DE1182946B - Machine for the manufacture of box bottoms or tops - Google Patents

Description

Machine for making box bottoms or tops. The invention refers to a machine for making box bottoms or tops from blanks of cardboard, plastic or the like, with intermittent working Devices for conveying the blanks, folding them in pairs at least twice of the side walls as well as connecting the side walls at their corners and with a device for discharging the finished boxes.

Machines of this type are known. In particular, one is from one Fixed folding device for plastics with a swiveling bar known. It is also known to fold the lower or upper parts of the box in to undertake two stations.

It is the object of the invention to design a machine of the type mentioned in such a way that that they are used to manufacture box bottoms or tops within certain Limits of any dimensions is suitable and that they can be produced at high speed can work from around 1800 box parts per hour. This should also include cutting material can be processed that is somewhat elastic and creasable and its surface can be easily damaged, especially scratched. Furthermore, the machine should work automatically as soon as it is loaded with blanks.

The setting for different box part sizes, i.e. lengths, Widths and heights should be simple, quick and accurate can be done. There should be no fittings that fit the size of the box are adapted, must be replaced.

Furthermore, the machine should be simple and cheap and not have much installation space claim. The moving parts of the machine should, at least for the largest part Part, to be easily accessible so that they can be easily adjusted and serviced can be.

The blanks to be processed should not be burned out in the machine, cut or notched.

The side walls of the box parts should be folded down a full 90 ° and when gluing or welding together - for example by means of cut edge strips - keep their squareness.

Furthermore, on a machine according to the invention, the partially folded Blanks can be easily transferred from a first to a second folding station can without the sidewalls, which are preferably folded down, sticking or be held. The machine according to the invention should, despite the high production speed require only one person to operate them, whose sole responsibility is to to feed the machine one after the other with the individual blanks.

A machine according to the invention is fundamentally used to achieve this object characterized by two folding stations arranged one behind the other on one level, each of which has fixed and movable rabbet strips, through a double-acting one Conveyor slide for simultaneous loading of both stations and by one device for removing the boxes connected at their corners in the second station and to set down and discharge the boxes to the side, with the individual devices are driven in such a way that at least one blank can be processed at a time, and so to two adjustable in distance from one another - for the drive in particular of the movable rebate strips provided with camshafts - Tables are arranged that the rebate strips arranged on and between the tables different blank formats can be set, including in the area of the outer Folding strips of the second folding station adjacent table ends in the longitudinal direction of the table adjustable corner blocks are provided for holding the tools.

All moving parts of the machine designed according to the invention are easily accessible, simply constructed and can easily be adjusted to the desired box size can be set. Only two side plates need to be replaced to get the Machine to another dimension or width of the box in the longitudinal direction of the Machine. In addition, these side plates are only needed for basic Changes to be used. Will the machine in the transverse direction on different If the box formats are set, the lower cross-fold rails do not need to be replaced to become. These are simply cut to the correct length from tape material. The drive train is made up of simple parts.

The subject matter of the invention results from the following description an embodiment of a machine designed according to the invention with reference on the figures.

F i g. Fig. 1 shows, in a simplified perspective, the sequence of operations performed by a machine according to the invention; F i g. Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a machine according to the invention with the ejector mechanism removed to make the illustration clearer; F i g. 3 shows a perspective partial view of the machine, from which the basic structure of the machine frame, the machine table and the machine drive countershaft can be seen; F i g. 4 shows a longitudinal section along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2, showing the loading mechanism and the inner and outer folding plates of the machine; In this figure, as in the other figures, those parts that do not take part directly in the work process to be explained are not shown or at most only partially in order to facilitate the overview; F i g. Figure 4A shows a detail of the loading mechanism's front drive finger; F i g. Figure 5 shows a cross section along line 5-5 of Figure 5. 2, from which the mechanism for lowering or raising the carriers for the carton blanks can be seen; F i g. Figure 6 shows a cross section taken along line 6-6 of Figure 6. 2, from which the mechanism for raising and lowering one of the longitudinally extending folding members at the first folding station can be seen; F i g. Figure 7 shows a cross-section along line 7-7 of Figure 7. Fig. 2, showing the mechanism for raising and lowering the inner transversely extending upper folder at the second folding station; F i g. 8 shows a cross section along line 8-8 of FIG. 2, from which the mechanism for actuating one of the inner folding plates can be seen; F i g. 9 shows a section along line 9-9 of FIG. 2, from which an inner welding head with a shaped body and an actuating mechanism for this can be seen; F i g. 9A shows a cross section along the line 9A-9A of FIG. Fig. 2 showing the drive mechanism for an outer folding plate; F i g. 10 shows in perspective one of the outer welding heads with the associated molded body and the actuation mechanism for this; F i g. 10A shows a section along line 10A-10A of FIG . 10, from which the interaction of the welding head with the molded body belonging to it can be seen; Fi g. 10B shows, in a disassembled state, in perspective the arrangement of a lateral folding element; F i g. Figure 11 shows a cross section along line 11-11 of Figure 11. 2 through the whole machine, from which the lifting and ejection mechanism for finished cardboard lids can be seen; F i g. 11A shows a longitudinal section along the line 11A-11A of FIG. 11, from which the bracket and the other parts of the ejection mechanism can be seen; F i g. 11B shows a partial horizontal section through the ejection mechanism along line 11B-11B of FIG. 11A; F i g. i2 shows a plan view of the rear end of the machine, from which the ejection mechanism can be seen, which is of the type shown in FIG. 2 supervisory shown has been removed; F i g. 13 shows a section along line 13-13 of FIG. 2, from which the outer folding element arrangement, the folding plate and the stopping mechanism for the carton blanks can be seen; F i g. 13A shows a section along line 13A-13A of FIG. 2, from which the lateral folding members and their associated guide fingers for the cardboard blanks can be seen; F i g. Figure 14 shows a cross section taken along line 14-14 of Figure 14. Fig. 2 showing the cam actuation assembly; F i g. 14A shows a longitudinal section along line 14A-14A of FIG. 14, from which the mounting of a corner block can be seen; F i g. Figure 15 is a partial perspective view of an adjustable side guide mechanism for the carton blanks initially placed in the machine; F i g. Figure 16 is a top plan view of a corner block assembly including the welding mechanism and cam actuator; F i g. 17 shows a partial longitudinal section along the line 17-17 of FIG. 16 showing further details of the corner block assembly; F i g. 18 shows a plan view similar to FIG. 17 the outer upper folding element mechanism in its operative position; F i g. 19 shows a partial section through the upper and lower folding members at the first folding station when folding a carton blank; F i g. 20 shows in a section the edge of a folded cardboard blank after the first folding element has been lifted off; F i g. 21 shows in a section similar to FIG. 20 folding elements that make non-grooved edges; F i g. 22 shows in a section the edge of a grooved cardboard blank after the first folding members have been lifted off; F i g. 23 shows a time diagram for the sequence of operations in a machine according to the invention, based on one revolution of the camshafts in degrees.

In the following description of the machine according to the invention, the working sequence of the machine is described and its frame and its drive back gear are discussed in general. This is followed by a more detailed explanation of the construction and operation of the various devices of the machine at the various stations. The description generally follows a cardboard blank as it runs through the machine. This is followed by a brief overview of the overall mode of operation, with a carton blank being tracked through the machine. Finally, the main settings of the machine for the desired box sizes are described, some of which are repeated. Sequence of the work steps The schematic representation of the F i g. 1 is highly simplified. With the exception of the loading carriage, FIG. 1 no moving parts of the machine are shown. An alignment station A is located on the loading side of the machine, which receives unfolded cardboard blanks L that have previously been cut to size, incised and provided with the necessary flaps. The cardboard blanks L are inserted into the alignment station A piece by piece one after the other by an operator. The loading mechanism F conveys the unfolded cardboard blanks L via two longitudinally extending lower folding rails D. The cardboard blanks have a lid field 10 on which longitudinally extending side wall tabs 11 and transversely extending side wall tabs 12 are cut. In this embodiment, the cardboard blank consists of a transparent thermoplastic material. The exact alignment of the cardboard blanks in the manner shown is not critical. The machine according to the embodiment picks up the cardboard blanks in a position in which the largest dimension of the cardboard blanks lies transversely. The listed side wall tabs 11 extending in the longitudinal direction can therefore be viewed as front wall tabs of a finished cardboard lid. In the transverse direction, welding strips 13 are cut at both ends of the flaps 12 which extend in the transverse direction, with which the edges of the folded cardboard lid are formed.

The cardboard blanks coming from the alignment station A first arrive at the first folding station B. This station B is shown in FIG. 1 shows a partially folded cardboard blank L 1, as it results when the first folding operation has been carried out on it by the mechanism of the machine. (This mechanism is not shown in FIG. 1.) As shown in FIG. 7, the longitudinal flaps 11 and the corner connecting strips 13 of the cardboard blank are folded downwards against the outer longitudinal walls of the longitudinally extending lower folding rails D at the end of the first folding operation. The loading mechanism F, which has brought the carton blank L from the alignment station A to the first folding station D, i.e. into the position of the carton blank L 1, now brings the carton blank L 1 from the first folding station to a second folding station C. This second folding station C is in Fig. 1 shows a cardboard blank L 2. In the second folding station C there are lower folding rails D 1 and D 2 which extend in the transverse direction and are referred to below as inner and outer transverse folding rails. A similar designation is applied to the mechanism associated with these lower folding rails D 1 and D 2 . In the second folding station C, the side panel flaps 12 are folded down by a mechanism which brings the strips 13 to the front panel flaps 11. This mechanism is not shown in FIG. 1 shown. After the flaps 12 have been folded in this way, welding and molding elements (not shown) press the strips 13 against the vertical abutments 14 on the inner cross-fold rail D 1 and against abutments 14 a on the outer cross-fold rail. Heat is supplied to the welding organs so that the strips 13 weld to the end wall tabs 11 of the cardboard lid. The finished cardboard lid L 2 is then up to one shown in FIG. 1 position shown by dashed lines raised vertically. The means used for this are shown in FIG. 1 not shown. An ejection mechanism (not shown) then moves the finished cardboard lid L 2 in the transverse direction of the machine into a delivery station G, in which a finished cardboard lid L3 is placed on rails 15 in each case. Each completed carton lid that is removed in the transverse direction of the machine pushes the previously completed carton lid L 3 away from the delivery station G onto a suitable conveyor, not shown, which does not belong to the invention. The machine frame and the drive back gear of the machine F i g. 3 shows, in simplified form, the frame of the machine with the drive train in perspective. The frame has two horizontally extending sole plates 16 which are spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction. A front transverse plate 17 and a rear transverse plate 18 are mounted on these sole plates 16. The transverse plate 17 and the transverse plate 18 can have a U-shaped cross section. The machine is partially enclosed by a left side metal plate made of sheet metal and a right side metal plate made of sheet metal 19 and 21, respectively. A front cross bar 22 and a rear cross bar 23 are attached to these plates. Another rear cross piece 24 connects the side plates 19 and 21. A support 25, which can essentially consist of a sheet metal jacket, serves to support the rear cross bar 23.

An essential feature of the machine are two U-beams extending in the longitudinal direction, upside down, which are referred to below as table T and table T 1. The table T 1 is shown in FIG. 3 broken away for the most part. These tables carry a major part of the drive and actuation device. The transverse distance between the tables is adjustable; With it, in the present exemplary embodiment, the machine can be adjusted to different cardboard lid sizes with regard to the length of the lid fields of the cardboard boxes. Near the rear of the machine are corner block pieces J and J 1. Only corner block piece J is -in F i g. 3 drawn. These corner block pieces are adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the machine. Their position on the tables T and T 1 determines the width of the cardboard lid field in the present exemplary embodiment.

The corner block pieces J and J 1 are connected to one another via a transverse rod 25 a , so that both corner block pieces J and J1 can be moved along the tables T and T 1 at the same time. An adjusting spindle 25 b is screwed into a nut under the cross rod 25 a. The corner block pieces can be adjusted with this adjusting spindle 25b. A hand crank wheel 25 d, which sits on the spindle 25 b , allows a longitudinal displacement of the corner block pieces J and J 1 and the parts of the mechanism which are mounted on the corner blocks J and J1 (they are not shown in Figs. 2 and 3), to undertake. Means are also provided with which the tables T and T 1 can be adjusted in the transverse direction. Adjusting spindles 25 e (FIG. 2), which are screwed into an outer flange of each table, are used for this. Hand crank wheels 25 f are in turn seated on the spindles 25 e . As already discussed, the transverse position of the tables in the present exemplary embodiment determines the length of the box lid field.

The transmission countershaft, the main elements of which are shown in FIG. 3 is extremely simple. With the exception of the reciprocating loading mechanism for the carton blanks, almost all of its working parts (not shown in Fig. 3) are mounted on tables T and T 1 where they are easily accessible. The in Fig. 3 has a motor 26 which is mounted on the transverse plate 17. The motor 26 drives a V-belt pulley 27, which drives an adjustable V-belt pulley 29 via a V-belt 28. The V-belt pulley 29 is constructed in the usual way. The guide surfaces of the V-belt pulley 29 can be adjusted in relation to one another, whereby a speed setting is possible within certain limits. The V-belt pulley 29 drives a gear in a gear box 31; the transmission in turn drives a sprocket 23 around which a chain 33 is guided. The chain 33 drives a sprocket 34 which sits on a countershaft 36 in the rear of the machine. The countershaft 36 runs in suitable bearings in upstanding, transversely spaced plates 37. These plates 37 are attached to the rear transverse plate 18. A cam disk 38 is seated on the countershaft 36 and causes the feed mechanism to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the cam disk 38 actuates a lever 39 which is seated on a pivot rod 41. The swivel rod moves two actuating levers for the loading mechanism, which are seated at its ends, to and fro. The levers 39 and 42 are shown in FIG. 3 shown broken, as is a return lever 43 which is under spring force and which is also attached to the pivot rod 41.

The countershaft 36 not only rotates the cam 38 for reciprocating the loading mechanism by means of the pivot shaft 41 and its associated levers, but also drives the rest of the mechanism of the machine. A sprocket 46 (FIG. 3) seated on the countershaft 36 drives a chain 47 that runs around a sprocket 48 seated on an upper countershaft 49. As shown in FIG. 2 and 11, the upper countershaft 49 is supported in the center by a bearing block 50 which extends from the crosspiece 24 to the front. It is held against transverse movements by means of a collar 50 a on one side of the block 50 and by means of a chain wheel 48 on the other side of the block 50. The countershaft 49 enters rectangular gear boxes 51 and 52 near its ends. These gear boxes are mounted on tables T and T 1. In each gear box there are bevel gears 53 seated on the countershaft 49. These bevel gears 53 drive bevel gears 54 which are seated on main camshafts K and K 1 extending in the longitudinal direction over tables T and T 1. These main camshafts K and K 1 run in bearing blocks 55 which are attached to the tables T and T 1. The cams mounted on the main camshafts K and K 1 and the mechanism assigned to these cams, also mounted on the tables T 1 and T , are shown in FIG. 3 not shown, so that the basic structure of the intermediate transmission is clearly recognizable.

An ejection mechanism is provided to remove a finished cardboard lid. This lifts the finished cardboard lid and transports it from the second folding station C to the delivery station G, which have been described in connection with FIG. 1. The ejection mechanism, which conveys the finished cardboard lids away in the transverse direction, is driven by means of a chain wheel 56 which is seated on the camshaft K. The chain wheel 56 drives the chain 57, which in turn drives a chain wheel 58 mounted on a post 59. The post 59 extends vertically upward from the corner block piece J. The sprocket 58 drives a longitudinally extending shaft 60 which operates the ejector mechanism. Details are given in FIG. 11 and in other figures to be described later. The shaft 60 is shown in FIG. 3 drawn broken off in order to make the representation clearer. Furthermore, in FIG. 3, a stand 61 attached to the corner block piece J is shown broken away. As will be explained in more detail below, this stand 61 also serves to hold the ejection mechanism. The stand 61 is fully shown in FIG. 11 A.

This gives the general description of the mode of operation and the basic construction of a machine according to the invention. In the following, the stations of the machine will now be explained in detail with regard to structure and mode of operation. The alignment station The elements of the alignment station A are shown in FIGS. 2, 4 to 6 and 15 are shown. When the cardboard blanks L are placed in the alignment station A of the machine, they are initially partially supported by the forward-projecting extensions 66 of the lower folding rails D. These extensions are shown in FIG. 1 shown. Brackets 67 extend in the transverse direction from the front ends 66 of the lower folding rails D to the outside. They are adjustable and support side guides 68 for the carton blanks that extend in the longitudinal direction of the machine. The side guides 68 support the end walls 11 of the cardboard blanks. The side guides 68 have lower support flanges 69 for the carton blanks; they rest adjustably on the bracket 67 extending in the transverse direction, as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen. In Fig. 5, the brackets 67 are shown with dashed lines with regard to the sectional view of this figure. The side guides 68 also have guide shoulders 71 for the cardboard blanks, which define the transverse position of the cardboard blanks. As shown in FIG. 6 and 15, there are narrow flanges 72 on the rear of the guides 68 in the area of the first folding station, which lightly support the end tabs 11 before they are folded down by the folding mechanism to be described in the first folding station. Upward bending of the flaps 11 of the cardboard blanks is prevented by upper flanges 73 on the side guides. As best seen in Figs. 4 and 6 as well as 15 can be seen, there is a deflector 74 for the cardboard blanks between the aligning station A and the folding station B. This deflector ensures that the carton blanks are fed into the area between the lower flange 72 and the upper flange 73 of each side guide. The structure of the mounting arrangement for one of the side guides 68, which also allows a calibrated adjustment of the side guides in accordance with the width of the flap, is shown in FIG. 15 shown. This construction of the adjustment mechanism is the same on each of the tables T and T 1. A post 76 extends upward from a mounting plate 77. The plate 77 is bolted to a plate 78 which carries bearing blocks 79 that are spaced apart from one another. As will be explained in more detail below, the blocks 79 keep the folding mechanism in the first folding station. An arm 81 extends transversely inward from the post 76. It serves as a track for a carriage 82 which is attached to the side guide 68 by means not shown. The carriage 82 and the side guide 68 assigned to it are moved into the respectively desired position by means of an adjustable thumb wheel 83 provided with an annular recess. The thumbwheel is mounted on the carriage 82. The ring recess of the wheel 83 frictionally engages a scale 84 which extends in the transverse direction and which is located on the arm 81. A pointer 84 a is attached to the carriage 82. The pointer shows on the scale the distance between the lateral guide shoulders 71 and the lower folding rail D assigned to them and extending in the longitudinal direction. This distance represents the width of the end tabs 11. The carriage 82 is held on the arm 81 by means of a thumb screw 85.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 can be seen, two are longitudinally extending auxiliary support rails 86 for the cardboard blanks mounted on posts 87. These posts 87 are adjustably attached to the front cross bar. The posts 87 in FIG. 6 are shown in dashed lines. The rails 86 are not required, if the transverse dimensions of the lid fields of the boxes to be erected, are low.

The loading mechanism As already mentioned, the loading mechanism conveys a carton blank L from the alignment station A to the first folding station B and at the same time a partially folded carton blank L 1 from the first folding station B to the second folding station C. The loading mechanism performs two movements: one to and fro Movement to bring the carton blanks and back to the starting position and a vertical downward movement to lower the conveyor mechanism at the beginning of the return stroke, so that the carton blanks that have just been conveyed are not taken back again or are otherwise impaired, and an upward movement in the starting position in each case so, that the loading mechanism can promote two cardboard blanks at the same time.

The reciprocating mechanism of the loading mechanism F is first with reference to the F i g. 4 and 5. On and just inside each extension 66 of the lower longitudinally extending seam rails D is a driving rod that also extends in the longitudinal direction 91. These rods are hereinafter referred to as sleds; there, the loading mechanism is formed in the same way in the area of each lower folding rail D, needs only the mechanism to be described in detail on one page.

As best seen in Fig. 4, an arm 92 extends downward from the slide 91, with which the slide can be pushed back and forth. This arm 92 has a vertically extending slot 93 at its lower end. As shown in FIG. 5, a bushing 94 slides in the slot 93. A push rod 96 for the carriage extends through the bushing 94 in the transverse direction of the machine. At each end of this bumper 96 there are rollers 97; the rollers 97 run in tracks 98 which are formed by longitudinally extending guide rails 99 which are fastened to the side plates 19 and 21, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5 can be seen, for reciprocation of the rod 96 and the carriage 91 is bolted a reinforcement plate 101 to which transversely extending bumper 96 and a substantially longitudinally extending arm 103rd The handlebar 103 has a recess in which the crossbar 96 lies.

This recess is shown in FIG. 4 not recognizable. The link 103 provided with the recess is, as shown in FIG. 5, connected to the rod 96 by means of a screw 102 . In Fig. 4 the handlebar appears in side view. It can be seen that the right end of the link 103 is connected via the pin connection 103 a to the lever arm 42 described above, which, as in the description of FIG. 3 already indicated, on the pivot rod 41 sits.

To adjust the machine with regard to the width (depth) of the rear side wall flap 12, the starting position of the conveyor carriage 91 on the lower folding rails D can be precisely determined by the position shown in FIG. 4 can be adjusted. An adjusting lever 104 is pivotably attached to the arm 39 connected to the pivot arm 41 via a pin 106. The arm 39 is one of those which are shown in the perspective illustration of FIG. 3 are shown broken off. A cam roller 107 is attached to the lower end of the adjustment lever 104. This roller runs on the cam disk 38, which actuates the loading mechanism, as described above in connection with the explanation of the intermediate transmission in connection with FIG. A set screw 108 is screwed into the upper portion of the arm 39. The end of the screw touches the adjusting lever 104. By adjusting the adjusting screw 108, the position of the cam follower roller 107 is changed relative to the lever 104 relative to the arm 39, which rotates the pivot rod 41 back and forth, and thus the position of the carriages 91 in relation to the inner ones lower folding rails D set. This setting is crucial because it is essential that the carton blank L 2 (FIG. 1) is set precisely with respect to the inner lateral folding rail D 1 by the loading mechanism. This setting will be referred to again later in the description.

The loading mechanism cam 38 is shaped to that they fetched the conveyor slide 91 in their advanced position and in theirs Each location granted a rest period. The rest period in the retrieved position makes it easier for the operator to place a new carton blank. the Rest period in the advanced position makes it easier to grasp the cardboard blanks, before the conveyor slides run back again.

To convey the cardboard blanks L from the aligning station A to the first folding station B , each carriage 91 has a driver finger 109 . its, seen in the conveying direction, rear end. At the front end of each slide, as best shown in FIG. 4 A, a driver finger 110 can be seen. This driver finger 110 is seated on a block 112 which is screwed to the front end of the slide 91. The driver fingers 110 convey the carton blanks L 1 from the first folding station B to the second folding station C, as has already been described. The adjustment of the carriage position described above makes it possible to adjust the position of the fingers 10 in relation to the inner transverse folding rail D 1 in accordance with the width (depth) of the rear side wall tab 12, so that the fingers 110 stop shortly before the inner folding rail D 1, at a distance equal to the width of the rear side panel flaps.

As already briefly discussed, means are provided with which the carriages 91 and the driver fingers 109 and 110 assigned to them are lowered when the carriages have reached their advanced position after a forward stroke, and with which means. they are raised again when the carriages have returned to their initial position. How. From the F i g. 4 and 5, there is a longitudinal slot 116 in each carriage 91. Along the inner surface of each carriage there is a longitudinally extending support rail 117 for the carriage, on which a tongue (Fig. 5) is located, which fits into the slot 116 of the slide 91 assigned to it. The arm 92 which reciprocates the slide extends over the inside of the rail 117 downwards. The carriage and the arm 92 pivot relative to the rail 117. The rail can perform a vertical movement, but is fixed in its horizontal position. Fingers 119 extend downward from each rail 117 and are spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the machine. These fingers 119 lie over vertical slots 121 in the lower longitudinal folding rail D. So that the rails 117 cannot perform a horizontal movement, but a vertical movement, blocks 122 are slidably mounted in the vertical slots 121 of the lower folding rail D. These blocks 122 are bolted to the fingers 119 which, as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen, run downwards from the rails. To lift the blocks 122 and thus the rails 117 assigned to them with the carriage 91, extension pieces 123 are bolted to the blocks 122, which in turn are gripped by lifting pins 124 which sit at the ends of angle levers 126 extending in the transverse direction. There are two such angle levers 126 on each table, one at the front and one at the rear. As shown in FIG. 5, the front angle levers have pins 127 with which they are mounted in a block 128 which is bolted onto the tables. The front bell crank 126 each have a bell crank arm 129 which carries a cam follower roller 131. This cam follower roller 131 is operated by a cam 132 of the loading mechanism. Corresponding cam disks sit on each of the camshafts K and K1.

As shown in FIG. 15, the rear bell cranks 126 are pivotally mounted between blocks 78 which carry the bearings 79 previously described in connection with the description of the side guide adjustment mechanism. The rear angle levers 129 also carry rollers 131 which contact the rear cam disks 132. These rear cams 132 are shown in FIG. 15 not shown. The rear cams are identical to the front cams 132. When the camshafts K and K1 rotate, the cam follower rollers 131 are lowered on all four bell crank arms 129 , whereby the lift pins 124 at the inner ends of the bell cranks 126, the blocks 123, the rails 119 and thus the carriage 91 are raised. The lifting mechanism interferes-slot connection web between the rails 117 and the carriage 91 is not the reciprocation of the carriage 91. Considering F i g due to the interlocking. 4, it should be remembered that the carriage lifting mechanism is attached to the rear of the lower folding rail D 1 and its extension 66 and that it therefore does not appear in this figure. The carriages and the organs assigned to them move into their lowered position under the action of gravity, in each case after a forward stroke or, in other words, a conveying stroke of the carriage has been completed. First Folding Station As already discussed, the driver fingers 109 move when the conveyor slides 91 move out of the position shown in FIG. 1 and 4 shown position in which they take up a cardboard blank. Move in the conveying direction, a cardboard blank from the alignment station A in the first folding station B. There, as shown in FIG. 6, the cardboard blank L 1 is supported by the lower longitudinal folding rails D and by the flanges 72 of the side guides 68, and also, when wide cardboard blanks are folded, by the middle supporting rails 86. Above the lower folding rails D are upper folding rails U extending in the longitudinal direction attached, which can move to and from the lower seam rails. The longitudinal extent of the lower folding rails D and the upper folding rails U is at least as large as the greatest width of the cardboard boxes to be folded in the machine, if the machine is designed as in principle in FIG. 1 shown.

As shown in FIG. 6, each upper folding rail U extending in the longitudinal direction is pivotably mounted. The storage is adjustable so that the upper folding rails can be brought exactly into alignment with the lower folding rails. For this purpose, a bush 136 is inserted into the bearing blocks 179 described above. A pivot pin 137 for the upper seam rails extends through the socket 136 and is eccentric therewith. Rotation of the bushing 136 causes an adjustment of the position of the upper folding rail in relation to the lower folding rail. On the ends of the pivot pin 137 (FIG. 6), pivot arms 138 , to which the upper folding rails are attached, are pivotably mounted. As shown in FIG. 6, each swivel arm is actuated by a cam follower roller 139 which presses against a cam disk 141 on the camshaft K. F i g. 6 shows the arrangement for the table T. The same construction is also found on the other table T1, which carries the camshaft K1. A plate 142 extends laterally outward from the pivot arm 138. One end of a spring 134 is attached to it, the other end of which is connected to a post 144 which extends from the table T upwards. The spring holds the roller 139 on the cam disk 141. The position of the axis of the cam follower roller 139 can also be adjusted by means of an eccentric bushing. With this setting, the stroke range of the swivel arm can be precisely determined, and an adaptation to the material thickness of the cardboard blank can be made.

So that the upper folding rail U does not put excessive pressure on the lower one Folding rail D is exercising relief means in the event of overload intended. For this purpose, screw bolts 146 are screwed into the bearing block 79 and extend freely from there through bores in block 78 and through bores in the table T. over the lower ends of the bolts are compression springs 147 which are held in place by nuts and washers 148. This spring arrangement gives some play if the pressure between the upper and lower folding rails is too great will.

As shown in FIG. 6 can be seen; the upper folding rail U has a separate folding rod 149 which is fastened to the arm 138 by means of screws 150. The lower boundary surface of the rod 149 has a recess 151 which cooperates with a ridge 152 on the lower folding rail D. When the upper folding bar 149 is pressed onto the lower folding rail D, the recess 151 in the upper folding bar, in cooperation with the edge 152 on the lower folding rail, causes the front wall flap 11 and the strips 13 on the cardboard blank L 1 downwards against the The outer surface of the lower folding rail can be bent. If the cardboard blank is made of thermoplastic material, a resistance heating device, which lies around the lower folding rail D, heats the edge 152 of the lower folding rail. This facilitates the bending of the tabs 11 and in this case a groove is formed in the cardboard blank.

If the table T is moved in the transverse direction along the support rods 22 and 23, they move, as shown in FIG. 6 shows the upper and lower seam rails together. The alignment of the upper and lower rebate rails is not changed by a transverse adjustment of the tables. F i g. 5 shows a clamping block 155 and a clamping bolt 154 a; the clamping bolt 154 a tilts the clamping block with respect to the crossbar 23 .'- As a result, the table is held in its transverse position. The same clamp bracket is located on both tables T and T1, as shown in FIG. 11 can be seen. Second folding station After the longitudinally extending tabs 11 and the strips 13 have been folded against the outer surfaces of the lower folding rails D, the carton blank L 1 is brought to the second folding station C by the driver fingers 109. Here, the flaps 11 extending in the transverse direction are folded downwards at an angle of 90 ° and the strips 13 are in overlapping position with respect to the ends of the longitudinal direction. extending flap 11 brought. As already explained above, the second folding station has inner and outer fold rails D 1 and D 2 which extend in the transverse direction and which are attached to upwardly extending supports 14 and 14 a. The transverse folding rail D 1 and the supports 14 belong to the inner folding arrangement of the second folding station; the transverse folding rail D 2 and the supports 14 a belong to the outer folding arrangement of the second folding station.

The storage of the transverse fold rails D 1 and D 2 on their supports is best shown in FIG. 10B can be seen. In Fig. 10B, the holder of the outer transverse fold rail D 2 on the support 14 a is shown in a perspective partial view. As shown in FIG. 10 B can be seen, the support 14 a has a recess 155 which receives the upper folding rail D 2. The support also has a specially shaped transverse slot 155a which receives the fastening screw 155b. If the tables T and T 1 are adjusted in the transverse direction to adapt to the size of the cardboard box, the lower transverse folding rails D 1 and D 2 are replaced by other folding rails that have the desired length. The folding rails are the only parts to be replaced when the machine is adapted to a different box size. The slots 155 a in the supports 14 'and 14a allow a fine adjustment of the table distance for the case that the folding rails D 1 and D 2 do not have exactly the required length.

The mechanism for actuating the inner upper folding rail U 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 shown. This mechanism is the same as that in Figs. Mechanism shown in Figs. 16-18 which actuates the outer upper folding rail U2. Fig: 7 shows that a bearing block 156 is bolted to the tables T and T 1. The bearing block for the table T is shown in FIG. 7 shown. The arrangement that actuates the inner upper folding rail U 1 is the same for the two tables T and T 1. For this reason the same reference numbers have been used for the different elements on both tables. As shown in FIG. 7, an eccentric bush 157 is adjustably inserted into the bearing block 156. An angle lever 158 supports the upper folding rail U1 of each table. The angle lever has a bearing pin p which is rotatable in the eccentric bush 157. The upper folding rail U1 has a folding rod 159 which can be displaced within a suitable opening in the angle lever 158. The folding bar is to be clamped to the angle lever 158 by means of a screw 165 inserted into the angle lever. When the tables are adjusted in the transverse direction, the fastening screws only need to be loosened one after the other so that the folding bar 159 can slide freely through the angle lever 158 of the table to be adjusted. The folding rail of the upper folding rail U1 is cut out corresponding to the folding bars 149 of the folding rails U extending in the longitudinal direction. The recess cooperates with a ridge on the lower folding rail D 1. The recess and the ridge do not appear in FIG. 7, however, in FIG. 13 shows the corresponding recess 162a of the outer transverse folding rail U2 and the ridge 163a that works together with the recess of the upper folding rail. Heating devices 161 and 161a are stored in the folding rails 159 and 159 a.

To raise or lower the upper folding rail U 1, as shown in FIG. 7, an adjustable handlebar 164 is provided which is pivotally attached to each bell crank 158 via a pin 166. This pin 166 is in the illustration of FIG. 7 hidden. The lower end of each link 164 is connected to an angle lever 167 by means of a pin 165. The angle lever 167 is mounted in a bearing block 169 by means of a bearing pin 168. Bolts 171 are screwed into the bearing block 169 and extend freely through the base of the bearing block 156 and through the associated table T. Below the table T , as shown in FIG. 7, springs 172 which are held on bolts 171 by washers and nuts 173 can be seen. This construction of the actuating mechanism for the upper folding rails U 1 is resilient in the event of overload, as is the construction of the actuating arrangement for the longitudinally extending upper folding rails U, which have been described above.

A cam follower roller 174 is attached to the outer end of the bell crank 167 and contacts the upper seam bar actuating cam 176 which is seated on the K camshaft. A cam disk of the same construction sits on camshaft K1 of table T1. The cam follower roller 174 is urged against the cam disk 176 by means of a resilient Anns 177 which is seated on the bearing pin 168 of the angle lever 167. A transverse spring 178 is attached to this arm, the other end of which is attached to the bearing block 55, as shown in FIG. 2 can be seen. When the camshafts K and Kl. The cam disk 176 causes the inner, transversely extending upper folding rails U1 to lower in the direction of the lower folding rail D 1 and thus bending the transversely extending tabs 12 of the cardboard blank L2. Thereafter, the spring 178 again lifts the upper seam rail from the lower seam rail.

Outer Cross Fold Assembly, Corner Block Assembly, and Cam Actuation The outer cross fold assembly is functionally the same as the inner cross fold assembly. It is somewhat more complicated, however, because it is mounted on the corner blocks J and J 1 at the tables T and T 1 , so that a longitudinal adjustment of the outer transverse rebate arrangement U2, D2 relative to the inner transverse rebate arrangement U 1, D 1 is possible. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the other figures, the tables T 1 and T have longitudinally extending slots 170 and 170a . The purpose of these slots is to allow longitudinal displacement of the support means for corner blocks J and J1 along their tables so that adjustment to the width of the cardboard lids can be made. The displacement of the corner blocks J and J 1 by means of the handwheel 25 d (FIG. 2) has already been described.

In the following the adjustable brackets for the corner blocks J and J 1 with reference to the F i g. 9 A, 14, 14 A and 17. The bracket for both corner blocks is the same. The in the F i g. The arrangements shown in FIGS. 9A and 17 show the corner block J on the table T. The FIG. 14 and 14 A show the corner block J 1 on the table T 1. From FIGS. 9 A and 14, the angle levers 167 a for actuating the outer upper transverse fold rails U2 can be seen and the bearing blocks 169 a, which carry the angle lever 167a. The angle levers themselves are shown broken off. The bearing blocks 169a form a part of the holder for the corner blocks J and J 1. The bearing blocks 169 a are thus resiliently via bolts 171a and springs 172a also secured even with congestion as the bearing blocks 169 a of the corresponding internal devices. The pins 171a extend through the slots 170 and 170 a in the tables T and T l. Below each table is a block 175 through which the bolts 171a freely emerge. A key 175a fits into the slot 170. As shown in FIG. 14A, a bolt 175 b connects the plate 175 to the corner block J l above it. A specially shaped clamping nut 175c, and a clamping bolt 175 d that best from F i g. 14 A can be seen, are also part of the arrangement. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 14 A, the specially designed clamping nut 175 c is pulled against a shoulder of the table by means of the clamping bolt 175 d in order to hold the corner block J 1 in its position set on the table.

Means are attached to the corner blocks with which a group of cam disks of the mechanism are to be shifted on the corner blocks. The cam actuator assembly is best shown in FIGS. 14, 16 and 17 can be seen. A transversely outwardly extending finger 175 e located in the corner block, and that on the corner block J1 in F i g. 14 and at the corner block J in FIG. 16 and 17. An annular recess 175f is located in a hub of a cam disk 196a. The function of the cam disc will now be explained. The annular recess receives the finger 175e , which can move and adjust the cam disk. One of the group of cams associated with each corner block (some of these cams have not been described in detail) includes cam 176a which operates the outer top seam U2. A cam 196a, an outer actuated to be described impact plate, a cam 226a, an outer actuated to be described sealing mechanism, and a cam plate 251 a, which actuates a lifting of a finished paperboard lid to be described hoist, also belong to this group. Each of the group consisting of four cam disks sits on the camshafts K and K 1, possibly wedged with wedges 175g (FIGS. 9 A and 14). The cams of each group are held together to move at the same time by a longitudinal bolt 175h which extends through all of the cams. The bolt is shown in FIGS. 9 A and 14 shown in section. Its length appears in FIG. 16 in dashed lines.

Structure and mode of operation of the lifting and lowering mechanism the outer, transversely extending upper folding rail are the same, as before in connection with the mode of operation of the corresponding inner rabbet rail U1 explained. The reference numerals for the mechanism of the inner seam rail are therefore the same as for the outer folding rail, but with an a added. The cam disk 176a, which actuates the outer transverse rabbet rail U2, is shown in FIG. 16 to 18 shown. The bell crank 167a operated by the cam plate 176a is is shown in FIGS. 9 A and 14 shown broken off, but appears full in Fig. 18th

Thermoplastic material is used for the cardboard lids, such as If this is to be done according to the present example, such a material can be used Get stretched and wrinkled when trying to make two bends or folds to undertake to him at the same time. This material must therefore be handled carefully will. For this reason the temporal sequence of the activity of the inner and outer upper folding rails chosen such that a folding rail is somewhat timed performs the folding work in front of the other folding rail. Used with the first cross fold If the material is pulled or bent a little, this creates the second transverse fold not bothered. The folding rail, which first descends on the material, remains down while the other folding rail is lowered onto the material to start the folding process to end. As a result, the carton blank is pushed through the second folding process first folding process held exactly in place. In the machine according to the embodiment First the outer transverse fold rail U2 lowers and does its folding work, before the inner rabbet rail lowers. As can be seen from the timing diagram of F i G. 23 recognizable, the loading mechanism does not start with its return stroke, as long as the outer folding rail U 2 has not taken hold of the cardboard blank. Of the The loading mechanism can therefore be lowered to the inner Ouerfalzschiene Release U1 before this cross-fold rail reaches its lowest position. This Lowering and releasing the carton by the driver fingers 110 does not affect the exact position of the carton blank in relation to the cross-fold rails U1 and U2, because the cardboard blank is held in place by the lower outer folding rail U2 that grips the carton blank prior to the key fingers 110 from the carton blank be pulled away.

Guide mechanism for the cardboard blanks on the outer lower folding rail As shown in FIGS. 2, 11, 13 and 13 A, guide means are provided which prevent the cardboard blank from hitting the outer lower folding rail while the cardboard blank is being fed to the second folding station C. As best seen in Figs. 2 and 13A, near the center of the machine is a relatively long finger 179 which extends forward from the nearest lower folding rail D 2 to guide the center of the carton blank that may sag to the final carton blank guide means. At the ends of the lower folding rail D 2, spring fingers 180 are attached to blocks 180 a, which are screwed to the supports 14 a. These fingers ensure that the edge of the cardboard blank does not get stuck on the ridge 163 a of the folding rail D 2 . The spring fingers can be deflected from the upper folding rail and therefore do not interfere with the folding process. If relatively wide cardboard blanks are used, additional adjustable guide means can be used in the central area of the machine. The block 179a, which actuates the relatively long spring fingers 179, has a recess into which a transverse rod 182 is fitted and held there. A suitable number of C-brackets 183 sit adjustably on the crossbar 182. They carry resilient guide fingers 184, which are additionally used to ensure that the leading edge of the cardboard blank does not catch on the ridge 163a of the folding rail before it slides over the folding rail. The C-brackets can be held in place with mounting screws 185. They can also be taken away when not needed. In Fig. 11, three C-brackets 183 are shown with their springs 184 in place. Inner wrapping plate The longitudinally extending lower folding rails D must be at a distance from the lower transverse folding rail D 1 at the second folding station so that the rear flap 12 of the cardboard blank L 2 does not when it is folded down over the inner lower transverse folding rail D 1 is disturbed. In order to bridge the gap between the folding rails D and D 1 during loading, inner movable wrapping plates are provided which can be retracted to reveal the rear flap 12 when it is folded. These tuck-in panels also have the purpose of preventing the flaps 11, which have been folded in front, from being bent inwards. Furthermore, they press the associated transverse flaps 12 of the cardboard blank against the support pieces 14 during the welding process. The arrangement of the outer wrapping plate also serves as the first guide of the front flap 12 during loading and holds the front flap 12 against the supports 14 a, while the strips 13 are welded to the longitudinal flaps 11. The mechanism for actuating one of the striker plates 186 is shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 8 shown. The impact plate itself is a thin, vertically standing plate which, as best shown in FIG. 4 has an upper edge which is in alignment with the upper edges of the folding rails D and D 1 in the feed position of the plate. The tipping plate is attached to a bracket 187 which is attached to a pivot shaft 188 (Fig. 8). The pivot shaft 188 extends over its associated table T or T 1 and rotates in the flanges of its associated table. At the outer transverse end of the pivot shaft 188 sits a lever arm 189, the counterpart of which in the outer arrangement is clearly shown in FIG. 17 can be seen. From the outer end of the lever arm 189 (FIG. 8) an adjustable link 191 extends upwards, the upper end of which is articulated on a cam scanning arm 192.

The cam follower arm 192 sits on a post 193 that is attached to a mounting block 194. The support block 194 is in turn attached to the table T. The mechanism of the inner impact plate is the same for both tables T and T 1; therefore it is sufficient to describe one of these mechanisms. The block 194 is held on the table assigned to it by bolts 194a , which are shown in FIG. 8 are shown broken off. These studs are screwed into blocks that form part of the welding mechanism. Near the outer end of the cam follower arm 192 is a roller 195 which has a cam 196 for actuating the mechanism for the striker plate at the appropriate time. A spring arm 197 (FIGS. 4 and 8) is provided to hold the cam follower roller 195 on the cam disk assigned to it. As shown in dashed lines in FIG. 4 and as shown in FIG. 8, the outer surface of each folding rail D has a recess 200 which receives the tuck plate 186 in its retracted position.

The cam disk 196 for the knock-in plate is three-stage. When the lug d of the cam disc lies over the cam follower roller 195 , as can be seen in FIG. 8, the wrapping plate 186 is retracted and releases the flap 12 of the cardboard blank (not shown in FIG. 8) so that the folding rails U 1 and D 1 can do their folding work. If the surface e of the cam disk is above the roller, the impact plate is raised and presses the tab 12 against the support piece 14. The small step f of the cam disk then runs over the roller, and when the cam surface g is above the roller, the Impact plate pulled back a little and gives space for the work process. It remains in this somewhat retracted position and serves as a guide during the loading of the next box blank.

Retractable means are provided for guiding the middle section of the cardboard blank when it runs from the lower longitudinal folding rails D to the inner lower transverse folding rail D 1. As shown in FIGS. 4-8, there is a vertical arm 201 on each inner tuck mechanism which extends upwardly from an extension 201a attached to the inner end of the pivot shaft 188 operating the tuck mechanism. The upper ends of the arms 201 connect transversely to a diverter strip 202 for the carton blank which is in its upper position when the flap panels are in their upper guide position and which is retracted with the flap panels 186 to leave room for the rear flap 12 during To give folding operation. The strip 202 is clamped to the arm 201 by means of a clamp 202a , so that the transverse adjustment of the tables can be made possible.

In order to additionally guide the cardboard blanks and their flaps when the front edges of the cardboard blanks are moved to the lower folding rail D 2 from the lower folding rail D 1, side plates 204 are provided between the transverse ends of these folding rails. These plates appear in FIGS. 2, 4 and 11. The side plates 204 are at a distance from the support pieces 14 and 14a and release lifting levers 256, 256 a, which are shown in FIG. 4 are visible. The side plates sit on posts 205, which are pieces of blocks 205a at a distance from the support, so that there is room for the lever 256. The plates 204 end just before the outer support pieces 14 a. The panels 204 also prevent the longitudinal flaps 11 , which have been folded in front, from bending inward and sticking to the other parts. If the outer folding rails are adjusted to a new width of the box lid, a new group of plates 204 of the appropriate length is installed.

The mode of operation and the timing of the actuation of the inner tipping plates 186 will only be described in more detail once the mode of operation of the welding and ejection mechanism has been explained. Outer folding plate Two outer folding plates 186 a have essentially the same function as the inner folding plates 186. However, they are attached to the outside of the lower folding rail D 2. The outer tuck panels 186a appear in Figures. 4, 9 A and 13. The outer tuck plate assemblies are mounted on corner blocks J and J1 on each side of the machine. The actuation linkage of the plates is such that the plates are pivoted in opposition to the inner plates. The operation and function of the mechanism for actuating the outer plates is, however, functionally the same as that of the inner tipping plates; therefore the corresponding parts are given the same reference numbers, but with the addition a. The main difference, aside from the direction of travel, with respect to the outer impact plates 186a is that the transverse shafts 188a, as best shown in FIG. 9 A can be seen, in the associated corner blocks) and J1 are rotatably mounted so that they move with the corner blocks when adjusting the outer folding rails D 2 and U 2 to adapt to the size of the box cover. Furthermore, the mounting of the springs which press the striker plates against the tabs 12 is somewhat different.

Mechanism for welding on the strips The inner transverse rebate rail D 1 is assigned an inner strip welding and quenching mechanism. A corresponding external mechanism of essentially the same construction, which is arranged on the corner blocks J and J1, cooperates with the outer Ouerfalzschiene. The internal mechanism is shown in FIG. 9, in side view, while the external mechanism in FIGS. 10, 10 A and 16 is shown. Since the construction and operation of the inner and outer welding mechanism are the same, the reference numerals for the inner mechanism are also used for the outer mechanism, with the addition of a. Since the mechanisms are the same, the following description of details only gives the reference numerals of the internal mechanism, although the various figures cited above show the external mechanism and therefore the suffix a is added to the corresponding reference numerals. The inner and outer mechanisms on the same table are mirror-symmetrical to each other. , The mechanism works in two stages. A heat-dissipating retaining member, hereinafter referred to as "retaining member" for short, presses the strips 13 against the tabs 11 on the supports 14 and 14 a. A heated welding head then runs to a heated pad to effect welding of the thermoplastic material of the carton lid that is being erected. F i g. 9 shows the internal mechanism. A bearing block 206 is attached to the components in connection with the one in FIG. 8 described block by means of bolts 194 a, which have also already been described, aasgebolzt. The corresponding outer mechanism bearing block 206a is as shown in FIG. 10, mounted on the corner block J. Its counterpart in the other external arrangement is mounted on the corner block J 1. The bearing block 206 has a recess which receives a shaft 207 which is displaceable in this recess and which carries a welding head 208. A resistance heating element 209 is located in the weld head 208.

The welding head 208 is under spring action. The spring pushes the welding head 208 towards the heated shoe of the pad 14 or 14a to cause the welding head to perform the welding operation. An angle lever 211, which is used to advance the welding head 208, is pivotably mounted on the block 206 by means of a pin 212. One end of the angle lever 211 carries a roller 213 which contacts the end of the shaft 207 of the welding head. The other end of the angle lever 211 is pinned to a T-bar 214 by means of a pin 216. The T-bar is pulled down by a series of helical springs 217, on the one hand, which are connected to the T-bar and, on the other hand, a group of spring posts 218. The spring posts 218 are adjustably mounted in a spring retaining bracket 1219. The T-bar for the outer mechanism is fully shown in FIG. 10 shown. The spring retainer bracket 219 of the inner assembly is shown by means of FIG. 9 means not shown attached directly to the table T and T 1 on each side of the machine. The outer assembly spring retainer brackets 219a are as shown in FIG. 10 and 17, attached to a flange 220 which extends downward from the plate 175, that is to say from the plate 175 described before, which forms part of the support structure for the corner blocks according to FIG. 9 forms. This arrangement of the spring mounting plate 219 a with flange 220, which is assigned to the corner blocks J and J 1, hal the purpose; that the spring retainer plate moves with the corner blocks when the corner blocks are adjusted on their tables.

The forward or welding position of the welding head 208 is determined by a stop bolt 221 which is adjustably mounted in a block 222 which is bolted to the shaft 207 of the welding head. If the welding head is in its forward position, the inner end of the bolt 221 strikes a component 223 which carries upwards from the main bearing block 206 of the welding head arrangement. Additional stop plates 2Z4 and 225 are attached to weld head 208 'and to extension 223 of weld block 206 to limit movement of the weld heads when stud 221 has been removed.

As explained, the welding head is advanced by means of a spring and is mechanically withdrawn against the force of the springs 217. The retraction of this welding head of the inner arrangement is provided by cam disks 226, which sit on shafts K and K1. As previously indicated, cams 226 a are used for. Moving the outer assembly. It should be reiterated that dieNockenscheiben 226 a along the shafts K and K1 are displaceable, together with the other cams associated with the corner blocks J and J. 1 In order to retract each welding head against the force of the springs 217, an angle lever 227 is provided, which contacts the cam disk 226 with a roller. The angle lever is pivotably mounted in a block 206 about the same pivot pin 212 which also carries the angle lever 211, the latter being provided for the resilient advance of the welding head. At the end of the bell crank 227, which is opposite the end bearing the cam follower roller, a finger 228 is provided, which is best shown in FIG. 9 can be seen. The finger contacts a roller 229 attached to the block 222 previously described; which is attached to the shaft 207 of the welding head. The role 229 is shown in FIG. 10 hidden behind the outer arrangement.

The shaft 207 of the welding head is held in place by an upper retaining plate 230 which is bolted into the extension 223 of the main bearing block 206. A lower retaining plate 230b is also provided. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper retaining plate 230 has a lateral recess in which there is a substantially vertical V-shaped guide surface for guiding the finished carton lid when it is lifted from the second folding station. The corresponding plate 230a of the outer assembly is shown in FIG. 10 shown canceled.

The holding member 231 is assigned to the welding head arrangement 208. The holding member is mounted on struts 232 which slide in the bearing block 206. The holding member is held in place by means of springs 233, which are shown in FIG. 9 can be seen, pushed in the direction of the support 14. The forward movement of the holding member is controlled by means of a pin 234 which extends transversely from the upper strut 232. The pin is urged by a spring into contact with an edge 236 of a recess 237: located on the shank 207 of the welding head. Each holding member 231 has a finned heat radiation part 238; Section 238a is best recognizable in FIGS. 10 and 16. As shown in FIG. 10 A, there is a vertical slot 241 a in the holding member, which receives the welding nose 242 a of the welding head 208. In Fig. 9, the holding member 231 is shown partially broken away so that the structure of the internal arrangement can be seen.

Support shoes 243 and 243a are detachably attached to the supports 14 and 14a. According to the exemplary embodiment, the shoes 243 and 243 a are parts of the support pieces assigned to them. F i g. 10 A shows the support shoe 243 a of an external arrangement. F i g. 9 shows the support shoe 243 for the inner support piece 14. The support shoes 243 and 243 a are heated on the resistance heating element 244; the element 244a for the outer arrangement is best shown in FIG. 10A recognizable. The support shoes 243 are beveled at 245a (outer support) so that they help guide the tabs 11 over the supports and thus reduce the contact area of the heated supports with the cardboard lid. The shoes are fastened to the bearing pieces by means of bolts. The bolts 246a for the external arrangement appear clearly in FIG. 10 a. In addition to the main springs 217 which bring the welding head 208 into its forward position, an auxiliary spring 248 is provided which, as shown in FIG. 9, is located between the bearing block 206 and the shaft 207 on the welding head. As a result, an additional operating force for the welding head is obtained.

When the cam disk 226 retracts under the roller on the angle lever 227 , the nose 228 of the angle lever is withdrawn from the roller 229, which is seated on the shaft 207 of the welding head. As a result, the springs described above can bring the welding head to the support. The springs 233 move the member 231 with the welding head. The movement of the organ is made possible by the fact that the surface 236 of the recess 237 in the shaft of the welding head is advanced. As the surface 236 moves forward, the pin 234 follows the retainer and this moves with the shaft of the weld head. This process continues until the holding member touches the cardboard blank and presses the strips 13 and the flap 11 against the support 14, whereby the cardboard blank is then held in place for the welding process. If the holding member has touched the cardboard blank, the welding head 208 has not yet reached the cardboard blank. However, it continues its forward movement under the force of the springs 217 until the welding nose 242 of the welding head presses the cardboard blank with sufficient force so that the welding process can be carried out. It does not matter whether the strips 13 are above or below the tabs 11. The machine can fold cardboard blanks in one way or another. Either way is satisfactory. The nose of the welding head cannot penetrate the material of the strips or the flap of the cardboard lid if the stop bolt 221, which abuts the surface 223, is correctly adjusted. This stop bolt 221, which is located in the bearing block for the welding head, also defines exactly the correct welding time.

If the work cycle is correct, first the welding head and then the holding element are mechanically withdrawn from the workpiece. When the raised portion of the cam 226 moves past the roller on the angle lever 227 , the finger 228 on the angle lever urges the roller 229 to the left, as are these parts in FIG. 9 and the weld head 208 is retracted against the force of springs 217 and 248. The surface part 236 of the recess 237, which is located in the shaft of the welding head, then immediately presses against the pin 234, which protrudes laterally from the rod 232 on the holding member. Once this has happened, a further retraction of the welding head by the cam disk 226 causes the holding member to be retracted. The holding member then releases the finished cardboard lid so that it can be removed from the second facstation. The ejection mechanism As previously in connection with the schematic Fig. 1, the ejection mechanism has two functions that it performs separately. The mechanism first lifts a finished cardboard lid over the lower folding rails of the second folding station C and then transports the finished cardboard lid from the side of the machine to the unloading station G. The mechanism that lifts the cardboard blanks is first described.

In fact, four individual lifting mechanisms are provided in the machine, as are four welding heads. These mechanisms perform the same function. The inner units are mounted on tables 2 'and T1, the outer units on corner blocks J and f l. Since the outer units are the same as the inner units, their elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in the following description. The suffix a is appended to the reference symbols of the elements of the external units. The cam disks for actuating the inner units are designated with 251, the cam disks for actuation of the outer units with 251 a. The outer cams are clear from FIGS. 11, 16 and 17 can be seen. The inner cams 251 appear on a reduced scale in FIG. 2. The cam disks 251 a each form part of a group of cam disks which slide on their associated camshafts K and K 1 when adjusting the corner blocks) or J1.

In order to indicate a completed carton lid from the second folding station, four lifting mechanism angle levers are provided which are actuated by the inner and outer cams 251 and 251a. Further, an inner bell crank 252 and an outer bell crank 252a are provided on each table for this purpose. Inner bell crank 252a is pivotally mounted on block 194 (Fig. 9) on the same pivot shaft 193 that supports cam follower arm 192 (Fig. 8) for the inner tuck mechanism. The inner lift angle lever 252 also appears in FIG. 9, but is shown broken off in this figure. The outer Hubwinkelhebel252a are mounted on separate pivot pins 253 a, the corner blocks from the J and J 1 protrude (F i g. 11 and 17). The cam follower rollers 254 and 254a are attached to the arms of the angle levers 252 and 252a and touch the cam disks 251 and 251a assigned to them . This is best seen in FIGS. 16 and 17 for the outer arrangements. Lifting arms 256 and 256 a extend laterally inward from the pivot pin 193 for the inner lifting angle lever 252 and from the pivot pin 253 a for the outer lifting angle lever 252 a. The arms 256 a for the outer stroke 'ano: rdnung are clear in FIG. 11 recognizable; as from Fig. 11 A, the lifting arms 256 a are just inside the supports 14 a. The arm 256a is shown in FIG. 11 A shown broken. As shown in FIG. 4, the inner lifting arms 256 are also just inside the supports 14 assigned to them.

If the welding mechanism, which was described above, is withdrawn from a finished cardboard lid L 2 in the area of the second folding station C, the lifting arms 256 and 256 a, which have just been described, are raised by the cam disks 251 and 251 a , whereby the inner ends the lifting arms are raised and a finished cardboard lid L2 is lifted out over the lower folding rails D 2 and D 1 . Once this has happened, the ejection mechanism, which transports the carton blank to the side, is actuated. This mechanism brings the box lid L 2 to the side of the machine to the unloading station. Soon after the ejection mechanism has taken over the finished carton lid, the lifting arms can fall down again due to their own weight. The transverse transport mechanism The mechanism appears in plan view, but on a reduced scale in FIG. 12 and a side view on a larger scale in FIG. 11. Details are from FIGS. 11 A and 11 B can be seen. A first bracket for the transverse transport mechanism is the stand 61, which is described in connection with FIG. 3 was discussed. The stand is mounted on a corner block J by means of spacer blocks 262 and bolts 263. The spacer blocks 262 appear clearly in FIG. 16. The upright stand 61 is shown broken off there. However, the blocks appear in supervision. A U-beam 264, which extends transversely to the machine, forms a main beam for counterbalancing the machine. This U-beam is fastened to blocks 265 with bolts 264a , which in turn are fastened to the stand 61 by bolts 265a (FIG. 11A).

To support the other parts of the mechanism from the U-beam 264, thin blocks 266 are bolted to each end of the U-beam 264 and extend forwardly from the ends of the U-beam 264. Further, a transversely extending rail 267 is attached to the lower end of each block 266 by means of bolts 267a , as shown in FIG. 11 can be seen. A walking block 268 runs along the track 267. This block consists of two halves that are bolted together with bolts 269 (Fig. 11). A conveyor leg 271 is located in the walking block 268 and is vertically displaceable. A support foot 272 is attached to the lower end of the conveyor leg. This foot supports the rear end of a finished cardboard lid in the area of the outer transverse folding rail D 2 at the beginning of the ejection cycle. A piece of wire 273, which is attached to the conveyor leg 271 and has a foot 274 which is bent up from the lower end of the piece of wire, serves to support the same end of the cardboard lid in the region of the transverse folding rail D 1. The piece of wire 273 can be adjusted horizontally in the leg 271 so that it can also be adapted to the width of the cardboard cover. To control the vertical movement of the displaceable leg 271, a cam rod 276 is provided, which lies above the rail 267. As best seen in Fig. 11, the ends of the cam rod 276 are slotted at 277. The bolts 278 pass through the slots and screw into the narrow end blocks 266 that extend outwardly from the U-beam. This bracket for the cam rod 276 appears in plan view in FIG. 11 B. There the main part of the cam rod 276 is shown broken away. As shown in FIG. 11, the cam rod 276 has a lower cam surface 282 and an upper cam surface 282. The upper cam surface 282 extends for most of the effective length of the cam rod. A roller 283 is attached to the upper end of the conveyor leg 271. It is pressed against one of the cams by means of a spring 284, which lies between a spring post on the leg 271 and a spring post on the walking block 268.

For the back and forth movement of the killer leg 271 , means are provided with which a finished cardboard lid is to be moved out of the apparatus and with which the leg is returned to a receiving position for the cardboard lid. A sprocket 286 is keyed on the shaft 60. As previously in connection with FIG. 3 and as shown in FIG. 11, the shaft 60 is driven by the camshaft K through & n sprocket 58, a chain 57 and a sprocket 56 on the camshaft. Around the sprocket 286, as best shown in FIG. 11, a substantially horizontally extending chain 287 is looped, the other end of which runs around an idle chain wheel 288 which is mounted on a power take-off shaft 288a. This power take-off shaft 288a is attached to the U-beam 264 by means not shown. At one end of the walking block 268 is about a. Pin 29'1. (11 b) an essentially horizontally extending link 289 is articulated. As best seen in Fig. 11, the other end of the link 289 is hinged to the chain 287 with a pin 292. The pen also appears in dashed lines in FIG. 11 A.

Used to guide the top of a box that is ejected from the machine funds are also foreseen; extend parallel to the U-beam 264 two wires 296. These wires are on crossbars 297 next to each end of the U-beam attached. The cross bars 297 are screwed to vertically slidable legs 298, which are stored in blocks 299 and by means of a knurled screw 300, as from F i g. 11 B can be seen in their setting position. The wires 296 are next one end of each wire below by a spring portion 301 Tension held. The vertical position of wires 296 is set to the box lid depth set.

In Fig. 11 shows a finished cardboard lid L 2 which is supported by the lifting arms 256 a. The conveyor leg 271 is at the end of the box lid. Leg 271 and feet 272 and 274 are in their lowered position. With further rotation of the camshaft K, however, the lower tram of the chain 287 moves to the right or in the direction of the arrow b, as in FIG. 11 can be seen. This creates a unitary movement with leg 271. The leg is moved to the right by handlebar 289 and walking block 268, and at the same time roller 283 at the top of the leg moves below lower cam surface 281 over an incline on the upper one Cam surface 282 so that spring 284 lifts leg 271. During this process, the carton is moved along the upper ends of lift arm 276a before the carton leaves the arms. The feet 272 and 274 are then in a position in which they support the lower rear end of the carton lid. The front end of the box lid then slides over the support rails 15, which have already been described.

The lifting arms 256a now fall down freely from the cardboard lid. The leading edges of each carton lid are now supported by the rails 15, and the other end of the carton lid is supported by the leg 271 and advanced. At the end of the leg 271's travel, the roller 283 rides on it from the upper cam surface 282 to the lower cam surface 281, lowering the leg 271 as shown in dashed lines on the right in FIG. 11 shown. The leg then places the cardboard lid completely on the rails 15 and gives it a final transverse push when it has reached its lowered position.

In the in F i g. 11, the dashed position of the leg, the pin 292, which connects the link 289 to the chain 287, has reached the end of its forward movement. The pin 292 on the chain now begins to run along the upper run of the chain in order to withdraw the leg 271 from its advanced position. At the end of the return stroke, the pin 292 has moved a quarter of the sprocket 286. The leg 271 is then in a position slightly to the left of the position shown in solid lines in FIG. With further rotation of the chain wheel 286, the pin 252, which connects the link 289 to the chain 287, only runs around the other quarter of the chain wheel 286 and brings the leg 271 into the position indicated by the solid lines in FIG. 11 is shown. Before the leg 271 again shows the full lines in the FIG. 11 has reached the position shown on the left, a new cardboard lid has been raised to a position in which it lies in front of the leg 271 and is ready to be picked up by the leg. Stops for the cardboard blanks For the front edge of the end walls 11 of the cardboard blanks, stops are provided in the area of the first folding station D. These stops are in the form of small blocks 304 (FIGS. 2 and 6) which are slidably mounted on narrow flanges 72 of the side guides 68 and are to be retained by means of knurled screws 305 (FIG. 6). The thumbscrews deform the blocks so that they grip the side guides. These stops prevent the driver fingers 109 from advancing too far. If the cardboard lids are narrow, ie if a cardboard lid in the machine has only short longitudinal dimensions, the stops also align the cardboard blanks if the side guides 68 have not yet done this precisely. There are also stops on the rear of the machine for the front edge of the front side panel tab 12. These attacks appear in FIGS. 2 and 13 and are designed to be readily adjustable to the width of the front side panel flap 12. These stops release the path of their own accord when the movable upper folding rail U2 lowers to bend a cardboard lid which has narrow side tabs. These adjustable stops are shown at S in FIGS. 2 and 13 indicated. One of these stops is attached to the stand 61 previously described as the support for the ejection mechanism. The other stop S is seated on a similar stand 61 a, which is also shown in FIG. 2 is shown. This stand differs from the stand 61 only in that it is shorter and has no support function for the ejection mechanism. The stops S are attached to the uprights 61 and 61 a by means of blocks 306. The stand 61 is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1.3 shown. Bolts 307 hold the blocks 306 in their associated stands. A carrier 308 is movably supported in each block 306. The carrier 308 has a lower rod 309 which is slidable in the block 306. In addition, there is a rotatable adjusting screw 311 in the carrier, which is also displaceable in the block 306. A quick release nut 312 is slidably mounted in the block 306 and is pressed against the adjusting screw 311 by means of a spring 313. For quick adjustment of the stop, the quick release nut is raised by means of a button 314 so that the carrier can be adjusted quickly. Fine adjustment is made after releasing button 314 by turning set screw 311. The stop plate for the cardboard blank is indicated at 316. It is mounted in the carrier 308 so as to be vertically displaceable. A plunger 317 is attached to the lower end of the stop plate 316. The upper end of the plunger 317 has a rounded nose 319 which is urged upwards against the lower surface of a cam disk 320 which is attached to the lever arm 158 a of the outer upper folding rail U 2. In the in F i g. 13 the position of the parts shown, the stop plate 316 protrudes slightly beyond the outer wrapping plate 186 a, so that the wrapping plate leads the flap 12 of the cardboard blank to the stop plate 316. The plate prevents the cardboard blank from passing through as it is being advanced. The folding rod 159a and the stop plate 316 do not interfere in the illustrated position of the parts. The stop plate 316 also releases the cam disk 320 in the transverse direction; however, the stop plate 316 is moved to the left as shown in FIG. 13 can be seen to accommodate the lateral cover flap 12 of a cardboard blank, if the cam disk 320 were not present, the outer folding rod 159 a and the stop plate 316 would abut each other when the folding rod was lowered to the lower folding rail D2. Before this can occur, however, the cam surface of the cam disk 320 touches the plunger and presses the stop plate 316 downwards, so that space is created for the lowering outer folding rod 159 a .

To facilitate the adjustment of the stop plate, a scale 321 is attached to the carrier 308 and a pointer 322 to the block 306. The scale is calibrated in the widths of the front side panel tabs 12 , ie in the depths of the finished cardboard lid to be produced.

Folding Rail Details As previously discussed, the machine of the present invention has groups of folding rails with which cartons, carton lids, and the like, made of thermoplastic material such as cellulose acetate, etc., can be molded. In particular, these cardboard boxes etc. can have grooved edges. In the F i g. 19 and 20 show some details of the lower longitudinal folding rails D and the upper movable longitudinal folding rail, NEN U. These rails D, U belong to the first folding station. As already discussed, the folding bar 149 on each movable upper folding rail U has a recess 151 which cooperates with a ridge 152 on the upper edge of the lower longitudinal folding rail D in order to both bend the carton blank and to produce a crease in the bending edge. As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the folding members, the longitudinally extending front wall tabs 11 of the cardboard blank L 1, bend downward. Once this has happened, the cardboard blank L 1 is pushed in the longitudinal direction of the machine to the second folding station; the downwardly bent tabs 11 must leave space for the inner impact plates and the shoes 243 and 243 a of the supports 14 and 14 a. Although the end walls 11 are folded by exactly 90 ° in the first folding station, for this reason the downwardly bent end wall tabs do not come into an exactly vertical position. From the F i g. 19 and 20 it can be seen that the ridge 152 of the lower folding rail D has an outer surface 326 which is offset inwardly from the outer surface 327 of the folding rail body. Although the creasing 328 of the cardboard blank L 1 (FIG. 20) is precisely shaped and forms a 90 ° corner, with this construction the end wall tabs 11 on each folding rail arrangement cannot assume an exactly vertical position. Rather, they extend at an angle to the cover panel 10 that is slightly greater than 90 °. This ensures that the tabs 11 are not held or get stuck while the carton blank is being conveyed from the first folding station to the second folding station. This also prevents the heated lower folding rails D from affecting the plastic material. Before welding begins, the holding members urge the tabs 11 against the supports.

The F i g. 21 and 22 each show a group of folding rails that do not form grooved edges, but the usual smooth edges. For this reason, the folding rail 149 'of the modified horizontal folding rail arrangement U' has no recess 151 , but a lip or shoulder 151 '. This lip or shoulder cooperates with the ridge 152 on the lower folding rail D so that the tab 11, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 shown, is bent downwards.

Since there is no horizontal discharge of the folded cardboard blank from the second folding station C, and there are no difficulties in this respect, the folding rail construction of the inner and outer lower folding rails D 1 and D 2 is somewhat different there. The side wall tabs 12 are folded down in the second folding station against the supports 14 and 14 a. From the in the F i g. 11 A and 13 A shown folding rail construction D 2 it can be seen that the ridge 163 a of the lower folding rails is offset somewhat to the side of the main surface m of the lower folding rail D 2. As a result, the side flaps 12, which are not shown in these figures, are brought into an essentially vertical position by the folding. After the heated upper folding rail U2 has been withdrawn, the side wall tabs 12 remain in the vertical position, so that the strips 13 are in the correct position for welding to the tabs. While the edge is being welded, the tipping plates hold the tabs 12 against the supports. The construction of the inner folding rail D 1 is the same, so that the same result is obtained. Summary of the mode of operation The working steps that are carried out at the various stations, the mechanism of these stations and the mode of operation of the various mechanisms themselves have so far been described in detail in each case, so that from the preceding description, the entire mode of operation of the machine according to the invention can be seen. However, not all work steps have been considered coherently in their sequence. The following summary of the mode of operation of the machine according to the invention is limited to general information without referring to the mechanical details of the different operating elements of the unit or to the mechanisms at the various stations.

In the description that follows, the sequence of the working steps will be explained tracked on a single cardboard blank running through the machine. Based of the timing diagram of FIG. 23 shows the relationship between the individual work steps discussed. The timing of the work of any of the individual units with the work of any other unit is done in such a way that the diagram of the F i g. 23 can provide the requested information directly. In this diagram are the positions of all units related to the angular positions of the camshafts.

The operator places a cut and striped cardboard blank L in the alignment station A in the machine so that the end wall tabs 11 rest on the side guides 68 (FIG. 1) and that the rear side wall tabs can be gripped by catches 109 of the conveyor carriage 91. If the carton blank is at this point in the alignment station, then the carriages 91, which were briefly at a standstill in their upper retracted position, begin to run forward, and the driver fingers 109 are raised behind the carton blank L. The driver fingers 109 then move the carton blank from the alignment station A via the side guides and the extension of the lower folding rails to the first folding station B. The stroke of the feed mechanism is constant. Since the length of the lower folding rails of the first folding station is greater than the maximum width of the carton blanks that are processed by the machine, the position of the carton blank in the first folding station is not essential. When the carton blank has reached the first folding station, the lifter allows the Take away that the conveyor slides 91 can move downwards. Shortly thereafter, the upper longitudinal folding rails U of the first folding station begin to move down to the lower folding rails D. Before the upper folding rails U have reached their lower position, the conveying carriages 91 are fully lowered and have started to return to their starting position. The folding rails U and D in the area of the first folding station finish their folding work shortly after the lower conveying carriages 91 have started their return. The upper folding rails remain in their lower position for some time so that the heating devices in the lower folding rails can heat and deform the material of the cardboard blank and that the flaps 11 are then folded down and the creasing is formed in the edges.

After the conveyor slides 91 have returned to their starting position, the lifting mechanism lifts the conveyor slides and brings them to their upper ones in FIG. 1 position shown back. The cardboard blank L 1 (FIG. 1) has now been shaped in the first folding station B in such a way that its longitudinally extending front wall tabs 11 and the strips 13 are folded downwards against the longitudinally extending lower folding rails D.

The conveyor carriages 91 are now, as described above, moved forward and take the cardboard blank, which is now the one shown in FIG. 1 shown cardboard blank L 1 , with. This cardboard blank L 1 is advanced by the driver 110 at the front ends of the conveyor carriage 91. During this second stroke of the conveyor mechanism, the carton blank L 1 slides over the lower folding rails D, over the inner folding plates, over the supports 14, over the side plates 204, which lie between the supports 14 and 14a, over the outer lower folding rails D 2 and over the outer impact plates against the end stops S. The position of the conveyor slides is adjusted such that the fingers 110 stop just before the inner lower folding rails D 1 , at a distance equal to the width of the side wall tabs 12. At the end of the conveying process by which the carton blank L 1 was brought from the first to the second folding station, the outer and then the inner upper folding rail U2 and U1 begin their downward movement. First, the outer and then the inner tuck panel is withdrawn to allow room for the side panel flaps 12 to fold. Shortly after the end of the forward conveying stroke, the outer transverse fold rail U2 reaches its folded position over the lower fold rail D 2 and bends the outer side wall tabs 12 downwards, as previously described. If the outer side wall tabs 12 are folded down, the lifting mechanism begins to lower the conveyor slides for taking along. As a result, the cardboard blank is not disturbed, as it is held in place by the outer folding rails U2 and D2 . Since the cardboard blank is only held in place by the outer folding rails, the material can freely expand or contract if it has stretched or warped during the folding, flanging and forming process. The cardboard blank as such is neither stretched nor impaired in any other way.

After the front driver fingers 110 have released the carton blank the inner upper folding rail U 1 will be in its folded position on the lower one Folding rail D 1 is lowered and folds the inner side wall tabs 12 downwards. Self if the cardboard blank from the outer folding rails during the work of the inner folding rails is detected, only one fold and crease at the same time made. The material of the cardboard blank is therefore only minimal, if at all stretched or impaired. The inner and outer impact plates, which during of the conveying step were in a position in which they guided the carton blank, have now been fully retracted to the side panel flaps 12 on either side of the box lid to release during the folding process.

With this time sequence in which the outer and inner transverse folding rails U1 and U2 are activated, any pulling or other impairment of the material during the folding processes is not a problem. Also lift the conveyor carriage; when they retreat, do not apply to the carton blank, since the carton blank is held in place by the outer folding rails U2 and D2 before the conveyor carriage returns. The inner and outer upper folding rails U 1 and U 2 remain in their lower position while the folding plates are in turn moved forward to their assigned supports into their full pre-set position, in which they press against the side wall tabs 12 and hold them in place during welding. The folding rails UI and U2 remain down long enough for the heating devices in the folding bars to plastic material can soften, so that a clean, permanent edge is created.

As the tipping plates move to their full advancing or tucking positions, the outer and inner welding mechanisms also become; moved forward on the supports assigned to them. Shortly after the outer wrapping plate has reached its wrapping position on the carton blank, the outer quenching elements reach their advance position and press the strips 13 and the end wall tabs 11 together against the associated heated shoes on the outer supports 14a. The outer welding heads, which moved with the outer holding members, continue their forward movement until the heated welding nose of each welding head presses the material of the cardboard blank against the heated shoes and welds the lasts to the face flaps. At this point it should be pointed out that the invention not only has welding in the actual sense in mind, but also gluing with a resinous adhesive.

The inner welding mechanism works the same as the outer one, however somewhat delayed compared to the outer welding units. Both units record the carton blank over the same period of time. The inner and outer Wrapping plates remain in their wrapping position on the carton blank, and the upper transverse fold rails U1 and U2 both remain in their lower position during the heating and pressure bonding or welding process described take place. While in the second folding station the inner and outer upper folding rails are still in theirs lower position and when enough time has passed to the strips 13 to the To weld or glue on the front wall tabs 11 and to form the edge grooves, the outer weld heads begin to retreat. The retaining organs remain temporarily in their position on the now completed cardboard lid, see above that the outer weld heads can be withdrawn without the welds to affect. Shortly after the outer weld head released the workpiece has, the holding member runs back automatically, namely because of the recess-pin construction, which brings the holding element under the control of the welding head, as in all of them before Details are described in the discussion of the welding mechanism. The inner ones Holding elements and welding heads work in the same cycle, but with the exception that their return movement is somewhat later than that of the corresponding external mechanisms begins.

Are the inner and outer welding heads and holding elements sufficient? has been withdrawn to reveal the completed box lid the impact plates pulled back a little to reveal the cardboard lid as well. This happens when the small step f of the cam disk controlling the impact plates 196 passes over the cam follower roller as previously described. The impact plates remain in their half-advanced position and serve as guides for the next cardboard blank. After the impact plates have been pulled back a little, the upper folding rails are used to release the workpiece as described above U1 and U2 raised, and the lifting arms of the lifting mechanism for the carton blank are also lifted by their cam mechanism, taking the completed Bring the cardboard lid L 2 (Figs. 1 and 11) into its raised position.

When the lifting arms put the finished cardboard lid L 2 in its upper position lift, the conveyor leg of the ejection mechanism moves forward to the rear End of the finished box. Are the lifting devices fully raised and has that If the ejector leg reaches the box, the ejector leg pushes the box forwards and begins to lift. The ejector leg reaches its uppermost position before the lift arm moves down again. The ejector leg now supports the end of the finished box and moves it in a cross direction to the machine. That the other end of the carton is supported by the guide rails 15. The ejector leg moves to its lower position before it reaches its forward unloading position Has. However, before the ejector leg has reached its lowest position, the Carton fully supported by the guide rails 15 of the unloading station G: So that the work cycle involved in a carton blank as it moves through the machine moved, .executed, ended. The timing diagram of FIG. 23 shows the Relationships between the work processes at the individual stations. Normally Two cardboard blanks run through the machine at a time and are essentially folded at the same time. The various overlaps of the operations in the various stations are best taken directly from the time sequence diagram of the Fig. 23 can be seen.

Overview of the setting of the machine to the respective box sizes The setting is described for boxes whose longitudinal dimensions extend in the transverse direction of the machine so that the front side of the box extends in the longitudinal direction and is supported by lugs 11 extending in the longitudinal direction (FIG. 1 ) and so that the sides of the carton extend in the cross machine direction and are formed by side panel flaps 12 extending in the cross direction. Now the various main setting procedures are put together to the size of the box lid. Cardboard lid length Adjustment of the transverse distance between the tables T and T 1 and the folding rails D and U assigned to them. It is carried out by loosening the clamps 154 in FIG. 11 and turning the handwheels 25 f in Fi g. 2.

Cut the lower folding rails D and D 1 to the desired length from strip material.

Loosen the adjusting screws 160 and 160 a, so that the angle lever of the upper transverse folding rails U 1 and U2 along the respective folding bars (Fig. 7 and 18) can be moved.

Loosen the clamping screws 202a to secure the deflector strip 202 to the post 201 (Fig. 8). Replace the strip 202 if it is too long or too short. Cardboard lid width Adjustment of the longitudinal distance of the outer folding rail D 2 from the inner folding rail D 1. This is done by moving the corner blocks 3 and J 1 with the handwheel 25 d, F i g.2.

Replacement of the plates 204 '(F7 i g. 4).

Adjustment of the wire retaining foot 274 (Fig. 11 A) on the unloading leg 271. Width of the front wall tabs 11 (box depth) Adjustment of the transverse distance between the side guide 68 and the lower folding rails D. This is done by turning the thumb wheel 83. on the side guides 15. Adjustment of the width of the side wall tabs 12 (box depth) Adjustment of the foremost position of the driving shoes 101 in relation to the inner cross-fold rail D. This is done by adjusting the knurled screw 108 on the conveyor pivot (Fig: 4). Width of the front side wall flap 12 (box depth) Adjustment of the end stops S on the outer transverse fold rails (FIG. 13).

Adjustment to box depth in the unloading station Adjustment of the distance between the wires 296 above the unloading rails 15. This is done through the Adjustment of the legs 298 holding the wires (Fig. 11).

Claims (24)

Claims: 1. Machine for producing box lower or upper parts from blanks of cardboard, plastic or the like, with intermittent devices for conveying the blanks, folding the side walls at least twice in pairs and connecting the side walls at their corners and with a device for Discharge of the finished boxes, characterized by two folding stations (B, C) arranged one behind the other in a plane, each of which has fixed and movable folding strips (D; Dl, D2 or U; U1, U2) by a double-acting conveyor slide (F) for simultaneous loading of both stations and by means of a device for removing the boxes connected at their corners in the second station as well as for depositing and discharging the boxes to the side, the individual devices being driven so that at least one blank can be processed in each case, and in this way to two adjustable at a distance from each other to drive b in particular the movable rabbet strips (U, U1, U2) with camshafts - (K, K1) provided - tables (T, TI) are arranged so that the rabbet strips arranged on and between the tables can be adjusted to different cut formats, including in the area of the outer folding strips (Dz, Uz) of the second folding station (C) adjacent table ends in the table longitudinal direction adjustable corner blocks (J, J1) are provided for holding the tools. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized by the camshafts (K, K1) driving gears (51, 52) which are on the tables (T, T1) at their rear ends, and by a transverse shaft to be driven (49) for common drive the gearbox. 3. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by actuators (108) for adjusting the longitudinal position of the conveyor slide (F) relative to the inner transverse fold strips (Dl, UI). 4. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by actuators (25e, 25f) for adjusting the transverse distance of the tables (T, T1). 5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the inner transverse fold strips (Dl, U1) in a fixed position with respect to the Longitudinal direction of the tables (T, T1) are arranged. 6. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by actuators (25 d) for adjusting the outer transverse rebate strips (D2, U2) in the longitudinal direction of the tables (T ,, TI). 7. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a smallpox-controlled drive (38) for the reciprocating movement of the conveyor slide (F) in the longitudinal direction of the machine over a fixed conveyor stroke. B. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by welding or gluing heads (208, 208 a) which can be moved back and forth in the transverse direction next to the transverse rebate strips (Dl, D. "Uh U2). 9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the second folding station (C) has two fixed on the tables (T, T1) and two with the corner blocks (J, J1) adjustable support pieces (14 or 14a) , which as Supports the transverse rebate strips (Di, D2, UI, U2) and al§ abutments, against which corner strips (13) of the box when connecting its side walls (11, 12) by the welding or adhesive heads (208, 208a) by means of impact plates (186 ; 186 a) are pressed, both devices being arranged in the same way as hoists (256, 256a) fixed (186, 208, 256) and adjustable (186a, 208a, 256a) . 10. Machine according to claim 8, characterized by actuating elements (234) which bring cooling or quenching elements (231, 231 a) assigned to the welding or adhesive heads (208, 208a) to the blanks before they are removed from the welding or adhesive heads ( 208) and which they target back from the blanks after the welding or adhesive heads are withdrawn from the blanks. 11. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the impact plates (186, 186 a) can be transferred in the longitudinal direction of the machine and perpendicular thereto and the corner strips (13) against the support pieces (14, 14 a) during the work of the welding or Press glue heads (208, 208 a) and the cooling or quenching elements (231, 231 a) and by actuating elements (187, 187a) to retract the wrapping panels while the upper transverse rebate strips (U1, U2) are working. 12. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the in - longitudinal direction of the tables adjustable corner blocks (J, J1) except for the rear transverse rebate strips (D2, U2), the outer welding or adhesive heads (208 a) and the associated cooling or Wear deterrents (231 a) and the outer impact plates (186a) . 13. Machine according to claim 9, characterized by power transmission members (188, 189, 191, 192, 196) for actuating the impact plates (186) by means of the camshafts (K) and for retracting the insert plates, such that they the side walls (12) to be folded away release the box when- the transverse rebate strips (U1, U2) are working. 14. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the lifting mechanism (256, 256 a) and an ejector (27l ) - are mounted on the corner blocks (J, J1). 15. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on each of the camshafts (K, K1) a group of cam disks (141, 176) fixed and a further group (176 a) of cam disks together with the corner blocks (J, J1 ) are slidably seated that power transmission members (138, 167) are provided between the groups of fixed cam disks, the upper longitudinal rabbet strips (U) and the inner upper transverse fold rail (U1) and that power transmission members (167 a) between the slidable cam disks (176 a) and the outer upper transverse fold rail (U2) are arranged. 16. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the conveyor slide (F) has drivers (110) with which it grabs the blanks and conveys them from station to station, and that a rod (126, 129, 132), which is actuated by the camshafts (K, K1), the delivery slide raises its forward stroke and lowers its return stroke. 17. Machine after one of the preceding claims, characterized by guides (68 to 71) for the longitudinal edges the blanks in an alignment station and by actuators (83) for adjustment the transverse spacing of the guides in relation to the lower longitudinal rebate strips (D). 18th Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower longitudinal folding rails (D) up to a distance from the second folding station (C) extend which is slightly larger than the height of the side walls (11, 12) of the Box. 19. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by stops (S) for the blanks and actuators (311) to adjust the longitudinal distance of the Stops from the outer lower transverse rebate strip. 20. Machine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the inner lower transverse rebate strip (D1) has a releasably connected to her fold strips (202) carries. 21. Machine after one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower rebate strips (D, U) have vertical outer boundary surfaces (327) and burrs forming a flange (152), which are offset inwardly with respect to the vertical outer boundary surfaces are. 22. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that at least one inner and one outer transverse rebate strip are interchangeable. 23. Machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by heating devices (209, 209a, 244, 244 a) in the welding or adhesive heads (208, 208 a) and / or in the support pieces (14, 14 a). 24. Machine according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the conveyor, the upper longitudinal folding rail, the upper cross fold rail, the hoist and the ejection mechanism synchronously in such a way work that always one blank, but preferably several blanks at the same time, processed in the machine. References Considered: U.S. Patents No. 2 600 954, 2 556 605.