DE1221893B - Process for the production of sized or coated papers - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

D21h

German class: 55 f - 15/20

Number: 1221893

File number: M 38243 VI b / 55 f

Filing date: July 11, 1958

Opening day: July 28, 1966

To improve writability and printability, paper is usually used with a Provided top layer. For the so-called surface sizing, namely the improvement of the writability In addition to various types of rubber and animal glue, starch products are often used. Painted for manufacture In addition to casein, paper is also used to a greater extent to use starch products as binders for the pigment used in the coating layer to be applied to the paper. These coated papers are used for printing work better quality application.

The native starch types because of their theological behavior, especially because of their high viscosity and the tendency to thicken, will generally be less suitable for this purpose Starch derivatives used which have been made suitable by degradation. Used by name starch derivatives and dextrination products obtained by enzymatic or oxidative degradation. In addition, these descendants can be modified by substitution. z. B. by Treatment with esterifying or etherifying agents.

For glue baths, the starch product is simply boiled with water. In the production of coating slips the procedure used is usually as follows:

The pigment, e.g. B. kaolin, is stirred with cold water, usually in the presence of a dispersing agent such as sodium hexametaphosphate. The starch product is boiled separately with water and, if native starch is used, degraded with a starch-splitting enzyme, whereupon other substances such as waxes, soaps, plasticizers and the like can be added to the starch sol. The starch sol is then added to the kaolin suspension and the spreadable mixture is stirred for some time to homogenize. When using enzymatic degradation, one can also work in one operation by adding native starch and enzyme to the kaolin suspension and heating the mass, whereby the starch is gelatinized and converted by the enzyme. This so-called Vanderbilt process is described in U.S. Patents 2,388,526 and 2,394,233. The starch products for glue and spreadable compounds are consequently always boiled with water in order to bring the starch into solution. Further general information on the composition and processing of such coating slips can be found, for example, in printed matter No. 448 from Voith GmbH. (1952) included. As another method of making glued
or coated papers

Applicant:

O. J. Meijer's Fabrieken

voor Verpakte Artikelen N.V.,

Veendam (Netherlands)

Representative:

Dr.-Ing. A. v. Kreisler, Dr.-Ing. K. Schönwald
and Dr.-Ing. Th. Meyer, patent attorneys,
Cologne 1, Deichmannhaus

Named as inventor:

Dr. Hendrik Willem Meijer,

Veendam (Netherlands)

Claimed priority:

Netherlands 11 February 1958 (224 801)

Example of the processing of starch and starch products can be found in German Patent 739 944 be pointed out.

In contrast, the invention relates to new coating slips based on starch or starch products, with which leaned or coated papers in an improved manner and with improved properties can be produced. The invention accordingly relates to a method of production of sized or coated papers by applying starch or containing starch products Coating slips on the paper web, which is characterized in that erne coating slips are used the proportions of starch that is soluble or swellable in cold water and insoluble in cold water or contains starch products.

In general, the coating slips can also contain other binders. Examples of this are animal glue, plant slime, cellulose derivatives, latex or plastic dispersions.

The binder provided according to the invention, which consists of a proportion of soluble and a proportion of insoluble Starch or corresponding starch products can be obtained in various ways.

609 607/338

3 4

It is possible, for example, to use the incomplete conversion practice usual methods. if Placement of a starch or a starch product when the water is not heated for the production of the pastes the production of a cold swellable or soluble needs to be, one can work with Starch or starch derivative. However, it is also possible to mix the pigments with pigments at the same time or afterwards of starch or starch derivatives, place 5. It is more elegant to use a cold swell or cold die Gelatinize in cold or hot water or soluble binder with the pigment and the dissolve, with starch or starch derivatives, desired undissolved starch or starch settling, Mix the not or only partially in cold water derivative and the whole thing with cold are swellable or soluble. Stir water. It has been shown that the

If binders other than starch or starch io starch products whose cold swellability is due to a

derivatives are used, this mechanical treatment by rubbing under pressure,

together with ungglued or undissolved starch z. B. in a pan mill, has been obtained and

or strength derivatives or both, or with one of the unreacted strength or starch derivatives

contain the aforementioned binder mixtures or lingings, have excellent properties

-Combinations in the leaning or coating 15 shafts, so that these products in the

are processed. * Application of the method according to the invention

Some methods by which cold water is preferred.

partially swellable or soluble starch or starch can be obtained by using ungelatinised starch or derivatives are: Mecha- starch derivatives in the glue or coating niche treatment of a starch or a starch 20 you can reduce the viscosity of the glue or coating derivatives Rubbing and pressure, e.g. B. increase in one when heating to any degree. In the case of a roller mill or a pan mill, as it is described in the normal temperatures, ie under the gelatinization German Auslegeschriften 1 089 340 and 1 093 299 or flow temperature of the native starch or; Drying under incomplete starch derivatives, the glue or spread gelatinization of a suspension of a starch or masses are very easy to process and of a viscosity of a starch derivative on a drum dryer; which has been adapted to the paper machine and the size or coating-dry conversion of starch or starch derivative.
lingettbydextrinierungjacid degradationoroxidation. At normal temperatures, a

During or after the production of this starch starch or a starch derivative partially already

In products, a pigment can be processed in it, 30 be dissolved and when the paper is coated, one can already be

so that you can easily produce coating slips good binding power for the pigment in the coating slip

can using only one component that have. The proportion of non-gelatinized starch or

Contains pigment and binder. Starch granule is then like a pigment in the

The gelatinized or dissolved starch or glue or coating can be dispersed.
Such starch derivatives can be broken down in a glue or coating mix, if desired with the help of amyloly- needs when passing through the leaning or coating tables. Enzyme preparations, the device is not yet available. However, if you are heated at room temperature to have a useful activity immediately behind the glueing or coating device, are to be preferred. no matter what kind this may be, so

As starch or starch derivatives, 40 quickly reach a temperature above that which is usual for gelatinization Starch types of any origin in or solution temperature of the starch or the starch consideration, z. B. potato, corn, tapioca, wheat, derivatives that in the paper and in the on-rice, Glutinous corn starch etc. and their derivatives. worn layer is not or only water

The type of paper processed and the one with the little evaporated, so there is an immediate increase in

The intended result of the glue or coating layer is 45 viscosity in the clay or coating. the

Among other things, factors that are particularly important when painting the binding capacity of the starch or starch derivatives

determine the choice of apparatus by paper is increasing accordingly. Possibly present

while the factors mentioned, along with the kaolin or other pigments, are solidified by the

used apparatus, the recipe of the paste again, now gelatinized or melted starch or starch

and consequently also the type of starch product tied to the paper,

voices. This rapid heating can be done, for. B. with help

Although earlier the degree of degradation and the type of strong gas flames or with water vapor from

One of the options for reducing the starch was to run superatmospheric pressure. One can

so far tied to certain limits. Who also use both means, be it in the one mentioned,

Working speed of the machine and the type of 55 be it in reverse order. Instead of gas flames

Application (e.g. with a size press, Mead or infrared radiation can also be used.

Massey or Champion device) conditionally It has now been shown that a treatment on

narrow limits for the. Properties of the solution of a hot calender - after the paper quickly

degraded starch for each type of paper. has been heated - has an effect similar to how

According to the invention, a very much larger number of 60 is the first-mentioned heating. In particular, this is the

Variations have become possible. Case when you get the dried by heating

The proportion of undissolved starch or undissolved paper re-moistened before calendering. this

Starch descendants play an important role, which can be done with a fine mist of water or with

as a result, the internal water vapor is carried out to a significant extent.

Strength of the layer and its bond to the 65 Though the first rapid heating and the afterpaper is determined. wearable hot calendering with regard to the

For the production of glue or coating paste, gelatinization or solution of the starch or the

the ones mentioned in the literature and in the starch derivatives can be somewhat different from one another.

are changeable, each treatment gives the paper certain properties. The first heating namely increases the writability, the pick resistance and the water resistance. The hot calendering results in a great improvement in gloss and further improves the former Properties noticeable.

The moistening before calendering is not only important for the completion of the gelatinization or solution process, but it also gives a plasticizing effect, so that the effect of the hot Calendering is all the greater. This applies in particular to coated papers, in which the gloss In addition to the binder, this is also due to the pigment. As a result, it even has a cold calendering still a surprisingly good effect for the gloss, if already the heating after gluing or painting an extensive gelatinization or dissolution of the starch or the starch derivative realized.

Hot calendering after wetting the paper also has a beneficial effect, although the first heating did not take place. However, the best results are obtained by combining both Treatments.

The usual methods and apparatus for the process can also be used for coating the paper the invention find application. But it has been found that a size press is very useful for this well suited, as the coating slips made with cold-swellable starch products have flow properties, which are very cheap for processing in the size press. Despite the fairly high dry matter content namely, a fairly low viscosity and good flowability can be achieved.

The type of paper has an influence on the adhesion of the glue or coating layer. The lower the inner The sizing of the paper, the more starch or starch derivatives are absorbed by the paper and the stronger the good adhesion of the glue or coating layer to the paper.

The advantages of the method according to the invention with respect to the methods customary up to now come both in the production and in the properties of the pastes and in the properties of the pastes treated paper. The advantages of producing pastes with cold-swellable starch or strength derivatives are:

1. There is no need to heat to bring the starch product into solution.

2. Coating slips can optionally be produced in one operation by applying the cold The mixed starch product adds the pigment and any other desired substances or in by mixing the dry starch product with the pigment beforehand and this mixture on top mixed with cold water.

The advantages in terms of properties of these pastes are as follows:

1. The pastes show less tendency to thicken or to gel. This comes by name expressed in the case of the cold-swellable starch products produced by mechanical means.

2. Pastes with a high dry matter content and a significant degree of thixotropy can be used produce what happens in the production of coated paper according to the so-called Massey process important is; or pastes can be produced which have a fairly high dry matter content yet have a fairly low viscosity and good flowability.

ίο The advantages that can be found in the properties of the glued or coated paper are:

1. The gloss is high. In the case of coated paper, this can have the gloss of Art paper that has been coated with casein as a binder outperform.

2. In the case of coated paper, the pick resistance does not decrease as usual due to calendering, but instead

äo remains the same and can even be used in individual cases gain weight.

3. Coated paper shows a good pick resistance and a good absorption capacity for quakes the printing ink, without the "discharge" of the ink being too high. The printability is therefore very good.

4. The papers are flexible and pliable.

5. The water resistance is better.

6. Sized paper shows good writability combined with a low porosity or Permeability.

An economic advantage that should not be underestimated is that you work according to the method of this invention can manage with significantly less binder and yet A good, closed layer of glue or coating is obtained on the paper.

The "knock-off" of the printing ink and the pick resistance can be done very well with the I.G.T. printability apparatus judge. The pick resistance can be achieved in the same way with the Dennison wax sticks (Pick test) can be determined. The permeability of leaning paper can be measured with the so-called Cobb test to be determined.

example 1

A paper of 69 g / m ² with rather weak internal sizing is sized in the size press with an 8% slurry, prepared with cold water, of a potato starch which has been made partially cold-swellable by mechanical treatment in a pan mill and which consequently still contains unreacted starch, and immediately quickly Heated above the gelatinization temperature of the starch. After drying and re-moistening with steam, the paper is calendered at 90 ° C. The weight increase of the paper is 4 g / m ^a . The so-called pick test with hooves by Dennison wax sticks gives a result of 17 for the wire side and 12 for the felt side, while the values for the original paper were 12 and 8, respectively.

Claims (1)

_{Example 2} 'The coating slip is reduced to 55% dry matter set. Nevertheless, it is thin and shows An offset paper of 116 g / m ² , with a fairly low thixotropic. The one mentioned in Example 2 high internal degree of sizing, is used in the size offset paper is double-sided in the size press press with an 8% strength 5, prepared with cold water, and on the one described in the previous examples Post-treated slurry in a manner prescribed with acetic anhydride. The weight esterified, little degraded potato starch, which increases by 28 g / m ² . The paper has a high mechanical treatment in a pan mill partially gloss. Pick test: 7.5. had been made cold swellable, glued and how. . described in Example 1, after-treated. io B e ι s ρ ι e 1 6 The result of the pick test increases through the top It becomes a coating paste at room temperature surface sizing on the felt side from 7 to 11.5; made of 15 parts by weight of one by oxidative Sieve side from 17 to 18.5. Is calendered instead of hot, cold, thin-boiling potato starch that breaks down so the result is on the felt side 10, on the screen - on it by mechanical treatment in one Page 17. The increase in weight of the sized paper 15 pan mill had been made partially cold-swellable. is 2 g / m ² . 5 parts by weight of the same mined potato B e i s ρ i e 1 3 starch in the raw state, A glue bath is made by dissolving 0.3 parts by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate,
1 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and 1 part * ο _{100 parts by weight of kaolin} .
Most of a somewhat thinned potato starch, which was made partially cold-soluble by mechanical treatment in an after adjusting the dry matter content to 50% .Kollergang, the mass is of a thin consistency. In example 1 in 100 parts by weight of cold water. With this paper, called glue bath, an unskilled paper of 25 is coated in the size press with the help of the size press and after-treated as in the previous .82 g / m ^2, glued immediately with the help of gas flame examples. The weight gain is 30 g / m ² . The rapidly heated, after drying with steam gloss of the coated paper is better than that of a humidified and calendered at 90 ⁰ C. The paper shows coated paper, which has a similar coating slip, a weight increase of 3 g / m ^a . On the sieve side, however, without the addition of the raw starch product, the result of the pick test 13, on which the felt 30 had been turned, is negligible. The pick test shows 9.5 on the felt side. If calendering is carried out cold instead of hot, this side has a value of 5.5; on the sieve side 5.
Values 12.5 and 9. For comparison, the same paper is used with one from Example7 Cold water produced 2% solution of carboxy- At room temperature, a coating paste is produced- methyl cellulose sized and placed on the 35 just described with 58% dry matter from the following Way treated. The weight gain is components: also now 3 g / m ». The result of the pick test is _{g parts by weight of a very} thick-boiling white after hot as well as cold Kaianderang on _{dextrins of potato starchj the dmch mecha} . 13.5 on the sieve side and 10th on the felt _tip Example ⁴ had been made cold-soluble at 4 °, 4 parts by weight of casein, 15 parts by weight emer by mechanical loading _0, 3 parts by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate, Treatment in a pan mill partially cold swellable 59 parts by weight of kaolin made potato starch are put into about 185 parts by weight of chalk. '
parts by weight of cold water to which 0.3 parts by weight of Na- 45 trium hexametaphosphate had been added, the paper mentioned in Example 1 is dissolved or slurried in the. 100 g of size press are painted on this and kaolin is stirred through the solution in the previous by weight parts. Treated the way described play. The amount of water is measured in such a way that the spread weight increase is 20 g / m ² . Pick test: 8. Will contain 38% dry matter by weight. The coating mass 50 calendered cold instead of hot, so the result 7 is very thin. With the hooves of the size press that will be Paper named in example 1 on both sides with the claims:
Coating slip coated and treated as in Example 4 described. The coated paper has 1. Method of making sized ■ a weight increase of 20 g / m ² and shows a 55 or coated paper by applying excellent shine. The pick test gives 7. Spreads containing starch or starch products _Ώ . . mass on the paper web, thus identifiable B e 1 s ρ 1 e 1 5 ζ e i c h η e t that a coating paste is used A coating slip of the following composition will be the fractions of being more soluble in cold water at room temperature according to that in Example 5, 60 or more swellable and more insoluble in cold water written way. Contains starch or starch products. 15 parts by weight of the strength mentioned in example 5 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that product is characterized by the fact that the coating slips do not additionally . _M _ _. ' _t ^ ".,. _{,,, A.} ,,, _T starchy binders, such as animal back, • Contains 0.015 parts by weight of bacterial her- _6s latex amylase or plastic dispersions. '3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized 0.3 parts by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate, characterized in that the proportion of in cold 100 parts by weight of kaolin. Water-soluble or swellable starch in itself 9 10 known manner produced by rubbing under pressure U.S. Patents No. 2,006,208; 1 733 524, will. 2,394,233.2,388,526; Allgemeine Papier-Rundschau (1956), September 4, p. 440 Documents considered: to 442; German Patent Nos. 585063, 739944; 5 K. Schmidt, From the American paper Swiss U.S. Patent No. 283,777; and pulp industry (Voith printed matter No. 448, British Patent No. 684 995; 1952, pp. 63 to 66, p. 85). 609 607/338 7.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin