DE1263945B - Energy regulator - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN 4MWWL · PATENT OFFICE Int. α .:

H05b

EDITORIAL

German class: 21h -13/10

Number: 1 263 945

File number: P 14915 VIII d / 21 h

Filing date: September 30, 1955

Open date: March 21, 1968

The invention relates to an energy regulator in an electrical circuit for continuously variable supply a consumer with electrical energy that causes the contacts to open and close Contains bimetal element which carries one of the contacts and is assigned a heating element and which has a control element that moves the other contact and thereby the the amount of energy to be supplied changed, the energy regulator having a zero setting device and includes a range calibrator.

Energy regulators for an electrical circuit for supplying a load, e.g. B. a heating resistor in an electric cooking appliance, with a variable amount of energy, with in this Contacts located in the circuit that can be opened and closed in order to load Amount of energy supplied by the ratio: opening to closing time to be regulated with one Bimetallic element that carries one contact and an associated heating element that is powered by the current of the circuit is heated and is arranged so that the bimetal element makes the contacts when heated opens and closes when it cools, and with a cam that makes the other contact elastic resiliently adjusted in its relative position to the first contact in order to achieve variable amounts of energy Supply heating resistor.

In general, two types of settings are required when manufacturing these energy regulators.

The first type of setting is the "zero setting" of the power supplied. Through this attitude the control switch is set so that a certain position of the control knob Percentage of power is delivered. The "zero setting" usually corresponds to setting the contacts to toggle contact. However, it can a certain input power, e.g. B. the room temperature, which is about 8% of the power supplied can be used as a zero setting.

The second type of setting is "area calibration". As a result of manufacturing tolerances that occur during the mass production of a control switch of this type, the control switch will optionally removed from the assembly line so that there is a negative tolerance range, i. h., the Turning the control knob from power »zero« to 50% only results in an energy supply from zero to 40% to the heating resistance of the device. It is also possible that some control switches are in the positive Tolerance range. If, in this case, the control button changes from zero to the input power 50% Energy regulator

Applicant:

King-Seeley Thermos Co.,

Ann Arbor, Mich. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr.-Ing. H. Ruschke and Dipl.-Ing. H. Agular,

Patent attorneys,

8000 Munich 27, Pienzenauer Str. 2

Named as inventor:

Walter H. Vogelsberg, Narberth, Pa. (V. St. A.)

is rotated, you get 60% of the supplied energy at the heating resistor of the device. thats why it is necessary to compensate for the manufacturing tolerances for a control switch by calibrating the range.

The well-known energy regulator contains a device for zero setting and range calibration, these attitudes affecting a common element. The zero setting is done using a set screw, and the range calibration is done by a pin with respect to the common element. Both settings therefore influence the common element and as a result cannot can be made independently of each other without affecting the other setting.

The invention is based on the object of a reliable and simple zero setting and To enable area calibration, which can be carried out independently of one another, and quickly and without mutual interference. This object is achieved in that the zero setting device an adjustment arm, which is attached at one end to the bimetal strip, while the other end to the vicinity of one Contact is enough, and has an adjusting device that rests on the other end of the lever arm, and the range calibrating device has a resistance element in the form of a coiled coil, the ~ one end at a predetermined point on

ρ ¹ 'heating element is attached and its other end

809 519/518

3 4

at a distant point on the heating element, main components or elements for manufacture

is attached. components and means serving electrical insulation

The resistance element is parallel to the heating element for stiffening the assembly or the one switched and is connected to one end of the unit; this element thus enables the desired Heating element connected in such a way that the number of its 5 bring about temperature-dependent deflection, helical turns is adjustable to In the illustrated design, the has the bimetal the range calibration the desired resistance element 2 containing assembly a clamp obtain. piece 15 with grasping fingers 16 for common

In this design, the respective components are together fastening the assembled components each adjustment device comparatively far from and to stiffen the bimetallic element 2 along arranged at a distance from each other and work on its length. Which are detailed in this way from each other. The construction described consists essentially of

An embodiment according to the invention of an electrically operated temperature-dependent

will now be explained with reference to the drawings. In switching device which is applied to a

15 of these drawings shows cyclic operation, for feeding a load

F i g. 1 a control switch according to the invention with an average power supplied, accordingly

removed front cover in front view, to bring about the setting of a cam. in the

F i g. 2 the control switch in rear view, from which the contacts 4 and 3 are initially closed.

Connection connections can also be seen, and the current flows through the heating element 13

3 shows a section along line 3-3 in FIGS. 1, 20 and across the closed contacts. The bimetal

Fig. 4 is a section along line 4-4 of Fig. 1, element 12 (the broad side, as Fig. 3 shows,

F i g. 5 shows a section along line 5-5 of FIG . 1, left is) is heated by the heating element 13, and

F i g. 6 shows a section along line 6-6 in FIG. 1, which causes the bimetal element 2 to bend

F i g. 7 and 8 the bimetal with its heating in the opening of the contacts 3 after a time interval

diagrams, 25 and 4. The device then cools down until the

Fig. 9 the lower part of the bimetal member in contacts 3 and 4 closed again and the cycle

a broken longitudinal section, is repeated. The process is the same as for

F i g. 10 the circuit diagram, the known devices.

11 contains the device in addition to the thermostatic switch

turned cams in development and 30 the device an "on" - "off" switch, which

12 and 13 are explanatory diagrams, referenced on the opposite side of the housing.

on the setting of the device. is arranged. This switch consists of a contact

A made of insulating material, such as plastic, z. B. spring 17, which at its lower end on a clamp on the phenol-cresol base, existing housing 1 18 is attached and at its upper end one is used to accommodate components of the device 35 carries contact 19, which has a fixed account and is associated with a removable front cover clock on terminal 20. The contact Ια Mistake. spring 17 is actuated by the cam 8, and the

On one side of the housing is water contact is used to inevitably bring about

behind the same one with a heating element of the closing or interruption between the

See bimetallic element 2, which at its un- 40 load heating resistor of the device and the

teren end is attached and at its upper one power supply via line L ₁ . The device

Contact 3 carries, to which an adjustable contact 4 supply also advantageously contains a switch for

is ordered. The contact 4 is at the upper end of a control lamp. This last mentioned switch

Leaf spring 5 attached, which at its lower has a leaf spring 21, which is also attached to the

End is attached to the clamp 6. Attached to the upper 45 clamp 18 behind the leaf spring 17 and

End of the upper part of the leaf spring 5 is a Bi- thereby in a movable engagement with one

metal member 7 attached, the lower end of which is on the terminal 21a.

Terminal 6 is stored. As shown in FIGS. 3, 7 and 8, a circular cam 8 is mounted on the middle part 9 of the metal member 7, the lower part of the heating element 13 is used to adjust the position of the contact 4. 50 elongated and bent by 90 °, whereby an extended-This cam is formed on a shaft or on a ter part 22, which is attached to an arm 23 shaft stub 10 and is attached by means of a fixed clamp 24. Turned by hand by the rotatable knob 11. The bi-this arrangement serves the lower part of the heating metal member 7 also serves to compensate for element 13 as a flexible support plate for temperature changes in the surrounding air and is 55 bimetallic element 2, this plate being shielded from bending by the leaf spring 5. The strong- ly permitted from the latter. It is on it stretched or broad side of the bimetallic element 7 is shown that the heating element at its effective in Fig. 3 is inclined to the left, perpendicular to the compensation point; at its base it is necessary to effect any of this flexible bimetallic link and yet it is wide to move a rotation in the plane of the contact 4 to the right. The bi-60 pivot serving part 22 to prevent. In metal element 2 consists essentially of one of the practice has been a heating strip made of a bimetallic strip 12 and a material composed of 80% Ni and 20% Cr working heating element 13; These two elements are made of approximately 0.127 mm thickness and are at their upper ends, together and with the had a raised, rounded contact 3 at the vertical point, about 65 width of 2.383 mm and at the foot a width of welding, held and also at their lower 7.937 mm.

Ends fastened together by a rivet 14. The further is at the bottom of the worn

In addition to this unit, the bimetal element 2 contains a rigid L-shaped adjusting arm 25 in front of

5 6

seen. The base surface 26 of the L-shaped arm connects the heating resistor 34 to the heating element 13 and from

is between the lower ends of the bimetal strip this via contacts 3 and 4 of the thermostatic

12 and the heating element 13 are inserted and see the switch via the leaf spring 5 to the conductor L ₂ .

serves to electrically isolate these elements. As mentioned above, the heating

Adjusting arm 25 is attached by means of a rivet 14, 5 element 13 is provided a shunt. This

which passes through its base. Side branch runs upwards through the resistance

The adjustment arm 25 is element 31 with the bimetal strip 12, then down through the adjustment arm 25

electrically connected, but from the heating element 13 and upwards, through the bimetal strip 12, for

isolated. It can be seen that the setting arm 25 is on contact 3. In this way, the resistance

downward, adjacent to the side of the bimetallic element 31 connected in parallel to the heating element 13,

tes 2, being almost as long as the one thus sees that the resistance of the element

called element. At its upper end, the 31 has the current flow through the heating element 13 and

Arm 25 has a threaded hole 27, which is therefore the duration of the "on" part of the working cycle

Screw 28 receives (Fig. 4). The head of the determined.

Screw 28 is guided in a drilled housing 15 Fig. 11 shows the development of the control switch nose 29 and is through a hole in the path of the setting cam. It should be emphasized that the cover plate is accessible. The screw 28 is between the cam has an adjustment surface 37 which, when the adjustment arm 25 and the housing nose 29 bring about the "zero" setting, are surrounded by a helical spring 30, which is used as described above. When is pretensioned so that the screw runs under the 20 of the illustrated embodiment, this tensioning effect is the same. The spring 30 is set at an angle of 30 ° to the "off" - is used to move the setting screw 28 from the screw position; the dash-dotted line shows the basic drive pressures make independent. On this or the starting level of the setting area. The cam way is achieved that the arm 25 also has, as indicated, surfaces (or speaking of the rotation of the screw 28 moves and 25 planes) 38 to 42, which at the selected by the screw during the setting embodiment under the specified angle exerted screw drive pressure does not affect positions. The areas 38 to 42 will be. The upper end of the adjustment arm 25 (FIG. 2) is used where the cam and the control head are in a guide cut into the housing and assume intermediate values of the adjustment,
arranged. The setting of the arm 25 causes 30 As soon as the control switch comes out of production, by means of the screw 28 the aforementioned “zero” setting is first made and the “zero” setting. This setting will be explained later. then the range calibration is checked. If the range-Furthermore, a helical resistance calibration is incorrect or inaccurate, the necessary element 31 is made between the setting arm 25 and the final setting without the front arm 23 of the fixed clamp 24 being attached. 35 to influence the forward "zero" setting.
This resistance element is in the shunt of the. As regards the »Nulk setting, the heating element 13 is switched and is used to bring the pre-cams into a position in which the aforementioned calibration can be carried out. The upper end of the steep surface is effective, ie in which the adjustment of the resistance element 31 is welded to the arm 25 at 32 surface with the part 9 (Fig. 3) of the bimetallic member 7. The lower end 33 of the resistor 40 is engaged. The element in this position engages the fixed carrier 23. The cams located behind the screw 28 are adjusted, the range calibration is carried out, so that the contacts 3 and 4 are just closed. Resistance element on the lower end 33 for this setting is the »nulk setting, in which permanent fixture is soldered on. the energy supplied to the load is any.

on which the range calibration is carried out After the »Nulk setting is to be carried out. If the range setting is accurate, the electrical circuit and the associated electrical circuitry is shown in FIG. 10 in the various connections with the terminals of the device. The heating resistor 34 is fed along the strongly drawn straight line from the live conductors L ₁ and L _{2 of} the line 44 according to the graphic representation of the three-wire feed line 35, which result in the usual FIG. For example, this would contain N on a neutral conductor. A control lamp is connected between one of the cams, the leading conductor, which is set to the high voltage heat position, and the neutral conductor. In practice the voltage can be as indicated by point 45. between conductors L ₁ and L _a, for example, the "percentage of power supplied" will be 236 volts, and between each of these conductors and the percentage time it turns on neutral N will be 118 volts. While for the duration of each complete working period there was an energy regulator shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, within which the thermostatic ziger circular cam closed a single notch switch and applied power to the load, in FIG. 10 at 8a and 8b separate ones to be led. For the purpose of simplification, the operator determines the power supplied in the position shown in the cam setting for each one-cam incision. Percentages in the manner set forth below. _{If all the switches 6 5} are in the calibration device. If the range setting is inaccurate, it is closed and the control lamp 36 indicates that the percentage of the output is in operation with different devices. The main circuit configuration of the cam, along any straight line, runs from conductor L ₁ via contacts 19, 20 through line, on each side of line 44, approximately along the line

Claims (2)

7 8 Lines 46 and 47 lie. It should be noted that the and that the spaces between the lines Setting the range for obtaining a train- represent the odd numbers of turns that performed power exactly along line 44 to be added or subtracted. »Nulk setting with regard to the fact that when adding or subtracting turns all shown lines start from the zero point, 5 the operator simply removes the wire won't bother. After making the rule-keeping wedge, the resistance element hooks onto it switch, the end of the helical 31 extends from the end 33 and the resistance wound resistance element 31 at the lower end element at the end again, so that the required 33 is no longer permanently attached, and the number of turns is added or subtracted. Stand element will be of such a length that if this is done, the resistance element will be that the effective turns of the same are either soldered on and any excess wire removed. can be added or subtracted. As soon as the oak cuts. circuit is established, one of the windings is to be emphasized that the zone "permissible resistance element simply at the end 33 a deviation" in the graphic representation is ticked. A wedge for holding 15 Fig. 13 is inserted into the gap in order to reduce the contact resistance of the wire. To be eliminated when calibrating the range for the resistor at the end 33 if, after the previously made »Nulk setting, the resistor element is only hooked and the operator uses the diagram which is wedged in before the soldering. The table F i g. 13 is illustrated. According to FIG. 13 is used to calibrate the range in which the cams for a temperature range, such as a 20 cam setting for medium energy supply. Medium heat, precisely entered and noted, after more and more the “permissible deviation” area for the reren excitation cycles, the total times of the work graph between 49 and 53% period and the “on” time during the period is the real area of deviation (or cycle). During the calibration, a signal circuit (or a circuit) that is suitable, for example by 2%, higher than in FIG. 13 can be shown. The actual power input can be used to enable a one percent to be obtained after the resistor switching duration is soldered to a clock and the total time to an element at the end 33. When the calibration is measured on another watch. When the graph was made to bring the supplied percentage representation according to FIG. 13, the total cycle performance in the interior of the times shown in the diagram, along the upper part of this representation, 30 area "permissible deviation" is plotted in seconds, During switch-on times, the actually supplied percentage power is also within half of the exact area along the left-hand side of the representation.
Seconds are specified. The inclined lines of the After the range calibration has been carried out in the above-described graphic illustration, the lead power supplied will be in percentages and defined zones will be precisely defined for all cam settings. The zone »permissible deviation« Since the supplied power essentially stretches between 49 and 53% and is in the length of a straight line when hatched in the diagram graphical representation. During the after F i g. 12 proceed according to the coordinate system Checking the device for an exact area, it is only necessary to calibrate the area with the only suspended resistance element and 40 with a single adjustment of the cam when wedging with the nose 33, the pulling would take. led percentage performance in the zone »permissible. In this way a normally for deviation« can also fall. It should be noted that the slide control of a 1200 watt heating unit or a gram according to FIG. 13 for running the range device used control switches for controlling the test with the cam setting in the medium heating units of about 1500 watts of power simply serves strong position. By inserting another shunt resistor - When carrying out the test for the area, stand elements are used to conduct a relatively greater amount of current in the shunt, which corresponds to the total time and the switch-on time, so the operator determines the amount supplied the heating element 13 percentage power from the curve. Has the total current flowing through 50 essentially the same cycle time z. B. 65 seconds and the duty cycle remains, which is 35 seconds by the heating unit when calibrating, so the supplied low watt consumption flows.
Percentage performance just below the zone "..,
"Permissible deviation", as stated by the .ratentansprucne:
Intersection of the vertical and horizontal lines designated by 65 and 35 is indicated in an electrical circuit. If, for the stepless supply of a consumer, the power supplied falls in percent outside the electrical energy, the opening and zone "permissible deviation", as applies to the bimetallic example that just causes the contacts to close, then an or element must contain the one of the contacts carries several turns of the effective length of the resistor 60 and to which a heating element is assigned, and the stand element, as shown in the diagram, has a control element, which is shown to the other contact, added to or shifted from this length and thereby the energy to be supplied is drawn. At the specified amount changed, with the energy regulator being an example, it would be required to add a single turn of zero adjuster and range. It should be emphasized that the inclination device contains marked lines on each side of the zone "allowable marks that the zero-setting device softening" just the number of turns on an adjustment arm (25) which give at one end to be added or subtracted is attached to the bimetal strip (12) while the other end of this adjustment arm (25) extends into the vicinity of one contact (3), and one Adjusting device (28,30) which rests against the other end of the lever arm, and which Area calibration device has a resistance element in the form of a coiled coil (31) whose one end is attached to a predetermined point on the heating element (13) and its the other end is attached to the heating element at a point remote therefrom. 2. Energy regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistance element (31) ίο is connected in parallel to the heating element (13) and in such a way with one end of the heating element is connected that the number of its helical turns is adjustable to the Range calibration to obtain the desired resistance. Considered publications: British Patent No. 640106;
U.S. Patents Nos. 2224596, 2623137,
444. 1 sheet of drawings