DE131962C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE131962C DE131962C DENDAT131962D DE131962DA DE131962C DE 131962 C DE131962 C DE 131962C DE NDAT131962 D DENDAT131962 D DE NDAT131962D DE 131962D A DE131962D A DE 131962DA DE 131962 C DE131962 C DE 131962C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fish
- acetone
- guano
- solvent
- methyl alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon bisulphide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BSBWHJJQLLJPOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC2SC2C2SC21 BSBWHJJQLLJPOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 Cell Wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
KLASSE 16.CLASS 16.
Der Fischguano hat bis zum heutigen Tage einen geringeren Marktwerth als der natürliche Guano, was darin seinen Grund hat, dafs er bedeutend ärmer an Nitraten und löslichen Phosphaten als dieser ist und sich in keinem so fein vertheilten Zustande befindet. Es ist ganz sicher, dafs die Fischkörper im natürlichen Zustande alle Elemente des besten Guanos enthalten, und dafs der geringere Werth des künstlichen Fischguanos von Verlusten werthvoller Substanzen herrührt, welche während des Herstellungsprocesses auftreten.To this day the fish guano has a lower market value than the natural one Guano, which is due to the fact that it is considerably poorer in nitrates and soluble ones Is phosphates as this, and is not in such a finely divided state. It is it is quite certain that the bodies of the fish in their natural state have all the elements of the best guano and that the lesser value of the artificial fish guano is more valuable from losses Substances that occur during the manufacturing process.
Wenn Fische mit kochendem Wasser oder Dämpfen behandelt werden, um das OeI, welches in ihnen enthalten ist, zu entfernen, werden mit diesem OeI gleichzeitig die löslichen Salze und Eiweifskörper ausgewaschen. Wenn ein Fettlösungsmittel, wie z. B. Benzol oder Schwefelkohlenstoff, allein Verwendung findet, werden die löslichen Eiweifsstoffe theilweise mit dem OeI entfernt, theilweise bleiben sie in Form einer Gallerte zurück, welche die Erzielung eines feinen Pulvers erschwert, wenn nicht gar unmöglich macht.When fish are treated with boiling water or steaming, the oil, which is contained in them, to remove, with this OeI at the same time the soluble ones Salts and proteins washed out. When a fat solvent, such as. B. benzene or Carbon disulfide, used alone, becomes part of the soluble proteins removed with the oil; in some cases they remain in the form of a jelly, which makes it easier to achieve of a fine powder makes it difficult, if not impossible at all.
Die Verbesserung bei dem bekannten Verfahren, welche den Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung bildet, vermeidet diese Nachtheile.The improvement in the known method which is the subject matter of the present invention Invention forms, avoids these disadvantages.
Das wesentliche Merkmal der neuen Erfindung besteht darin, dafs die Fische mit einem dampfförmigen Fettlösungsmittel in Gegenwart eines Alkohols und auch von Aceton behandelt werden. Dies wird wie folgt ausgeführt:The essential feature of the new invention is that the fish with a vaporized fat solvent treated in the presence of an alcohol and also of acetone will. This is done as follows:
Die gut getrockneten und in kleine Stücke zerschnittenen Fische werden in einem Extractionsgefäfs von beliebiger Form der combinirten Wirkung des Dampfes a) eines wohlbekannten Fettlösungsmittels, wie z. B. Schwefelkohlenstoff, Aether, Benzol, Benzin, oder einer Mischung mehrerer derselben, b) von Aethyl- oder Methylalkohol oder einer Mischung beider mit oder ohne Zusatz von c) Aceton, ausgesetzt. The fish, well dried and cut into small pieces, are placed in an extraction vessel of any form of the combined action of the steam a) a well-known one Fat solvents such as B. carbon disulfide, ether, benzene, gasoline, or one Mixture of several of the same, b) of ethyl or methyl alcohol or a mixture of both with or without the addition of c) acetone.
Die Rolle, welche die in Gruppe a) erwähnten Substanzen spielen, ist wohl bekannt.The role played by the substances mentioned in group a) is well known.
Die in Gruppe b) erwähnten Alkohole bewirken bei der Temperatur, in welcher sie dampfförmig sind, eine Ueberführung der löslichen Eiweifsstoffe in den unlöslichen Zustand und verhindern dieselben so, sich mit dem OeIe zu mischen und dasselbe minderwerthig zu machen und dadurch gleichzeitig den Düngerwerth des Guanos herabzusetzen.The alcohols mentioned in group b) act at the temperature at which they are in vapor form, a conversion of the soluble protein substances into the insoluble state and thus prevent them from mixing with the oil and making it inferior to make and thereby at the same time lower the fertilizer value of the guano.
Es hat sich ferner herausgestellt, dafs der Zusatz selbst einer geringen Menge Aceton, obwohl dasselbe an sich wenig Lösungskraft für thierische Fette hat, die Lösungsfähigkeit der in Gruppe a) erwähnten Lösungsmittel bedeutend steigert, was darauf zurückgeführt wird, dafs es die Zellwände der Protei'nkörper angreift und so dem Lösungsmittel den Zutritt erleichtert.It has also been found that the addition of even a small amount of acetone, although in itself it has little power to dissolve animal fats, it has the power to dissolve significantly increases the solvents mentioned in group a), which is attributed to that it attacks the cell walls of the protein bodies and thus the entry of the solvent relieved.
Die Mischungsverhältnisse der einzelnen Lösungsmittel hängen von der Natur der gewählten Flüssigkeiten ab. Wenn man Benzin und Methylalkohol anwendet, sind die vorteilhaftesten Verhältnisse: 80 bis 85 Gewichtstheile Benzin auf 12 bis 15 Gewichtstheile Methylalkohol und 3 bis 5 Gewichtstheile Aceton.The mixing ratios of the individual solvents depend on the nature of the chosen Liquids. Using gasoline and methyl alcohol are the most beneficial Proportions: 80 to 85 parts by weight of gasoline to 12 to 15 parts by weight of methyl alcohol and 3 to 5 parts by weight of acetone.
Bei praktischer Ausführung der neuen Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, eine Reihe von Extractionsgefäfsen zu verwenden, wodurch ein stetiger Betrieb und die Möglichkeit einerIn practicing the new invention it is advantageous to have a number of To use extraction vessels, whereby a steady operation and the possibility of a
wiederholten Verwendung desselben Lösungsmittels gegeben wird. So z. B. können vortheilhaft drei Pfannen oder Kessel mit hohlem Doppelmantel", welche mit abnehmbaren Deckeln versehen sind, von denen jeder mit dem nächsten durch ein Rohr in Verbindung steht, verwendet werden.repeated use of the same solvent is given. So z. B. can be beneficial three pans or kettles with a hollow double jacket "which have removable lids each of which communicates with the next by a pipe is used will.
Wenn die vom OeIe befreiten Fische aus den Extractionsgefäfsen entfernt werden, befinden sie sich in einem harten und spröden Zustande, so dafs sie durch geeignete Maschinen ohne Schwierigkeit jeden beliebigen Feinheitsgrad erhalten können. When the fish freed from the oil are removed from the extraction vessels they are in a hard and brittle condition, so that they can be made by suitable machines can obtain any degree of fineness without difficulty.
Diese Erzielung der Sprödigkeit ist zweifellos der Wirkung des Alkohols zuzuschreiben, welcher die sonst gallertartigen Eiweifskörper fest gemacht hat.This achievement of brittleness is undoubtedly due to the action of the alcohol, which has made the otherwise gelatinous protein bodies firm.
Bei dein vorstehend erläuterten Verfahren sind selbstverständlich verschiedene, der Vollständigkeit der Beschreibung halber erwähnte Mafsnahmen und Hülfsmittel an sich bekannt, und zwar insbesondere das Trocknen des Extractionsgutes, die Benutzung des Lösungsmittels in Dampfform und die Anwendung von Alkohol oder Aceton als Fettlösungsmittel. Die Neuheit der Erfindung wird daher ausschliefslich in der beschriebenen Combination technischer Mafsnahmen und Hülfsmittel zu dem ebenfalls erklärten neuen Zwecke erblickt.In the process explained above, there are of course various ones for the sake of completeness measures and aids mentioned for the sake of description are known per se, in particular the drying of the extraction material, the use of the solvent in vapor form and the use of alcohol or acetone as a fat solvent. the The novelty of the invention is therefore only technical in the combination described Measures and aids for the new purpose that has also been declared.
Claims (1)
Verfahren zur Entfettung bei Herstellung von Fischguano, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dafs man Mischungen eines Fettlösungsmittels mit Aethyl- oder Methylalkohol, mit oder ohne Zusatz einer geringen Menge von Aceton, auf getrocknete und zerkleinerte Fische in Dampfform einwirken läfst.Patent claim:
Process for degreasing in the production of fish guano, characterized in that mixtures of a fat solvent with ethyl or methyl alcohol, with or without the addition of a small amount of acetone, are allowed to act on dried and chopped fish in vapor form.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE131962C true DE131962C (en) | 1900-01-01 |
Family
ID=400255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT131962D Expired DE131962C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE131962C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT131962D patent/DE131962C/de not_active Expired
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