DE1177225B - Accumulator sealed gas and liquid tight - Google Patents

Accumulator sealed gas and liquid tight

Info

Publication number
DE1177225B
DE1177225B DEO8278A DEO0008278A DE1177225B DE 1177225 B DE1177225 B DE 1177225B DE O8278 A DEO8278 A DE O8278A DE O0008278 A DEO0008278 A DE O0008278A DE 1177225 B DE1177225 B DE 1177225B
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
silver
oxide
electrode
accumulator
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEO8278A
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German (de)
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DEO8278A priority Critical patent/DE1177225B/en
Publication of DE1177225B publication Critical patent/DE1177225B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34Gastight accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

Gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossener Akkumulator Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ständig gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossenen alkalischen Akkumulators mit positiver Silberelektrode und negativer Elektrode, die wesentlich größer als die positive Elektrode gehalten ist.Accumulator sealed gas- and liquid-tight The invention relates to a method for producing a permanently gas- and liquid-tight sealed alkaline accumulator with positive silver electrode and negative one Electrode that is held much larger than the positive electrode.

Bekannt sind Akkumulatorensysteme, bei welchen Silber oder Silberoxyd als aktive Masse für die positive Elektrode verwendet wird.Accumulator systems are known in which silver or silver oxide is used as the active mass for the positive electrode.

Die negative Elektrode kann dabei beispielsweise aus Zink, Cadmium, Blei, Eisen usw. bestehen. Wegen der hohen Ausnutzbarkeit des Silberoxyds lassen sich verhältnismäßig große Energiemengen auf kleinem Raum speichern.The negative electrode can be made of zinc, cadmium, Are made of lead, iron, etc. Because of the high utilizability of the silver oxide, leave it store relatively large amounts of energy in a small space.

Nachteilig bei derartigen Akkumulatoren wirkt sich sowohl bei der Ladung als auch bei der Entladung eine Eigenart des Silberoxyds aus, die eine gleichbleibende Spannungshöhe unmöglich macht.A disadvantage of such accumulators affects both the Charge as well as discharge have a peculiarity of the silver oxide, which is a constant Voltage level makes impossible.

So tritt bei der Ladung eines Akkumulators, dessen positives Elektrodenmaterial aus Silberoxyd besteht, eine Potentialstufe von etwa +250 bis 350 mV auf, wenn das vorhandene Silber vollständig in Silberoxyd (A9,0) oxydiert ist und durch weitere Ladung in den Zustand des Silberperoxyds (A9"02) umgewandelt wird. When charging an accumulator whose positive electrode material consists of silver oxide, a potential level of about +250 to 350 mV occurs when the silver present is completely oxidized in silver oxide (A9,0) and, through further charging, changes to the state of silver peroxide ( A9 "02) is converted.

Der umgekehrte Fall tritt ein, wenn bei der Entladung das Silberperoxyd zum Silberoxyd reduziert wird.The opposite occurs when the silver peroxide is discharged is reduced to silver oxide.

Um bei Akkumulatoren mit Silberelektroden die Spannung beim Entladen möglichst konstant zu halten, ist es bekanntgeworden, Silberperoxyd zunächst in Silberoxyd umzuwandeln und zur Stromlieferung dann das Silberoxyd zu verwenden.To reduce the voltage when discharging batteries with silver electrodes To keep it as constant as possible, it has become known to initially use silver peroxide in To convert silver oxide and then to use the silver oxide to deliver electricity.

Nachteilig bei derartigen Akkumulatoren wirkt sich aus, daß sie nicht gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht sind und daß zur Herstellung derartiger Silberelektroden ein erheblicher Aufwand erforderlich ist.A disadvantage of such accumulators is that they do not are gas- and liquid-tight and that for the production of such silver electrodes a considerable effort is required.

Diese Nachteile können, wie nun gefunden wurde, dadurch vermieden werden, daß nur die Oxydationsstufe des Silberperoxyds (A9202) zur Stromlieferung benutzt wird.As has now been found, these disadvantages can thereby be avoided that only the oxidation level of silver peroxide (A9202) is used to supply electricity is used.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses dadurch erreicht, daß man eine positive Elektrode, die das Silber in Form von Silberoxyd enthält, und eine völlig entladene negative Elektrode, die Cadmiumoxyd, Zinkoxyd, Bleioxyd oder Eisenoxyd enthält, in das A kkumulatorgehäuse einsetzt, dieses gasdicht verschließt und dann bis zur vollständigen Umwandlung des Silberoxyds in Silberperoxyd auflädt, so daß beim Entladen des Akkumulators so viel Strom zur Verfügung steht, wie durch die Zurückbildung des Silberperoxyds in Silberoxyd geliefert wird.According to the invention this is achieved in that one has a positive Electrode containing the silver in the form of silver oxide and a completely discharged one negative electrode containing cadmium oxide, zinc oxide, lead oxide or iron oxide, in the A accumulator housing, this closes gas-tight and then up to complete conversion of the silver oxide into silver peroxide charges, so that when discharging of the accumulator as much current is available as through the regression of silver peroxide is supplied in silver oxide.

Dabei wird die elektrochemische Speicherfähigkeit der negativen Elektrode in an sich bekannter Weise wesentlich größer als die der positiven Silberelektrode gemacht. Infolgedessen erreicht die positive Silberelektrode beim Laden den Zustand der Volladung früher als die negative Elektrode. Beim Weiterladen entwickelt dann die positive Elektrode äquivalent zu dem durch sie fließenden Strom Sauerstoff, während an der noch nicht völlig geladenen negativen Elektrode eine Gasentwicklung nicht möglich ist.Thereby the electrochemical storage capacity of the negative electrode in a manner known per se, much larger than that of the positive silver electrode made. As a result, the silver positive electrode reaches the state when charging the full charge earlier than the negative electrode. Then developed when reloading the positive electrode is equivalent to the oxygen flowing through it, while on the not yet fully charged negative electrode there is evolution of gas not possible.

Der an der positiven Elektrode entstandene Sauerstoff oxydiert in gleichem Maße den metallischen Anteil der negativen Elektrode, so daß in der Zelle auch dann kein wesentlicher Gasüberdruck entstehen kann, wenn eine Überladung vom mehrfachen Wert der Normalkapazität dieses Akkumulators erfolgt.The oxygen produced at the positive electrode is oxidized in equal measure the metallic portion of the negative electrode, so that in the cell even then no significant gas overpressure can arise if an overload of the multiple value of the normal capacity of this accumulator takes place.

Der neue Akkumulator ist deshalb überlade- und umpolsicher, und seine Klemmenspannung fällt während der Entladung nur geringfügig ab.The new accumulator is therefore protected against overcharge and polarity reversal, and his Terminal voltage drops only slightly during discharge.

In den A b b. I bis 111 der Zeichnung ist die Funktionsweise des neuen Akkumulators schematisch wiedergegeben: A b b. I zeigt den Oxydationszustand der positiven Silberoxydelektrode (a) und der negativen Elektrode (b), beispielsweise einer Cadmiumelektrode im Einbauzustand.In the A b b. I to 111 of the drawing, the mode of operation of the new accumulator is shown schematically: A b b. I shows the oxidation state of the silver oxide positive electrode (a) and the negative electrode (b), for example a cadmium electrode, in the installed state.

A b b. II zeigt die Elektroden (a und b) in halb geladenem Zustand, in dem die Oxydation des Silberoxyds zu Silberperoxyd und die Reduktion des Cadmiumoxyds zu Cadmium erfolgt.A b b. II shows the electrodes (a and b) in a half-charged state, in which the oxidation of the silver oxide to silver peroxide and the reduction of the cadmium oxide to cadmium take place.

A b b. III gibt die Elektroden (a und b) im Zustand der Volladung des Akkumulators wieder. Hierbei ist das Silberoxyd der positiven Elektrode vollständig zu Silberperoxyd oxydiert, das Cadmiumoxyd der negativen Elektrode in dem Maße der Umwandlung des Silberoxyds der positiven Elektrode zu Cadmium reduziert, wobei noch ein überschuß unreduzierten Cadmiums in der negativen Elektrode vorhanden ist. Infolgedessen entwickelt nunmehr die positive Elektrode Sauerstoff entsprechend dem durch sie fließenden Strom, während an der negativen Elektrode keine Gasentwicklung möglich ist, weil sie noch nicht völlig geladen und in Cadmium umgewandelt ist.A b b. III shows the electrodes (a and b) when the battery is fully charged. The silver oxide of the positive electrode is completely oxidized to silver peroxide, the cadmium oxide of the negative electrode is reduced to the extent that the silver oxide of the positive electrode is converted to cadmium, with an excess of unreduced cadmium still being present in the negative electrode. As a result, the positive electrode now develops oxygen in accordance with the current flowing through it, while no gas development is possible at the negative electrode because it is not yet fully charged and converted into cadmium.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch: Verfahren zum Herstellen eines ständig gas-und flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossenen alkalischen Akkumulators mit positiver Silberelektrode und negativer Elektrode, die wesentlich größer als die positive Elektrode gehalten ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine positive Elektrode, die das Silber in Form von Silberoxyd enthält, und eine völlig entladene negative Elektrode, die Cadmiumoxyd, Zinkoxyd, Bleioxyd oder Eisenoxyd enthält, in das Akkumulatorgehäuse einsetzt, dieses gasdicht verschließt und dann bis zur vollständigen Umwandlung des Silberoxyds (Ag20) in Silberperoxyd (Ag_,0,) auflädt, so daß beim Entladen des Akkumulators so viel Strom zur Verfügung steht, wie durch die Zurückbildung des Silberperoxyds in Silberoxyd geliefert wird. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 925 959; französische Patentschriften Nr. 1207 335, 1 243194.Claim: A process for the production of an alkaline storage battery which is permanently sealed in a gas- and liquid-tight manner with a positive silver electrode and a negative electrode which is much larger than the positive electrode, characterized in that one has a positive electrode which contains the silver in the form of silver oxide, and A completely discharged negative electrode, which contains cadmium oxide, zinc oxide, lead oxide or iron oxide, is inserted into the battery housing, closes it gas-tight and then charges until the silver oxide (Ag20) is completely converted into silver peroxide (Ag_, 0,), so that when the Accumulator as much current is available as is supplied by the regression of the silver peroxide in silver oxide. Documents considered: German Patent No. 925 959; French patents nos. 1207 335, 1 243194.
DEO8278A 1961-09-22 1961-09-22 Accumulator sealed gas and liquid tight Pending DE1177225B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEO8278A DE1177225B (en) 1961-09-22 1961-09-22 Accumulator sealed gas and liquid tight

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEO8278A DE1177225B (en) 1961-09-22 1961-09-22 Accumulator sealed gas and liquid tight

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1177225B true DE1177225B (en) 1964-09-03

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE925959C (en) * 1950-11-03 1955-04-04 Georg Neumann Alkaline accumulator cell, the electrodes of which are enclosed together with the electrolyte in a gas- and liquid-tight container, and process for their production
FR1207335A (en) * 1957-11-13 1960-02-16 Yardney International Corp silver electrode for electrochemical cells
FR1243194A (en) * 1958-12-17 1960-10-07 Yardney International Corp single potential silver electrode and its manufacturing process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE925959C (en) * 1950-11-03 1955-04-04 Georg Neumann Alkaline accumulator cell, the electrodes of which are enclosed together with the electrolyte in a gas- and liquid-tight container, and process for their production
FR1207335A (en) * 1957-11-13 1960-02-16 Yardney International Corp silver electrode for electrochemical cells
FR1243194A (en) * 1958-12-17 1960-10-07 Yardney International Corp single potential silver electrode and its manufacturing process

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