DE1428609A1 - Launching device for projectiles - Google Patents

Description

FHANKPÜET A. MAIN 2. July 1964

WALTER QOLLUNG S ^ T

j Dr. Expl.

Hans BERTSGH M ANN Geneva (Switzerland)
*****

Launching device for projectiles.

The invention "relates to a launcher for projectiles, especially for firing explosive charges, Blow or tear gas sets, signaling means and the same. Such devices fee include a guide rod, one under the action of a trigger standing firing pin and a hollow body sliding on said rod, in its bore a piston is movable, which delimits a variable-volume explosion chamber in which a propellant charge is located is located.

In the novel device, the propellant charge is arranged in the shell of an auxiliary projectile, which is in the explosion chamber is housed. In addition, the hollow body is provided with at least one radial opening to the outlet of the explosion gasesβ of the charge of the auxiliary projectile.

9098Ö9 / GÖG6

The whole is designed and arranged so that either the hollow body or the guide rod by the explosion the charge of the auxiliary projectile are thrown away and that the explosion gases only then through the said radial Exit opening when one of the "two organs" pushes the guide rod or the hollow body have reached such a distance from one another that the radial opening in the hollow body between the case and the projectile body of the auxiliary. bullet lies.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.

FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate a first embodiment of the invention, namely:

1 shows an axial section through the device; Fig. 2 and 3 partial sections on a reduced scale, two

Illustrating positions of the firing process and FIG. 4 is a view of a somewhat different embodiment.

The launcher shown in Figs. 1 to 4 contains a hollow guide rod 1 which is closed at its rear end and is firmly held in a tube 2 which forms a firm support. In this rear closed part of the guide rod T, a firing pin 3 is arranged longitudinally, which is under the action of a spring 4 and which is held in the pretensioned position by a trigger in the form of a radial bolt

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The opening of the guide rod is by means of a massive Covered metal cap 6, which sits on the end of the tube 1 and has e $ ne axial bore 7, which corresponds to the diameter corresponds to the tip 3a of the firing pin. On the front and middle part of the hollow covered by the cap 6 The projectile body is arranged on rod 1. This consists of a cylindrical hollow body 8, the conical Head 8a is closed and the rear open end of which carries a metal ring 9 on the hollow guide rod slides. The middle part of the hollow body 8 slides on the cap 6, which forms a piston in this part. The hole of the hollow body, in its front part, which lies in front of the cap 6, is somewhat reduced in diameter 10 and forms an explosion chamber with a small auxiliary bullet in it the projectile body 11 is arranged, which is held in a case 12 which contains the explosive charge.

The cylindrical hollow body contains in its middle Part of a ring of radial openings 13 which connect the bore with an outer expansion chamber 14, the between the wall of the hollow body 8 and bucket outer sleeve 15 is arranged, which in turn between the Collars 8b and c of the body 8 is seated. The sleeve 15 is also provided with a ring of radial bores 16, which connects the chamber 14 with the outside air.

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The method of operation of the device described is as follows! After the effect of the explosion of the charge in the cartridge case 2 of the auxiliary bullet (hereinafter referred to as the bullet), which is triggered by the firing pin tip 3a, which is thrown through the leather 4 after the trigger 5 is pulled out, the body 11 of the small bullet moves which rests against the head 8a of the hollow body in the starting position of FIG. 1, forwards, while the sleeve is pressed by the recoil effect against the cap 6, which covers the opening of the hollow guide rod. In the short period of time following the explosion, the hollow body 8 moves from its position in FIG. 1 to that of FIG. 2, in which the radial openings 13 are still covered by the cap 6 or by the sleeve and thus the explosion gas is not yet through the Openings can emerge and thus transfers all of its energy to the hollow body 8. In the further course of the process, the hollow body 8 leaves the guide rod and takes the cap 6 and the empty sleeve 12 with it, thanks to the rear fixed ring 9; At the moment when the radial openings through the sleeve 12 are released, the explosion gas contained in the chamber 10 can escape through the openings into the expansion chamber, where they relax further until they pass through the openings 16 to the outside. This relaxation in the chamber 14 reduces the already low noise of the explosion of the small

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Bullet. The recoil can be absorbed by a shock absorber in the tube 2, for example.

A slightly modified embodiment is shown in Fig. 4, in which the hollow body, the throwing body 18 with the Guide wings 19 contains, which in turn is an explosive charge, a smoke or tear gas, optical or acoustic signaling means or the like. with time or Includes service triggering.

Of course, the device for propelling and triggering the firing pin can be used in any other way be executed, for example electrical, electromagnetic, pneumatic oddgl.

According to an embodiment not shown, the piston forming the cover can be attached to the guide rod, so that the latter is also pulled off by the ring attached to the hollow body. In this case, of course, the hollow guide rod is not fastened in the tube 2, but it is merely supported against a firm support.

In this Pail, the rear end of the hollow Füh approximately rod can be open and the propulsion device can be carried out independently of this rod without leaving the device with this.

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5-9, a second embodiment of the invention is shown shown, namely: 'Fig. 5 shows an axial section through this embodiment "at the start of the launch;

Fig. 6 is a partial section through the embodiment at the moment in which the throwing body the device leaves;

Fig. 7 is a view of the device on a reduced scale; 8 and 9 partial axial sections on an enlarged scale in the area of the firing pin device of the piston.

The embodiment of Figs. 5 to 9 includes a launch and guide rod 21 with full cross-section, the rear End is held firmly in a support, for example is formed by the muzzle of a firearm or by a solid floor support. Slides on the rod 21 the rear part 22a of the hollow body 22 for the projectile, whose cylindrical-conical head 23 contains an explosive charge, a smoke, tear gas or luminous gas charge, an optical one or acoustic signaling device with time or impact ignition or the like. contains.

The head 23 of the projectile body is firmly screwed to the front hollow part 25a of a firing pin rod 25, the rear end of which carries the firing pin tip 25. The firing pin 25 can be displaced with its tip 25b by means of a metal ring 26 (FIG. 8) in the bore of the front one

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Part 22b of the hollow body 22 is mounted. A trigger bolt 29 (Pig.8) penetrates radially into the front part 22b of the Hollow body 22 and allows the firing pin spring 28 to be tensioned when the head 25 of the throwing body with the firing pin rod 50 is pulled forward, the Hing 26 being in front of the trigger 29. The front part 22b of the hollow body is connected to the central part of the latter by means of a screw sleeve 27 which penetrates both.

A piston 30, which has an axial bore, slides tightly in the bore of the central and rear part of the hollow body 22 31, which connects the rear space 32 with a front chamber 33 in which a fat plug 34 is located. The piston is supported vea? »E against the front end of the guide rod 21, whose extension 21a, which is reduced in diameter, engages in space 32 with play. The part of Bore of the hollow body 22, which lies between the front side of the piston 30 and the rear side of the sleeve 27, forms an explosion chamber in which the propellant projectile 25 is arranged, which is shaped like a conventional cartridge a sleeve 35b, which contains the charge, and a cylindrical-conical size body 35a of more or less composed of soft metal, which is taken by the sleeve 35b. When the bullet 35 is in the rest position, it falls out almost the entire chamber (Fig. 5) and the The conical tip of the projectile body 35a easily penetrates the grease chamber 33 of the piston 30.

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The rear part 22a of the hollow body, which is a relative. moderately thin Y'and, contains a ring of radial bores 36 'which connects the interior of this part with an outer expansion chamber 37, which is formed by said thin Uand and an outer sleeve 38, which is between a collar 39 and an outer lip 40 (Figure 6) of the hollow body 22a is seated. The outer sleeve 38 may provide appropriate radial bores 41, the Entäpannungskammer 37 connect with the outside air or Indian construction shown with an empty space 42 between the sleeve 38 and a tubular exchanger 43, which is seen with wings 44 Yer and perforations or longitudinal slots having. The carrier 43 is fastened between the collar 39 and a screw nut 4-5.

The operation of the device shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 is as follows: To load the device, one unscrews the front part 22 of the hollow body 22 as well the veraubbtich.se 27 to expose the explosion chamber, the zv-isehen the piston 30 and the front end of the middle Part of the hollow body 22 lies, the piston being supported against the free end of the guide rod 21. Man leads into this chamber a cartridge 35 with its projectile body 35b directed backwards so that it is supported with its conical tip against the grease chamber 33 of the piston. Then screw the sleeve 27 and the front part 22b of the hollow body back in, after the head 23 of the

The projectile shot forward to the firing pin spring to tension, which is held by the trigger 29, which is supported against the rear surface of the ring 26. The front of the shell 35b of the bullet 35 is supported against the rear surface of the screw sleeve 27.

To trigger the bullet and thus to shoot the head 23, it is sufficient to pull the trigger 29 outwards, to thereby release the spring 28 which drives the firing pin 25 backwards and its tip 25b into the sleeve 35b penetrates and causes the charge to explode. The sleeve 35b then acts on the rear surface of the threaded bushing 27, which is fixed to the hollow body 22 and drives the latter forward, while the projectile body 35a of the bullet penetrates into the grease chamber 33 of the piston 30. The projectile body 35 a, which is from relatively soft metal, slows the recoil of the explosion blow; this braking is made even more by the grease plug 34, into which the tip of the projectile penetrates. As a result, the fat is transported through the channel 31 of the Piston 30 pressed in the rear space 22, into which the reduced diameter extension 21a the guide rod 21 engages. The fat spreads over this extension and gets to the rear one Surface of the piston that surrounds the space 32 and forms a thin damping film on this annular surface, which

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dampens the impact of the basket against the cylinder when the throwing body leaves the IT-guide rod. The fat ■ not only forms a dampening for the explosion shock, but also contributes to the sealing of the explosion chamber immediately at the beginning of the explosion. When the hollow body on the guide rod 21 is a sufficient> 7eg back has placed so that the radial openings 36 lie between the G-projectile body and the shell of the propellant, can be contained in the explosion chamber and already somewhat relaxed due to the extension of this chamber Gases pass through these openings into the expansion chamber 37 and from there into the outer chamber 42 and finally into the open. Through this increasing expansion of the explosion gas and, on the other hand, through the propulsion of the hollow body by the sleeve 35b this is given a maximum speed at the beginning of the explosion, and thus the maximum The energy of the explosion is transferred to the charge trapped in the cartridge, so that one can deal with a relative small-caliber cartridge »a much higher propulsive efficiency than could be achieved with a stronger explosive charge in the chamber. aside from that the damping by the piston 30 and its grease chamber contributes to the recoil and mechanical impact effect and so 'to reduce the explosion and impact noise, which is already due to the use of a small-caliber propellant is low.

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A third embodiment of the invention is described in FIGS. 10 to 14 and show:

FIG. 10 shows an axial section through a device of the type in FIG. 5;

11 shows a partial section similar to that of FIG. 6; Fig. 12 is a view similar to that of Fig. 7; 13 is an axial partial section on an enlarged scale

in the area of the firing pin and FIG. 14 an enlarged partial axial section in the area of the bolt.

The device of Figs. 10-14 differs from

is the previous one in that the hollow body is solid / and the The guide rod was shot down by the drifting bullet. The Tmrfkörper 80 is screwed onto the front end of the guide rod 51, which is provided with a thread 51a for example is provided with wings 81 and contains an explosive or other charge in its head 82. on the guide rod 51 is slidably seated by means of the sleeve 53, a hollow body 52, the rear part 52a of which is fixed is associated with an all-round support. The middle part of the hollow body 52 is provided with a fixed rear extension 52a connected by means of the screw sleeve 57. In the rear fixed extension 52a of the hollow body is mediated of the Gehraubring 54, a firing pin 55 is slidably mounted, which carries a tip 55b at the front and with his rear part 55a cooperates with the firing pin spring 58, which on the one hand against the Hing 54 and on the other hand against

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an inner collar 52b of the rear extension. 52a of the hollow body is supported.

The rear end of the extension 52a of the hollow body is provided with a longitudinal sole seat 56, in welGhem the trigger 59 "is movably arranged in the rear hollow

55
End 55a of the striker / sits and holds the striker spring 58 tensioned when the bolt Ms is pulled to its end position and the trigger reaches the end position of the slot, v / o it is laterally turned by slightly turning the striker into a notch 56a in the wall of the hollow body of the slot engages (Fig. 13).

In the bore of the hollow body in front of the sleeve 57 is a sealing displaceable piston 60 is provided, the axial bore 61 of which defines the space 62 with a rear chamber 63 connects, in which there is a grease plug 64 (Fig. 14). The piston 60 is supported at the front against the rear end of the guide rod 51, the diameter of which is lengthened Extension 51b engages in space 62 of piston 60 with play. The part of the bore of the hollow body 52, the lies between the rear surface of the piston 60 and the front of the sleeve 57, forms an explosion chamber in which a propellant 65 is arranged, the corresponding a conventional cartridge made up of a case 65a containing the charge and a cylindrical-conical projectile body consists of more or less soft metal, which is held by the sleeve 65a. Vvenn the bullet with the projectile body

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directed forward in the rest position in the explosion chamber (Fig.10), it fills this chamber completely and penetrates the tip of the projectile body 65b something into the grease chamber 63 of the piston 60.

In the outer part of the hollow body 52, a ring of radial openings 66 is provided which connects the hollow space of the body with an outer expansion chamber 67 which is formed by the wall of the outer sleeve 68, which is between a collar 69 of the sleeve 53 and an outer rib 70 of the hollow body 52 is seated. The outer sleeve 68 can also be provided with radial openings, not shown in the drawing, which connect the expansion ^{chamber 67 with the outside air or, if the T} Jurfkörper 80 according to FIG Space 71 of the tubular support 72, which is open to the rear and is provided with wings 61, communicates.

The modes of action described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14 The device is as follows: To load the device, the front part of the hollow body 52 and the Threaded bushing 57 unscrewed to open the explosion chamber, which is located between the piston and the rear end of the middle Part of the hollow body 52 is to be exposed, the piston against the rear end 51b of the guide rod supports. A cartridge 85 with a forward-facing projectile body 65b is inserted into the chamber

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with its tip against the grease chamber 63 of the piston 60 supports.

Then you screw the threaded bushing 57 and the middle one Part of the hollow body again and tensions the firing pin spring 58 by pulling the firing pin 55 backwards and is held by means of the trigger 59, which is secured in the notch 56a by turning the firing pin slightly.

For firing, it is sufficient to release the trigger 59 to release the spring 58, which penetrates the firing pin 55 with its tip 55b into the sleeve 65a of the propellant projectile 65 and causes the charge to explode, causing the piston 60 and the guide rod 51, to which the V / urfkörper 80 is attached, is thrown forward. Here, the projectile body 65b of the propellant penetrates into the grease chamber 63, presses the grease through the bore 61 into the space 62, which spreads over the extension 51b of the rod 51; On the front surface of the piston, the grease forms a film which cushions the impact during the explosion at the moment in which the Y / urinary body 80 leaves the hollow body 52. When the guide rod 51 has covered a distance that is sufficient to expose the openings 66 in the hollow body 52, which are then zv / ischen the projectile body 65b

and the shell 65a of the projectile are located, the explosive gas from this space through the openings into the expansion chamber 67 and from here into the outside air through the rear opening of the carrier 72 provided with the wings 81

reach. "■

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Claims (14)

Patent claims: M. j launchers for projectiles, the one Guide bar, one under the action of one Deduction standing firing pin and a hollow body sliding on the rod contains, in their Bore is a piston movable, which limits a variable volume explosion chamber, the one Contains propellant charge, characterized in that the propellant charge is in the case of an auxiliary projectile, dias in the The explosion chamber is seated and that the hollow body has at least one outlet opening for the explosion gases the charge in the case is provided, which only opens when after the explosion of the auxiliary floor the exit opening between its Sleeve and its projectile body lies. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the Viurfkörper Device with the. Hollow body, on which the propellant v / irkt, is firmly connected. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the solid body with the guide rod on which the propellant acts, is firmly connected. 909809 / 0OO6 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the guide rod with
at least ia the hollow part and the firing pin is mounted with the firing pin tip in the hollow body. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, d a d u r c h 'characterized in that the piston consists of a with a drilled cap that sits on the opening of the hollow guide rod and the Firing pin penetrates the opening in the cap with its tip. . 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the firing pin sits in the front part of the hollow body, while the propellant projectile with its G-projectile body to the rear is directed and is supported against the piston that closes the explosion chamber. 7. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 and 6, characterized in that e ine the sleeve of the. Bullet is supported against ä ± e bushing, which is firmly connected to the hollow body and has an axial bore for the penetration of the firing pin tip. 909809 / ΟΟΟβ 8. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the firing pin sits in the rear part of the hollow body and the gluteal body of the bullet is directed forward and is supported against the piston that holds the explosion chamber concludes. 9 · Device according to one of claims 1, 3 "and 8, characterized in that the sleeve of the bullet is supported against the rear surface of a screw socket in the hollow body is and is provided with an axial hole for the firing pin tip, 10.Verrichtung according to any one of claims 1, 3, 8 and 9> characterized in that the firing pin is in a solid tubular support is arranged. 11.Vorrichtung according to any one of the preceding claims, since ύ.'Ηι'το hgeke η η ζ ei without t that the Eolb ^ a '^; has a "^ iäiböhruiig," by which two trees are connected to each other, one of which receives the end of the guide rod and the other of the projectile body of the propellant penetrates, - 909809/000 » -χ- JU U 286-0-9 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized marked ,, that a room of the Piston into which the G-bullet penetrates, is filled with a plug of fat. 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow body carries an outer sleeve which forms an expansion chamber for the explosion gas and which is connected to this through at least one radial opening. ' 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosion chamber is completely filled by the propellant in the rest position. 909809/0006