DE1457481A1 - Inflatable item, in particular air mattress - Google Patents

Description

Inflatable object, especially! Air mattress

Bas covered or impregnated with rubber or gum Fabric used to manufacture inflatable items such as rubber mattresses, pillows, cushions and the like, is used is a material which is only slightly expandable. Se was found that the Comfort that an inflatable object offers, especially the comfort that an air mattress offers, It can be improved quite considerably if a fabric is used as the material, which can be used aioh is known and which is at least partially elastic or expandable *

Gel / * 909820/0272

the

U57481

The invention aims at a new application of elastic fabrics or fabrics and relates to an inflatable object which consists at least partially of a fabric or a fabric which is covered or thermoset with a coating which contains elastomers or flaetomers as a basic component, wherein this material has elasticity at least in one direction. The term "fabric" or "fabric" is to be understood in the general sense and this term · - * * druok refers not only to fabrics that are manufactured using a weaving process, but also includes jerseys, knitted fabrics, interlook fabrics, jerseys, not · »woven fabrics and the like. The term elasticity used is to be explained in more detail in the following description on the basis of investigations by the applicant _e

1. Definition of the term comfort or adaptabilityi There are two basic states of comfort or adaptabilityi
a) In a situation determined by dormant people, the

Comfort that can be described as static comfort, very great when enveloping the boo becomes very big. In other words, in the most advantageous case, the

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Booing over the largest surface of the body spread, and under these circumstances the druok spray will be exerted on every part of the body is recorded and the duroh the ratio of the uewiohtea P of the booing to the contact surface S is determined »minimal

This pressure ρ ¹ - S is a measure of the hardness or adaptability of the mattress.

In the case of an air mattress, this pressure p ¹ is the same at all contact points and is the same as the internal pressure of the air mattress: during use, this internal pressure differs from the initially inflated pressure ρ during use.

b) In dynamic terms, in the event of a

the user «on the air mattress neither Significant pressure elevations develop nooh special places where increased pressure occurs. In particular, the elbow should not be the Reach the floor through the mattress, and this is only slightly with the previously known ones This is the case with circumferentially inflated mattresses that have been slightly inflated to meet the requirements of static adaptability. 609820/0272

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Experience shows that with the mattresses known so far, contact with the floor duroh the mattresses through that it can be switched off by inflating these mattresses to a state which is above a limit value Ii.

Under these conditions, the dynamic or movement comfort or the dynamic or movement adaptability received when ι

P> / L

In practice, L is between 8 and 20 g / cm depending on the height of the mattresses

It should be noted that if a certain pressure is mentioned in the course of this investigation, it is it was about an overdruok compared to the outer druok

2 · Investigation of the comfort or the adaptability of an air mattress of a known type. The so-called usage ^{pressure p 1} is significantly higher than the inflation pressure. For example, a mattress that is inflated to a pressure of ρ = 20 ^{g / cm 2 can easily assume a use pressure of p 1} = 60 g / cm 2, which is a measure of the non-conformability or the

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inconvenience

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Mattress is uncomfortable. There is therefore an interest in reducing the value p *. One can continuously ^{calculate p 1} as a function of ρ and determine the minimum value of p *, taking into account the minimum limit value I of ρ.

Let us examine the case of an air mattress is composed of parallel beads of the same height. The rest corresponds to a load P which is uniformly distributed over the entire surface of the beads.

Ss be ι

α is the weight borne by 1 cm of the bulges is, i.e., P of the boo divided by duroh the contact length f

A is the atmospheric pressure f R is the initial radius of the inflated beads

The following relationship is obtained to a very good approximation

p ³ -pp ² «h ³ (I)» it a -

It

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It should be noted that h has a simple physical meaning. Bs in this case is the pressure of use of the mattress, which is based on a pressure Zero inflated and to which the load under consideration is applied.

The equation (i) can be written as follows: 3

and this equation is graphically represented by the theoretical curve (A).

Bs can be seen that the static behavior of the Air mattress is completely determined if one knows the value h, which is only from the radius of the bulges and from the unit load borne by the unit length (om) of the beads.

It can be seen from a consideration of curve (X) that not only is the use pressure p * always much higher than the inflation pressure p, but that the difference between these two pressures is also greatest when ρ is small.

Untarsuoliuiur

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3 · Investigation of the comfort or adaptability of one Mattress near the invention

Let us now examine what increase in comfort or Adaptability can be achieved by using a fabric or fabric that is suitable for the Druoke, which correspond to the usual customary pressures, has elasticity in the direction transverse to the mattress, where the increase in the number of mattresses should be examined, with these mattresses the pressures caused by the inflation create a slight elongation without the is noticeable influence on the comfort or on the adaptability.

In the following it should be determined how this elasticity would have to be, so that the comfort or the adaptability of the mattress is maximal.

Pur the initial pressure ρ and the working pressure p * soll the rubberized fabric is subjected to the following tangential forces:

f = pH and f ¹ = p ¹ .R ¹ , where R and R * are the radii of the mattress beads.

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An elastic expansion coefficient OC in the range of the forces f and f · can be determined, namely through the relationship

1 - I ₀ (1 + Otf),

where 1 and 1 represent the length of a piece of fabric, measured in the direction of the forces, namely in the so-called rest or unloaded state, and for the value f of the acting forces

To calculate p ¹ as the puncture of ρ, experimental investigations were carried out, which are shown in the curves that will be described later, and it can be shown that the use ^{pressure p 1} sioh as the puncture of ρ changes in the same way as in a common mattress' In other words, one generally has the expression.

P ' ³ - PP ^f2 - h ³ . Anyhow, h depends on the expansion coefficient o6

A calculation h can be determined as follows! h ³ - S ² A 1

One can write this expression in a very simple form.

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If in a mattress of a known type of usage ·· druok at a zero Anfangsdruok h _Q, so should the Benutzungsdruok at the start of zero pressure, which determines the comfort of the mattress for a mattress elastisohe h ™, wherein the relationship is

1 .. + 2
be.

4 Let us now consider the elastic fabrics or fabrics, which are used according to the invention «

For a radius of the bulges that is between 5 cm and 10 cm and for a use pressure that is between 20 g / om ² and 100 g / cm ² , the forces that are borne by the fabric or fabric are a minimum of 0.1 kg / om
maximum 1.0 kg / om

It is almost assumed that the improvements in the comfort of the mattress only occur when the values of the usage pressure p ¹ decrease by at least 20 #

This requires that hg be reduced by at least 20 # will.

From it

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A minimum value of the elastic expansion coefficient follows from this OL »which is determined by the following equation:

\ 3

AR

/ i, 2j »1 + 2 Ot

From this follows OL = 5 # per kilogram load for R β 8 cm *

In other words, a sample 1 cm wide of the fabric should elongate at least 5 fi per kg of additional load that is applied.

Any of the fabrics or fabrics currently used in inflatable articles do not meet this minimum requirement of comfort or conformability. These fabrics or fabrics have a coefficient of expansion Qk on the order of 0.5 #.

According to the invention, it is possible to obtain comfort or adaptability well above this minimum.

It can be assumed that the optimal static comfort is achieved by a mattress according to the invention

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the.sioh behaves under the weight of the boo like a conventional mattress known per se who is a sleeper of the same figure, but rests with half his weight.

If h is the value of h for the usual, well-known Mattress is that determines the behavior of the mattress as follows

H *

h, ⁵

so for half the weight one obtains (G * | ~) h ₀ '

practical

The elastic mattress therefore has a value of

^h ch, which is given by the following equation »- y * 1 + 2 GCSA »4 Ck * 19

A strip of 1 on the width of the gummed fabric " fee should stretch by 19 ^ under the influence of an additional load of 1 kg

It was stated above »that the comfort of movement of an inflated mattress is maintained, when the inflated state is above a limit value, below this limit value the

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Danger "ordered that the body hits the floor through the mattress.

Assuming the following values:

applied load per cm of the bead G «200 g / om Hadiua of the ridges R * 8 om,

this gives h ~ «25 g (elastic mattress

QL = 19 1 » per kg)

h »40 g (known, usual

Mattress).

The following table contains calculated values of the initial inflation of the mattresses for several values the usage pressure

Usage pressure
p ¹ (in g water) 30th 35 40 45 50 60 Inflation pressure
one to sioh
known, ex
mattress
(P) impossible
lich impossible
borrowed 0 13th 30th 42 Inflation pressure
one change
according to elastic
a mattress
(P) 12.5 22nd 30th 37 44 56

There inflate i _s t möglieh, the mattress according to the invention from the beginning, much more to the same etatisohen comfort to get p ^f. In other words,

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it

It is possible with the elastic mattress at the same time the static comfort and the movement comfort to achieve·

For a mattress with large dimensions, an inflation pressure of 13 g may be sufficient to achieve the comfort of movement.

The usage pressure can be as follows

for the usual mattresses known to us 45 g

for the elastic mattress 30 g.

5ο Examples:

a) Elastic cotton-nylon fabric with chewing cloth overdrawn.

The Grundatoff is a woven fabric whose warp is made of cotton and has a low elasticity. The sole is a nylon foam and has an average elasticity in the area of use (0-1 kg / om) of the air mattresses, which is characterized by a coefficient Ot of 27 f> per kg, as shown in curve B of Pig. 2 is shown which shows the elongation as a function of the force in kg / om for a sample of 4 om.

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b) Jersey cotton fabric covered with rubber Elasticity on o The sole thread has a medium Blueness of 30 # / kg (see curve 0 in Pig. 2).

ο) Interlock coated with polyvinyl chloride. The average elasticity in the sole is about 50 # / kg (see curve D in Fig. 2)

d) Other elastic fabrics or fabrics can be named

a nylon masonry product,

such

a cotton fabric, which by a / treatment was made elastic in that moisture caused the tissue to shrink, and that this shrinkage has been fixed by treatment with a resin, the resin being a has certain extensibility.

It should be noted that an inflatable article according to the invention has a side or panel can, which consists of an elastic fabric, and a side or panel, which consists of a non-elastic fabric «

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6. Properties and compositions of the coating mixture

Except the usual properties that are known for Air mattresses are required, the cover based on elastomers for the elastic fabric, which is used according to the invention, the have the following special properties:

a) The elongation at break should be high, in such a way that the coating can be worn without bruoh and without loss of Impermeability can take part in large expansions that the elastic fabric allows will·

An elongation at break between 500 and 900 ° C and preferably “in the order of magnitude of 800 ° ” enables satisfactory results.

b) The coating mixture should have great elasticity exhibit, i.e. it should have the ability to return to their original dimensions as quickly as possible and as completely as possible, after which the force that caused the deformation is no longer effective. This feature enables the mattress WE great Anspreohgesohwindigkeit to all B _e

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movements and displacements of the user can be given, whereby the mattress is instantly lent to the new position of the user adapts, and that permanent deformations of the mattress are eliminated after using the mattress may occur·

The elasticity of the coating mixture can by a permanent elongation of a specimen can be defined after a tensile test, the tensile being erentuell is exercised until it breaks.

KLn a suitable coating mixture has a permanent elongation in the order of magnitude of 20 # to 30 $> the initial length of the sample after breakage «

The tensile properties in the "^ ruoh and the high elasticity can be obtained daduroh, d ate the mixture strongly with blastomeres accumulates, wherein, for example, a fraction of 50 j6 up to 65 i» beigibt the mixture.

c) The blastomeres show great sensitivity to in the stretched or drawn state

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Ozone, which has a tendency to attack the blastomeres. The mixture should therefore have a "specific" Contain a proportion of agents that neutralize the harmful effects of ozone »

Among the known chemical compositions that can be used for this purpose are to call:

a wax mass, one to ten ropes for one hundred parts of elastomers of this wax mass can be added;

Diamines, such as, for example, N, IP-bis (i, ^ • -diniaethylpentylj-p-phenylene diamine.

Of such diamines, 0.5 to 4 parts can be added for 100 parts of elastomers

a phenol-alkyl product, its proportion per 100 parts Elastomers can range from 0.5 to 5 parts.

The composition given below is an example of a mismatch based on Blastomeres advantageously used to form an air mattress according to the invention can be:

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Gripe fuml 2Tr. 1 80

GES 1551 20

Zinc oxide 8

TJltraeil TIi 3 15

Suprex clay 20

Zinc stearate 0.7

Braffin. 1

lightly calcined magnesia. 1.5

Gumarone resin 2.5

Sunscreens 8

alkylated phenol 4

Sulfur 0.8

Eetramethylthiuram disulfide 2

dye 2

The properties obtained with this mixture are as follows

Vulcanization time at 130 ° 30 minutes

Breaking resistance in kg / cm 183

Elongation at break 839 fi
permanent elongation near the break 21 96

Young's modulus at 300 f> 17.5 K / cm ² »

7 * test results.

To get the hypotheses and the results,

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given in the foregoing are plotted in Fig. 3 curves denoting p 'as Represent the puncture of ρ, once for known, common mattresses made of one inelastic cotton fabric with; a coating (dashed lines), and on the other hand for Mattresses with elastic cotton-Hylon fabric (solid lines)

The curves were recorded for loads that were 100 g, 200 g and 500 g per om bead, whereby the load was distributed over the entire mattress.

In another set of experiments, the compressed mattresses were matched with a second mattress connected, which was not burdened, in order to represent the practical Pail, that the one who rested only part of the total surface of the mattresses covers. The results not shown in the newspaper are consistent with those in Pig. 3 shown comparable.

To summarize the research listed above, and to improve the comfort,

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aar duroli offered the mattress according to the invention is to show, in Fig. 4 is the change in the apparent G-Ewiohtes one on an air mattress Resting weighing 100 kg as a function of the elasticity of the coated or coated Fabric or coated or covered fabric «In this graphical representation is hatches the area of the values of et for. on*· shown blown objects that are the subject of the invention.

The main benefit " ^which can be seen in improved comfort" is followed by the following advantages

Suppleness and flexibility of the object} in particular an elastic air mattress fits much more borrowed from the form of the resting; the possibility of special patterns or figures or to create special reliefs for the possibility of a comfortable double mattress with a common inflation chamber, with the elastic fabric of the comfort of a first at rest is little affected by the movement of the second at rest |

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"when applying the invention to so-called Inflatable boats are not only given a verb enhancement of the comfort of the bottom of the boat, but also the possibility of creating new porms For example, by connecting an elastic see mattress and a well-known non-elastic mattress you can see a curved wall manufacture j

with mattresses and rubber dinghies it is possible partly to absorb the accidental changes in pressure, which for example duroh a violent one Fall of a body can be caused or by pressure increases caused by heating, the heating, for example, duroh solar radiation can be generated

In the figures of the drawing, an embodiment is shown example of an air mattress according to the invention with an elastic fabric covered with rubber shown · show it}

Pig «5 a top view of the air mattress, Pig. 6-8 sonittansiohten, taken along the

Lines 6-6, 7-7 and 8-8 of the Pig. 5 and Pig. 9 is a sohematisohe Ansioht enlarged scale of a dea ^ rice eingesohlosse ·· NEN Absohnittes A of Pig. 8, which the 909820/0272

construction

Structure of the wall of the air mattress represents represents

The one in Pig. 5 shown air mattress has two independent inflation chambers, the the bottom of the mattress 1 and the pillow 2 correspond. Each of these sections consists of two walls 3 and 4 »which at their edges with ·· are connected to each other, forming a spherical continuous tongue 5, and between see these hands are the two walls connected by transverse bellows 6, which are arranged at regular intervals, whereby the transverse beads 7 are formed.

As FIG. 8 shows, the partitions are 6 with the walls / over the entire length of their Edges connected, but only over short sections 8 that are evenly spaced have from each other. This means that the chambers that are bounded by the beads are marked with * are connected to each other, and that the two walls not only form longitudinal corrugations 9, the arise through the intermediate walls 6, but also transverse corrugations 11, which between the Absohnit * » th 8 are trained «

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TIg. 9

Fig. 9 shows that according to the invention, the two Walls 3 and 4- made of one fabric or one fabric · » be made, which has elastic transverse layers 12, for example made of a sole nylon and longitudinal threads 13, which are only slightly elastic and which consist, for example, of cotton. This fabric or this G-ewebe is on the inside, which is exposed to the inflation air a layer 14, which consists of a rubber mixture, which at least one Has component that makes the mixture resistant to ozone.

The partition walls 6 can consist of a rubber-covered fabric or G-ewebe, which corresponds to the fabric corresponds to that of which the outer walls consist · These partition walls can, however, also consist of consist of a non-elastic covered fabric, with the discontinuous connection between the Zwisohenwandungen in this Pail and the outer walls allow the outer walls to move in the transverse direction when inflated, which is the same sighting as the direction of the elastic threads 12, can expand.

909820/0272 claims

Claims (1)

U.57481 Claims 1. Inflatable object such as air mattress, thereby characterized in that this object consists at least partially of a fabric or a woven fabric, which is coated with a coating based on elastomers or plastomers and which is at least one in one direction Has elasticity » 2 # object according to claim 1, characterized by that the coating based on blastomeres has elastic properties with high elongation at break having. 3 · Object according to claim 2, characterized in that the elongation at break is between 500 + and 900 i » and preferably in the order of 800 i» » 4-O object according to claim 2, characterized by that the residual elongation after breakage is below 30 Ji. 5. Article according to claim 2, characterized in that that the proportion of elastomers in the coating 909820/0272 _gel -iee _h H57481 mixture zwisohen 50 i "and $ 65 is. 6ο object according to claim 2, characterized in that that the license agreement is an integral part or contains several components which give the coating a good resistance to ozone. Subject according to claim 6, characterized in that the proportion of the causing resistance to ozone Average between 0.5 and 10 parts per 100 parts of elastomer is " 8. Object according to Anspruoh 1, characterized in that the elasticity of the fabric or fabric in said direction by a mean elastic coefficient of expansion &. is determined by the equation 1 - I ₀ (1 + CCf) where 1 _Q and 1 represent the lengths of a section of the fabric measured in this direction, in the unloaded state, and for the value f of a tensile force in kg, and that Ck is greater than 0.05 per kg. it. 909820/0 272 9β object according to claim 8, characterized in, that οί. is between 0.05 and 0.5 per kg, Oe object according to claim 1, characterized in, that with a usage pressure that corresponds to an initial pressure Hull equals, and if h and hg values for mattresses with non-elastic material and values for mattresses with an elastic material with the elasticity q £ mean that the relationship is obtained 1 + 2 OLAR » where A is the atmospheric pressure and R is the initial radius of the bulges 11 · Object according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric or the fabric in the direction ela «· stisoh is that of the smallest dimension of the counter * Standes corresponds, and inelastic or only slightly elastic in the direction perpendicular to the first-mentioned direction runs 12. The article according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fabric is woven and that the sole is elastic and that the warp is not elastic or is only slightly elastic.
909820/0272 13 «Subject according to claim 1, characterized by it, that one of the sides or sides of the object consists of an elastic fabric and that the the other side or surface consists of a non-elastic fabric 14 «air mattress according to claim 1 with transverse Bulges »bounded by partition walls» denι between the two side walls of the Air mattresses run, characterized by the fact that the partition walls are made of a coated Ge Weave exist, which corresponds to the tissue of the outer walls, the Riohtung of the elasticity runs across 15 · Air mattress according to claim 1 with transverse - beads that are limited by partition walls * · the, which are between the outer walls of the air mattress, characterized in that the Handlers of the transverse partition walls only .gearranged longitudinally at a distance from one another short sections are connected to the mattress walls 909820/0272