invention, such as rubber or the like. Covered to

It is also important for cells to construct them in such a way as to protect these surfaces from corrosion and

that they have an inclination of 5 to about 30 ° against the 30 a current passage from these surfaces

Have horizontal, and it also purposely prevent. Instead of a rubber-like elec-

is moderate, each cell unit with isolation from the other cell-tric can the undersides of the plate

units independent inlets and outlets la, the flanges Ib, the anode suspensions 4 and

for the mercury and the electrolyte, other surfaces that provide protection from the electrolyte

see. With the invention, electrolytic cells will require 35 lytes and the anodic conditions

with a cathode flooded with mercury be substantially coated with titanium or similar barrier metals,

improves. which only allows current to pass through to the electrolyte

In the following, the invention will allow, or it can, on the basis of the cathodic conditions

Drawings explained in more detail, for example. any other lining material used

F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment, which is opposed to the cell conditions

shape of the cell according to the invention; are constantly.

F i g. 2 shows an enlarged detailed view similar to a spacer seal 7 made of insulating material

that in Fig. 1, which is the final construction of the Mercury is provided between the flanges Ic and 2c,

silver feed unit and the amalgam outlet end of the and the positive end frame member 1, the intermediate

Cell shows 45 frame members 2 and the negative end frame member 3

F i g. 3 is a plan view with parts taken away from each other by several screws 8 (Fig. 5)

are attached, which extend through holes in the flanges Ic,

Fig. 4 shows a cross section of the 2 c, 3 c and the like shown in Fig. 3 and verZelle with nuts 8 a about the line 4-4, through which the flanges Ic, 2c, 3c

F i g. 5 shows an enlarged cross-section of the insulated 50 etc. in contact with the seals 7 in a liquid-tight manner

Screwing device for building the to be held. A setting of the distance

multi-storey arrangement of cells to each other, between the anodes and the cathode can by

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a modified use of spacer seals 7 of different

Shape of cell arrangement and thickness can be made.

F i g. 7 shows a partial section in plan view of the 55

management form of the in F i g. 1 cell shown. 2 and 3, an insulating ring

It is true that the cell described here can be arranged around each screw 8 in practically fitting 8 δ, and

horizontal position, i.e. with an insulating washer 8c separate the head of the

Inclination angle of less than 1 ° from the Hori screw 8 and the nut 8 α from the flanges 1 c,

zontal, however, the cell described is preferred 60 2 c, 3 c etc. (see Figs. 5 and 2).

wise as an inclined flat mercury cathode cell The positive end frame 1 has through its sides

operated, in which the cathode cell bottoms, via inlets 9 for the concentrated brine, preferably

which the mercury cathode flows between approximately near the lower end of the inclined frame. Each-

2 and inclined about 85 ° from the horizontal, but these brine inlets can be at either end or

since in this way a better 65 is found in the central part of the cell, as has been found. United outlets 10

Operational effectiveness can be guaranteed. for chlorine and exhausted brine are near the top

In the case of the in FIG. 1 on the edge of the end frame 1 and the intermediate frame 2

the cell holds a positive end frame 1. one provided, but can also be used if desired

3 4

separate outlets for chlorine and exhausted brine negative end frame not with an insulating one

be used. Material like that on the underside of the plate la

As a precautionary measure for safety, material 6 used may be covered. The end plate 3 Outlets 11 for about in the amalgam or in the end also does not require any hanging down therefrom boxes 12 released hydrogen in the lower end 5 anode suspensions, but can have a crossbar the positive end frame 1 and the intermediate frame 13 have. However, this is only for convenience mens 2 can be provided, as can a separate production, since the end plate 3 is practically exactly the same Nende partition plate 13 are provided, which can be made like plate 2. down across the lower end of the frame 1 a spacer seal 7 made of insulating material and 2 extends and above the mercury level dei io rial is also between the flanges 2 c and 3 c of flowing mercury ends to any frames 2 and 3 provided, and these are flanges Hydrogen, which is in the mercury amalgam end boxes, likewise with each other by screws 8 on the same 12 was released from mixing with the anodes in the manner as above for flanges Ic and 2c 5 to prevent released chlorine. However, they are screwed together (see Fig. 5). The thickness of the abdie Partition plates 13 and the outlets 11 only at 15 Stand seal 7 controls the spacing of the anode operating Disturbances of the cell necessary. surfaces from the cathode.

The positive end frame 1 is connected with rectangular Along the underside of the plate 3 α sin'd several openings 14 and 14 a at each end of the same negative busbars 20 to see the through transparent cover plates 14 & negative electrical connection for all are closed. Seals 14 c and 14 d are seen in front of the 20 storeys to form a composite of bipolar cells. The cover plates 14 d are removable on the appropriate support components 21 are attached under the frame 1 with screws 14 e. The cover frame 3 arranged * around the cells in the correct plates 14 b can, however, be omitted. to keep the desired angle. B by removing the lid 14 is the access to Any suitable apparatus can be applied werjedem end of the frame 1 for better monitoring of the 35 to provide a uniform distribution of mercury possible. The lids 14 & can be made of rubber, silver to ensure the mercury supply boxes 17 via the plastic or fragile material cathodic plates la and 3a , so that they can be inflated or such a device for even crime in the event of an explosion Inside the cell division consists of an adjustable lock or takes place, and thereby the cell from major damage 30 barrier 22, which is attached to the rod 23 and protect. Positive collective connections 16 are seen to be adjusted towards and away from the basic requirement along the upper part of the end frame 1, front plates 2α and 3ά, depending on the means of adjustment screws 24. The lock 22, the rods 23 and the

The intermediate frame members 2 are insofar as the screws 24 are provided with a suitable insulation

End frame 1 similar that the cover plates la covered with 35.

the anode suspensions 4 hanging down therefrom. The amalgam flows out of each unit, which is provided through outlet boxes 12 with amalgam frames 2 for fastening the anodes 5 to the inter-tiered cell. However, the upper upper emptying outlets 12 a, from which the amalgam surface of the cover plates 2 a of the intermediate frame 2 and flows to a suitable decomposer, where the upper surface of the cover plate 3 α of the negative 40 position of chlorine and caustic soda the sodium in the end frame 3 act as cathodic plates, transferred over sodium hydroxide and the mercury which the mercury film recovers from one end to the other end of the cell and flows to the mercury inlet boxes and the mercury 17 is returned.

cathodes for the floor cells results. The intermediate The end of the cathode plate 2 a and 3 a is yorschenrahmenglieder and the anode suspensions 45 preferably as shown in the outlet boxes 12 according to are insulated in the same way as the bottom side of the inclined below, and an amalgam supply is in the Aus-Oberframe 1. laßkasten " each cell by the gooseneck shape

At the upper end of the intermediate frame 2 and the outlets 12 a or by suitable valve arrangement

End frame 3 extends a substantially restrained voltages. Insulated packing 12 b in

rectangular mercury inlet box 17 of one 50 and outlet boxes 12 reduce the volume of the

Side to the other of plates 2a and 3a and is filled with mercury retained in each cell,

a mercury inlet 17 α provided, soak through In operation, the cell compartments are practically with

Mercury from a suitable source of continuous electrolyte 25 up to the level of the outlets 10 for chlorine

borrowed is fed into the inlet boxes. The mercury and exhausted brine kept leaving the room

silver flows over the upper edge 2 e of the plate 2 α 55 between the tops of the anodes 5 and the

and the upper edge 3 e of the plate 3a and flows the bottom of the cell cover la, 2a etc. and the elec-

upper surface of the plates la and 3a to the amaltolyte gap between the surfaces of the anodes 5 and

Gamauslaß or the end boxes 12 down. the flowing mercury cathode with electrolyte

The lower or negative end frame 3 resembles that in each cell at the inlets 9 in terms of remaining filled

generally the frame 2. The plate 3 a serves as 60 flows in and flows out at 10.

Cathode base plate for an intermediate cell 2. The In cells in which the base plates 2 a, 3 a

Mercury inlet box 17 and inlet 17 α are and the like between 2 and 30 ° from the horizontal

present at the upper end, and the mercury inclined, the increased inclination in the

outlet box 12 is located at the lower end of outlet box 12, preferably about 40 °; but when

negative end frame 3. However, the inclination of the base plate is more than 30 ° in the sides 65,

of the end frame 3 no inlets 9 for brine, outlets the downward slope into the outlet box must be so,

11 for hydrogen or outlets 10 for exhausted that the total inclination from the horizontal is not

Brine required. Also, the bottom of the is more than 90 °. It is also possible to

laßkästen 12 are used, which have no increased inclination of the inclination of the base plate 2 a and 3 α .

6 and 7 show a modified form of a multi-story cell arrangement in which the cells are substantially similar in construction and in the manner of operation to the cells shown in FIGS. so that part of each cell can be opened to observe the flow of mercury or to partially observe the interior of the cell. Thus, in Figures 6 and 7, the center frame 102 is with respect to each other. of the positive end frame 101 offset, which is indicated at 104. In a multi-story cell, each intermediate frame 102 is similarly offset from the next higher intermediate frame. The negative end frame 103 is connected to the center frame 102 as in FIG. 1 to 5 shown connected. The mercury inlet boxes 117, which are fed through the mercury inlets 117 a, extend from one side, the frame 102 and 103 to the other. Barriers 122 regulate the volume of mercury flow. Chlorine and exhausted brine are withdrawn from the cells through chlorine outlet ports 110. The mercury inlets 117 a are spatially arranged so that they do not interfere with the outlet of chlorine and exhausted brine, as shown in Fig..7. The amalgam outlets of the end boxes 112 are similar to the end boxes 12 of FIGS. 1 to 5 and the brine inlets 109, the hydrogen outlets 111, the anode suspensions 104 a, the anodes 105 and the like (not shown) are similar to the corresponding parts of FIG. 1 until 5.

Observation windows 114 are provided on the upper edge of the positive end frame 101 and in the offset protruding part 104 of the intermediate frame 102. The windows can be provided with transparent cover plates (glass) or with removable opaque cover plates. When looking through the transparent covers or by removing the opaque ones. Covers and looking through the open windows 114 when power is turned off to the cell, the flow of mercury from the mercury inlet boxes 117 can be observed for each cell on the floor, and during periods when the cells are not in use, portions of the Cells can be observed through windows 114.

For observation and surveillance at the outlet end of the cells of FIG. 6 and 7, a glass tube 130 with a closed end is permanently installed in each cell and sealed with the cell by a rubber or neoprene sleeve 130 a. The ends of the tubes 130 outside the cells are left open. A periscope with a 45 ° mirror and an electric light can be inserted into the glass tubes 130 to examine the outlet end of the cells. This periscope does not need to be attached to the group of cell floors and can easily be moved from one floor to another. It can be moved from one end of the tube 130 to the other end and rotated about its axis to allow inspection of all parts of the outlet end of the cells.

Hydrogen gas outlets 111 permit the outlet of hydrogen from the end boxes and evacuation outlets 131 allow evacuation of the cells. the Brine inlets are shown at 109.

ίο Staggered with the ends instead of the cell floors stacked on top of each other, they can also be stacked sideways offset, so that the entire side of the cell floors of an investigation in a manner similar to how they are related with the F i g. 6 and 7 is described, is accessible.

As shown in the drawings of FIG. 1 to 7 shown

a multi-level bipolar cell can be constructed of any desired number of cell units be by simply adding the number of intermediate.

so frame 2 or 102 is repeated. While this is theoretically true, there is a practical limit to the number of cells due to limitations in treatment equipment and other factors, and single cells of the type described can be formed by combining a positive end frame 1 or 101 and a negative end frame 3 or 103 . . ·. . ·. '■■

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Multi-storey bipolar cell made up of several cell units for electrolyzing products such as alkali salts, characterized in that the cell has essentially three standard parts comprises, namely, a positively polarized end frame (1), a negatively polarized end frame (3) and at least one intermediate frame (2), which is also the cathode base plate for the next higher cell unit and carries the anode plates for the next lower cell unit. 2. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the through Cell units formed between frames are offset from one another. 3. Multi-storey bipolar cell when addressed 1 or 2, characterized in that the cell units are electrically connected in series. 4. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cell has an inclination between 5 and about 30 ° to the horizontal. 5. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each cell unit has its own inlets and outlets for the mercury and the electrolyte. owns. 6. Multi-storey bipolar cell according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that each cell unit has separate inlets for the mercury and owns the electrolyte. j VyJ i For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings