DE1297393C2 - Device for breaking open and then tearing apart Babassu palm nuts or similar fruits - Google Patents

Description

rotatably mounted cam ring (8) are pressed ______

and that the movement of the knife carrier radially inward by rotation of the cam ring

can be brought about against the bearing body. The invention relates to a device for up-

4. Device according to one of the preceding break and final tearing of claims, characterized in that the manufacturing of babassu palm nuts or similar fruits in the knife holders (2,2 ', 2 ") on one side ₄₅ of a direction transverse to its longitudinal axis Flat protruding ends (S ") of the roller axles in order to obtain the most intact radial driver slots (9) of a rotatable gela- cores, which engage in a rosette-like manner in a hard core driver ring (10), so that carriers are stored, with at least two in one they can slide in the radial movement of the knife holder cutting plane radially inwardly movable knives and the knife holder by ₅₀ with a wedge-shaped cutting edge and symmetrically to their rotation of the driver ring relative to the direction of movement of the curved cutting edge, bearing body (1) can be rotated about their axes. which in the nut up to close to the core rosette

5. Device according to one of the preceding drivable and after reaching a position in which claims, characterized in that the cleavage of the core carrier has occurred, the knife holders (2) on the other side her- 55 core carrier parts transversely to the direction of movement of the outstanding Ends (5 ') of the roller axles (5) can also be moved by tearing apart the knife.
as an abutment for the designed as leaf springs There are already various proposals for deten return springs (6) are used. Extraction of Babassu palm nut kernels is known

6. Device according to one of the preceding. According to one of these well-known suggestions Claims, characterized in that between So the nuts should be transverse to their longitudinal axis at most see the bearing body (1) and the driver notched up to the core rosette and then in the longitudinal ring (10) one or more tension springs are pressed or torn apart as a tension spring alignment, formed return springs (11) are arranged, since the shape and size of the nuts evade differently the driver ring fall into that position and also the kerarosette with the individual to try to pull, in which the knife (3) is different and irregular in its 65 nuts, must here common Cutting plane are rotated. with the depth of the notches selected so limited,

7. Device according to one of the preceding that the integrity of the cores with sufficient Claims, characterized in that the probability is maintained. Because of that and

Rotation of the driver ring (10) relative to the bearing body (1) one parallel to it in its axial direction, by means of a Γ-reef (l2) rotatable shaft (13) with a firmly connected tooth (14) is used from the inside engages in a gap (15) in the driver ring.

8. Device according to one of the previous _b before claims, characterized in that the cam ring (8) carries on at least a part of its periphery a series of ratchet teeth (16) into which a locking pawl (17) engages, so that it passes through a back - and movable actuating lever (18) is gradually rotatable, the bearing (19) fixed to the bearing body (1) verbun is the.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by two concentric, the bearing body (1) and the cam ring (8) essentially tightly retrained and attached the latter attached housing shells (20, 21).

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by one with it Connected device for attachment in the position of use to a tree trunk, post or the like, consisting of two tong-like arms (23, 24), one of which (23) fixed, the other (24) is connected to the bearing body (1) by a joint (25), and which is connected by means of a threaded spindle (26), a nut (27) and a crank (28) are controllable in such a way that by turning the Crank the tips or claws (29) of the arms into the tree trunk or Penetrate post, and a third, also attached by a hinge (30) on the bearing body Arm (31) with a slot (32) which serves to support the device downwards.

1

Also because of the parts of the hard core body remaining between the individual cores, the complete separation of the core support halves or sections is extremely difficult in this way. In order to make it easier, in a known device for carrying out the described method in a U-shaped frame in addition to two slidable knives; Clamping pieces provided for holding the nut. - According to another known proposal, the nuts are split by pressure in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the nut, whereby two pressure disks are used which have an equal number of radially arranged and outwardly rising wedge knives. By subsequently rotating the cutter disks around their common axis, the nut sections should be pushed apart and the kernels should be able to fall out. Due to the irregularity of the individual Nußrosetten however, must be taken into account here is that many cores are split or _ao not exposed. By mutually twisting the cutter disks, exposed cores can also be crushed. - In order to avoid this and to obtain the kernels undamaged and complete, according to a further known process developed for the continuous extraction of nut kernels, with all-round notch cuts made transversely to the longitudinal axis and at most up to the kernel rosette, each nut from a series of nuts fed in without a gap from the incoming to the other end * continuously and quickly one after the other into my own sections with constant, forward-looking length across the board; Each nut section should be axially pulled off and removed from the nut residue before the beginning of the next notch section. To carry out this continuous method, an apparatus is provided wherein a plurality of radially around ^e: arranged NEN discharge tube Zuführclemente, a clamping device and a plurality of lying in a plane perpendicular to the tube axis cutting plane ₊₀ knife with a common central axis lie behind one another and zwangiäufig equidistantly and oppositely czar central axis periodically ' are movable, the number of periods preferably being the same for all moving parts. Dieso solution requires a relatively _4S uohe uniformity of size and Torrn the individual nuts advance. It also requires a relatively cumbersome device with an external power drive.

The invention is based on the object form for For a ₅ "device of the initially mentioned type such that their operation particularly largely independent of deviations from the normal shape and size of the nuts, and that it is particularly easy, simple and can be operated with little force.

To achieve this object, the device according to the invention is characterized in that, in order to achieve this additional movement, the individual knives are arranged to be rotatable about axes lying in the direction of their inward movements. This greatly facilitates the complete separation of the core support halves or sections with a division plane lying transversely to the nut axis without damaging the kernels the 393

Have reached core rosette, and is acoustically recognizable, so that the right time for the replacement of the displacement movement of the knives by their twisting movement can be detected about their axes. This results in a particularly simple and safe one feasible individual treatment of each individual nut, which results in an extraordinarily high yield intact nut kernels can be expected.

The new device "can be further embellish the fact that is held in the nut during the breaking and tearing apart exclusively diiTh the blades. In this manner, each dispensed with a special ^v operation and clamping means for retaining the individual nuts.

The invention thus provides a simple, robust and easy-to-use device for Breaking open and then tearing apart nuts, which does not require an external drive and can also be used conveniently in deserted areas.

The invention is of particular importance for the development of backward jungle areas. It enables it, so far hardly used natural resources for the production of high-quality raw materials with involvement to fully tap idle or misdirected human labor.

It will therefore also be used to a considerable extent to solve socio-economic problems in developing countries can contribute. In this context, reference is made to the Hamburg World Economic Archive Work by Christian Wilhelms published in January 1964, »Babacu - unerschiossener Reichium ”, referred to.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, for example.

Fig. 1 shows d'e plan view, partly in section, the essential parts of a device according to the invention;

F i g. Figure 2 shows the same device, partly in section, seen from the side;

F i g. 3 and 4 show the complete one, viewed from the side and from above, on a slightly smaller scale Device attached to a tree in a ready-to-use position.

The new device has an annular bearing body 1 which carries all other essential components. In the bearing body 1, in this embodiment, three cylindrical knife holders 2, 1 ', 2 "are arranged so as to be radially displaceable, each of which carries an expediently exchangeable knife 3, 3', 3" at its inner end. Each of these knives has a wedge-shaped cutting edge with an appropriately symmetrically curved cutting edge directed towards the axis of the bearing body or the nut to be inserted. Each knife older also carries at its outer end a roller 4 on an axis 5 extending through it, which is arranged parallel to the axis of the bearing body 1 or to the axis of the nut to be inserted. The roller 4 of each knife holder is under the radial pressure of a return spring 6 designed as a leaf spring against a cam track 7 of a cam ring 8 mounted concentrically to the bearing body i, so that when the cam ring is rotated in the direction of the arrow relative to the annular bearing body, the knife carriers are moved radially inward.

The ends 5 "of the roller axles 5 protruding from the knife holders 2, 2 ', 2" on one side engage in radial driver slots 9 of a driver ring rotatably mounted concentrically on the bearing body 1 10 so that they can slide radially in it during the radial movement of the knife holder and with the rotation of the driver ring 10 opposite the bearing body 1 a rotation of the Mcsserhalter with the knives 3, 3 ', 3 "about their axes cause. The ends 5 'of the protruding from the knife holders 2, 2', 2 "on the opposite side Roller axles 5 serve as abutments for the leaf springs 6 mentioned, only one of which is shown is. Furthermore, one or more are expedient between the driver ring 10 and the bearing body 1 formed as tension springs return springs 11 are provided, which the driver ring in the one Looking to pull position opposite the annular bearing body, in which the knife 3 from the knife holder 2, 2 ', 2 "are rotated into the common cutting plane. To rotate the driver ring 10 opposite the bearing body 1 serves a mounted on this parallel to its axial direction, means a handle 12 rotatable shaft 13 which carries a tooth 14 fixedly connected to it, which from the inside in a gap IS of the driver ring 10 engages.

A handle 22 on the cam ring 8 allows it. to turn it immediately after inserting the Put the knives 3, 3 'and 3 "in approximately the area of the largest nut diameter and the nut with it to hold and center.

The cam ring 8 also carries a series of at least part of its outer circumference Ratchet teeth 16. In this engages a pawl 17 mounted on an actuating lever 18, which is below the pressure of a (not shown) spring. The cam ring is made by reciprocating the lever 18, the bearing 19 of which is firmly connected to the bearing body 1, with a corresponding translation the actuating force can be rotated step by step. The handle 22 on the cam ring 8 allows after releasing the pawl to turn the cam ring back to its original position, in which the knives 3, 3 'and 3 " are withdrawn by the springs 6 in their rest position.

To protect the device, two concentric bearings, the bearing body 1 and the cam ring 8 Housing shells 20, 21 which are essentially tightly enclosing and attached to the latter are provided being.

The device according to the invention can also be provided with a device for mounting it in the Use position on a tree or the like. Be provided. For this purpose, the bearing body 1 has two pincer-like Arms 23,24 connected, one fixed, the other Via a joint 25. The two tong-like arms are connected by means of a threaded spindle 26, a nut 27 and a crank 28 controllable in such a way that, by turning the crank, the points or claws 29 provided ends of the arms penetrate the tree trunk. A third, through a joint 30 on the bearing body 1 attached arm 31 with a tip 32 is used to the device down on the Prop up tree.

ίο With the new device is done in the following way Worked: A nut is inserted into the central opening of the annular bearing body 1 in the direction of its axis introduced. By turning the cam ring 8 by means of the handle 22, the knives 3, 3 ', 3 "are initially so because the nut is brought up to hold it. Holding the nut by the Knife should, which is easily controllable with the new device, if possible approximately at the height of the thickest Core cross-section happen so that the cores

ao can easily be removed from the core carrier after separating the nut halves. By further Turning the cam ring 8 by means of the actuating lever: 18 the knives are in the hard core carrier driven in until it is disintegrated in the cutting plane.

a5 jumps, which is noticeable by a noise power. Experience has shown that the cutting edges of the knives are then still in front of the core rosette. Thereon is rotated by pivoting the lever 12 of the driver ring 10 relative to the bearing body 1, whereby the knife carriers 2, 2 ', 2 "with the knives 3, 3', 3" are rotated about their axes. The angle of rotation the knife can e.g. B. be about 20 °. In this way, the nut sections are in their parting line torn apart without damaging the kernels.

The new device is very simple, robust and reliable. It is also made by unskilled labor easy and quick to use and guaranteed, without detracting from the high uniformity of the nuts.

to be pending, a great working speed and a surprisingly high yield of intact Nut kernels.

The possibilities for using the invention are not limited to those described here and details shown. So it is special possible, the principle of invention also for the opening make other nutty tropical fruits available as babassu falcon nuts. Also is it promising, the principle of the invention

also for continuously working machines to open successively fed nuts more evenly Shape and size to be used if enough evenly-made nuts are available previous selection or as a result of a breeding to:

To be available.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Device for breaking open and then tearing apart Babassu palm nuts or similar fruits in a plane lying transversely to their longitudinal axis for the purpose of obtaining the most intact kernels possible, which are stored in a rosette-like manner in a hard core carrier, with at least two radially inwardly movable in a cutting plane Knives with a wedge-shaped cutting edge and an arcuate cutting edge symmetrical to their direction of movement, which can be driven into the nut up to close to the core rosette and, after reaching a position in which the core carrier _x5 has been split, the core carrier parts can also be torn apart transversely to the direction of movement of the knives, characterized in that, in order to achieve this additional movement, the individual knives (3, 3 ', 3 "i are arranged to be rotatable about an axis lying in the direction of their warm-up movements. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that for holding the nut during breaking open and tearing apart only the knives attached radially to them (3, 3 ', 3 ") serve. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in t.nem annular bearing body (1) two or more cylindrical knife holders (2, 2, 2 ") are mounted radially displaceably, at their inner ends exchangeable knives (3 , 3 ', 3 ") with a cutting edge directed towards the bearing body axis and at the outer ends of which rollers (4) with axes (5) parallel to the bearing body axis are arranged, d which, by means of return springs (6) against a cam track (7) concentric to the Bearing body around this