DE1402806A1 - Cold forming of sheet metal and device for carrying out this process - Google Patents

Description

DR.-INQ DIPL.-INQ. M.SC. 1 t "\ "J"? .- γ,

LRECHT Dl. L · * [I. HQGEg- EUG. MAIER - STELLRECH " PATENT LAWYERS ~ "————

^{18 11 1960} 1402806

TELEPHONE: (Ο711) 241555/56 DRESDNER BANK STST. TELEQRAMS: FIDES STUTTGART-S, UHLANDSTR. 16 POSTSCHECK STQT. 387Οβ

OXRIL JOHN BATH

Lucerne Drive, Lake Lucerne, Chagrin Falls, Cuyahoga County, Ohio

Process for cold forming of sheet metal and device for carrying out this process

The invention relates to a method for cold forming of sheet metal between complementary, matching convex and concave drawing molds, whose EOrmflachen both in the longitudinal direction and transversely to this have a curved contour and the

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together determine the concavo-convex shape of the object to be manufactured. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out this procedure

One of the main objectives of the present invention is to have the metal to be deformed immediately before the fo: between the mating surfaces of the draw molds and independent of the drawing operation into one to put in such a state that it is more easily flowable and plastic, whereby it can be forced to more precisely to match the mating mold surfaces when closing the molds, and a smaller one for molding Pressure than is previously necessary «

Another object of the invention is to make the material in a state that is unique to it The objects produced have physical properties which are comparable to, but with the known Methods of cold working in mating draw molds are superior to articles manufactured.

A particular aim of the invention is to remove the material immediately before the draw molds are closed and to treat independently of this by placing it in stretches an area above the elastic limit and below the last permissible strength, where it is made more flowable and plastic,

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and it immediately after reaching the status and ▼ or dar work hardening between the mates Forms the surfaces of the drawing dies.

Another specific aim of the invention is to bring about the final deformation in the decorative molds after the previous stretching and thus the softening of the material, by gradually applying the drawing molds to the material from one end of the molds to the other end, so that during the forming process between the drawing molds the metal gradually flows from the already grasped part to the not yet grasped part and in this way can more easily adapt to the shape of a tent in which the previously grasped sections between the shape surfaces are grasped and contain remain to be avoided where wrinkles and Luf t bags and better physical properties, greater Formsenauigkeit • Ina reduction of spring-back and a strong encryption i the required driving force ringerung - all su compared to the usual procedures sum deformation of metals by means of mating forming molds be achieved.

Another object of the invention is to make large sheets of metal into flat, spheroidal sections with a large surface area, such as the roof and

Sidewall surfaces, the lid and closure walls for the 909845/006 / *

BAD OBiGiNAL - /,

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sur take up the Kotore serving department and for Deform the rear section of motor vehicles and the like, in which the depth of the section or the bulge is thus limited in relation to the surface is that the greater part of the material does not effectively match the usual form-teaching method and be formed because it remains in the closed position of the drawing molds su a large part in the area of elastic deformation and therefore not the takes on the final shape of the shaped surfaces, but see below surüo reverses its original form.

Another specific object of the invention is in this. Deform sheet metal by placing the material in an area above the elastic limit a single direction - sum difference from stretching both in the long direction and in the same direction transversely hiereu - before actuation of the drawing molds and independently of this exposed to tensile stress and by viewing the drawing molds while the material is still held under a tensile load in this area gradually advancing in the direction of pull - sum under-

parted from closing the drawing molds in one direction across the dressing - from one edge of the material, which extends across the direction of pull, can be closed at the other, opposite edge of the material, while the edges extending in the direction of pull

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Leaving the material free so that they can crawl in laterally between the mating surfaces of the drawing molds in a direction across the dressing inward. Here, each particle of the material is held between the mating surfaces of the draw molds from the moment it is caught by them, so that most of the finished article is within the peripheral boundaries of the mating surfaces when the Draw % molds are in their final closed position,

and the finished object in this closed position on a large surface area of the entire surfaces of the mating mold surfaces is detected.

According to the invention, the material is prepared prior to the start of the drawing operation in the drawing forms and regardless of this only ' in a single direction up to the area above

stretched to the elastic limit and here in a state transferred, in which it can be more easily deformed, after which the material in this state with the help of Draw forms and between these both in the longitudinal direction and transversely to this until reaching the final Shape is drawn and each individual

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Cut the surface of the material so that it is engaged with the drawing dies until the end of the drawing operation it is kept that from the end of the drawing operation the shaped surfaces in their entirety are in contact with the material at the same time and the greater part of the manufactured article lies within the peripheral limits of the mold surfaces.

To carry out the method according to the invention, a device is used which is cooperative and self-contained has additional pull forms on a frame, under the action of a corresponding drive between an open and a closed position so back and forth are movable forward that each surface section of the Material, after it has come into engagement with the forms, with these forms until the end of the drawing * operation remains engaged. Pie new device is characterized according to the invention in that the molding surfaces of the drawing molds are adapted to one another, one extending both in the longitudinal direction and transversely thereto have a curved contour and together have a concave-convex shape for the object to be manufactured determine and on opposite surfaces of the metal sheet to be deformed with two Attack rows from opposite edges so

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that the larger! Ceil dee object to be made sioh is located within the outermost pearly greases of the shaped surfaces and these surfaces in the case of completely closed drawing molds, in their entirety, they are in contact with the material on the same side and that stretching and tensioning devices containing grippers are provided, which are located opposite one another Edges of a group or a pair of ties are arranged, alt these edges buüden «and in doing so on the material sua stretching the material a train in itself τοπ a «hand of one group or of a pair of tone edges to sub the other edge of this group or that pair extending direction and in Area above the Elastieltätsgrense. with yourself • wipe the fora material located and at Exercise open forms and move the material into this area while viewing the Zlehforaen f

Hold tight above the Elastlsltätsgrexst and that finally the material between the drawing forms is arranged in such a way that the edges of the others Group or the other pair of edges when closing the Zlehforaen under the action These forms can freely wipe inwards across the direction of pull, the forms can be drawn in.

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Jn the drawing nehrere Aueführungsbeiepiele de · subject of the invention are shown. Ee "own"

· 1 an inventive device eur implementation of the new procedure In perspective representation,

FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a front view partly in section,

■.

3 shows the frame, the swing arm and the drawing molds the device shown in Figure 2 seen in a side view from the right,

4 shows a part of the in connection with the invention Device eu using Strecksiehmeehanis & ue in a plan view,

FIG. 5 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 4 in a side view partly in 3 section,

Fig. 6 the main part of the sun StreckBiehneohanisnus in a plan view partially in section,

7 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 6 in a side view,

FIG. 6 shows one of the clamping jaw sows sown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG in a side view in an axial section in an enlarged Mafiatab,

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a 30 8 * 9 ι * 14 028C6

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Fig. 9. dee scarf tea theme of the sur actuation of the serving the wrong direction of the gate hydraulic circuit,

Flg. 10 a modified embodiment of the device according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view.

11 shows a modified embodiment of the drawing

foratn for that shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 10 Invention device in perspective Cash position and

12 shows a modified embodiment of the drawing dies according to FIG. 11 in a front view.

To & Zweoke of explanation, the novel method and the zti its implementation serving device according to the invention will be described in its application in the production of Karosserle- and wall surface parts of the Kraftfahrseuge τοη heut- * to light, such 'as the Bach, sidewall and door areas, the cover and locking walls for the compartment for accommodating the engine and for the rear compartment, which makes the production of files of this type associated with particular difficulties which can easily be overcome with the method according to the invention and the new device.

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Such body and surface parts exist usually from a large sheet of metal, the su one very flat spheroidal section has been rerforat iat, which has a large surface and a depth eo small and ao limited compared to this surface, that most, part of the llateriale is not through the usual Drawing process with drawing molds to the final shape YWf omt can be. This is due to the fact that this major part of the material below the

Elastic limit dee. Kateriale remains and thus when closing the molds and even with already closed molds only within the range of elastic deformation remains. ·

When pulling these body and wall panel parts. in In the usual way, the edge of the sheet is held down by the hold-downs * or clamping elements of the press detected and the entire area within the edges of the drawing dies drawn by placing the drawing molds, by holding them parallel to their end during the entire drawing operation. valid closing division leads. As a result, hiarröa takes place . most of the stretching and pulling in a tight

Area within the captured by the hold-down organs

or edge -

Scope / place. In this case the metal is In this one

Range quite often by stretching beyond what is allowed Limit is overused and it becomes thinner, while the larger part of the bleoh, which is more in the cement,

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not continuously stretched by a significant amount will. Instead, the undisturbed central part becomes only compressed. and cold solidified »what-one does Leads to hardening of its physical properties

• * ■ · 4

Because of these phenomena, a constant high quality and an accuracy old eye on the Dimensions are not often achieved, so reworking Often necessary from tape 1st. .

If it has already been mentioned, the method according to the invention Ib general & ea consists in that one section Vstallbleeh, -rorsuttswelee in a single direction independently γόη and before pulling with ornamental shapes up to in ^ stretches the area above the latitude and that A «n the sheet metal immediately afterwards, eu lie the llettll is still due to the stretching that goes along the way up to an area above the Elastlsltätsgrense des Material is in a plastic, flowing state and see from the streoken the fealtverfestlittng revealed «svisohen brings the matching fleeing of the tlehforsen · ... -

In the case of some metals and shapes, the exertion of the pulling force of the insertion of the sheet may wipe the gate. Shapes are interrupted when the pulling follows the stretching within a few seconds while whichever the plastic state as a result of stretching

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still continues and before the work hardening occurs * However, the exercise of pulling force is also preferred during the closing of the drawing molds with the help of the drawing molds continued independent means.

Ea it is further desirable that the pulling in a single direction in the region above the elastic limit according to the method described in U.S. Patent 2,810,421 of October 22, 1957 is · This process differs from the known process, in which rectangular sheets at the same time in the lateral direction and in the direction of the two ends with the help of stretching devices that attack on all four edges.

The drawing fora are crossed by a gauge in the direction of pull to the direction of pull extending sheet metal edge sub opposite edge progressively brought into effect · The Forms are designed as drawing forms, and as soon as "any surface area of the sheet metal between their Matching cloths lie on top of each other he »wipe these surfaces up to the end of the drawing operation, so that in each case the entire area of the drawing fora at the end attack the material during the pulling operation. Pulling in a single direction up to an area above the elastic limit is set before the mold closes and independently of this effected by external means

and is preferably from the beginning to the point in time 909845/0064

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continued when the molds are in the closed position · Ia indicated cases let one close very short period of lingering following the forms of forms desired in their position. When pulling in a single direction will be moving in the direction of the

Tensile force extending edges of the sheet are left free,

the edges so that the metal of the sheet can crawl and / during

the closing of the molds transversely to the pulling direction inwards can be sucked.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the new Method, the tensile force during the closing of the drawing molds can be reduced so that the drawing by the external traction mechanism regardless of the closing movement of the drawing dies in combination with the through the attack of the drawing dies on the metal caused drawing " The process keeps the metal above the elastic limit during the closing of the drawing dies. This will reduces the likelihood that the tensile stress as a result of the drawing by the drawing dies in combination with the tensile stress originally exerted by the external means overstress the material or the tensile stress exerted by the material beyond the elastic limit can also increase »

The best results are obtained when the material

is stretched in a single direction / and the draw dies

gradually in the direction of movement progressively closed 9 0 9 8 k 5/0 (f 6 U

- 14 -

as this gives the metal the opportunity to flow, the creation of τοη files, air pockets u to avoid *

The drawing forms used differ from the Shoes described in the patents, either in the form of a friction shoe or a roller Od. The like. Can be designed. Although these molded shoes are designed as a kind of drawing form and at

material exposed to external stretching stress
/ are gradually applied to the material from one end to the other and brought into action on it, these shaped shoes are of such a type that at all times there is essentially only line contact between the material and the shape or the shoe, and each is under the influence of the shaped shoes brought area is released immediately afterwards, so that at the end of the molding process no part of the material is in contact with the surface of the shoe or the mold only with the exception of a contact line at the outermost end.

If in the following it is said that the material is drawn in the longitudinal direction, this is not mandatory understood that the pulling takes place in sighting the longest dimension of the material »This term is has been chosen solely for the sake of convenience

the direction of pull with the direction in which the closing 909845/0064

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movement of the drawing dies takes place, or with the direction

in relation to the free edges of the Material crawling towards the inside of the mold · The "one-way" cake has been used to limit the pulling described above to pulling au only in the direction of a single dimension takes place, e.g. B. in the longitudinal direction of the material or transversely thereto, but not in both directions at the same time.

In the following it is also said that the sheet metal between one of the complementary drawing forms until they fail the final desired shape is deformed, but when the drawing process is complete, the entire Surfaces of the drawing dies are simultaneously in contact with the material and most of the molded Objects are within the scope of the curses of the forms is located. This expression is primarily rooted in order to distinguish it from the so-called "Staucnverscbrinken" or "Joggein" ("Joggling") emphasize + B, at dta tim «roOtr object mm a seitenflftcmtmform ("side face die") and then on the object • in any kind of department. This Jtauchvcrsoha & nken or Joggein is known and is described in US patent specification 2 514 830 of July 11, 195o ». This procedure includes the JoggtIform ("Jogglins the ") and the side surface shape around which the material is stretched, not of the kind of suaaanen-909845/0064

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suitable drawing forms of the type described above, in which substantially the entire circumference of the article lies within the circumference of the mold surfaces and in Wipe essentially all or at least the greater part of the material at the end of the drawing operation matching surfaces of the shapes is included.

In the fig; 1 to 9 is a preferred embodiment of the device shown embodying the principles of the present Invention embodies «This machine includes a main frame 1 which, for reasons of convenience, is used for the description is assumed in a horizontal position · The frame 1 consists of lying at a distance from each other «» the rare parts 2 and an upper part or table 3. A printing or drawing form 4 is fixedly arranged on the table 3. In the example shown, form 4 is designed as a convex drawing form.

A supplementary concave drawing die 5, which has a forming surface that matches the forming surface of the drawing die 4, is on Frame arranged so that it can be made to interact with the mold 4 and to deform the between the matching, complementary curses of forms 4 and 5 of inserted sheet metal contributes.

Forms 4 and 5 are of the general type, the is used for drawing in the usual presses

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where a metal sheet is placed between the molds and its periphery is held in a fixed position with the aid of suitable hold-down devices engaging the periphery of the sheet metal, while the greater part of the sheet is drawn by closing the molds over all of their matching mold surfaces at the same time , where they are kept parallel from an open position in their final closed or mold division are moved. Because the circumference of the sheet is held in its fixed position, i

the metal just stretched through the molds.

In the present case, the material is in a single direction independent of the drawing forms before the start and sucked during the drawing process. The material is preferably attached to the trimming extending Edges are not held and the molds are closed in such a way that the mating mold surfaces are on Material gradually from one hand to the opposite Edge in pulling direction; attack progressively. These changes provide various benefits »To the To store the mold 5 so that it gradually moves from one end of the molds to the opposite with respect to the mold 4 Know to be progressively closed towards the end, a swing arm 7 is on one of its edges with the aid of a pin mounted pivotably on upstanding supports 9 on the rigid frame 1. These upright supports are on the side

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Spaced from the frame and the arm * J 1st au "formed in the lateral direction at a distance suelnander lying plate parts 10, so that the both with a Foraraua} too late as is readily tugingllch from the sides of the device forth ·

Among other things, swivel the swing arm on the pivot pin 8 around su, units 12 are on the pivot pin 8 opposite end of the arms provided. Each unit 12 contains a cylinder 13 in which a piston 14 goes back and forth is movable forth · The Solben has a rod 15, which via a swivel cup en 16 with dea "dea 3 swivel cup 8 opposite end of the Araa 7 · Each cylinder is connected at its} lower end by a swivel pin17 Old connected to the frame of the device · Ss two such units 12 are provided, and they lie laterally at a distance from each other and to »frame of the device at the lateral outer ends of the Ar »? So that they can access sua ifermreua from this» end do not prevent the machine. If aan a Druokfluidua the rod ends of the cylinder 13, the arn including its pivot pin 8 are pivoted around downwards, including the drawing fora gradually from an edge on others progressively start. If you have Druokfluidua the head ends of the cylinder 1J, the Era to be raised to the starting position.

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Since the material is subjected to a stretch leaning process, suitable spinning media are provided in opposing baths of form 4, which are placed in a single filontion in an area above the elastic size before the start of the and leave this pulling force while closing the molds. Forming clamping devices can "if desired, be the same" for reasons of economy, however, it is preferable that the clamping devices on the pivot pin 8 designated side consist only of an 8paxm head that can be pivoted around a horizontal, fixed pin eloh parallel sua Sohwenksapfen β extends. In the opposite bath of the forms, a clamping head is used which is connected to a hydraulic unit consisting of a piston and a cylinder in such a way that it can be pivoted about a horizontal pivot pin which extends parallel to the socket 8. The hydraulic unit is arranged in such a way that it resiliently looks away from the head ( on the opposite side of the mold, the clamping head assigned to it) and the material is resiliently sucked between the heads in a single movement, which is the difference from the known methods in which the material is sucked on both sides lengthways and across

Si · clamping means on the Sotenksapfen 8 adjacent The end of the device contains a streak head 2o, to which a plurality of actuators 21 is detachably attached.

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The griffins »21 are arranged in a row, the ■ extends across the device · You are at the head 2o adjustable and adjustable attached to that you have a Form gripping devices that can be calibrated along if desired a Kurt across the machine and something dta cross section of the convex curve-like fora. 4 ent speaks when such a form is used

Su this "purpose let each gripper using \ tap into a rotary * 22 T-head combined with a carrier 23 old, the in base rights - direction in suitable guides 24 la head 29 slidably let" adjustment screws 25 which are arranged the supports 23 , aind zua adjustment of the heights of the grippers 21 is provided independently of one another. The grippers are old Druokfluidua via suitable Rohranschlüast, which are indicated generally at 26, supplied to that they can all be opened and closed simultaneously in a manner known per se.

While the specific construction of the jaws does not form part of the present invention, it is better Understanding the Invention A Set of These Jaws In FIg * seized. Each gripper 21 is at its front end open and old, inward-facing Hoekenflachen 27 ο

J £ provided, »wipe them with complementary gripping jaws 28

^ are located. Oils jaws 28 have outer curly surfaces that

o Are arranged so that when they are against the front

°> The end of the gripper 21 su are pushed forward on each other

su can be moved and if they are from the open end after

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be withdrawn at the rear, move away from each other, to release the material. The jaws are connected to a common piston rod 29 of a piston 30, which can be moved back and forth in a cylinder 31 and gripper 21. Drudtfluiduia can be supplied to opposite sides of the cylinder 31 through lines 32 and 33 and withdrawn from there through the lines "so that the piston can be forced" to move forward or backward as desired to close or loosen the jaws "

It sometimes happens that because of the small distance the gripping jaws 28 apart in the longitudinal direction of the Heihe the material in the gaps Syrian the grippers not until it is stretched to such a high degree, and the As a result, the material tends to fill out wrinkles ^ < which extend in the direction of pull from these gaps to the opposite hand of the material. This is often the case when it comes to others as relatively soft metals.

In such cases, a single gripper of the same type as the grippers 21 can be used, but the length of which is that of the entire group of grippers in the longitudinal direction measured corresponds to the row of grippers »This ensures that the gripping force over the entire Length of the captured part of the material is continuous

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and consequently the tensile force is applied evenly to each violet along the grasped Ilaterialabechnltee. If desired, the gripping opening of the gripper can run in a curve transversely to the pulling direction ₉ so that the gripped edge of the sheet "runs across the pulling direction approximately corresponding to the associated section of the pulling fornea before the material is introduced into the mold"

. ftean only a few sources of the same kind are to be shaped «can« have the same effect, while using awel continuous gripping jaws swi «· see 6en fiaoken 28 used, with the continuous or uninterrupted jaws extending without interruption over the entire length of the sheet edge and in this way actually unite • inaigen (form grippers.

The entire Streokkopf 20 let around a horizontal axis | r herujD pivotably mounted, however, for this purpose horizontal pivot pin 35 is provided through the the head 20 with suitable supports 56 aa frame of the Performing is connected · By pivot pin carries the Head 2o act that it swing up and down can and can align itself and the gripped sheet better with respect to the surface of the For »4.

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Supplementary tensioning means «at the opposite end of the fora contain a head 40 to which a ttehr-MbI tone are connected to 41, which are the claws 21 · The head 40 can have the shape of a single claw, as in connection with the head 90 has been described. The head 40 is in turn connected for a pivoting movement, inter alia, a horizontal axis by a pivot pin 42 bit of a piston rod 44 'of a horizontal unit 45 which has a piston 46 and a cylinder 4'. beaitst. The cylinder 4? ta is pin mounted * 48, DSFI he u »a horizontal axis wersehwenkt can" ground. The axis of the pin 42 and the pin 46 are parallel to the axis of the pivot pin »8.

The pins 48 are in suitable, upstanding walls of a frame 49 stored · On this VTelse the Clamping chucks 20 and 40 are swung opposite one another Binder dea sheet metal capture sa. Meanwhile, pressurized fluid «« j the very special bath of unit 45 the material Ia can be stretched in a single direction to the desired degree. The line deficiency the unit 45 is so large that it extends to sur and over the Slestislt & tsgrense go out or even to sur Grena » strength can go. Usually the clamping head 4o is arranged so low that the material through the The clamping head 2o sucked over the left edge of the Fora 4

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However, during the first stretching operation, the material is preferably held otter below the forming surface of the fora 4. For this reason it is desirable that the head 4o swings downwards after the initial clamping and before starting work with the drawing molds, so that the material on the mold 4 gradually undergoes a stretching operation and around the left edge of the mold 4 around pulled down · to this end, the frame 49, the unit door 4 *? arranged on a swing arm 50. The arm is connected to the frame by a horizontal pivot pin y \ , so that the arm 50 and with it the frame 49 from the position shown with full lines in FIG. 2 up and down at least to and below the position shown in FIG 2 can be pivoted position indicated by dashed lines · Between the side parts 2 a space is provided so that the frame 49 itself can be pivoted further downward beyond the position shown.

In order to pivot the frame 49 downwards, a unit 52 is provided. This unit contains a piston 53, which has a piston rod 54 and in one Cylinder 55 is movable back and forth. The piston rod is connected to the arm 50 by means of a pivot pin 56. If you have pressurized fluid around the atangal end of the piston, the arm 50 can be pivoted downward

and if you use pressure fluid to the opposite 909845/0064

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When bathing the plunger, the arm can be raised to the desired starting position · The unit 52 can ■ with the «frame» with the help of a pivot pin 57 see above be connected «so that it can align in a suitable manner during the pivoting of the arm 5Q ·

Druokfluldttm will file the operation of the device With the help of one driven by an electric motor M Appropriate.Pampe P supplied via a line 60, too which the three-way valves 61 «62 and 63 connected in parallel Bind The valve 61 is connected to the 4 unit 12, the valve 62 old of the unit 45 and the valve old of the unit

When operating the device in the preferred embodiment the units 12 are operated to put the Ar »7 in its uppermost position and in this way Forms 4 and 5 across their entire lungs from each other separate «u hold · In this state, the lead material to be formed is held by the grippers of the heads 20 and 40 the clamping device detected. If the arm is still in the starting position and before the beginning of any activity of the forms, Druokfluidum becomes the atangal side End of the units 45 suqefegu to on the material a train to Elaatlsitstsgrense and over it Exercise beyond limit · This move is preferred

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Λ 30 869 h U028Ü6

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in area above the Slaatimitatsgrente during the entire Verforaungaoperatioa either by the

Spaxuiiiittel alone or through the clamping device and suduroh

Eütslich / the friction suction of the drawing fora 4 and 5 »like explain later on eeln is "maintained"

while looking at the material, under the action of a bow force above the elastic limit due to the freaking, independent of the activity of the drawing fora, the units are 12 pressed to lower the int 7 in “Da der Ar” and others Sohwenksapfen 8 if you want to be waved, they will fönten 4 and 5 aran & chet aa hand ia der iraohbarechaft dee 3ohwenksapfen * 8 closed and capture both Pages of the material switches their complementary ones sasajven-fitting areas. While maintaining the pulling force the foraen ton of the end will be at the height of the pivot pin * 8 in the direction of the opposite Gradually end in the near future of the head progressively closed.

The drawing hole 4 is Torsugsweis · near the top of the convex and curvilinear, both generally lung and cross-section siüiebilden · The for «5 is correspondingly quiet downward * u concave. Vie with many drawing forms " but can be the central selling point of the form surface of the Fora 5 to be omitted »if not a beast ~ ** Kritiecaer area old should be shaped for your help «

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Usually it is due to the pulling action of the peripheral »sections of the iiehforaflachen and dee Central section of the convex drawing form not required, Ib stntralen rope of the concave drawing form tints sna corresponding convex section matching Provide flat abutment, 4 »the llateritl over stretched the central part of the convex drawing shape vad la suitable width is formed that it is its shape accepts.

As a result of the possible closing of the Zlehfexsiea of one edge sva another sand in Sugriehtong and because that Haterial is kept in pleatlsohes condition since it until it is sucked into an area above the elasticity, the metal tends to move in the direction of the sahlit * v flow in rig «2 from right edge si» left edge of the shapes. It is equilateral Metal precautions free and not by any foreign holding means on the extending in Zugrlohtung The edges of the shapes are held and the freedom of movement restricted. Since the metal is free and across the train * direction «wipe the forms can crawl into and under the influence of the form flee and the outer fresbn Tensioning and pulling means can flow in the direction of pull, takes dt> s metal easily torrn the sueammenp & esenden surfaces of the drawing molds. Any wrinkles and the entrapped air or lubricants or the like. are "ironed out * and removed in the direction of the bottom.

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A 30 869 h

18.11.196o 28 -

The normal endeavor of the metal sheet, crosswise to the pulling direction, is supported by the tiling of the metal near the inside crosswise to the pulling direction, little molds into it and the adaptation of the metal to the shape-mating surfaces. As soon as a metal part is gripped by the matching surfaces of the mold, it remains in these shapes during the remaining part of the mold-casting operation, so that at the end of the mold-closing organ the object or the larger part of the mold remains inside Because of this combined stretching and deforming with visual molding, the finished metal object retains its shape even when there are changes in the conditions in which it is located, ie when heated to high temperatures, etc. Instead of twisting from the outside su ▼ ersifhsn and su under the influence of temperature fluctuations or under the influence of stresses exerted vertically on its surfaces, the object retains its original
/ Shape or return su this surüek.

When you want, the head 40 can be lowered so that the entire sheet metal before the beginning of the closing of the concave drawing form 5 a stretched line approximately transversely sur convexa Drawing mold 4 is subjected. On the other hand, desiredfails dar head 40 se are arranged that the sheet not completely on the drawing fora 4 during the

see before starting the bottom casting of the drawing mold 5 up-909845/0064

- 29 -

is laying. The stretching and closing of the drawing form 5 can continue to progress, so that the material is actually hung between the two drawing formes bit with the help of the heads £ 0 and 40 V ₀ B at ^the point where the closing begins _v on to the left and thus during the Closing of the drawing molds is less due to the pulling force exerted by any of the molds being retained and inhibited as a result of the friction. When the area has been formed in the properly flat width, the heads 20 and 40 are loosened and then the screens 4 and 5 are opened and the laying stand is removed.

The new procedure and the new device are im special on production of the body and Vend » fl & emtolle, which are previously described above, suitable. If this fell in the perfect way are provided, they are free from what is called "oil oanning" in English. beseioanet. Bite is a pleasure place in which the leohweAd at the carrion of a Brooke on the conrex since de bulging edge parts * over the dead Seatrum minams in the direction of the exercised dnioke snaps and aa 4er Side on which the force is exerted, a neoh outside has a concave area "

When cold forming «the countercurrent according to the present * dom Evfimduni and as described above cr & ült das matevial

«• Ine finalisss Oestalt duroh the effect of the loan forms, 909845 / 008Λ ' _BAD

- 50-

14028C6

A JO 869 h

- 30 -

however, while it is in the more plastic or flowable state it creates it will be possible to close it directly or during the sole casting of the drawing molds down to the area Stretches above the elasticity level.

Been VI · mentioned above 1st, one can stretch the metal to above the Slastlsltätsgrense so as to make it plastically and was then form within a few seconds and Goal is hardening in the pressure molding · Si ·· 1st it "urücksufuhren _v that the ■ • tall »once it has been stretched beyond its slastisltätsgrens · remains for a side space of a few seconds la plastic or flowable groping, so that ·· more easily formed comb · Bemsufolg · came from the stretching and • paaamlttelm removed and In a · special print or prelude * date and let this be repaired with some Yo * - aeformt · team also by this procedure Yavteil · gafeaahtf the received, usual Vat ».

• ■ • It will be kteem, but did not come on as ** Lent Tevteile dee above be «ohrlebmna Terfahrea · cheer up.

S 74

** ilsae ermlelm, meam da · route », mabhfingig from the dm

^ SUhforaem «ad la a flexible direction takes place · Κ · * »« works »in · mm« »·. Iwmetrukter of the finished Iraaagjaia ···, as «aaji das Katari ·! by the strange, independent Clamping devices in other directions, see e.g.

BAD OfiiGiNAL

11/18/196 ο - 31 -

probably stretched in the longitudinal direction as well as in the transverse direction will. If the material is sucked in several directions and subjected to streokslehen, can The wipe “leans so easily across the direction of pull”

flow into it, and air is trapped, and it folds, and the object is bent doesn't paint his form so well. Dm pulling the material In the present case, in the lateral direction is achieved by the visible effect of the drawing molds.

fofflugswetae is the tensile stress above the Haetislt & tagrense sustained until the molds, as expected, genes are closed. In many tills the material, while the molds are held closed on the object, can undergo a continuous pull be subjected by suddenly reducing the pressure in the unit belonging to the stretching and clamping means increases. If this is the case with both of them loading of the material is desired, the head 2o can be filled with the same unit as the head 40, so that when the shape is closed form the edges at the ends of the material stretched in opposite directions can be, while the middle part of the material because the shapes can be painted by friction in a fixed position · This sus & tsllehe stretch has that Aim to adjust the material along the sanders and tensioning

909845/0004 -32-

BATH

A 30 869 h

11/18/196 ο - 32 -

In the embodiment shown, there is over the scope of the geaasted object a relative fluff bulge and the closing of the draw forums does not greatly increase the tension on the material. In some pinnacles, however, the forces issue »thread dee closing · a considerable virtue. You combined Effect can lead to the fact that the material both in Longitudinal direction as you are sucked sideways, separate the pulling caused by the Zlehfora in the direction de · fluge · be exercised independently of the forms Tr & ehtllch is «it can sun pulling the material through dl · foreign clamping means »such as heads 20 and 40, can be used »In this case the train will sun over ·» stride the Slaetlsltätsgrense old help of the heads 20 and # 0 are determined and generally generated. However, when closing the molds a considerable pull hlnsukommt, through the «an to the last sultry Strength of the material or so far upwards in the area above the slastisitätsgrense The original tensile stress during the closing of the molds is reduced, so that the pressure caused by the heads 20 and 40 sucked pull and the pull given by the molds themselves as they were closing absorbs the material above the elasticity limit but below it last suläeeigen stability.

In the Flg. 10 to 12 is a modified version the machine shown essentially in the 909845/0064

- 33 -

14028C6

A 50 869 h

November 18, 196o - 35 -

The same way as the machine described above works * The modified embodiment contains • in a rigid frame 70t on which a convex drawing die 71 and a concave shape 72 complementary to this is provided, these shapes being included in the category of Zjompreseione Zienformen belong. The molds can be mounted on supports as shown. They are arranged so that the pulling by extraneous means takes place in the direction of their kuraen dimension and they are also in the same direction gradually closed. However, the shapes are on one edge with the help of a pivot pin 73 connected together so that they are in the same catfish wi * the forms 4 and 5 described above from the open * can pivot into the closed position. On opposite sides The edges of the molds are provided with external stretching and tensioning devices that are independent of the material of the (activity of the drawing forms up to an area above its elasticity agrenae. The stretching units these stretching and tensioning means are identical in shape and mode of operation, so that only the unit at the left end of the device will be described in detail got to.

Each stretching unit contains a gripper head 75 which can correspond to the heads 20 and 40 described above. Each head 75 is by means of a pin 76 with a Rocker arm 77 connected around a horizontal axis

909845/0064 J **. _

14028Q6

A 30 869 h

18.11.196o - 3 * -

▼ can be considered. Sum pivoting of the rocker arm, a unit 78 is provided which has a piston 79 and a rod 80 contains. The rod 80 1st with a pin 8t on the arm 77 and. with a pin 82 mm frame of the machine mounted Teraohwenkbar. In this way the material can be grasped, stretched and attached its clamped edges are pivoted downwards so that it is subjected to stretching, to see approximately the upper surface of the frame 71.

To close the forms below, suitable units are 83 * each consisting of a piston and a cylinder, ■ intended to lift the molds into the open position serve to allow the material to be inserted « The units can be operated with air and thus ge * be controlled, because they unite the closing of the forms face light, yielding resistance.

Us close the formers below, is an upright one Carrier 65 attached to the frame of a Druokwalse carries, which under strong pressure by a consisting of a piston and a cylinder unit 87 near below

In

is pressed «The orphan is stored in the / vertical direction guided slide 88, the la guides 89 on carrier 85 are slidable in the vertical direction · The carrier 85 itself is on suitable guide lanes 89 * »which Extend in Lfineariohtung on the order 70, in the longitudinal direction

of the molds 71 and 73 movably supported · Om the carrier 909845/0064

- 35 -

A 30 669 h

18.11.196o j 35.

To move in the longitudinal direction of the molds is connected to a cylinder 90. A piston 91 with two ends can be moved back and forth in the cylinder 90, which has rods 92 which are connected at their ends to the frame of the device. Juxtaposing this way, the carrier 85 can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the machine by optionally applying the most opposite pressure from the piston Press the button 86 downwards and place the required chunk on the top of the Torrn 72.

These operations are started when the T7alse at the right end of the forms in the vicinity of the swivel cap 79, and are orphaned with resiliently pressed against the top of the form 72 at towards on the left end of the molds moved carrier 65 set hereby the desired gradually progressing creeping aer formern and the granting of the Shape »or drawing pressure reached ·

Vaohdem the »false 86 the left edge of the form 72 er» has reloht, the pressure in the units 78 is increased, when you want a susätsllehe · stretching, and reduced when this is not desired. At all abundance If the stretching stress is lifted sohlieBlloh, the gripper heads 75 are then released, whereupon

909845/0064 _TC

- 36 - BATHROOM

A? 0 € 69 above

11/18/1960 - 36 -

di # '.Yalse 86 raised and sun right find the pull « ions is moved, the forms are opened and the the finished object will be developed.

VIe in Piß12 let us sing, can it sometimes for, dafi au dta object in forms * u wish to process, the reverse like those naoh 71g. 11 education are, load »a concrete torn 9 * a» bed of the machine Let stored and the pivoting convex pore 95 your one brock exercising means in engagement ■ be brought to the lower Torah 9 *. Zn this The material will fall across the hollow of the concave Torah 9 * gestswoktt over the elastic limit whereupon the pore 99 on the gate 9 * ge ^ hall »t. and the other operations in the above as described?

- 37 -

9098 ^ 5/0064

Claims (1)

Expectations i ·) process sum cold forming of sheet metal • between complementary _f susanmen-fitting v and concave drawing forms, the form surfaces of which have a curve-shaped contour both in length and transversely here and which together determine the concavo-convex shape of the object to be produced, characterized by the fact that the material is stretched in the drawing molds before the start of the 2Ä operation and independently of this in a single direction up to the area above the blastisitütsgrense and thereby transferred into a state in which it can be used so that the material then in this state With the help of the drawing molds and wiping them both in XiSngsrlohtung and crosswise to the stroke of the final shape and so that each section of the surface of the material is held in contact with the drawing molds until the end of the drawing operation that at the end of the Pulling operation the Torah surfaces in their Oesanthelt su glei cher time old de *. Are in contact with the material and the greater part of the ο manufactured item within the peripheral » Ctrensen of the form fluff lies. 2 «Method according to claim 1», which means that it pays off securely, that the tensile force exerted on the material is independent of upright the drawing fora during the goose drawing operation - 38- A 30 869 H. 1β 11 196ο - 36 - is obtained. 3 · Tarfahrea according to address 1 * thereby marked nice dafi dia ttmaterial alt Hllfa dar loan foraen and salaehcn dlaaaa wneOhas only partially bia «aa reaching the final Shape is drawn so that the practice of independent Saeepasnimg is tuitartorochen and dafi aehliaAXlofc daa MatarlaX <Λη · dia independent access until reaching dar ead & ültigan Oaatolt sesogan becomes 4 «Tarfaliraa naob Anepruoh 3, dadaroh gakenaaalolmat, 41a on daa matarlat auaeaQbta independent Above the SlaatisltBtegraasa after completion of the pulling operation "ad with still completely awis seen from the Forsen alaeaaehloiaenen material is increased sideways. 3 · Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, thereby ceke & nielcbnet, da8 daa Uaterlal alt Hllfa dar Slehfarson and we see dleetn also in XBn ^ ariohtims »1» ^ voh across here bit from reaching the final Forgaabgan becomes small in the depth opposite the surface iat «that the material without it is often independent from the iiehfornaa 3trao3tan ia ready for elastic deformations remain and are not calibrated until the acceptance of the final Qeatalt has been continuously deformed 9098A5 / 0064 - 39- BATH ORIGINAL λ 30 869 h 1β 11 196ο - 59 - 6. Terfahren according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized acknowledged that the independent work carried out operation In one direction opposite to that of the material, gripped and clamped, ground and the Slthoperation with the help of the drawing dies gradually in Direction from one edge to the other is made progressively "ird". 7 · The method according to one of claims 1 to 6 _{9 is} profitable because the lateral binders of the material extending in the direction of the independent direction of the material and the honoring of the text curling of the material svlsoheh the viewing force and the honoring of the viewing operation left free so that they can see inwards while performing the pulling operation across the Sugrlohtung. 8 · Terfahren according to any one of claims 1 to 7t in the the SU treating material is a group or a pair or several groups or colors of opposing and opposing bands aged, thereby identified, daft the alignment of one edge of a group or of one pair of cattle runs to the opposite edge of the same pair or group and the sieving with the help of the drawing molds gradually from one Sand one group or pair of ribbons sum opposite edge of the same group or of 909845/0064 - 40 - BAD ürtsüiNAL A 30 869 h 14028C6 11/18/196 ο - 40 - same pair progresses. 9 · Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, thereby characterized in that the independent tension exerted on the material after the drawing operation has been carried out in part ait the help of the drawing forces is so reduced that the tob pulling with the help of the drawing fore originating Tensile stress and the reduced tensile stress independent of the drawing forms the material during the rest Veils the pulling operation in the area above the Elastlslt & tsgrense and below its sultry grip keep" 10. Terfahren according to one of claims 1 to 9 «daAtntft characterized that the independent tensile stress after performing a part of the pulling operation nlt help dtr Pull fronts to below the elastic limit Terringert is, but still maintains a size that is sufficient, including the material su swing during the remaining parts of the drawing operation from outside the drawing forums »Wipe these in a direction running from one edge to the other. 11. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 bie 1o, the susanoaenaktivende and this has complementary drawing forms on a frame, which under the action of a corresponding drive between an open and a closed position so back and forth 90984b / OO64 - 41 - BATH are possible that every surface cut is dee Material after it engages the molds has come, bit these shapes bi sum find the draw * operation remains engaged, characterized that the mold surfaces of the Zlchformen adapted to each other la
are to define a curvilinear contour running both transversely here and a concave-convex shape for the object to be manufactured The larger part of the object to be manufactured is located inside "the outermost pearly spheres of the form" surfaces, and in Tölli's closed drawing forms these surfaces are on the same side in their entirety Gripper containing the material in contact, and that / stretching and Clamping means are provided on opposite hands of a group or pair of Ribbons are arranged, with these edges can be connected and this on the material for stretching of the material a pull in one see from a band of one group or pair of edges up on the other hand, this group or this pair extends in the direction and in the area above the elastic limit with material located between the molds and with open molds and the Katerial during the opening of the drawing molds in them Keep the area above the Blastieitatsgrenee taut 908345/0064 - 42 - BATH ORIGINAL and that finally 4m Kattrial switehtn "Eithroaaee It is ordered that 41t B of the 4t * other group the other one depends on the depth of the morality uattr Etnwii * unc this vosatn fotr tur free atoh lontn iwieobea 41t fpstma behind 12 «Vorriohtune Atoll An ^> rnoti 11, dadtaroh _t that 41t ZithfoxBtn ep stored UÄd led ad _t tie titb aXlaihlloli in one direction toc tints hand tint »Oruppe or tiatt pair of edges tos the other hand progressively close. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that that the draw molds on their noble edge one Group or tines Paarea τοη cattle neighboring hands rereohivenkbar are connected to each other and hitr * · btl sus Execution of the gradual closing movement of the open * can be checked into the closed position. BATH ORIGINAL