DE139626C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE139626C DE139626C DENDAT139626D DE139626DA DE139626C DE 139626 C DE139626 C DE 139626C DE NDAT139626 D DENDAT139626 D DE NDAT139626D DE 139626D A DE139626D A DE 139626DA DE 139626 C DE139626 C DE 139626C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cryolite
- residue
- water vapor
- hydrofluoric acid
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodium hexafluoroaluminate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].F[Al-3](F)(F)(F)(F)F REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N HF Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IYJYQHRNMMNLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium aluminate Chemical compound [Na+].O=[Al-]=O IYJYQHRNMMNLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Das Mineral »Kryolith« ist ein Doppelfluorid von Aluminium und Natrium und hat die chemische Formel Al2 F6 · 6 Na F. Von den verschiedenen chemischen Behandlungsweisen des Kryoliths, welche in der Technik in Anwendung gebracht worden sind, besteht die jetzt hauptsächlich gebräuchliche im Rösten mit Kalk.The mineral "cryolite" is a double fluoride of aluminum and sodium and has the chemical formula Al 2 F 6 · 6 Na F. Of the various chemical treatments of cryolite that have been used in technology, the one that is now mainly in use is Roasting with lime.
Aus dieser Behandlung gehen Natriumaluminat und Fluorcalcium hervor. Diese beiden werden durch Ausziehen mit Wasser voneinander getrennt. Dieses Fluorcalcium ist ganz unrein und von geringem Wert. Man erhält daher das Fluor, welches 54 Prozent vom Gewichte des Kryoliths ausmacht, nicht in brauchbarem Zustande.This treatment produces sodium aluminate and calcium fluoride. These two will separated from each other by drawing them out with water. This calcium fluoride is completely impure and of little value. You therefore get the fluorine, which is 54 percent of the weight of the cryolite, not in usable condition.
Obgleich schon versuchsweise in einem Platingefäß geschmolzener Kryolith bei stärkster Weißglühhitze mit Wasserdampf behandelt worden ist, wobei unter Verflüchtigung von Fluorwasserstoffsäure und Fluornatrium reine Tonerde zurückbleibt, hat dieses Verfahren doch keine Anwendung in der Technik gefunden. Although cryolite has already been melted experimentally in a platinum vessel at the strongest Incandescent heat has been treated with steam, with volatilization of Hydrofluoric acid and fluorosodium pure alumina left behind did this process but found no application in technology.
Gemäß vorliegender Erfindung wird der Kryolith ebenfalls in Gegenwart von Wasserdampf erhitzt, aber bei weit unterhalb der Weißglühhitze liegenden Temperaturen, so daß nur Fluorwasserstoffsäure frei wird (und sich nicht auch Fluornatrium verflüchtigt) und ein Rückstand verbleibt, welcher entweder aus Natriumaluminat oder aus einem Gemische von Fluoriden und Oxyden in wechselnden Verhältnissen besteht. According to the present invention, the cryolite is also in the presence of water vapor heated, but at temperatures far below the incandescent heat, so that only Hydrofluoric acid is released (and fluorosodium does not also volatilize) and a residue remains, which either consists of sodium aluminate or a mixture of fluorides and oxides in varying proportions.
Anstatt Wasserdampf kann man auch von Wasserstoff selbst oder von wasserstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen genährte Flammen auf den Kryolith einwirken lassen, wobei wesentlich dieselben Resultate erhalten werden.Instead of water vapor, you can also use hydrogen itself or hydrogen Let fuel-nourished flames act on the cryolite, essentially the same Results are obtained.
In diesem Falle benutzt man zweckmäßig eine rotierende Retorte. Der Wasserdampf, welcher bei der Verbrennung entsteht, reagiert auf den Kryolith; Fluorwasserstoffsäure entweicht, und es wird ein mehr oder weniger oxydierter Rückstand erhalten.In this case, it is advisable to use a rotating retort. The water vapor which is produced during combustion reacts to the cryolite; Hydrofluoric acid escapes, and a more or less oxidized residue is obtained.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Verfahrens besteht darin, daß man den Kryolith mit einem Hydrat, wie Bauxit, zu ziegelsteinförmigen Massen formt und die Ziegel entweder in Retorten oder Öfen in Gegenwart von Wasserdampf erhitzt, wobei das Hydratwasser zusammen mit dem angewendeten Wasserdampf den Kryolith zerlegt. Als Wasserdampf kann auch solcher von Verbrennungsprodukten herrührend verwendet werden.Another embodiment of the present method is that the Cryolite with a hydrate, such as bauxite, forms brick-shaped masses and the bricks either heated in retorts or ovens in the presence of steam, the water of hydration together with the applied steam, the cryolite decomposes. Steam from combustion products can also be used as water vapor used originating.
Der im Handel vorkommende Kryolith enthält stets Kieselsäure sowie Sulfide und Karbonate von Metallen. Diese werden durch die vorliegende Behandlung derart umgewandelt, daß gasförmiges Siliciumflorid, welches mit der Fluorwasserstoffsäure entweicht, entsteht, während die Sulfide und Karbonate Oxyde liefern, welche den Rückstand verunreinigen.The commercially available cryolite always contains silica as well as sulfides and carbonates of metals. These are converted by the present treatment in such a way that gaseous silicon fluoride, which with the Hydrofluoric acid escapes, forms, while the sulphides and carbonates provide oxides, which contaminate the residue.
Die Zusammensetzung des Rückstandes richtet sich nach der Dauer der Einwirkung des Wasserdampfes auf den Kryolith. Wird das Erhitzen und Dampfüberleiten so lange fortgesetzt, bis keine Säure mehr übergeht, so besteht der Rückstand im wesentlichen aus Natriumaluminat. Wird aber die Dampfzuführung unterbrochen, bevor alles Fluor als Fluorwasserstoffsäure ausgetrieben ist; so erhältThe composition of the residue depends on the duration of the action of the water vapor on the cryolite. If the heating and passing in steam are continued until no more acid passes over, the residue consists essentially of sodium aluminate. But if the steam supply is interrupted before all the fluorine has been driven off as hydrofluoric acid ; so receives
man einen Rückstand. der beim Stehenlassen allmählich seine starke Alkalität verliert, indem der noch unzersetzt gebliebene Kryolith auf entstandenesNatriumaluminat wie folgt einwirkt:one a residue. the one when left standing gradually loses its strong alkalinity by adding the still undecomposed cryolite to it The resulting sodium aluminate acts as follows:
Al2 Fl1. -6NaFl+ Al2 O8 · 3 Na2 0 =
2 Al2 O3 + 12 Na Fl. Al 2 Fl 1 . -6NaFl + Al 2 O 8 · 3 Na 2 O =
2 Al 2 O 3 + 12 Na Fl.
Die Rückstände können in bekannter Weise weiter verarbeitet werden.The residues can be further processed in a known manner.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE139626C true DE139626C (en) |
Family
ID=407357
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT139626D Active DE139626C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE139626C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3313036A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1967-04-11 | Ruth N Fortune | Hair dryer |
-
0
- DE DENDAT139626D patent/DE139626C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3313036A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1967-04-11 | Ruth N Fortune | Hair dryer |
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