DE1254899B - Device for blanching peanut kernels or the like. - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN # f # PATENT OFFICE EDITORIAL German class: 45 e-39/10

Number: 1254 899

File number: P 38772 ΠΙ / 45 e J 254 899 filing date: February 12, 1966 Opening day: November 23, 1967

The invention relates to a device for blanching peanut kernels, almonds and nuts or the like, in which the blanched material is moved between two revolving belts, and is intended a fully automatic lifting of the shells without destroying the cores.

There are different types of blanchers for peanut kernels, almonds, hazelnuts Od. Like. Known, but all of which do not meet the main requirements of such devices, namely to lift off the shells without destroying the core through abrasion or splitting and to preserve a respectable surface for the peeled core. There are devices in which the cores are treated in vapors or hot gases under pressure and then suddenly put into a relaxing atmosphere, causing the peel to flake off comes. Such devices are quite expensive; In addition, peanut kernels burst, which are easy to split are apart, due to the large temperature and pressure differences, and an influence the outer core zone through the gases cannot be avoided. Furthermore, one uses centrifugal devices in which the cores collide against fixed plates as a result of centrifugal force, with mostly damage to the surface as well the nuclei burst.

Machines in which the cores are blanched between rollers or belts with a roughened or carborundum-coated surface are more suitable a strong abrasion of the core surface. All these roller and belt devices have in common that the attack on the cores is the same Direction takes place, d. H. that the forces acting on the core are parallel. That kind of force attack has proven to be very disadvantageous because either the forces are too low, so that a considerable percentage of the peeled material remains unblanched, or if the passage height is reduced, the pressure is too great, as a result of which the cores or theirs burst Surfaces are damaged.

A device for blanching almonds or similar fruit kernels is also known at which the blanched goods between two arranged one above the other, running parallel to each other and with Belts driven at different speeds are moved and the trays are lifted off by the speed difference of the belts while pressure is exerted on them at the same time. With this device, a constant unwinding of the Blanched goods, especially when processing im Device for blanching Peanut kernels or the like.

Applicant:

Hans J. Pancherz, Staffanstorp (Sweden) Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. F.-W. Clodius, patent attorney, Hamburg 73, Grubes Allee 26

Named as inventor: Hans J. Pancherz, Staffanstorp (Sweden)

Cross-section of essentially circular kernels such as peanuts or nuts to prevent a fairly large amount of pressure being exerted to prevent them from coming out

ao to push the fruit kernel out of the surrounding skin. However, this method of pushing out is for cores with very little Adhesion between the two halves of the kernel, for example in the case of peanut kernels, is extremely part, since the kernels are broken down into their two halves even with little pressure. That naturally brings with it considerable disadvantages and difficulties for further processing, since the heart of the kernel, the seed, no longer has a hold has, detaches itself and as a third loose particle of a completely different order of magnitude than the two core halves through the further treatment stations runs. This creates an additional burden for the testing and sorting device, a slight clogging of the Drilling of the receiving stations by the receiving wheels leading the cores into photoelectric chambers and a rapid contamination of the roasting oil baths. It can also be cracked and damaged Cores as a result of their unappealing and un appetizing appearance today only as animal feed sold.

The elimination of the disadvantages indicated is now carried out according to the invention by means of the blanched material moving between two revolving belts direction in which the conveying directions of the two Belts are at an angle to each other and along the edge of one belt in the conveying direction of the other band counteracting web is provided. In this way two are on the surface, i.e. the skin to be removed, exerted tangential forces at an angle to one another, which, because the web causes the core to roll in the direction

709 689/106

Claims (1)

processing of the resultant of the two forces is prevented, causing a shear effect that easily causes the shell or skin to flake off. In this way, with the most gentle treatment of the kernels, you can achieve perfect blanching without bursting the kernels themselves and without damaging their surface. The two belts can advantageously be inclined relative to one another in such a way that a gap which narrows in the conveying direction of the goods is created between them. Such an arrangement facilitates the entry of the cores into the space between the two belts and prevents a jam in front of the processing area, which could occur particularly easily if cores of different sizes are present in one pass. In order to adapt to different core sizes, the inclination of the two bands to one another can also be adjustable and the tension of each band can be regulated individually. Furthermore, the bands can of course also be designed to be adjustable in their angular position relative to one another, whereby a change in the direction of the tangential forces acting on the core surface and thus the shear effect exerted on the shells is possible. In order to achieve a higher capacity, one belt can be made much wider than the second, which considerably increases the delivery rate and separates the goods. This wide band can advantageously consist of a large number of parallel individual bands, between which a number of webs corresponding to the number of individual bands can be attached. In the drawings, some exemplary embodiments are shown schematically to explain the concept of the invention; 1 shows a view of a peanut blanching device, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, Fig. 3 shows a partial section of a device with an inclined belt, FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram with regard to the attack of the tangential forces and FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of FIG. 3. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the device consisting of the circulating belts 1 and 2, which are at an angle to one another with their conveying directions, is shown. The belts 1 and 2 are driven by conventional means, for example by a belt drive or a flange motor, it being possible to drive both belts together or each individually, optionally at different speeds. Arranged along the edge of the belt 1 is a web 12 which counteracts the conveying direction of the belt 2 and enables the resulting force caused by the movement of the two belts 2 to act on the cores 3. The direction of travel of the tape 1 is indicated by the arrow A, that of the tape 2 by B. Of course, the device does not only need to have a single band 1, but this can, as FIG. 2 can be seen to be made so wide that it can be divided into several individual belts 11 on which the cores to be blanched are transported. Between these belts 11 there is then a number of webs 12 corresponding to the number of individual belts 11. The cores 3 are fed to the belts 11 via a chute 41, which is designed, for example, as a vibrating table, while they are transported away via a chute 42. A suction device 43 can be provided above the chute 42 for suctioning off the raised shells. An adjustment of the ligament tension is made by known means, such as. B. tensioner 51, resiliently evasive pressure rollers 52 or the like. The main thing here is to be able to regulate the tension within very narrow limits. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the running directions A and B of the belts 1 or 11 and 2 are at right angles to one another, but of course any other angle between the two belts is possible, for which there are only a few constructive changes are required. F i g. 3 shows a further embodiment in which the working strands of the belts 1 and 2 are inclined to one another. The angle of inclination can be adjusted by known means 61, which are indicated here purely schematically. The operation of the device is as follows: The cores 3 pass via the chute 41, on which they are pre-separated, onto the belt 1 or the individual belts 11, from which they are conveyed under the belt 2 in the direction of the arrow Λ. Here, as shown in FIG. 4, shown schematically, the tangential forces I and II act on the core 3, which, similar to the rubbing of a core between thumb and forefinger, have a twisting effect on the nuclear envelope and cause it to lift off. The occurrence of the torsional effect is ensured by the impact of the cores 3 on the webs 12. Since if the working strands of the belts 1 and 2 are in a parallel position, due to significant differences in size of the cores 3 to be blanched, they could jam in front of the belt 2, it is advantageous if the working strand of the belt 2 is inclined to that of the belt 1, so that, as shown in FIG. 5, cores of different sizes can easily get under the band 2. A pressure adjustment to the different core sizes is given here on the one hand by the elasticity of the bands and, for example, by the resilient flexibility of the pressure rollers 62. After leaving the area of action of the belt 2, the cores 3, together with the lifted shells, then move onto the chute 42, where the shells are removed by a suction device 43 known per se. The blanched goods can then be measured quantitatively and fed to further processing steps such as sorting, roasting, salting, packaging or the like. Of course, instead of the belts 1, 2, it is also possible to use oscillating pressure surfaces, in which the cores are conveyed by a shaking movement and the shells are lifted between oscillating surfaces as in the examples described above. Patent claims: 1. Device for blanching peanut kernels, almonds, nuts or the like, in which the blanched material is moved between two rotating belts, characterized in that the conveying directions of the two