DE128768C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE128768C DE128768C DENDAT128768D DE128768DA DE128768C DE 128768 C DE128768 C DE 128768C DE NDAT128768 D DENDAT128768 D DE NDAT128768D DE 128768D A DE128768D A DE 128768DA DE 128768 C DE128768 C DE 128768C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- hollow
- core
- walled
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000761 Aluminium amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004940 Nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/02—Local etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/20—Separation of the formed objects from the electrodes with no destruction of said electrodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Hohlwandige Gefäfse. wurden bisher am besten dadurch hergestellt, dafs eine leicht schmelzbare Kernform, beispielsweise aus Legirungen von Zinn, Blei, Cadmium, Wismuth, galvanisch überzogen oder plattirt wurde. Um eine solche durch nachheriges Ausschmelzen zu entfernende Kernform galvanisch überziehen zu können, war es aber nothwendig, sie zuerst mit einem solchen Ueberzuge zu versehen, der ein Angreifen im Bade verhindert; am besten eignete sich hierzu das theure Platin. Der Natur des Verfahrens gemäfs konnten als Stoffe für die Herstellung von solchen Hohlkörpern nur Kupfer und Nickel in Betracht kommen. Die nachfolgende Beschreibung giebt nun ein neues Verfahren an, durch welches hohlwandige Gefäfse in beliebigen Gröfsen und aus allen möglichen Metallen, sowie Glas und Porzellan in billigerer Weise hergestellt werden können. Nachdem man in dem Vacuum ein vorzügliches Wärmeisolationsmittel gefunden, mag es immerhin von einigem Werthe sein, hohlwandige Gefäfse herstellen zu können. Wenn bis jetzt nur sogenannte Dewar-Gefäfse aus Glas zur Aufbewahrung kleiner Mengen flüssiger Luft hergestellt wurden, so ermöglicht dieses Verfahren, das Vacuumprincip auch auf die Herstellung von Haushaltungsgefäfsen auszudehnen und insbesondere auch hohlwandige evacuirte Röhren, die eine vorzügliche Wärmeisolation besitzen, herzustellen, sowie auch hohlwandige evacuirte Dampfcylinder, welche I die Oekonomie des Arbeitsvorganges durch Verhinderung des Temperaturabfalles heben, anzufertigen.Hollow-walled vessels. have hitherto been best made by making them light fusible core form, for example from alloys of tin, lead, cadmium, bismuth, electroplated or plated. To such a thing by melting out afterwards To be able to galvanically coat the core form to be removed, however, it was necessary to do so first to be provided with such a cover that prevents attack in the bath; at the The dear platinum was best suited for this purpose. According to the nature of the procedure, as Substances for the production of such hollow bodies only copper and nickel into consideration come. The following description now gives a new method by which hollow-walled vessels in any size and made of all possible metals, as well as glass and porcelain can be made cheaper. After being in the vacuum found an excellent means of thermal insulation, it may at least be of some value, to be able to produce hollow-walled vessels. If so far only so-called Dewar vessels made of glass to hold small amounts of liquid air this process of extending the vacuum principle to the manufacture of household containers and especially hollow-walled evacuated tubes that provide excellent thermal insulation own to produce, as well as hollow-walled evacuated steam cylinders, which I. increase the economy of the work process by preventing the temperature drop, to make.
Das Verfahren zum Zerstören des Kernes beruht auf der Thatsache, dafs Aluminiumamalgam Wasser zersetzend wirkt. Nun gelingt es sehr einfach, dieses Amalgam herzustellen, sowie die Reaction wesentlich zu beschleunigen, wenn man einfach die Aluminiumoberfläche mit einer verdünnten heifsen Sublimatlösung, der etwas Chlorzink und Salzsäure zugesetzt ist, in Berührung bringt. Während aber schon eine '/20 normale Quecksilberchloridlösung Aluminium befähigt, auf angesäuertes Wasser äufserst heftig einzuwirken, verhält sich die Lösung allen zur Herstellung von Hohlkörpern verwendbaren Stoffen, wie Zinn, Nickel, Kupfer, Eisen, Stahl, Messing, gegenüber vollständig passiv; es bildet sich höchstens ein schwacher Quecksilberbelag, der leicht zu entfernen ist, ja sogar auf die Isolationswirkung des Vacuums günstig einwirkt. Das Amalgam besitzt eine äufserst nachhaltige Wirkung. Um also Hohlkörper herzustellen, wird die Kernform aus Aluminium angefertigt und dann mit Metallen, Glas oder Porzellan überzögen; hierauf wird durch eine kleine Bohrung die erwähnte Au'flösungsflüssigeit mit einer möglichst grofsen Aluminiumoberfläche in Berührung gebracht, worauf die Zerstörung des Kernes und Ausbildung des Hohlraumes erfolgt. Es bildet sich hierbei Wasserstoff undThe method of destroying the nucleus is based on the fact that aluminum amalgam is water-decomposing. Now it is very easy to produce this amalgam and to accelerate the reaction considerably, if one simply brings the aluminum surface into contact with a dilute, hot sublimate solution to which a little zinc chloride and hydrochloric acid are added. But during capable already a '/ 20 normal mercury chloride solution aluminum, äufserst on acidified water vigorously act, the solution behaves all for the production of hollow bodies usable substances such as tin, nickel, copper, iron, steel, brass, compared with entirely passive; at most a weak mercury coating forms, which is easy to remove and even has a beneficial effect on the insulating effect of the vacuum. The amalgam has an extremely lasting effect. In order to produce hollow bodies, the core form is made of aluminum and then covered with metal, glass or porcelain; Then, through a small hole, the above-mentioned dissolving liquid is brought into contact with the largest possible aluminum surface, whereupon the core is destroyed and the cavity is formed. It forms hydrogen and
Aluminiumhydroxyd, das als feiner Schlamm ausgeleert werden kann. Nachfolgend seien einige Ausführungsbeispiele kurz angedeutet.Aluminum hydroxide that can be emptied out as a fine sludge. The following are some exemplary embodiments briefly indicated.
Um bei der Herstellung von hohlwandigen Zinnbechern den Kern zerstören zu können, werden drei in einander passende Becher aus Aluminiumblech gestanzt oder gefalzt, von denen der mittlere unter einander in Verbindung stehende Ausschnitte besitzt; dieser Becher aus dieser dreifachen Blechlage wird nun seinerseits als Kern benutzt und mit -Zinn in der gewünschten Wandstärke Übergossen. Hierauf wird durch eine Bohrung, die bis zu dem mittleren Blechbecher reicht, die Auflösungsflüssigkeit eingeprefst. Durch die zusammenhängenden Ausschnitte strömt nun . die heifse Sublimatlösung und wirkt auf der ganzen AIuminiumoberflä'che des inneren Bechers als auch der beiden ä'ufseren auflösend ein. Der Schlamm wird von Zeit zu Zeit ausgeleert und neue Flüssigkeit eingeführt.In order to be able to destroy the core during the production of hollow-walled tin cups, three matching cups made of sheet aluminum are punched or folded by which the middle has interconnected cutouts; this mug from this triple sheet metal layer is now used in turn as the core and with -tin in the Desired wall thickness Poured over. This is followed by a hole that goes up to the middle sheet metal beaker is enough, the dissolving liquid is pressed in. Through the contiguous Cutouts are now flowing. the hot sublimate solution and acts on the entire aluminum surface of the inner cup as well as the two outer ones. The mud is emptied from time to time and new Liquid introduced.
Für die Herstellung hohlwandiger Aluminiumfeldflaschen empfiehlt sich folgendes Verfahren: Eine dreifache Lage von Aluminiumblechen, von denen das mittlere wieder mit Ausschnitten versehen ist und von denen die zwei äufseren auf ihrer Aufsenseite mit Kupfer überzogen sind, wird mit Aluminium Übergossen und aus dieser Platte durch Pressen, Prägen, Stanzen die bekannte Form hergestellt. Nun wird durch die Bohrung mit der Sublimatlösung die Auflösung eingeleitet. Die zwischenliegende Kupferschicht verhindert, dafs auch der äufsere Aluminiumüberzug angegriffen wird.The following process is recommended for the production of hollow-walled aluminum field bottles: A triple layer of aluminum sheets, of which the middle again with cutouts and of which the two outer ones are covered with copper on their outside are overmolded with aluminum and from this plate by pressing, embossing, punching made the known shape. The dissolution is now achieved through the drilling with the sublimate solution initiated. The copper layer in between also prevents the outer aluminum coating is attacked.
Um hohlwandige Eisenrohre herzustellen, wird ein aus einer dreifachen Aluminiumblechlage angefertigter Cylindermantel als Kern für den nachfolgenden Eisengufs verwendet. Um zu verhindern, dafs die beiden Metalle beim Giefsen weder chemisch noch physikalisch sich beeinflussen, wird die Aufsenfläche des Cylindermantels mit einer Oxydschicht oder mit Asbest überzogen und nun in der bekannten Weise die Auflösung des Kernes eingeleitet.In order to produce hollow-walled iron pipes, one is made from a triple layer of aluminum sheet Made cylinder jacket used as the core for the subsequent iron cast. Around to prevent the two metals from becoming chemically or physically apart during casting affect the outer surface of the cylinder jacket with an oxide layer or with asbestos covered and now initiated the dissolution of the core in the known manner.
Claims (1)
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DE128768C true DE128768C (en) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2483605A1 (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1981-12-04 | Veglia E D | High precision turbine flow meter for low flow rates - has average density made equal to that of fluid using hollow particulate matter and synthetic resin |
DE4409340A1 (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-09-21 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Producing groove or channel in surface of component |
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0
- DE DENDAT128768D patent/DE128768C/de active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2483605A1 (en) * | 1980-06-03 | 1981-12-04 | Veglia E D | High precision turbine flow meter for low flow rates - has average density made equal to that of fluid using hollow particulate matter and synthetic resin |
DE4409340A1 (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-09-21 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Producing groove or channel in surface of component |
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