DE1256931B - Magnetic printing unit - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

G06k

German class: 42 m6- 15/14

Number: 1256 931

File number: O 8772IX c / 42 m6

Filing date: May 23, 1962

Opened on: December 21, 1967

The invention relates to a magnetic printing unit with a magnetizable intermediate carrier which field-forming bipolar magnet systems separated from one another by non-magnetic spacers Generate latent magnetic lines that are visibly fixed by ferromagnetic powder and then transferred to the recording medium.

Magnetic printers are known. In a proposed magnetic printing unit, field-shaping devices magnetize Types a magnetizable intermediate carrier perpendicular to its surface in the form of letters, Digits or characters. A fixing station is attached to the magnetic printer, in which ferromagnetic Powder is sprinkled on the intermediate carrier provided with local magnetizations, which is then transferred to a paper web, for example by heating and rolling can be.

Such a magnetic printing unit with transverse magnetization has disadvantages. It is necessary that to guide magnetizable intermediate carrier through at least two air gaps of the type excitation circuit. These air gaps are according to the strength of the endless carrier belt for the field forming types relatively wide.

In addition, it is difficult to find the iron sheets that close the magnetic circuit for the types to shape in such a way that the lines of force prescribed a path of only a short length with tolerable material expenditure will. In the case of unfavorably designed magnetic circuits, the excitation coils must flow through be disproportionately high in order to transversely magnetize the intermediate carrier in sufficient strength to be able to. In addition, it is necessary for magnetic printing units with transverse magnetization, the intermediate carrier made entirely of magnetizable material. This can lead to stray fields, for example, when several adjacent types are magnetized at the same time. Inaccurate The type forms shown on the intermediate carrier are the result.

It has also become known to be latent magnetic Generate lines on a magnetizable recording medium by longitudinal magnetization. For this purpose, parts of conductor loops are used, which are in a body made of insulating material are arranged in a certain pattern. The conductor loops are composed so that through appropriate selection of ladder pieces stylized characters can be generated.

A recording head, the magnetic printing unit, is provided for this purpose

Applicant:

Olympia Werke A. G., Wilhelmshaven

Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Ing. Theo Hense, Litzelstetten

faces the surface of the magnetic layer of a magnetic drum. Those arising on the surface latent magnetic images are fixed by magnetic powder and applied to one by means of rollers Transferring a strip of paper that is unwound from a supply roll and wound onto a roll (U.S. Patent 2,841,461).

Printing units with bipolar magnets for printing are also subject to similar restrictions of individual point or sheet-like elements (US Pat. No. 2,950,161).

Complicated types cannot be represented with such simple means. At most, leave create a so-called raster print, which, however, due to the scattering of the magnetic fields without Doubt would evoke unclean type images.

In contrast, the present invention is not only based on the object of transverse magnetization to avoid a latent intermediate carrier, but also the previous methods for longitudinal magnetization to improve an intermediate carrier. In particular, the invention should be a magnetic printing unit that produces clear, legible characters and that eliminates the shortcomings of the Overcomes halftone printing. It was also necessary to avoid stylized characters and to use magnetic printing to create that works like a line printer in many parts and quickly.

It has been found that these problems can be solved in a simple manner that for each the characters to be printed are provided with a bipolar magnet system in the form of a field-forming type, whose poles facing the magnetizable intermediate carrier represent the respective character Form a line, the strength of which is determined by the width

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the non-magnetic spacer is specified, and its poles facing away from the intermediate carrier as separated pole pieces are formed, and that the type body of the field-forming types so are arranged on a relative to the intermediate carrier movable type carrier that during its adjustment movement their pole pieces close to corresponding pole pieces of in accordance with the Electromagnets arranged to slide past the printing positions, depending on the printing position Text are magnetizable.

With the printing unit according to the invention it is possible to produce clear and legible characters in the manner of a high-speed printer to write. No complicated switching operations need to be carried out here, only simple electromagnets to be controlled. The types close in connection with the intermediate carrier the magnetic circuits, which are only arranged on one side of the magnetizable intermediate carrier need to be. Practically any printing speed can be achieved with the new printing unit achieve. In contrast to raster printing units, only one normal on / off switch is required for each printing point to be provided. The printing unit according to the invention is therefore characterized by extraordinary Simplicity and low monitoring and maintenance costs.

The magnetic printing unit according to the invention is independent of the material of the counter surface on the Back of the magnetizable intermediate carrier and of complicated shaped magnetic sheets for the Excitation force lines. The losses in the air gaps as well as stray magnetizations can be taken into account Press down the minimum so that the ratio between the useful and control excitation is much better than is the case with previously known magnetic printing units. In particular, there are bipolar ones Magnetic systems of the type bodies made up of independent, differently magnetizable magnetic paths that are on either side of the between them, with the non-magnetic material filled gaps formed as raised, the surface of the type body protruding contours are, which have support surfaces for the magnetizable intermediate carrier at their front ends.

Between the end faces of the magnetically each other isolated magnetic paths are formed when excited field lines, which the magnetisable Intermediate carriers prevail in the direction of its surface and after switching off the excitation one leave a latent magnetic charge image in the form of the character on the recording medium.

In a further embodiment of the invention, those protruding from the surface of the type bodies are Contours formed in such a way that with them also a normal imprint in the manner of a typewriter can be carried out on paper by means of a ribbon.

According to the invention, the magnetic printing unit can also be designed so that different between each two magnetizable paths a neutral, magnetizable intermediate piece is arranged, which between this and the two differently magnetized paths with non-magnetic material filled air gaps arise, and that the magnetizable intermediate piece, like the magnetic Paths and the gaps filled with non-magnetic material, as raised, the surface of the type bodies superior contour is formed.

This allows the stray field in the air gap to be reduced even further.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the one has a magnetic path of the type body Template-like cutouts in the form of the characters to be printed on, in the, with the interposition

ίο of non-magnetic material, one as a cutting edge formed raised contour of the other magnetic path protrudes. This type form enables a particularly advantageous production.

A magnetic printing unit designed according to the invention allows line-by-line magnetization of the magnetizable intermediate carrier. The type bodies are then of the type known per se chain printer lined up on an endless belt and attached to the magnetizable in line direction

ao recording media passed. The pole pieces of the types slide on corresponding pole pieces of electromagnets that are assigned to the respective printing positions. The guys are, as soon as they are in the desired printing position, magnetized in pulses to a To transfer the magnetization image of the character to the magnetizable intermediate carrier.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the magnetic printing unit, the type bodies are known per se Way arranged on the circumference of a type drum, the axis of which is parallel to the line direction runs.

With such an arrangement, each character is generated during each revolution of the drum presented at least once at each printing position, with each type in the desired printing position is magnetizable by an electromagnet. Here are those for moving the type carrier required forces advantageously very low.

The excitation magnets can also be easily arranged inside the type drum.

The type bodies can also be arranged on a rigid slide in a manner known per se be that between the magnetizable intermediate carrier and the electromagnet a reciprocating Moves in line direction.

The types of the new magnetic printing unit can be produced according to a new process in a simple manner that the bottom of one magnetic path consisting of an inner copper-plated soft iron cup is stamped through an iron stamp which forms the second magnetic path and has a blade-shaped type on its end face and then with this is soldered or cemented, the air gap between the magnetic paths being filled with thin copper layers after grinding over the embossed contour.
Further details of the invention can be found in the following description of several exemplary embodiments, which refer to the drawing. It shows

F i g. 1 the principle mode of operation of a longitudinally magnetizing Type,

2a, 2b and 2c show the structure of a type for longitudinally magnetizing recording of the number "0", F i g. 3 a longitudinal section through a type in an improved design,

F i g. 4 shows the structure of a type for the number "4", FIG. 5 the structure of a type for the number »5«,

Fig. 6 shows the structure of a type, ζ. B. »Υ«, with neutral spacer,

Fi g. 7 a type for the number "2". their structure differs from that of FIG. 4 and 5 are different,

Figures 7a, 7b and 7c show the manufacturing phases of a type according to FIG. 7,

F i g. 8 a an embodiment of a raised embossed double slit type,

F i g. 8 b an embodiment of a raised embossed single gap type,

F i g. 8 c shows a detail from the illustration in FIG. 8 a,

F i g. 9 shows a cross section through a chain printing unit with the types according to the invention and the arrangement the excitation magnet coils,

10 shows a cross section through a type drum with the types according to the invention as well the arrangement of the excitation magnets,

11 shows an embodiment of the invention Printing unit in perspective view with nested magnetic coils.

The basic mode of action of a longitudinally magnetizing type is FIG. 1 can be found. The field line 11, for example shown enters a magnetic circuit, apart from the minimum to be held shunt, from the end face 2a of a magnetic path 2 and passes through a filled with non-magnetic materials 4 gap 5 and a magnetisable recording medium? into the end face 3 α of a second magnetic path 3, the recording medium 7 being magnetized in the region of the gap 5 in the direction of the indicated field line 11a along its surface.

Magnetic paths 2 and 3 of type 1 must be designed in such a way that there is an »air gap« between them. in the form of a non-magnetic or, better, diamagnetic material 4, which in its Shape corresponds to the character to be printed. The non-magnetic material 4 is introduced into a gap 5, which, as can be seen from FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c, arises, for example, from the fact that accordingly Shaped magnetic paths 20 and 30 to a type 10 are nested so that between a gap filled with non-magnetic material 4 remains free for them. As a non-magnetic material 4, for example, hard solder or copper can be used. It is also possible to use a thermoplastic Inject plastic.

For better mechanical stability, the items can then be replaced by rivets, dowel pins or the like. made of non-magnetic material.

The magnet 20 runs out to the rear in two pole pieces 20 a, 206, while the magnetic path 30 ends in a pole piece 30 α. A magnetic field is applied to these pole shoes 20 a, 20 b and 30 a in the manner described below so that the magnetic paths 2, 3; 20, 30 shown in FIG. 1 indicated magnetization occurs. The polarity is basically irrelevant.

Each type 1 is raised on the front surface 6 of the type body 10 as a double contour on both sides of the Gap 5 arranged. The type edges run to ensure good magnetic contact with the recording medium 7 to produce, not in tips, but they are designed so that according to F i g. 1 small contact surfaces 2 a, 3 a for the magnetic Recording media 7 arise.

It is useful to place the non-magnetic material 4 according to FIG. 3 just behind the end faces 2a, 3a to widen in the area 4 a to the magnetic shunt between the paths 20 and 30 and thereby reducing the loss field.

Fig. 5 shows how the "5" from two magnetic paths 2, 3 is constructed. The air gap 5 can be pulled through to the edge of the type body 10. The parts of the air gap 5 that lie outside the raised parts of the actual Type 1 carry do not contribute to the magnetization of the recording medium 7, since they do not rest on this. However, it is make sure that the bearing surfaces 2 a and 3 a of the types are sufficiently far out of the surface 6 of the type body 10 protrude so that between them and the magnetizable recording medium 7 a sufficient space is created.

F i g. 4 shows a "4" made up of four independent magnetic paths. the Magnetic paths that belong together are on the back of the type on the same PoI shoes connected.

For some characters, such as B. the "Y", it can under certain circumstances according to FIG. 6 be advantageous to connect a neutral intermediate piece 9 in the magnetic circuit. The neutral intermediate piece 9 forms an air gap with the magnetic paths 2, 3. By suitably dimensioning both the magnetic paths and the exciter magnets, it must be ensured that the flux in these air gaps does not cause any less magnetization in the recording medium 7 than the flux which forms directly between the magnetic paths 2, 3. This can be achieved, for example, in that the air gaps with respect to the neutral intermediate pieces 9 are kept narrower than the air gaps between the magnetic paths 2, 3. The induction is then the same at all points. In contrast, the induction can also be selected to be so large that magnetic saturation in the recording medium 7 is achieved even at the air gaps with lower induction.

Another type of longitudinal magnetic recording is shown in Figs.
Fig. 7 shows the basic structure of the number "2" as an example: One magnetic path 14 runs out into a narrow edge of the shape of the character to be printed, which is surrounded by the other magnetic path 13 cut out like a stencil in such a way that the edge of the first magnetic path 14 a narrow air gap or a gap filled with a non-magnetic material 4 is created. In this embodiment, two gaps run on both sides of the type-shaped magnetic path 14, the width of which is determined by the width of the type-shaped slot in the magnetic path 13. Accordingly, the magnetization image on the recording medium 7 also consists of two parallel lines. However, this is not a problem, since the legibility of the characters does not deteriorate if the edge 14 is sufficiently narrow. The charge images on the recording medium 17 can also be sprinkled with appropriately granulated magnetic powder to increase readability.

7 8

the. When the powder is thermally rolled onto iron sheet in the pressing process, the sublime the paper web is also adapted to the weaker magne type shapes and then with the tized points between the two lines of sheet metal 25 and the flanks of type form 25 a Blackening achieved. is soldered. Then the entire Type

Finally, in a further embodiment, 5 is carefully ground so that an exact

form a complete magnetization of the printing surface for the magnetic foil 7 to be printed

kenden character achieved by the fact that the types or the like.

During the magnetization of the recording medium, on the other hand, the type can also be produced

ger 7 are moved so much further in the line direction in such a way that the embossing takes place immediately

the fact that a usable magnetization in resolution on a copper-iron-clad carrier plate 25

subscriber 7 takes place. At the same time can be made and the air gap by grinding

If necessary, the types are produced in the embossing dome which is perpendicular to the line.

Vibrate in the direction otherwise noticeable.

Blurring double lines. that with a recording of the entire type

One advantage of the last-described embodiment 15 breakthrough 28 α is provided and primarily one

rungsform lies in the fact that it has types for slightly lower strength than the type height, so

arbitrarily complicated characters, such as Fraktur letter welded to the iron sheet 27, that the ma-

ben or foreign fonts, gnetpole 31 and 32 bridged without difficulty. Also with the Ma-

can be produced. gnetpol 32, the sheet 28 is expediently

F i g. 7 a shows a cup 16 made of magnetically welded surface adaptation,
soft iron with an inner copper layer 17, when the two pole legs 31 and the type magnets carrying either galvanically or by plating in front of 32 are excited, an iron stone arrangement forms a magnetic field, the following Verpel 18 with a jacket 19 from non-magnetic running takes: pole legs 32, iron sheet 28, iron material, for example plastic, and an iron 25 sheet 27, magnetic foil 7, type body 25 α, type frame or iron ring 21, the inner edges of which are covered with sheet metal 25, pole piece 31.

a non-magnetic layer 22 are clad. The As especially from Fig. 8c, a partial section

The iron stamp 18 has on its end face a from FIG. 8 a, can be seen, is created in this way at

have type 23 of triangular cross-section. The specific characters, here z. B. for a "5" each

Face of the punch 18 or the bottom surface of the 30, the copper layer 26 bypassing magnetic flux

Copper layer 17 is tinned or with a thermo 30 α and 30 έ, which the foil 7 in the longitudinal expansion

plastic coated. magnetized. As already said, this double

When assembling the stamp 18 is initially pelte field course, however, with correspondingly finer

pressed into the cup 16, the bottom 16 of the formation of the air gap and suitable choice of

Cup 16 of the raised type 23 of the punch 35 magnetic powder grain is not harmful.

18 is stamped through. During subsequent heating How easy to see are of course with low

softens the tin or the plastic, and it also develops modifications of the described arrangement

a continuous fixed connection is conceivable during cooling, in which the sheet metal 27 is only

between the bottom of the copper layer 17 and in each case on a flank of the character is effective,

the end face of the stamp 18. Thereafter, the 40 while on the other flank is the lamination

Frame 21 pushed over the punch 18 and missing through the sheet metal layers 26 and 27. Through this

the flange 16 a of the cup 16 by point can be achieved if necessary that only one

weld connected. This creates the magnetization fluxes 30a or 30a mentioned in FIG. 7b

shown type. Eventually the raised 30b occurs.

Embossings 16c of the end face 16 by over- 45 With certain other characters, z. B. the "0",

grinding eliminated. the lining of the inner flank is missing anyway,

The finished type in cross section can be connected to the

F i g. 7 c. Interior of the "0" with the outer sheet 28

The width of the air gap 24 depends only on that which cannot be produced. With this type there is

Thickness of the copper layer 17 and can be a single precisely defined magnetic flux 30 very closely

be ring. The magnetic paths of the type are given by (Fig. 8 b.)

the parts 18 and 21 formed. They end on Fig. 9 shows a cross section through a chain back the type in pole pieces, which are later printed with the types of the first described The type body 10 is by means of an unmagnewerden. The magnetic flux runs from the 55 table intermediate piece 40 with a type chain 41 Frame 21 via the welded joint in the z. B. connected by riveting or soldering. the Cup 16, from there to the stack 18. Type 1 touches the magnetic intermediate carrier 7.

Another type arrangement and the associated to the pole shoes 20 a, 30 a of the type body 10

Manufacturing processes should be based on the F i g. 8 a is on the pole pieces 50 and 51 of the

to 8c are explained. 60 coil 42 excitable magnetic field applied. Since the

F i g. 8 a shows an iron sheet 25 which makes the magne coils 42, 43, 44 wider than the type body 10 Characters to be printed on the table as raised, mirrored, must be spatially staggered in the printing unit pictorial embossing 25a carries. To be accommodated by a suitable. So belongs here for example Electroplating process is this type sheet with the coil 44 to the behind the visible type one Copper layer 26 (Fig. 8b) coated, the type body lying 65 body 10, the coil 43 towards then an iron layer 27 is applied. the next but one type body, etc. The next-one-The Application of the two layers 26 and 27 lying opposite to the different magnetic coils can also be done in such a way that a copper plate 42, 43, 44 etc. belonging pole shoes 50, 51 etc.

are useful by soldering, gluing or riveting non-magnetic material to a rail united. This is ground over so that there are even and small air gaps between the pole pieces 50, 51 of the magnets 42, 43, 44 etc. and the pole pieces 20 a, 30 a etc. of the type body 10 is guaranteed.

Fig. 11 shows a chain printing unit with the types according to FIG. 8 a to 8 c represent a slightly modified structure. The coils 60, 61, 62 are here one behind the other staggered. Magnetic yokes 63 adjoin the coils, which in turn are non-magnetic with insertion Intermediate pieces 64 by means of non-magnetic rivets 65 or the like. Are connected to form a unit. The type bodies 100 are also spaced apart by non-magnetic spacers (not shown) held and also connected by rivets 66, by gluing or potting to form a unit. The magnetic intermediate carrier 7 slides over the air gaps of the as in the previous example Type body 100.

Numerous modifications of the described arrangement are conceivable. For example, this can Printing unit be equipped with a type disk or a type drum. F i g. 10 times a drum 70 made of non-magnetic material, in which, for example, types of the type according to FIG. 2 embedded are. The type contours 1 only appear after the entire drum surface has been sanded the surface. Since the magnetic recording medium 7 is close to the during magnetization Types, the drum surface is also appropriately polished.

When using the types according to the invention in a type drum 70, the arrangement remains the Magnets 42, 43, 44 etc. the same as the chain printer. The magnetic pole pieces 50, 51 and the Pole shoes 20 a, 30 a of the types only have to be adapted to the inner radius of the type drum 70.

However, a single electromagnet or permanent magnet with two pole rails can also be used whose field is only placed next to the types when they are in the writing position.

Magnet types that are moved perpendicular to the writing surface, as in typewriters, are suitable especially good for smaller and relatively cheap printing units for normal writing speeds. Magnetic printing units with attachable types require less electronic effort than the chain or drum printer. In addition, the impactable types can be designed so that they are after the Type of typewriter that can write on paper in conjunction with a ribbon.

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 55 1. Magnetic racking system with a magnetizable intermediate carrier on which field-forming, Bipolar magnet systems separated from one another by non-magnetic spacers are latent magnetic Create lines that are visibly fixed by ferromagnetic powder and then are transferred to the recording medium, characterized in that for each character to be printed a bipolar Magnet system (2, 3; 13, 14; 20, 30) is provided in the form of a field-forming type (1), its the magnetizable intermediate carrier (7, 17) facing poles form a line of lines representing the respective character, the thickness of which is determined by the width of the non-magnetic spacers (4), and whose poles facing away from the intermediate carrier (7) are designed as pole shoes (20 a, 20 b, 30 a) that are separated from one another , and that the type carriers (10, 25) of the field-forming types (10) are arranged on a type carrier (41, 70) which is movable relative to the intermediate carrier (7, 17) that their pole pieces (20 a, 206, 30 a) slide past corresponding pole pieces (50, 51) of electromagnets (42, 43, 44) which are arranged in correspondence with the printing positions and which can be magnetized in accordance with the text to be printed. 2. Magnetdrackwerk according to claim 1, characterized in that the bipolar magnet systems the type body (10, 25) made of independent, differently magnetizable, magnetic paths (2, 3; 20, 30,13,14) exist on both sides of the with the non-magnetic material (4) filled gaps (5, 15, 24, 29) as raised, the surface (6) of the type body (10, 25) protruding contours are formed which at have their front ends bearing surfaces for the magnetizable intermediate carrier (7). 3. Magnetdrackwerk according spoke 2, characterized in that the out of the surface (6) the type body (10, 25) outstanding contours are formed in such a way that with they also have a normal typewriter-type imprint on them by means of a ribbon Paper is executable. 4. Magnetic printing unit according to claim 2, characterized in that different between each two magnetizable paths (2, 3) a neutral, magnetizable intermediate piece (9) is arranged is that between this and two differently magnetizable paths (2, 3) with non-magnetic material (4) filled air gaps (5) arise and that the magnetizable Intermediate piece (9), such as the magnetic paths (2, 3) and those with non-magnetic material (4) filled column (5, 15, 24, 26), as raised, the surface (6) of the type body (10, 25) outstanding contour is formed. 5. Magnetdrackwerk according to claim 1, characterized in that the one magnetic path (13) of the type body (10) template-like cutouts in the form of the character to be printed has, in which, with the interposition of non-magnetic material (4), one as a cutting edge formed raised contour of the other magnetic path (14) protrudes. 6. Magnetdrackwerk with fonts according spoke 5, characterized in that the Type body (10) during the magnetization process in the line direction and perpendicular to the line direction be moved a small distance and / or in a parallel to the printing plane Vibrate weakly direction. 7. Magnetic racking system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the type body (10) are lined up on an endless belt (41) in the manner of the known chain puller and in 709 709/231 Line direction on the magnetizable recording medium (7) be brought past. 8. Magnetic printing unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the type body (10) in a known manner on the Umfag of a type drum (70) are arranged, the axis of which runs parallel to the row direction. 9. Magnetic printing unit according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the type body (10) are arranged in a manner known per se on a rigid carriage which is between the magnetizable intermediate carrier (7) and the electromagnet (42, 43, 44) a back and forth Moving forward in line direction. 10. Magnetic printing unit according to claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, characterized in that the type body (10) struck against the magnetizable recording medium (7) and by a common magnets are magnetized. 11. A method for producing a type according to claim 5, characterized in that the bottom (16 b) of the one, consisting of an internally copper-plated soft iron cup (16) consisting of a magnetic path forming the second magnetic path, a blade-shaped type (23) on its end face bearing iron stamp (18) and then soldered or cemented to it, the air gap (17) between the magnetic paths (16, 18) being filled with thin copper layers (24) after the embossed contour (16c) has been sanded over. 12. Magnetic printing unit according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the type as a raised embossing (25 a) on one of the magnetic poles (31) magnetically conductively connected iron sheet (25) is provided and with the interposition of a magnetically non-conductive layer (26) together with the carrier plate (25) by an iron layer (27) is covered, which is connected to the other magnetic pole (32) in magnetically conductive connection is that also the iron layer (27) and the intermediate layer (26) on the support surface for the magnetic sheet (29) or the like. Are ground so far that a clear, the character contours forming the manetization gap is created. 13. Magnetic printing unit according to claim 12, characterized in that the type (25 a) and the type plate (25) by a copper-clad iron sheet in the pressing process in such a form-fitting manner are covered so that the copper layer hugs the type completely and after The pressing process can be soldered to it. 14. A method for producing a type according to claim 12, characterized in that the raised embossing of the type takes place directly from a type plate (25), which is already in front of the embossing is provided with a copper-iron lamination, whereby the type contact surface is through subsequent grinding of the embossing dome can be produced. Considered publications:
British Patent No. 733,484;
U.S. Patent Nos. 2,841,461; 2,950,161;
General Electric Review, July 1952, pp. 20-22 and 61. In addition 3 sheets of drawings 709 709/231 12.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin