DE1451547A1 - Draft regulator - Google Patents

Description

DIPL-ING. K BLANK 1 Τ \ _γ U _Λ q \ I

θ Munich's I * / * '^ " ^ ¹ * j 1" 3 O 5g

Trogerstrafje 4 / V ti I

⁷ > June J963

Draft regulator

The present invention relates to a draft regulator for furnaces with a burner for the combustion of fuel in one Combustion chamber, in which the fuel is consumed in the presence of combustion air, and an exhaust or belly duct connected to a chimney * The furnace can be an oil-heated hot water boiler be, but the invention is also used in steam boilers BEZW. for gaseous or solid fuels. There are or in the exhaust duct several throttle valves or the like attached, the task of which is to adjust the negative pressure in the combustion chamber and thus the train through the furnace, so that the best possible combustion performance with a high CO_ content is achieved · This negative pressure should be in oil-heated Ifeisswasserkessel preferably one about 1 mm. high water column correspond, while steam boilers require a higher negative pressure, for example 3 - 5 mm water column. In practice, the throttle valve is from Band adjusted, the operating conditions when starting the burner

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must be taken into account, as the combustion chamber is relatively cold and therefore a larger excess of air is required than with normal Operation, because otherwise explosions can occur «The consequence of this is that the hot water boilers nowadays have an excessively large air supply during normal operation work and the boiler output is correspondingly low «

It has already been proposed to achieve automatic regulation of the negative pressure in the combustion chamber by opening the throttle valve is combined with a motor, which for a movement in sighting to the open BEZW. closed position of KLs.ppe depending on the Fluctuations in the negative pressure receives impulses. This actuation is achieved by means of a transmitter that responds to such fluctuations and that the Transmits impulses to an electrical circuit. If this also leads to a certain improvement in the normal operation of the furnace, the disadvantage remains that there is too much air through the furnace must flow through in order to be able to meet the special requirements; Tempering of the burner is sufficient.

The invention therefore aims to completely eliminate the risk of explosions or so-called puffing when the burner is started, while at the same time a high combustion output can be maintained during normal operation. This is essentially achieved in that the motor can be actuated by links in an electrical system consisting, for example, of two or more Iielais and one or more micro-interrupters in such a way that the throttle flap or flaps are held in their closed position when there is a need for heat Heat demand, the engine is started one after the other and the flaps are brought into their open position until the burner has started, and that with every interruption of operation of the burner, the motor is restarted and the flap or flaps moves into their open position until the burner starts, and then the Jfotor returns the flap or flaps to a partially open position that corresponds to the desired approximate negative pressure

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in the combustion chamber. According to a particularly valuable form of execution the negative pressure in the vascular space or abdominal canal activates one Giver who interacts with two or more contacts who have links in the electrical system, for example one or more booster groups add two or more transistorized relays Sen Motor changes in the position of the flap or flaps in the event of fluctuations in the magnitude of the negative pressure in one or the other sighting to walk around *

The invention is described below with reference to one in the accompanying drawings Drawings, for example, illustrated embodiment described in more detail are, and there are also other characterizing the invention Features are specified.

Fig. 1 is a top-down view of a hot water kettle, which is provided with a device according to the invention, with the purpose of To achieve greater clarity, some parts have been cut away.

Fig. 2 also shows a perspective view of a cabinet in which the main part the electrical equipment is housed.

Fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram for a first Hegler.

Fig. 4 shows a transmitter in section and the circuit diagram for one second bowler.

In the drawings, 10 denotes a hot water boiler and 12 denotes one Oil burner with a pipe 14 for the supply of oil and air to the combustion chamber 16 of the boiler. Two electrodes 18 sit in the path of the injected fuel. The exhaust gases escape from the combustion chamber 16 through one Channel 20 in which a throttle valve 22 is attached and which in turn opens into a chimney 24.

For a common design of an oil-heated hot water boiler includes a switch 26 for connection to a power network of usually 220 volts alternating current. Lines go out from this switch, partly to one Thermostat 26, which controls the temperature in a room or in the hot water

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channels Ics Kassels scans, also share a Pyrostaten or Startralais 30 _s in turn, the electrodes 18 provides an ignition coil 32 with stream ₉ u d soklissslich also to the oil burner 12 "piping known link working s © ₉ that once the thermostat indicating W & snefcadarf, the Pyrostat 30 äunächst ensures that the electrodes Steosi get tsnd spark _eraetigen.j before & it Ölteesnar 12 a & sgringt and fuel pumped by the Hohr 14 into the combustion chamber 16 ifeehdea cto Bsanner has begun to work, listen to the Stromsufuhr below the electrodes 18 '

The device according to the invention comprises a reversing motor 34, which is driven alternately with 24 volts Waohselstroji, and electrical equipment, which is housed in the main cabinet in a Schrask 56 and which consists of two handles _; one of them is active when starting the boiler νηά ά®ν the other "with normal operation. Tor first controller ensures that ρ whom. The Tlienaostat a28 shows heat demand, the flapmctor 34 receives an impulse ₉ eo that di @ iO The flap 22 passes into its completely open position, and only then gives an impulse to the pyrostat 30, which starts the burner 12. It is therefore impossible that fuel is supplied before the exhaust gas has had the opportunity to escape through the chimney. A second Hegler takes control of the first Hegler after the burner has started to work

Bsr negative pressure in the combustion area 16 actuates a transmitter 38 which on his side sends impulses to the second controller, whose task it is to the motor 34 after the start, the flap 22 return to a throttling position and then to change the throttling around this, a position corresponding to a negative pressure in the furnace that has been defined from the beginning, while the burner is running. The wide regulator is for regulating the negative pressure with a deviation of only about one tenth mm water column above or below the specified value of the negative pressure seen.

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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After the second desire has done its work, i.e. when the thermostat 28 interrupts, this controller transfers control of the Motor 54 in turn to the first Hegier, who then first turns the burner to Brings to a standstill and then an impulse to the motor 34 to close the throttle valve 22 mediates. Also in this sail you win full Ensure that the burner cannot run when the flap is closed

The circuit diagram of the first Hegler comes from Hg 3, in which it is framed by the Strioh-Punkt-Line 40 * The Hegler consists of a transformer 42, which converts the input mains current to 24 volts * A fuse 43 is on the secondary side of the transformer attached. The Hegler also contains three three-pole HalaIs of known design, each with three contact fingers. The Heiais marked with H1 and H3 work with 220 volts and the Heiais H2 with 24 volts. The course of the lines can be seen in the subject matter * The connections or Lines Fl and F2 lead to the thermostat 2Θ, F3, F4 and F5 to the freezer 30, M2 and M3 to the motor for its flap-opening activity, Ml and M3 to the motor for its flap-closing activity and M4, M5 to a switch 44 on the motor 54 * Der Switch 44 has an arm 46 'which rests with one end on a cam disk 48 which is seated on the reduced motor and flap ramp 49. The flap 22 moves 90 ° between its closed and their open position and vice versa * The cam plate 46 is built in such a way that it only closes the current through the lines M4, M5 when the flap is fully open * This means that the electrodes 18 and the burner 12 cannot receive any current until the flap has taken its open position. A green lamp 50 and a red Laaipe 52 sit on the outside of the door 54 of the cabinet 56 * The lamp 50 burns during the period in which the engine, when starting, moves the flap 22 from its closed to its open position. The red lamp 52 lights up when the motor _f

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after the burner 12 has been switched off, the flap closes completely and lights up then veiter as an indication that the flap is closed.

The way in which the first regulator worked was as follows during the opening of the flap 22! Sas Seiais Rl closes its contacts as soon as the thermostat 26 reports heat demand »Daa relay R2 closes its contacts _f as soon as the throttle valve 22 opens completely and the switch 44 closes the current through the lines M4 and M5. The Seiais R3 brings its contacts into the end position when the motor of the burner 12 has started.

As soon as the burner has been started, the second controller, the circuit diagram of which is shown in FIG. 4 and which has its strobe connections within the dash-dot line 56 in FIGS. 3 and 4, comes into operation. The diesel regulator is operated by the transmitter 38, which has a diaphragm 58 on which the bridge acts in a chamber 60, which in turn is connected via a line 62 to the combustion chamber 16. The diaphragm 59 has a Projection 64, which is articulated on a pin 66 with an arm 68 which is mounted on a pin JO in the housing of the encoder. The arm 68 has a wire-like extension 12. with aw @ i contact points 73 "74 * which, depending on the pressure in the Kaaaser 60, are supported on one of the two fixed contacts 76, 78"

The second controller contains two transistors 80, 82, four resistors 84, 86, 88 and 90, two relays R4, R5 each with two contact fingers and three rectifiers 92, 94 and. $ 6 » Me lines M1, M2, M3 are connected to the motor 34 as before. Ll, L2 and L3 are respectively connected to a green lamp 98 (Fig. 3). a red lamp 100 is connected, which are also attached to the outside of the Tl ^ 54 * These lamps are activated when the lamps 50 and 52 are switched off, whereby the lamp 98 lights up as soon as the motor drives the flap into its open position and the Lamp 100 when the motor is moving in the opposite direction.

A very weak current goes through the lines Gl, G2, G3 in order to protect the contacts 73 »74. These can therefore have very sharp tips

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be executed and thus be built highly sensitive, so that the Encoder for insignificant deviations in the negative pressure from the fixed one Value in the combustion chamber 16 responds. Determine the circuits Gl, G-2, G3 the ßr * direction of the motor 34 t so that »when the tip 73 touches the contact 76 touches, the motor controls the flap in the direction of the closing position » while the flap opens when contacts 74 and 78 are in contact. In this way, the negative pressure during the period in which the burner is active, kept at an almost constant value, whereby an extremely high performance of the boiler is achieved *

When the kettle has been brought to the desired temperature and the thermostat 28 interrupts its circuit, the burner 12 remains Are you standing contact finger of relay R? fall into their ineffective position down, which turns off the second controller. The first regulator only ensures that the flap is closed.

A two-pole switch 102 makes it possible to use the device according to FIG of the invention completely, and then the system works in the usual V / eise.

Should errors or malfunctions in the encoder or the second, in his very limited working area acting controller occur, this transfers automatically does its work on the first regulator, while at the same time one Sunraerton or a light signal indicates that the second regulator has failed is. For this purpose there is an overcurrent relay 104 with thermal tripping provided, which makes the relay R3 currentless, so that the second controller is switched off. At the same time, a lamp 106 lights up.

You invention is of course not on the shown and The embodiment described is limited but can be modified in the broadest sense within the framework of the guiding principle on which the invention is based. For example, the second controller can be omitted and replaced by one Switches of the same type as switch 44 in the circuit are replaced,

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in which this Hegler works as described above · After the engine has fully opened at the moment of the start, it runs backwards and stops at a previously determined position of the throttle valve in which this partially throttles the passage to the belly guard 20. The negative pressure in the combustion chamber will fluctuate around the set value, which is why this design is not as advantageous as the one described above, even if they are used in some cases with a gate part can.

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Claims (1)

H5T547 Expectations. 1 Draft regulator for furnaces with a burner for the combustion of clay fuel in a combustion chamber, in which fuel is consumed in the presence of τοπ combustion air, and an exhaust gas duct with one or more flaps, which are guided into the open or closed position by means of an electric reversing motor that the motor can be operated by links in an electrical system consisting, for example, of two or more relays and one or more micro-interrupters, so that if there is no need for heat, the flap or flaps are kept in their blind position when there is a need for heat, but the engine is started one after the other and leads the flap or flaps into their open position until the burner has started, and that with every interruption of operation of the burner, the engine is restarted and the flap or flaps leads into their open position until the burner starts and then the motor starts the flap or returns flaps to a partially open position which corresponds to the desired approximate negative pressure in the combustion chamber. 2 draft regulator according to claim 1, characterized by a transmitter, a transmitter can be actuated by the negative pressure in the combustion chamber or smoke duct and which interacts with two or more contacts that Via elements in the electrical system, for example, one or more amplifier groups of two or more transistor-controlled relays, bring the motor to change the position of the flap or flaps in the event of fluctuations in the size of the negative pressure in one or other direction to turn 909804/0521