DE1223602B - Axial threshing machine, especially field threshing machine, for direct attachment to the three-point hitch of an agricultural tractor - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

AOIf

German class: 45 e-7/00

Number: 1223 602

File number: M 58072III / 45 e

Filing date: September 5, 1963

Opening day: August 25, 1966

The invention relates to an axial threshing machine, in particular a field threshing machine for direct attachment to the three-point hitch of an agricultural tractor with a power lift, with a rotating one Threshing organ and separating device and a mixture that is separated from the straw in this device from grains with chaff or chaff collecting device, which the mixture of a grain cleaning device with separate discharge for chaff or chaff and grains.

Axial threshing machines have been known for a long time. So you already have it in a cylindrical housing arranged on a rotating shaft threshing body, which are arranged with on the inside of the housing Hold back to work together. The lower part of the housing is formed by a sieve section, are arranged under the grain collection rooms. The goods are abandoned at one end from above and discharged near the other end. The beating threshing bodies also serve for ore fertilization an air movement, which is supposed to have a promoting effect on the material in the axial direction. It is also known to design the housing in a stepped frustoconical shape and to feed the material at the wide end. A fan has been placed at the other end of the housing. A sieve bottom is missing. The grains should fall into collecting channels due to the conical inclination of the housing and be discharged from them. The fan conveys the crop through the housing and flings off the empty straw.

But it is also known to provide a rotating, frustoconical threshing body for threshing, which forms a threshing gap with a suitably designed jacket provided with strips, through which the goods migrate from the narrow ledge. Immediately to the exit end of this The gap is followed by a separating device. In this there is a separation of grain and Chaff from the straw and a cleaning of the grains from the chaff. For this purpose it joins the threshing gap is an outwardly conical cleaning gap through which all parts migrate. A powerful fan is connected to the inside of this gap via a zigzag path, which the lighter straw and the other lighter constituents are to be sucked off via the zigzag path while the grains continue their way outwards. By the need, with the same air flow separating and removing the straw, the cleaning effect is severely impaired, especially since the separation must take place in a relatively narrow and short annular channel.

Axial threshing machine, especially field threshing machine, for direct attachment to the
Three-point hitch of a farm tractor

Applicant:

Massey-Ferguson Limited,
Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. F. Thieleke and Dr.-Ing. R. Döring,

Patent attorneys, Braunschweig, Jasperallee 1 a

Named as inventor:
Alexander Hing Mark,
Livonia, me. (V. St. A.);
Joseph Necas,
Jerzy Michal Brbestowski,
Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America 7 September 1962
(222 036)

An axial threshing machine is also known, in whose cylindrical pressure chamber threshing elements rotate and in the case of a separating device a device that collects the mixture of grains and chaff assigned in the form of a screw arranged under the sieve bottom of the threshing chamber is what the mixture of a separate grain cleaning device with separate grain and Chaff removal leads. At the end of the threshing chamber, a fan is arranged, which the crop promotes and discharges through the threshing chamber. The cleaning of the grains takes place on their way through a chute to a reier grain snail. So the cleaning facility is lower than that Discharge screw feeding the mixture from the collecting device to the cleaning device, which in turn is below the threshing chamber. Only one generating the cleaning air draft in the chute The fan wheel is level with the threshing chamber. The cleaning is done exclusively by the effect of the draft, whereby the fall path of the grains is relatively short.

609 657/93

3 4

It is the object of the invention to raise and lower an axial threshing system. The tractor driver

Machine of the type described at the outset, the lifting and pivoting of the lifting arms 22

create, which control a very compact structure, so that the lower links 17 as well as the

in particular has a low overall height and yet upper links 18 are able to attach to them

a considerably greater separation and cleaning effect 5 attached combine harvester 11 to predetermined

shows compared to the known machines of this type. Raise and lower high altitudes.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the combine harvester 11 is provided with a milling loom that a rotating grain cleaning device table 25 is equipped. The cutting table 25 is with a is provided, the central drive axis is provided coaxially reel 28, which is above a back and forth is arranged to the threshing and separating device. cutter bar equipped with forward knives 29 In the case of the known machine that was honored last, it is arranged. He continues to point one across although the axis of the cleaning air draft-running direction of travel conveyor screw 30 on which the impeller also coaxial to the threshing itself over the full width of the combine harvester and separating device arranged. There it acts extensively. The screw conveyor 30 is at the right end however, is only a fan, while the actual 15 when viewed from the front with a number of Borrowed cleaning device is much deeper and equipped with fingers 31 (see Fig. 2), and a rotating has no rotating parts. By the rotating driven conveyor 32 (see Fig. 3) is between The cleaning device will rotate the fingers 31 of the conveyor 30 and one in the new arrangement additional cleaning effect through centrifugal threshing and cleaning devices 35, 36 achieved, so that a considerably greater purity 20 ordered.

degree is achieved. The height of the machine is The threshing and cleaning device has a

by the cleaning device practically no threshing drum 35, which is transverse to the direction of travel in the

harms. In this case, the ro-frame 20 can advantageously be mounted and with a concave

animal cleaning device a cleaning and a sieve unit 36 interacts, which the

Have chamber, surrounded by 25 threshing drum in the axial direction. The threshing drum 35

a cleaning stream known per se is guided from a number on the circumference at intervals

which can, which the light parts, those of the Zen-distributed threshing bars 41, which at their ends of

are only slightly exposed to trifugal force. Carrying stars 42 are held, which on a central

In the following, the invention will be attached to the sleeve 43. The threshing bars 41

matic drawings of an embodiment 30 are arranged so that the threshing drum 35 a

explained in more detail. has a substantially conical shape. These

F i g. Fig. 1 shows a side view in which the new conical shape of the threshing drum 35 is a combine harvester in partially cut Dar- acts together with a number of grooves 51, position attached to an agricultural tractor, shown in a helical manner on the surface of the threshing machine, and wherein on the tractor parts of a 35 afford 41 are provided that the harvested and are visible behind the same hanging tag; the threshing drum in one product

F i g. 2 shows a partial top view in a slightly helical path around the axis of the threshing

larger scale of the in F i g. 1 is moved forward drum 35,

direction; The concave with the sieve unit 36 also has

3 shows an enlarged 40 next to an outer fixed part 45, which is shown in FIG

Section along line 3-3 in Fig. 2; the vicinity of the rotating conveyor 32 (see Fig. 3)

F i g. 4 shows a section along the line 4-4 having an opening 46. The unit 36 is also

inFig. 3; the one displaceable in the axial direction

F i g. 5 and 6 represent sections along lines 5-5 provided in part 47, which is arranged coaxially with part 45

and 6-6 in FIG. 4 is 45 and is slidable on cylindrical guide

The F i g. 1 shows an agricultural tractor 10 and a piece 48, 48 α is added. The concave

Combine harvester 11. The combine harvester and sieve set and parts 45 and 47 surround

is on the lifting linkage of the tractor to the threshing drum 35, and an axial displacement

built. The agricultural tractor 10 has a tractor part 47 allows the gap between the

body 12 to change or change the threshing drum and these parts on controllable wheels 13 and 50

Drive wheels 14 are at rest and are to be set as reversible. The sieve set 36 also has a sieve

Agricultural tractor, which is to be understood as consisting of a number of curved fingers 49

is that the driver's seat 15 and the one for actuation (see in particular Fig. 5). The fingers49

and control of the tractor are required from the combine harvester

directions 16 are reversible so that the normal 55 rear through a straw discharge opening 50.

wise forward part of the tractor to the A rotating grain cleaning device 37 is

the other end. near the larger diameter end

The agricultural tractor travels with its axis of rotation in the threshing drum 35 after it has been reversed

reversal in the representation according to FIG. 1 from the left essentially coaxially to the threshing drum 35

to the right when driving forward. The Hub-60 sorted. This is how the threshing clearing rods are the tractor has a pair of lower devices consisting of the threshing drum 35 and

Link 17 and an upper link 18, all of which consist of the concave and the sieve set 36,

articulated to abutments on a frame 20, as well as the rotating grain cleaning device 37

forms the body of the combine harvester 11, mounted transversely to the direction of travel in the frame 20 and

to grab. The lower links 17 can lie at the rear end of the same substantially under 65

Effect of a hydraulic device that runs parallel to the cutting table 25 and its screw conveyor the tie rods 21 and lifting arms 22, of which only 30. The cleaning device 37 is on a shaft

one is shown engaging the lower links, 58 attached, and has a number of circumferential screens 56

Claims (10)

5 6 on, through which the grain on a pure grain on the opposite or left side of the snail 79 can fall. The combine drives the drive shaft 88 A fan 59 is coaxial with a chamber 55, the reel 28 and the cutter bar 29 via a within the space surrounded by the sieves 56 drive belt 95. A drive belt 96 drives the leg a cylindrical housing 60 is provided. The 5 accelerator or the shaft 76 of the accelerator, and The fan is mounted on a stub shaft 61 and a drive belt 97 drives the pure grain screw conveyor driven so that there is air from the frame 79 and the stub shaft 61, which the fan 59 or frame of the combine harvester (see Fig. 6) carries. Thus, through the action of the parallel surrounding interior 62 sucks. The air flows and axially aligned individual underneath it through the inlet opening 63 in and through various devices of the combine harvester the chamber 55 and through the outlet opening 64 an extremely compact structure and finally passes through the outlet opening 65 and a particularly effective and simple drive the end. The fan 59 thus generates a flow of air, possible. When operating the combine harvester which extends in the axial direction through the cylindrical, the standing crop from the cutter bar 29 is removed from the grain cleaning device 37 moves. 15 cut and across the cutting table 25 to the right Below the threshing drum 35 a trough 70 th side of the frame 20 is moved, the transverse being provided, and a screw conveyor 71 is operative in the auger frame 30. The fingers 31 and Men of the combine within the trough of the rotating conveyor 32 then transport the 70 stored. The screw conveyor 71 is of a harvested crop back and forth and guide it hexagonal body formed on the wires 72 20 of the threshing and separating device 35, 36 to. That snail-shaped or are attached helically. Harvested material is introduced through the opening 46 The hexagonal body is supported on a shaft 73 by the threshing which is rotating. A cylindrical chamber 74 is captured on the drum, which link the grain out of the material Side of the screw conveyor 71 threshes when viewed by the crop against the concave 1 is provided and takes an accelerator 25 and the sieve unit 45, 47 drives. The biggest part 75, which is mounted on a shaft 76, on. That of the threshed grain and that with this accelerator acts in such a way that it falls through the concave and the chaff mixed with the grain and the chaff up through a funnel 77 sieve set 45, 47 while the threshed straw throws and the cleaning chamber 55 through the opening in the axial direction to the center of the combine 63 feeds. 30 device is moved and then backwards The already mentioned pure grain screw 79 is ejected through the opening 50. Grain and a sleeve 80 attached and below and parallel to chaff, which can still be mixed with the straw to the peripheral sieves 56 of the grain cleaning device, fall between the fingers 49 Mntung 37 arranged. An elevator screw 26 through so that losses are avoided. This connects to the end of the screw conveyor 79. 35 grain fractions fall into the trough 70.
and transports the threshed and cleaned. The screw conveyor 71 carries the threshed grain to the rear and discharges it into the carriage 27 of the grain and the grain that has passed through the concave and (FIG. 1). It should be noted that the conveyor screen set has fallen towards the auger 71, the accelerator 75 and the conveyor accelerator 74, which moves it up through the auger 79 all coaxial with each other within the hopper 77 into the cleaning device 55 conveyed, frame or frame of the combine harvester, whereby it passes through the opening 63. The airflow that are arranged. The shaft 76 extends the shaft generated by the fan 59, carries the chaff 73 in a bearing 81 which receives both shafts. through the outlet openings 64 and 65 from the A combine harvester is used to drive the combine harvester while the grain Cardan shaft 85, 86, which have universal joints with 45 uter the influence of centrifugal force through the sieves the power take-off shaft of the tractor 10 and one gear 56 and then the pure grain auger gear housing 87 of the combine harvester 11 is collected 79. This pure grain screw 79 conveys are bound. In this .Weise is the PTO des changes the grain to the elevator auger 26, which it in the Agricultural tractor is transported with the carriage 27 transversely to the direction of travel. running drive shaft 88, which is on the underside 50 Although the combine harvester, which in the front of the frame of the combine harvester provided standing has been described, as an attachment is connected. The drive shaft 88 extends device is designed for a farm tractor, can across the entire width of the frame and carries it as a mobile as well as self-propelled Number of pulleys that train the driving force on the machine and have their own the individual devices of the combine harvester 55 can be provided with a drive motor, or transfer. On the right side of the mowing switch from the described version behind threshing device when considering FIG. 4 is to be pulled by a farm tractor instead of on Belt drive 89 is provided, which attaches the drive shaft 88 to its lifting linkage. In the latter connected to the shaft 58 of the cleaning device 37, the driving force can be from both the arable det. Another belt drive 90 connects the tractor 60 as well as its own drive motor Drive shaft 88 with the sleeve 43, which the threshing device derives from,
drum 35 carries. From belt drive 89 in turn a shaft91 is driven (see Fig. 1), which the claims:
rotating conveyor 32 carries and which over a another drive belt 92 drives the shaft 73, the 65 1st axial threshing machine, in particular field Snail 71 carries. Finally, a threshing machine extends for direct attachment to the three further Drive belt 93 from the shaft 91 to point suspension of an agricultural tractor with front up to the screw conveyor 30.Hower lift, with a rotating threshing element and separating device and a mixture of grains separated from the straw in this device with chaff or chaff collecting device, which the mixture of a grain cleaning device with separate discharge for chaff or chaff and grains, characterized in that that a rotating grain cleaning device (37) is provided, the central Drive shaft (58) in a manner known per se coaxial with the threshing and separating device (35, 36) is arranged. 2. Axial threshing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating cleaning device has a cleaning chamber (55) through which a known cleaning air flow can be guided in the axial direction. 3. Axial threshing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threshing member (35) and the rotating cleaning device (37) can be driven at different speeds are. 4. Axial threshing machine in which the threshing element is a frustoconical drum in one correspondingly frustoconical reaction housing is arranged, characterized in that that the rotating grain cleaning device (37) in a known manner at the end of larger diameter of the threshing drum (35) connects. 5. Axial threshing machine according to one of the preceding claims, in which as a collecting device for the mixture one arranged parallel to and at a distance from the axis of the threshing organ The screw conveyor is used, characterized in that an impeller (75) is provided to feed the mixture from the screw conveyor (71) in the axial direction into the grain cleaning device (37). 6. Axial threshing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the impeller (75) is coaxial is arranged to the screw conveyor (71). 7. Axial threshing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that parallel to and at a distance from the shaft (58) of the grain cleaning device (37) a die Purified grains collecting and axially conveying collecting device (79) is provided is. 8. Axial threshing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the cleaned Grain collecting device is a screw conveyor (79) which is coaxial with the screw conveyor (71) is arranged for the mixture. 9. Axial threshing machine according to claim 4 to 8, characterized in that the frustoconical Threshing drum (35) is surrounded by a known grid or sieve-shaped reaction housing (36), which accordingly Is frustoconical. 10. Axial threshing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the frustoconical Reaction housing (36) circumferentially near its smaller diameter end an inlet opening for the crop to be threshed and on the circumference near the other end has a straw outlet opening (50). Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 566 812, 476 819;
Swiss Patent No. 158 457;
U.S. Patents No. 1 911 665.1 226 865,
174 398. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 609 657/93 8.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin