DE1248795B - Handheld test device for electrical installation technology - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

GOIr

German Kl-. 2Ie-29/12

Number: 1 248 795

File number: G 34333 IX d / 21 e

Avoidance Day: February 23, 1962

Opened on August 31, 1967

Various types of testing devices are used by the electrical fitters and other electrical specialists required to quickly and safely avoid sources of interference in electrical systems and Identify and narrow down devices and after the elimination of faults, before renewed Commissioning of the systems and devices to ensure that they are correct.

However, since the fitters can never know in advance what kind of cause of the malfunction is and with what means it will be tracked down or recognized, they are forced to always Carry all possible test equipment with you. Because malfunctions in electrical systems usually also lead to the failure of the electrical lighting or, on the other hand, tests in difficult to access, poorly lit places is also often necessary an acute need for lighting to illuminate the test points and the display organs added.

A number of test devices are known, but they only partially meet practical requirements. For example, voltage testers (US Pat. No. 2,426,050, Swiss Pat. No. 310,537, French Pat. No. 639,357, British Pat. No. 236,473, German Pat a more or less limited display area lying electrical voltage can serve. In addition, the voltage testers have the further disadvantage that ζ. Β. in the case of a display by means of acoustic display systems (VDE 0426), the voltage level can only be estimated very roughly and can also be falsified or completely suppressed by any noise prevailing in machine rooms; that with a display using incandescent lamps (Austrian patent specification 180 330) the voltage level can also only be roughly estimated and partially suppressed by the incident light from other light sources or the impression of brightness can be very falsified, that with a display using glow lamps (VDE 0426, British patent specification 329 774, German utility model 1 755 890) the voltage level is also only roughly estimated and the recognition of the display is also made very difficult or completely impossible by external light, but on the other hand a total false display can also be caused with inductive or capacitive transmission; that with a display by means of plunger coils (British test hand-held device for the electrical
Installation technology

Applicant:

Paul Grüning, Bocholt, An der Alten Aa 14

Named as inventor:
Paul Grüning, Bocholt

Patent specifications 236 473, 329 774, Swiss patent specification 262 591) now very compact scales can be achieved with a coarse voltage subdivision; that the scales of the pointer measuring devices are due the necessary handiness of the devices with the previous arrangement of the scale transversely to Longitudinal axis of the devices (German utility model 1 669 667) only relatively small and with coarse scale graduation can be carried out; that devices with cylindrical scales (Swiss Patent specification 310 537, French patent specification 639 357) make handling very difficult, because the end of the test must turn the device depending on the pointer deflection to the scale division in front of him over which the pointer is positioned, which means that his attention is additionally drawn and therefore the risk of slipping and touching live parts is extraordinary is increased; that these devices, which are provided with cylindrical scales, are also extremely sensitive to shock and to the nil indication due to jamming of the long, multiple bent pointers tend as well as that devices with moving coils and circular scales (USA.-Patent 2,426,050) which the rotary movement of the pointer by guiding the plunger in helical recesses caused by a sleeve connected to the pointer, as a result of the coarse display of the moving coil systems, the display errors due to the friction occurring in the helical recesses still be reinforced, allow only a rough estimate of the voltage level, whereby also an enlargement of the scale no longer brings any advantages; and that all of these are indicated by means of a pointer

709 639/209

devices making it difficult to hear the display in poorly lit areas or in dark rooms is quite impossible. Aggravating and causing additional uncertainties What also has an effect on these devices is the fact that the examiner does not have the ear or the eye can bring them as close as you want to the display elements (risk of accident from touching others live parts) and that incandescent and glow lamps (VDE 0425, VDE 0426, British patent specification 329 774) to protect the operator against splinters in the event of an accident Popping the lamps must be covered and only through relatively small openings in the housing of the test equipment can be observed that acoustic signals through the encapsulation the devices are steamed.

In addition to these voltage testers, test devices are known which use built-in power sources to test continuity or resistance tests, whereby the display is carried out either by means of incandescent lamps, There is buzzing or pointer measuring devices (Hartmann & Braun AG, »Electrical and thermal measurements?., Pp. 207/208). These devices have the Disadvantage that they only allow continuity tests or resistance tests, and beyond the further disadvantage that one can see before they are used by means of other devices or by visual inspection must convince that there is no external voltage on the test object. The recognition of the display is also the same Dimensions as well as that of the voltage tester equipped with the corresponding display elements from the named environmental conditions dependent and influenced.

Furthermore, test devices are known in which two incandescent lamps, a series resistor, a battery and a switch are built in so that with. the one light bulb and the series resistor voltage tests and performed low-resistance continuity tests with the other light bulb and the battery can be used as well as lighting the work area by pressing the switch the test probe with the light bulb built into the front for the continuity test (Austrian Patent 180330). However, these devices also have the disadvantages mentioned, in particular that the voltage hell in voltage tests is only very roughly estimated and the detection the display can also be made very difficult or falsified by incident extraneous light can. A further disadvantage of the incandescent lamp voltage tester is that a glowing lamp wire naturally always very sensitive to vibrations and the resulting failure of the The display is not easy to recognize in the case of several successive tests, so that then through the pretense of a voltage-free condition for the operator creates extraordinary dangers can. In addition, these test devices equipped with incandescent lamps have the further disadvantage that the Examiners in poorly lit rooms by looking directly into the indicating lamp is easily dazzled and therefore more at risk of accidents.

The invention is based on the object with the same or greater versatility and handiness of the devices to improve the visibility of the voltage display and the displayed voltage level and to make them independent of the surrounding conditions.

The invention is based on a hand-held test device for electrical installation technology. that of two consists of test probes connected to one another by a cable and provided with test probes, in which Circuit, display and operating equipment for carrying out voltage and continuity tests

ίο housed and the means for the continuity test are at least partially used at the same time to electrically illuminate the test point.

The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in that, as is known per se, as means for voltage testing a dial voltmeter provided with a scale is provided and in one of the two test buttons is attached that the other test button the operating and display means for the Contains continuity test as well as for the lighting of the test point and that the lighting means so are arranged so that they also have lighting in the working position of the test button containing them the scale of the pointer voltmeter of the other test button.

To make the display of the pointer measuring device recognizable with the same or better handiness of the To increase the test device even further, according to a further embodiment of the test device according to the invention the scale arranged so that the chord of the scale arc extends substantially in the longitudinal direction of the button and thus a longer scale can be accommodated with the same width of the device can.

To double protection against possible pretense of a voltage-free state of the tested To maintain contacts, which is particularly important in the event of a possible failure of the pointer voltmeter Effect comes after a further embodiment of the test device according to the invention of the Test button containing pointer voltmeter is additionally provided with a glow lamp, which is arranged in the scale window and serves as a control voltage indicator and also by the way it lights up the cathode, the detection of phase conductors and earthed conductors in AC systems as well as Plus and minus conductors in direct current systems.

The device according to the invention has the advantage that the electrician now only has one testing device with which he can either carry out voltage tests or assess the voltage levels, depending on the nature of the cause of the fault or by testing without external voltage using a continuity tester and comparing the nominal and Actual current paths are limited and determined, while at the same time lighting the test point and the Scale or when moving on that of the access to the test point itself and without any outside help can perform.

In connection with the possibility of using a larger scale division with the same handiness To be able to do so, there is also the further advantage of being lighter, safer and more accurate Recognition of the display. This also significantly reduces the risk of accidents, since you have to read no longer so close with the eye or the head to the voltage to be checked Object needs to approach. The examiner

Claims (5)

is also largely independent of the ambient conditions prevailing in the operating rooms, since the recognition of the display of the pointer and scale is not reduced by extraneous light, but rather improved, but is no longer hindered or made impossible even in the dark due to the own lighting option. All in all, this results in particular advantages in terms of time and cost savings as well as constant readiness for action, which is particularly important in troubleshooting. Features and advantages of the device according to the invention, which are used for further refinement, will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment, which is also shown in the drawing. In a test truck 1 there is a display system for the voltage test item with a scale 2 and a scale arc 3 located on this, the chord of which lies parallel to the longitudinal axis of the test probe 1. A test probe 5 arranged at the front in a taper 4 is electrically connected within the test probe 1 to the display system and via this to a movable connecting line 6 and a test probe 7 in the taper 8 of a test probe 9. In the test button 9 there are one or more energy sources 1.0, a light source 11, two connector contacts 12, 13 designed as sockets for continuity testing and a switch 14. As can be seen from the figure, this enables the system used for voltage testing to be spatially and electrically to be kept well separated and isolated from those used for lighting and continuity testing. For testing, the object to be tested can thus be individually illuminated by the fitter himself by switching on the switch 14 without further aids and assistants, and the test probes 5, 7 can be safely applied to the easily recognizable conductive parts of the electrical system. This not only reduces the risk of incorrect measurements and wrong decisions, but also the risk of short-circuits with their mostly serious consequences, which occurs in insufficient lighting conditions due to unsafe application and slipping of the test probes 5, 7 or bridging of voltage potentials that are close to one another due to the non-insulated part of these test probes 5, 7 Minimum decreased. At the same time, the pointer deflection can be read off faster and more reliably on the basis of the large and thus more easily recognizable scale and the additional scale illumination given by the lateral exit of the light from the light source 11. If the voltage check reveals that the electrical system to be checked may have faulty connections or short circuits, then the continuity test that becomes necessary can be carried out immediately afterwards with the same device. For this purpose, one end of a connecting line 16 is expediently plugged into the socket 13 and the other onto the test probe 5 and one end of a connecting line 17 into the socket 12 and the other onto the test probe 7. By turning on the switch 14, the light source is turned on in the same way As described above for lighting, but after releasing the switch 14 to display an electrical connection (continuity) used in the continuity test, so that the fitter only needs to focus his attention here on the test button with the test probes in his hands. In the scale window of the test button 1 there is also a glow lamp 15, which is connected in parallel to the coil and the resistors of the pointer voltmeter 2 via appropriate series resistors and thus as a further voltage display means, at the same time also for checking, in particular for security against the erroneous assumption of a voltage-free state in the event of failure of a voltage indicator, is used. The way in which the cathodes of this glow lamp (15) light up also makes it possible, as is known, to distinguish whether the tested conductor is the phase or a grounded conductor in the case of alternating current or the positive conductor or negative conductor in the case of direct current. Claims: r 1. Handheld test device for electrical installation technology, consisting of two connected by a cable and provided with test probes Test buttons in which switching, display and operating means are used to carry out Voltage and continuity tests housed and the means for the continuity test are at least partially used at the same time for electrical lighting of the test point, thereby marked that, as in itself known, a pointer voltmeter provided with a scale (3) as a means for voltage testing (2) provided and in one (I) of the two test buttons (1, 9) is attached that the other Test button (9) the operating and display means (10, 11) for the Durchgnngprüfimg and for the Contains lighting of the test point and that the lighting means (11) are arranged so that they in the working position of the test truck containing them (9) at the same time an illumination of the Enable the scale (3) of the pointer voltmeter (2) of the other test button (1). 2. Hand-held test device according to claim 1, characterized in that as a pointer voltmeter (2), such as known per se, a wide-angle instrument (2) housed in such a position in the test button (1) is that the voltmeter scale (3) is essentially in the longitudinal direction of the button (1) extends. 3. Hand-held test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the movable System of the pointer voltmeter (2) in such a way perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of it containing test button (I) is arranged that the chord of the voltmeter scale arc (3) is parallel runs to the longitudinal axis of the test probe (1). 4. Handheld test device according to claim I, 2 or 3, characterized in that the pointer voltmeter (2) containing test buttons (1) additionally a glow lamp (15) as a voltage indicator which is located in the dial window of the voltmeter. 5. Handheld test device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the lighting means are also arranged in the test button (1) containing the pointer voltmeter, so that they at the same time the lighting of the test point in front of the button and flooding the lighting 7 8 tuiig the scale housed in the same button Austrian patent specification no. 180 330; enable. Swiss patents No. 262 591, 310 537; Documents considered: French patent specification No. 639,357; German utility models No. 1,669,667, 5 British patents No. 236,473, 329,774; 755 890; U.S. Patent No. 2,426,050. 1 sheet of drawings 709 639/209 8. 67 O Bundesdruckerei Berlin