DE1198541T1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFYING WASTE - Google Patents

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFYING WASTE

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Publication number
DE1198541T1
DE1198541T1 DE1198541T DE00929162T DE1198541T1 DE 1198541 T1 DE1198541 T1 DE 1198541T1 DE 1198541 T DE1198541 T DE 1198541T DE 00929162 T DE00929162 T DE 00929162T DE 1198541 T1 DE1198541 T1 DE 1198541T1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
reaction vessel
gasification
treatment
synthetic gas
bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE1198541T
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German (de)
Inventor
Nicolas Abatzoglou
Esteban Chornet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kemestrie Inc
Original Assignee
Kemestrie Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES009901711A external-priority patent/ES2183662B1/en
Application filed by Kemestrie Inc filed Critical Kemestrie Inc
Publication of DE1198541T1 publication Critical patent/DE1198541T1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/482—Gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
    • B01J8/002—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor with a moving instrument
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/007—Removal of contaminants of metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/102—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids containing free acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/12—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting including the revival of the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/32—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively adsorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983—Additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1678—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with air separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/169—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with water treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (17)

PatentansprüchePatent claims 1. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß zum Umwandeln von kohlenstoffhaltigem Einsatzmaterial in synthetisches Gas, wobei das Reaktionsgefäß von der Art mit einem unteren Abschnitt mit einem Gitter ist, das ein Bett aus fluidisierbarem und wärmespeicherndem teilchenförmigen! Material, bevorzugt Sand und besonders bevorzugt Quarzsand oder Aluminiumoxidsand mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 200 bis 700 Jim hält, wobei das Bett durch einen Strom aus sauers to ff haltigem Gas, der durch das Gitter zugeführt wird, fluidisiert wird, wobei der untere Abschnitt auch geeignet ist, eine Zufuhr von zu vergasendem kohlenstoffhaltigem Material aufzunehmen, wobei das Reaktionsgefäß ferner einen oberen Abschnitt für die Gewinnung und das Evakuieren des in dem unteren Abschnitt hergestellten synthetischen Gases hat, wobei die Verbesserung aus einem oberen Abschnitt mit einer im Vergleich zu der mittleren inneren Querschnittsfläche des unteren Abschnitts vergrößerten mittleren inneren Querschnittsfläche besteht, um das Lösen und Entfernen des synthetischen Gases aus dem Bett aus teilchenförmigen! Material zu erleichtern.1. A gasification reaction vessel for converting carbonaceous feedstock into synthetic gas, the reaction vessel being of the type having a lower section with a grid containing a bed of fluidizable and heat-retentive particulate! material, preferably sand and more preferably quartz sand or alumina sand having an average diameter of 200 to 700 µm, the bed being fluidized by a stream of oxygen-containing gas supplied through the grid, the lower section also being adapted to receive a supply of carbonaceous material to be gasified, the reaction vessel further having an upper section for recovering and evacuating the synthetic gas produced in the lower section, the improvement consisting of an upper section having an increased average internal cross-sectional area compared to the average internal cross-sectional area of the lower section to facilitate dissolving and removing the synthetic gas from the bed of particulate material. 2. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß nach Anspruch 1, wobei die mittlere innere Querschnittsfläche des oberen Abschnitts mindestens 1,5 mal größer als die des unteren Abschnitts ist.2. The gasification reaction vessel of claim 1, wherein the average internal cross-sectional area of the upper portion is at least 1.5 times larger than that of the lower portion. 3. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der untere Abschnitt des Gefäßes eine etwa 2 bis 3 mal höhere Innenhöhe hat als die Höhe des oberen Abschnitts.3. A gasification reaction vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower portion of the vessel has an internal height approximately 2 to 3 times higher than the height of the upper portion. DE/fP 1 198 5 41. TlDE/fP 1 198 5 41. Tl 4. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Gefäß im allgemeinen zylindrisch ist, wobei ein unterer Abschnitt eine gegebene innere Querschnittsfläche als Funktion der Zuführungsgeschwindigkeit hat und ein oberer Abschnitt eine zweite und größere innere Querschnittsfläche und einen verjüngten Teil hat, der den Übergang zwischen den oberen und unteren Abschnitten begrenzt .4. A gasification reaction vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vessel is generally cylindrical, with a lower portion having a given internal cross-sectional area as a function of feed rate and an upper portion having a second and larger internal cross-sectional area and a tapered portion defining the transition between the upper and lower portions. 5. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß nach Anspruch 4, wobei der obere Abschnitt mit einer gewölbeförmigen Kuppel versehen ist, die mindestens eine Öffnung zum Abpumpen des in dem Reaktionsgefäß hergestellten synthetischen Gases hat.5. A gasification reaction vessel according to claim 4, wherein the upper portion is provided with a vaulted dome having at least one opening for pumping out the synthetic gas produced in the reaction vessel. 6. Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß nach Anspruch 5, wobei das kohlenstoffhaltige Einsatzmaterial seitlich von einem Schneckenförderer innerhalb des fluidisierten Betts aus teilchenförmigem Material eingeführt wird und jegliches angesammeltes anorganisches Material über geeignet konstruierte Öffnungen, die in dem unteren Abschnitt des Vergasungsreaktors angeordnet sind, kontinuierlich oder mit Unterbrechungen entnommen wird.6. A gasification reaction vessel according to claim 5, wherein the carbonaceous feedstock is introduced laterally from a screw conveyor within the fluidized bed of particulate material and any accumulated inorganic material is continuously or intermittently removed via suitably designed openings located in the lower section of the gasification reactor. 7. Verfahren zur Vergasung eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzmaterials, wobei das Verfahren aufweist: Erreichen der Vergasung eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzmateriais in einem Reaktionsgefäß, welches ein fluidisiertes Vergasungsbett aus teilchenförmigem Material, eine Zuführungsöffnung zum Zuführen des kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials und ein Gitter, das Winddüsen zum Einführen eines Fluidisationsgases in das Vergasungsbett aufweist, wobei die Verbesserung in dem Vergasungsverfahren daraus besteht, als das Fluidisationsgas eine mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft, die etwa 25 bis etwa 50% Sauerstoff enthält, in das Reaktionsgefäß zu liefern.7. A method of gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock, the method comprising: achieving gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in a reaction vessel having a fluidized gasification bed of particulate material, a feed port for feeding the carbonaceous material, and a grid having tuyeres for introducing a fluidizing gas into the gasification bed, the improvement in the gasification process consisting in supplying as the fluidizing gas an oxygen-enriched air containing from about 25 to about 50% oxygen to the reaction vessel. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei die mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft bevorzugt 30 bis 40% Sauerstoff enthält.8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the oxygen-enriched air preferably contains 30 to 40% oxygen. 9. Verfahren zur Vergasung und Aufbereitung eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzmaterials, wobei das Verfahren aufweist: Erreichen der Vergasung eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzmaterials in einem Reaktionsgefäß und einem Aufbereitungsvefahren-Unterziehen des sich ergebenden synthetischen Gases, um Fremdstoffe und Verunreinigungen zu entfernen, wobei die Verbesserung in dem Aufbereitungsverfahren besteht aus: Unterziehen des synthetischen Gases einer sequentiellen Behandlung in mindestens einem Zyklon, um teilchenförmiges Material daraus zu entfernen, gefolgt von einer Behandlung in mindestens einem Gegenstrora-Naßwaschturm, um das Gas zu kühlen und weitere Verunreinigungen zu solubilisieren oder mitzureißen, gefolgt von einer Behandlung in mindestens einem Venturi-Wascher, um weitere Verunreinigungen zu entfernen, gefolgt von einer Behandlung in mindestens einem Tropfenabscheider, um restliche flüssige Tröpfchen zu entfernen.9. A process for gasifying and upgrading a carbonaceous feedstock, the process comprising: achieving gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in a reaction vessel and subjecting the resulting synthetic gas to a upgrading process to remove foreign matter and contaminants, the improvement in the upgrading process consisting of: subjecting the synthetic gas to sequential treatment in at least one cyclone to remove particulate matter therefrom, followed by treatment in at least one countercurrent wet scrubber to cool the gas and solubilize or entrain further contaminants, followed by treatment in at least one venturi scrubber to remove further contaminants, followed by treatment in at least one drift eliminator to remove residual liquid droplets. 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, das ferner nach der Tropfenabscheidungsbehandlung eine Aktivkohlebehandlung aufweist, um restliche flüchtige aromatische Bestandteile zu entfernen.10. The process of claim 9, further comprising an activated carbon treatment after the droplet deposition treatment to remove residual aromatic volatiles. 11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, das ferner nach der Aktivkohlebehandlung eine Entfeuchtungsbehandlung aufweist, um ein trockeneres synthetisches Gas zu erhalten.11. The process of claim 10, further comprising a dehumidification treatment after the activated carbon treatment to obtain a drier synthetic gas. 12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, wobei der in dem Gegenstrom-Naßwaschturm verwendete wäßrige Strom pH-geregelt ist, um die während dem Naßwascharbeitsgang aus dem synthetischen Gas entfernten Arten zu neutralisieren oder zu quenchen.12. The process of any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the aqueous stream used in the countercurrent wet scrubbing tower is pH controlled to neutralize or quench the species removed from the synthetic gas during the wet scrubbing operation. 13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, wobei der wäßrige Strom, der den Gegenstrom-Naßwaschturm verläßt, einem Kühlungsschritt, gefolgt von einem Dekantations- und Abschöpfschritt unterzogen wird, um festes teilchenförmiges Material, das in das Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß recycelt werden kann, zu entfernen, um den Energiewirkungsgrad zu verbessern und die Nebenprodukterzeugung zu minimieren .13. A process according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the aqueous stream exiting the countercurrent wet scrubbing tower is subjected to a cooling step followed by a decanting and skimming step to remove solid particulate material that can be recycled to the gasification reaction vessel to improve energy efficiency and minimize by-product production. 14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei der wäßrige Strom, der den Tropfenabscheider verläßt, einem Dekantations- und Abschöpfschritt unterzogen wird, um festes teilchenförmiges Material, das in das Vergasungs-Reaktionsgefäß recycelt werden kann, zu entfernen, um den Energiewirkungsgrad zu verbessern und die Nebenprodukterzeugung zu minimieren. 14. The process of claim 13 wherein the aqueous stream exiting the mist eliminator is subjected to a decantation and skimming step to remove solid particulate material that can be recycled to the gasification reaction vessel to improve energy efficiency and minimize by-product production. 15. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 13 oder 14, wobei der wäßrige Strom, der den/die Dekantations- und Abschöpfschritt (e) verläßt, einem Wasserfilterungssystem unterzogen wird, um den wäßrigen Strom zu reinigen.15. A process according to claims 13 or 14, wherein the aqueous stream leaving the decanting and skimming step(s) is subjected to a water filtration system to purify the aqueous stream. 16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, wobei das Wasserfilterungssystem Aktivkohle enthält.16. The method of claim 15, wherein the water filtration system contains activated carbon. 17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, wobei das Wasserfilterungssystem ferner feste Partikel enthält, die von einem Zyklon gesammelt werden, das als die erste Aufbereitungsbehandlung des in dem Vergasungsgefäß hergestellten synthetischen Gases verwendet wird.17. The method of claim 16, wherein the water filtration system further includes solid particles collected by a cyclone used as the first conditioning treatment of the synthetic gas produced in the gasification vessel.
DE1198541T 1999-05-14 2000-05-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFYING WASTE Pending DE1198541T1 (en)

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ES009901711A ES2183662B1 (en) 1999-05-14 1999-07-29 GASIFICATION REACTION CONTAINER AND CORRESPONDING PROCEDURE
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