DE1460951A1 - Working procedure and arrangement for the lye test in washing machines - Google Patents

Description

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L. Your message from J 899 Lindau (Lake Constance) Rennerle 10 P.O. Box 365 Your sign My message from September 19, 1968

Reference:

Home Appliance Establishment Homap, Vaduz / Liechtenstein

Working procedure and arrangement for the lye test

Washing machines.

The present invention relates to a method of operation for continuous control and change of the degree of soiling of fresh water and detergent existing washing liquor or the rinsing liquid consisting of fresh water and washing liquor in washing machines ^ during the washing of laundry, the fabric of which is electrostatically

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Telephone: Telegraph: Office hours Bank account: Postal checking account: Lindau (06382) 6817 05 4374 patent d by agreement Bayer. Staatsbank Lindau (B) No. 1562 Munich 296

table has chargeable fibers as well as an arrangement to exercise this working process.

Usually a table comes with every washing machine included, from which you can see which and what amounts of detergents in the washing machine during must be added to a washing process, depending on the types of laundry to be washed and the degree of soiling she has.

In the case of fully automatic washing machines, this is added the detergent previously dosed according to the table at precisely defined time intervals using the program switch, without the actual activity of the washing liquor being taken into account. For very heavily soiled Larger quantities of detergent are added to laundry according to the operating tables, so that there is a risk there is that the washing liquor is already oversaturated at the beginning of the washing process and consequently one to has large foam formation, whereby the activity of the washing liquor is sensitively reduced.

It is an object of the present invention to address this disadvantage avoid the well-known washing machines and one

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to provide improved method and a correspondingly designed arrangement by u / which it is possible, the Activity of the washing liquor during a washing process to be constantly checked and the detergent to be added in the correct dosage, both in terms of quantity and time.

The goal set is achieved in the case of the invention Working method for lye testing in washing machines in that the degree of dissociation of the Washing liquor bzu /, the rinsing liquid, as electrical Measured value transmitter is shown, at the same time serves to control the detergent or fresh water supply,

The method according to the invention is used for the regulation the detergent addition automatically as soon as the value of the degree of dissociation shows a reduced activity of the washing liquor indicates.

The invention creates an extremely simple and operationally reliable fflöglichkeit for optimal control of the Washing process. (YIaη achieves on the one hand that the detergent or fresh water consumption exactly that

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meets respective needs, which means that considerable savings can be made. On the other hand, it is guaranteed that the laundry is treated as gently as possible and is cleaned as thoroughly as possible. The state of the The detergent solution is no longer left to chance, but due to the constant presence of electrical measuring or Control values precisely adapted to the respective laundry «

The modern development methods for washing machines have shown that in modern washing machines the washing process for the purpose of achieving the desired The degree of cleaning of the items to be washed does not only take place on a thermal, chemical and mechanical basis Wash items moving in the drum are exposed to the action of lye and is heated to boiling, but that during these processes mentioned also a very essential one and more effective electrical. Process takes place. Not just the fibers of plastics, but In the vast majority of cases, linen and cotton also have a negative static electrical charge Potential while adhering to the fibers Dirt particles are statically positively charged. With the correct knowledge of this fact, the modern detergents recommended for washing machines

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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on then during washing vox going electric Process coordinated and cause a potential reversal represent dirt particles, so that these are also static electrical charge of negative potentials and are thereby repelled by the fiber. In the lye, the dirt particles repelled by lye ions become more opposed Encapsulated polarity so that no new sticking to the fiber can occur. ■ ■

In the event of a very large accumulation of dirt particles, that is, when washing laundry with a very high degree of soiling, the accumulation of ^j tones of the same polarity on each dirt particle disrupts the ionic balance of the wash liquor, which results in the degree of dissociation of the same during the washing process constantly changes. "■ ^: "

Since these considerations according to the size of the degree of dissociation in a causal relationship with "the number the dirt particles encapsulated in the detergent solution stands and conclusions about the animal U / ash liquor still in- "'" resident 'cleaning power is enabled, according to the invention' '

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

continuous monitoring during the li / a sch process the degree of dissociation made and corresponding controls made according to the size of the same "

In order to determine the degree of dissociation of the washing liquor, Biird proposes that the ßleßujertgeber is a galvanic element, whose electrodes are arranged in the wash basin and whose electrolyte is the lye or rinsing liquid or the. Fresh water. is, so that the current between the electrodes in a known manner, a measure of the degree of dissociation. is. . . ■. . - ■ ..- ■■■. -. ■■ ■ -. ■ - ■. . '..

The degree of dissociation of the UfaEh- or rinsing liquor, welebei-ö represents the electrolyte for the galvanic element j ■;; determines the internal resistance and consequently the clamp-r-roe ns pa tin ting the element so that this is used as a control variable use for corresponding controls to be carried out Can be found"

In order to achieve control values of higher performance, it is advantageous to zuiei in the Biasch- bzm. Dishwasher immersion # B To use electrodes ^ which are in an electric current -

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^0F "QWAL INSPECTED

circle whose electrical resistance than the Degree of dissociation of the washing resp. Reproducing soapy water Size is used.

In the case of non-automatic or semi-automatic washing machines, the control variable can be used in accordance with the Control of acoustic or optical signals can be used.

The actuation of optical or acoustic signals through the control variable gives the operating personnel of the washing machine the opportunity to see if and when the Addition of detergents is required.

With certain Ufa sh processes and with certain washing machines, especially with Schnellsaschnaschinen, mag it may be advantageous to control the detergent supply by the control variable not only when a certain degree of dissociation is reached, but rather according to an important feature of the invention Procedure, the dependence of the change in the degree of dissociation on the time as a control variable to use·

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This feature of the invention, according to a control takes place, for example, the lüasehsnittelzufuhr a washing machine _r immediately then "if the derivative ^ related to the decrease in Dissaziationsgrades in unit time a certain preset _he jjj t .... achieved. * The [measurement is carried out with are known per se and differential measuring devices that work very precisely, which means that, for example, sufficient quantities of detergents are constantly fed to the washing machine in order to keep the activity of the washing liquor at the correct level.

For a better understanding, this is also done Reference to the inventor's guideline on the attached Drawings referenced, “rich, in connection with the corresponding explanations of further features and advantages. reveal parts of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows in a diagram the relationship of results of the control variable with the temperature curve of the Ufa schisog s and the an? Reached U / aschgut Degree of cleaning bsifn washing Ufaschgut with a nuEmaX. usual degree of pollution.

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Fig. 2 shows a diagram similar to Figure 1, its Mutual curve relationships arise when meshing very heavily soiled U / ash goods.

3 schematically shows the arrangement according to the invention of the electrodes in the area of the washing bzui. Rinsing lye in a drum washing machine.

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4 shows schematically a possible switching arrangement for evaluating the control variable for switching of a position valve.

Fig. 5 shows schematically the arrangement of dBr electrodes in Fresh water supply area.

When measuring to determine the characteristic curve, according to Fig. 1 was in the area of the washing or rinsing liquor a Drum washing machine a galvanic element, consisting of a copper and a zinc electrode. Arranged and the current measured and recorded by a graph recorder. In the diagrams according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the time course t is on the horizontal component and on the vertical component lime component the current curve ij the liquor temperature in Degrees Celsius and the degree of cleaning of the items to be

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zenten applied, Lan sees that the temperature characteristics Line 1 at a Ziraie side temperature of approximately 20 degrees rises almost linearly, so that Bach reaches the boiling temperature between 90 and IQO Erad to be more or less even. The current characteristic curve 2 shows that the at the electrodes measured current according to the caustic energy warning at the beginning increases almost proportionally, whereby the dust particles detach from the laundry at ettaa 70 ° C. Of the

The degree of dissociation of the ileus hardly changes here, since small quantities of ions are sufficient to encapsulate the small dust particles, so that the ions of the same kind are not disturbed and the degree of dissociation is not changed. However, as soon as the lye is heated to approximately 90 C, the fat particles, which are required to encapsulate considerably larger amounts of ions, begin to detach themselves from the laundry, whereby the ion equilibrium is sensitively disturbed and the degree of dissociation is measurably changed characterized by a uresentlich shallower Uerlauf the Stromkenniinie second Han seen from Figure "1, that the cleaning force characteristic until reaching the Laugentenperatur of approximately 90 ⁰ C in Btesentüchen proportional to the current characteristic curve 2 NSIT runs, then, in accordance with the amended Dlssoziatioiisgradss the Lye, just snappy

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and only after a certain period of time indicates an almost one hundred percent degree of cleaning of the items to be washed, upon reaching which no more dirt particles are detached from the items to be washed, so that the degree of dissociation of the lye is no longer changed, as can be seen in an almost identical curve of the current characteristic curve 2 ^ kbar makes.

FIG. 2L shows the characteristic curve diagram during the Uarglaich very strongly. the figure rises significantly flatter and then falls asleep, since the solubilizing fat paittical a. Form a very high number of ions and then change the degree of dissociation of the lye to an increased extent. ! Klan can be seen from the cleaning characteristic line 5 _fl daff ün ^; This * time pujikife faBispisalsujeiiS a cleaning agrsd of: n 50 % achievedii % a && waäxnt & r. in spite of the continuing IBasOhuorgpnges no longer increases, sa that it is necessary. for example, to supply fresh Ufa's chmitfeeJL · to UJa schlauge at time I; in order to produce the ionic equality of the lye leather and its activity., zju, eHötlen ,, that? through a renewed affiliation: diaiss: StroHikennlinie; 2 denote * -.-, because during this Horgsfigpis iieuaaEÜGli Ifeirteüßhen *

When the laundry is dissolved, the degree of cleaning characteristic curve 3 rises again, until the ions - equalized in the lye - are produced and the degree of dissociation of the lye is changed again to such an extent that the current characteristic curve 2 drops even more. The achieved degree of purification of approximately 80 % can therefore not be increased further, unless detergent is added again at time II and the ion equilibrium of the lye is thus less established, which can be seen in a renewed increase in the current characteristic curve 2 and requires that the items to be washed reach the desired degree of cleaning of almost 100 % .

In Fig. 3, a drum washing machine with the housing 4 and the washing drum 5 is shown schematically, melche is rotatably mounted in a tub 6. The tub 6 is for the addition of a detergent with equipped with a funnel-shaped filler neck 7, the opening of which lies below a flap 8 of the housing 4. In the area of the U / ash or rinsing liquor are in the Wall of the tub 6 insulated electrodes 9, 10 arranged, the terminals 11, 12 protrude to the outside of the tub 6 and with - Corresponding control lines 13, 14 are connected.

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The control lines 13, 14 lead, for example a relay 15, which, for example, a control lamp 16 and / or a buzzer 17 according to the Voltage at the terminals 11, 12 controls. It would be possible, for example, »through a thermostat 18 to prevent the switching process of the relay 15 as long as the increase in the current in the control lines 13, 14 takes place approximately proportionally with the increase in temperature of the washing liquor. However, as soon as the Washing very heavily soiled laundry the degree of dissociation the lye undergoes a great change ^ and the current characteristic 2 according to FIG. 2 no longer rises approximately proportionally to the temperature characteristic 1, but decreases, the blocking of the relay 15 is released and this closes the circuit for the control lamp 16 or the buzzer 17, so that the operating personnel of the washing machine is made aware of that the activity of the wash liquor contributes to the required Level has dropped and an additional dose of detergent requirement.

In Fig. 4 is a schematic application of the The method according to the invention shown in a fully automatic washing machine in which the relay TW

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a solenoid valve 19 controlled uiird, which in a Fresh water supply line 20 to an extinguishing agent container 21 lies. The extinguishing agent container 21 is below the Flap 8 arranged and in a known manner, for example with a sieve intermediate floor 22 and a Outlet line 23 which opens into the filler neck 7. In the extinguishing agent container 21 is A sufficiently large amount of detergent 24 is already filled in at the beginning of the washing process, which is placed on the intermediate floor of the sieve 22 remains and only through a respective supply of fresh water through the fresh water supply line 20 through the sieve intermediate bottom 22 and is rinsed into the filler neck 7 of the washing machine. The control of the solenoid valve 19 takes place in the usual way at a suitable time using the program switch of the washing machine (not shown) via the switching lines 25, 26 and it can be seen that with a parallel connection of the relay 15 with an additional detergent can be added automatically to the solenoid valve 19 as soon as the degree of dissociation the detergent solution has changed to such an extent that the relay 15 appeals to.

Fig. 5 also shows the counter ainBS further feature of the invention method bai

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BATH

a fully automatic washing machine, in which, in addition to the degree of dissociation of the washing liquor, the degree of dissociation of the fresh water supplied is measured at the same time. For this purpose, an electrode container 27, which is equipped with electrodes 28, 29, is arranged in the fresh water supply line 20. The electrodes 28, 29 are connected via relay lines 30, 31 to a differential relay 32, the comparison voltage of which is supplied via the control lines 13, 14 by the electrodes 9, 10. This arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to compare the change in the degree of dissociation of the washing liquor with the degree of dissociation of the fresh water supplied and to regulate the detergent supply accordingly. As shown in FIG. 5 with the dashed lines, it is also possible to control an auxiliary relay 33, which switches a further solenoid valve (not shown), by means of the electrodes 28, 29 via lines 35. Such an arrangement makes it possible, for example, to supply precisely dosed amounts of a softener to the washing liquor in a fully automatic manner, depending on the degree of hardness of the fresh water supplied _x

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Locations connected to the respective fresh water supply lines Need to become.

According to a further feature of the method according to the invention, it is also possible and in dashed lines in the arrangements according to Figures 3 and 4 drawn as examples, the control of the relay 15 by a Provide differential quotient measuring device 34, which is connected to the electrodes 9, 10 via the lines 13, 14. In such a case, there is no need to Relay 15 a comparative variable, for example the temperature of the washing liquor via a thermostat 18, since the measurement of the degree of dissociation of the washing liquor in the unit of time is used as a control variable. Such an arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to For example, the regulation of the automatic detergent supply almost immediately after each entry To bring about a change in the degree of dissociation, whereby the UJasch process is significantly shortened.

Claims

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Claims (6)

Claims 1. Working procedures for ongoing control and change the degree of soiling of the detergent solution bziu, which consists of fresh water and detergent. the one made from fresh water and washing liquor existing rinsing liquid in washing machines, during the washing of laundry, the fabric of which has electrostatically chargeable fibers, thereby characterized in that the degree of dissociation the detergent solution or the rinsing liquid. as electrical At the same time the control of the detergent or fresh water supply is used. 2. Working method according to claim 1, characterized characterized that both the degree of dissociation of the fresh water as well as that of the washing liquor or the rinsing liquid is measured and the supply of the detergent or the fresh water takes place as a function of the difference in the measured values. 3. Working method according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h marked that additionally the dependent - 18 9098 17/0236 ability of the change in the degree of dissociation with time is used as a control variable. 4. Arrangement for exercising the method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that that the transducer is a galvanic element, the electrodes of which are arranged in the Illasch- or rinsing container and its electrolyte is the washing liquor or rinsing liquid or the fresh water, so that the current between the electrodes in a known manner a IYIaθ for the Degree of dissociation is. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized that the detergent and fresh water supply regulating organs in the circuit of the Transducer lie. 6. Arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized characterized in that in the circuit of the transducer windings for actuation acoustically or optical signals. 9098 17/0236