DE1465643A1 - Hollow pipe - Google Patents

Description

/ * ff ÖS

PA 686 October 29, 1963

Hollow pipe

Hollow pipe conductors are known which consist of a tube are made. Drills with a round cross-section as well as with a cross-section deviating from the circular shape are preferred elliptical cross-section. For both mechanical and electrical reasons, ea has proven to be advantageous exposed, the pipes as corrugated or bellows pipes to execute. In a preferred embodiment, Well or Bellows tubes on a corrugated guide, in which the V / ellen or The bellows run helically around the pipe circumference. Be is also already aware of the direction of rotation of this helix over the length of the To change the pipe one or more times between two limit values.

The present invention relates to a hollow pipe conductor, preferably with a round or elliptical cross section, which consists of a Y / ell or bellows tube, in which the V / ellen or Bellows run helically around the drilling circumference and in which the direction of rotation of the helix extends over the length of the pipe changes several times * The hollow tube conductor according to the invention differs differs from the previously known in that the helix slope extends over a certain length in front of the plane of the change in direction of rotation and in the direction of this level ssu continuously or gradually reduced to the value 0.

In the case of hollow pipes of the type specified above, which consist of a » If there are corrugated or bellows pipes, there is a frequency-dependent one Rotation of the plane of polarization of the transmitted wave It is already known (German Auelegesohrift 1 154 841), this frequency-dependent rotation of the plane of polarization thereby ■ to compensate for the fact that the wave depth over a part of the length of the Tube continuously or stepwise down to the value 0

909840/0389 - ² -

H65643

and the plane in which the wave depth becomes O in this way in the course of its length of the conductor arranges that at the output the position of the Polarisierungseoene equal to or 180 ° compared to the position on Input -shifted 1st. This can be done by having the Laying level in the middle of the line, or it moves against aas one end in such a way that in the shorter part of the line one Compensation occurs only to the extent that the position of the plane of polarization in the course of the longer 'part is out of the intended Position is turned out. However, since it is advantageous from a manufacturing point of view to maintain the corrugation depth, the hollow pipe conductor offers According to the present invention, the particular advantage that by analogous arrangement of the iibene, in which the helical pitch = 0, a compensation of the frequency-dependent rotation of the polarization plane can also be effected, without requiring an unreasonable additional effort in production.

To counteract the reflections that occur when the helix pitch changes and to at least partially compensate for them, it is of particular advantage if the length over which the wave gradient extends from one limit value to the opposite limit value changed, is an integer multiple of -A-, where under λ the mean hollow tube wavelength of the band to be transmitted is to be understood.

In the case of longer waveguide lines, there is a need to compensate for the frequency-dependent rotation of the polarization plane in a three-band manner. If for this purpose, according to the teaching of the invention, the helix pitch is changed twice or more in the course of the waveguide in the sense of the present invention, it is of particular advantage for the planes in which the helix pitch <= 0 to maintain a minimum distance , which is dependent on the relative irequenabreite Af = ° " ^f 1

where fβ; the mean prequena of the band to be transmitted and ff the upper bsw. denotes lower frequency limit of the band.

909840/0383

U65643

The distance is still dependent on the selected slope angle. This is explained using an example. With a value of I ₀ ■ 4 GHz, a relative frequency bandwidth of £ f «0.1 and an incline angle of 8 ° in the part of the conductor with a constant incline angle, the distance between the planes described above should not exceed a maximum value of 80 λ *

The hollow tube conductor according to the present invention is suitable to a large extent for single lines that have one or more bends. It is advantageous if the vertex aer curvature lies at least approximately in the plane in which the Helix inclination = 0. in this case the area becomes with itself changing helix pitch are at least approximately symmetrical to the apex of the curvature. A nooh better adaptation The curvature ratios are achieved when the length of the curvature is at least approximately equal to the length over which it extends uie helix pitch changed from one limit value to the opposite limit value. One achieves that the electrically disturbed Areas that occur in the area of the curvature are practically identical to those that result from the change in the helix pitch be evoked. It can be observed in general that due to the compression or expansion of the conductor wall in the area the curvature, different electrical lengths of the conductor occur on the inside and the outside of the curvature in the plane of curvature. To an almost complete compensation of the durtfh the compression or expansion of the conductor wall caused Electrical irregularities are obtained if, according to the järfindung, the change in the helix pitch is dimensioned such that if the pipe is not bent, there are the converging extensions Cut the legs of the various angles of inclination in the intended plane of curvature at a point that is mirror-inverted and translatory to the intended center point of the Curvature Krelses lies. The effect is that the mechanical compression on the inside of the curvature does not reduce the electrical path and the mechanical elongation the outside of the curvature does not lead to an extension of the electrical path, so that you have "electrical behavior of the" conductor " in the curvature at least approximately the same as that of the stretched homogeneous waveguide.

H65643

Ee can be seen that for setting favorable electrical Relationships a certain relationship between the mean hollow tube wavelength and the distance between the planes in which the Helix pitch «0 is to be aimed for. Furthermore it results from the previous paragraph that the direction of rotation of the spiral pitch at the exit from a curvature in a given inner direction can only pass into the entry of an opposing curvature, if the advantage of the measures described in the previous paragraph should not be lost.

Pur hollow pipe conductors with a round or elliptical cross-section and several successive curvatures in the same direction or in opposite directions of at most 90 ° each, it is advantageous according to the invention if the planes in which the helical pitch = 0, maintain a minimum distance 1 along the pipe axis, that of the relationship

corresponds, with Λ denoting the operationally intended mean hollow tube wavelength of the band to be transmitted and η means a whole odd z «ah ±, and if there is an odd number of planes between two curvatures in the same direction, while between two opposite curvatures iceine or a straight Number of tiuenen lies.

As far as it is feasible in terms of fabrication and installation, it is advisable to manufacture the hollow pipe conductor according to the invention from a continuous Kohr; this should be £ .23. not be possible for reasons of installation, it is advantageous to to design the curvatures as separate components with any connection cross-section. The components can then be used without essential Loss in the conventional way, e.g. by connecting paddles together.

In general, as soon as production from a continuous tube is not possible, the conductor is advantageously in the plane in which is the helix pitch »0, for example in the case of curvatures in their apex, subdivided and each ladder part as a special one Component formed. This makes it possible to carry out such curvatures that occur in a plane that goes against the

108840/03 ** " ⁵ "

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

H65643

Plane of curvature of its neighboring curvature is inclined.

The figures are partly achematiaoh and show execution and Erlauterungsbelspiele τοη waveguides according to the invention.

In Figure 1, a cutout from a corrugated pipe is shown, whose inner passage is indicated by Di and its outer diameter by Da. The tube has in the left part of the Figure 1 a spiral slope with the constant Wer toi .. Against the In the middle of the figure, the helix gradient decreases steadily up to a marked level in which the helix gradient Oi » is. In this level with the spiral slope oC = 0 changes also the direction of rotation of the corrugation. In the right part of the figure, the helix slope then rises again up to the value -cCan.

In Figure 2a and 2b, the course of the helix pitch over the length Z of the pipe is shown or plotted for a hollow pipe conductor according to the invention in which the direction of rotation of the corrugation changes several times over the length of the pipe. This creates a level in which the spiral pitch is »0. These planes are indicated in Figures 2a and 2b by vertical, dashed lines. In contrast, the vertical solid lines indicate the plane in which the spiral slope reaches its constant value OT or -CC or begins to deviate again from this value towards O. At the solid lines in FIG. 2 a, the pipe can be extended by one step in each case, in the course of which the spiral pitch constantly maintains the value ⁰ ^ or - <& feeibe ~. In FIG. 2 b, this would correspond to a section inserted into the sinusoidal curve, in which the curve runs parallel to the Z-axis. However, in order to compensate for the frequency-dependent rotation of the plane of polarization as broadly as possible, according to the invention the greatest possible distance between the planes shown by dotted lines is limited to one height limit. As stated above, this Höohat value of the distance is a maximum value of ΘΟΛ / with an average hollow tube wavelength of 7 »5 e * (4 GHs), a bandwidth of df = 0.1 and a helix pitch of 8 °.

909840/0383

H65643

Furthermore, the length over which the helix pitch of ilibie - & ■ changes, i.e. the distance between two solid lines in FIG to be transferred tape is understood. The two assessment rules described above can be applied independently of one another, because the first relates to the distance between the planes in which the helix pitch = 0, while the second designates the length of the zone in which the helix pitch is not constant, o (.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a hollow pipe conductor according to the invention , in which, according to the invention, the helix pitch on the elongated pipe has been guided in such a way that the hollow conductor can be bent by 90 ° at one end. The converging legs of the bteigungswihkel-xot and ^ -OT, which are shown in phantom in its extension, intersect in the plane of curvature in a funct m, the and translator mirror images! Sch liegte to that in Figure 3 provided midpoint M illustrated b the Krümmungskrelses In In the course of the curvature process, the convergence of the legs of the angle of inclination shown in FIG. They end position is reached when the extensions of the same legs in the opposite direction, which are shown in dashed lines b in Figure 3, intersect the circle of curvature at the center M and are thus radii of curvature.

In FIG. 4 a, a section of a hollow pipe conductor according to the invention is shown schematically, which is prepared in its course for several bends. The helical pitch is part of de · cut-out in toads! Such that the Require conclusions of the legs of the slope angle in Sparks m 'cut while they intersect ia right part of the cut-in point m ". In the same direction, as shown in Figure 3 a and 3 b correspond to these points the centers M * and M ″ of the provided circles of curvature in FIG. 4 b.

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U65643

As in FIG. 2 a, the vertical solid line here also corresponds to the limit at which the angle of inclination is constant value is reached or deviates from it. Here, too, the areas with changing angle of inclination can be awisohen be included an area over which the angle of inclination remains constant. The dashed lines represent the planes in which the helix slope is «0. From Figures 4 a and 4 b it is easy to find that, according to the explanations above, it is advantageous between two curvatures in the same direction in each case there is an odd number of levels in which the helix pitch = 0, while between two opposing directions No curvatures - as shown in the figure - or an even number of such planes lies.

Pg Schn / Bs

Claims (9)

10/29/1963 claims 1. Hollow pipe, preferably with a round or elliptical cross-section, which consists of a corrugated or bellows tube, in which the shafts or bellows run helically around the pipe circumference and in which the direction of rotation of the helix extends over the Length of the tube changes one or more times, characterized in that the helix pitch extends over a certain length in front of the level of the change in direction of rotation and in the direction of this level too steadily or gradually reduced to the value 0. 2. Hollow pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the length over which the helix pitch extends from a limit value changed to the opposite limit value, is an integer multiple of - ^ r-, with _- * · the mean hollow tube wavelength of the tape to be transferred is to be understood. 3. Hollow pipe according to claim 1 or 2 with two or more levels in which the helix pitch = ü, characterized in that that the levels depend on the required relative frequency bandwidth and the selected slope angle, do not exceed such a maximum distance that the frequency-dependent Rotation can be compensated broadband, e.g. at a frequency of 4 GHz and a slope angle of 8 °, the distance should not exceed a maximum of 80 A. 4. Hollow pipe according to claim 1 or one of the following, which has a curvature, characterized in that the apex the curvature is at least approximately in the plane in which the Wendeletelgung = 0. 909840/0383 * 9 U65643 5. Hollow tube naoh claim 41 daduroh characterized in that the length of the curvature is at least approximately equal to the length over which the helix pitch extends from a limit value to opposite limit value changed. 6. Hollow pipe naoh Anspruoh 4 or 5, dadturoh marked, that the. Change in the helix pitch is such that when the tube is still uncurved, the converging extensions the legs of the various angles of incline in the intended Cut the plane of curvature at a point that is a mirror image and translationally to the center of the intended circle of curvature lies. 7. Hollow pipe naoh Anspruoh 1 or one of the following with a round or elliptical cross-section and several successive ones Equal or opposite curvatures of at most each 90 °, characterized in that the planes in which the helix pitch »0 is a minimum distance 1 along the tube axis keep »that of the relationship corresponds, with denoting the operationally intended mean hollow tube wavelength of the band to be transmitted and η denoting an even number and that between two curvatures in the same direction there is an odd number of planes, while between two opposing curvatures there is no or an even number of planes « 8. Hollow pipe naoh Anspruoh 1 or one of the following, daduroh ι gekenneeiohnet that he also made a »continuous drilling ■ ■■ '* ■ ... » 9. Hollow pipe naoh claim % - 7 or one of the same, daduroh marked that the curvatures as separate components formed with any type of connection. 10 · Hollow pipe according to Anapruoh 1 or one of the following, daduroh marked that the ladder in the plane in which the fendelatigung = 0, for example in the case of curvatures at their apex, subdivided and each ladder part as a special component is trained, Pg son / Ee 909840/0383 ί <° ■ Blank page